【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习考点讲解学案之周周测（一） 20页

周周测(一)‎ 第一部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A ‎[2019·郑州摸底]‎ If you're on the hunt for something new and interesting to read, you have plenty of places to go. This week, we're looking at four of the best book recommendation sites, based on your nominations (提名)．‎ Goodreads Goodreads is more than just a book recommendation site, although it excels at helping you find new books to read based on the ones you enjoy. You can build a virtual “shelf” of books you own or have already read, share your progress with the books you're currently reading, rate the books you've read, leave reviews, and connect with other readers.‎ BookBub While BookBub isn't strictly a book recommendation site, it does bring you superlow cost books based on your interests every day. The service is free, and when you sign up, you tell BookBub what kinds of books you like to read. From there, you'll get an email from BookBub every day with book deals for that day. When we say “deal”， we mean it — many of BookBub's titles are free entirely, $0.99, or just a couple of bucks.‎ LibraryThing LibraryThing has been around for a long time and is still a great userpowered book rating, review, and recommendation site. The service calls itself the world's largest book club, and that's a lot like the overall feel. Once you sign up, you'll be encouraged to start adding books you've read and leave reviews for them. Behind its book ratings and reviews though, LibraryThing is a powerful tool to catalog and organize your entire book collection.‎ Olmenta If you're not interested in registering for accounts, adding your own books, or any of that hassle (麻烦), Olmenta can suggest some solid titles to you based on general popularity and the citations of the people behind the site. It's a simple list of book covers that the service thinks you should read, and a few genres you can click on if you're looking for something specific, like business, fiction, theatre, poetry, or nonfiction, among others.‎ ‎【文章大意】　该文介绍了四个最佳书籍推荐网站。‎ ‎【难句分析】　While BookBub isn't strictly a book recommendation site, it does bring you superlow cost books based on your interests every day.‎ 分析：本句是一个复合句。While引导让步状语从句，译为“虽然，尽管”。本句的主句是一个强调句，即对谓语动词bring的强调，助动词does单独放在谓语前，谓语用动词原形。‎ 译文：尽管严格地说，BookBub不是一个书籍推荐网站，但是它的确可以根据你的兴趣每天给你提供超低价钱的书籍看。‎ ‎1．Which of the following two book recommendation sites ask you to rate and leave reviews?‎ A．Goodreads and BookBub.‎ B．BookBub and LibraryThing.‎ C．LibraryThing and Olmenta.‎ D．Goodreads and LibraryThing.‎ 答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据Goodreads部分的最后一句中的“rate the books you've read, leave reviews, and connect with other readers”和LibraryThing部分的最后一句中的“Behind its book ratings and reviews though”可知，Goodreads和LibraryThing都要求读者评价并留下书评，故选D。‎ ‎2．Which book recommendation site can help you get superlow cost books?‎ A．Goodreads. B．BookBub.‎ C．LibraryThing. D．Olmenta.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据BookBub部分的第一句“While BookBub isn't strictly a book recommendation site, it does bring you superlow cost books based on your interests every day”可知，BookBub这个网站可以帮助你得到超低价钱的书，故选B。‎ ‎3．If you turn to Olmenta, you ________.‎ A．need to pay more B．need to add your own books C．don't need to sign up D．don't need to look for something specific 答案与解析：C　考查推理判断。根据最后一段第一句“If you're not interested in registering for accounts, adding your own books, or any of that hassle(麻烦)，Olmenta can suggest some solid titles to you based on general popularity and the citations of the people behind the site”可推知，在Olmenta网站，你可省去注册的麻烦，故选C。‎ B ‎[2019·西宁检测]‎ I had the meanest mother in the world. While other kids ate candy for breakfast, I had to have cereal, eggs and toast. Others had Cokes and candy for lunch, while I had to eat a sandwich. As you can guess, my supper was different than the other kids'. But at least I was not alone in my suffering. My sister and two brothers had the same mean mother as I did.‎ My mother insisted on knowing where we were at all times. She had to know who our friends were and what we were doing. We had to wear clean clothes every day. Other kids always wore their clothes for days. We reached the height of disgrace because she made our clothes herself, just to save money.‎ The worst is yet to come. We had to be in bed by 9：00 each night and up at 7：45 the next morning. So while my friends slept, my mother actually had the courage to break the Child Labor Law. She made us work. I believed she lay awake all night thinking up mean things to do to us.‎ Through the years, our friends' report cards had beautiful colors on them, black for passing, red for falling. My mother, however, would merely be content with black marks. None of us was allowed the pleasure of being a dropout.‎ She forced us to grow up into educated and honest adults. Using this as a background, I'm now trying to bring up my three children. I'm filled with pride when my children think I am mean because now I thank the meanest mother in the world every day.‎ ‎【文章大意】　‎ 这是一篇记叙文。作者用幽默的方式介绍了自己的母亲对自己很苛刻，实际上那是母亲对作者的高要求，也是母亲对孩子们的爱。‎ ‎【难句分析】　I'm filled with pride when my children think I am mean because now I thank the meanest mother in the world every day.‎ 分析：when引导时间状语从句，在时间状语从句中包含一个省略了that的宾语从句。because引导原因状语从句。‎ 译文：当我的孩子们认为我很刻薄的时候我很骄傲，因为我现在每天都感谢(我的)世界上最刻薄的母亲。‎ ‎4．From the passage we can learn that the writer's mother was ________.‎ A．not generous at all B．very strict with her children C．very mean with money matters D．very cruel to her children 答案与解析：B　考查推理判断。根据文中的“I had the meanest mother in the world” “My mother insisted on knowing where we were at all times”及“She forced us to grow up into educated and honest adults”这些叙述语言可知，作者的母亲在各个方面对作者他们要求很严格。‎ ‎5．Which of the following things did the writer hate to do most?‎ A．Eating differently from other kids.‎ B．Wearing clean clothes made by mother.‎ C．Going to bed early and getting up early.‎ D．Letting mother know where they were.‎ 答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。根据文章第三段中的“The worst is yet to come. We had to be in bed by 9：00 each night and up at 7：45 the next morning”可知，作者认为最糟糕的事情是早睡早起，故答案为C。‎ ‎6．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.‎ A．the writer worked hard and usually got good grades in study B．mother was punished for breaking the Child Labor Law C．all the other kids studied better than the writer D．the writer's family lived a miserable life 答案与解析：A　考查推理判断。根据文章第四段中的“black for passing, red for falling. My mother, however, would merely be content with black marks”‎ 可知，黑色意味着通过，而红色意味着失败，但是作者的母亲只对黑色满意。这就暗示出作者学习很努力，经常获得高分，故答案为A。‎ ‎7．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．Mother practised economy in running her home.‎ B．The writer is very thankful for her mother.‎ C．The writer is severe with her children when bringing them up.‎ D．The writer has a deep hatred for her mother.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查推理判断。根据文章内容尤其是最后一段中的“I'm filled with pride when my children think I am mean because now I thank the meanest mother in the world every day”可知，作者感谢世界上最刻薄的母亲。作者用幽默的方式表达了对母亲的感激，并不是讨厌和憎恨，故答案为B。‎ C ‎[2019·福州四校联考]‎ The idea that you can use humor, laughter, and play to make you healthier probably seems too simple to be true. However, it is really true and simple. The sense of humor, laughter and play plays an important part in keeping you healthy.‎ Treat the blues with a sense of humor, which is closely tied to laughter. Laughter is infectious. Have you ever heard a big laugh of a young child and been able to keep yourself from smiling? When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness. Smiling is the beginning of laughter and a smile is also just as infectious as laughter is. You can experience something by smiling at everyone around you, and you will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger.‎ Play is an important part of making sure that we stay healthy. We are often encouraged to make sure our children play, and are told of the benefits of being out playing. However, what we often forget is that it is just as important for old people to make play be part of their life as it's for children. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness. While the studies are still in the early stages, the studies that have been done have shown that physical play certainly plays a part in preventing cognitive (认知的) falling.‎ Anyway, adding humor, laughter, and play to our life will ‎ influence us mentally, physically and socially and bring us many advantages. So we should make full use of humor, laughter and play to make our life more active, more interesting and happier.‎ ‎【文章大意】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了幽默、大笑和玩耍给人们的健康带来的好处。‎ ‎【难句分析】　 However, what we often forget is that it is just as important for old people to make play be part of their life as it's for children.‎ 分析：本句中包含what引导的主语从句，that引导的表语从句。‎ 译文：然而，我们经常忘记的是，让玩耍成为生活的一部分对老年人来说就像对孩子们来说一样重要。‎ ‎8．What does the underlined word “infectious” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?‎ A．Playing an important role.‎ B．Keeping people in high spirits.‎ C．Quickly influencing other people.‎ D．Preventing illness from spreading.‎ 答案与解析：C　考查词义猜测。根据第二段第四句“When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness”可知，当人们分享笑容时，人们的关系更亲密，人们也会更加快乐。故infectious在此处意思为迅速影响其他人。‎ ‎9．What can laughter increase according to the author?‎ A．Cognitive ability. B．Good relationships.‎ C．A sense of humor. D．Happiness and trust.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness... and you will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger”可知，在作者看来大笑能使人们之间的关系更亲密。‎ ‎10．What does the author think the old should do?‎ A．They should have a good rest.‎ B．They should play like children.‎ C．They should prevent cognitive falling.‎ D．They should take part in physical play.‎ 答案与解析：D　考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“However, what we often forget is that it is just as important for old people to make play be part of their life as it's for children. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness”可知，作者认为老年人应该参与体力活动。‎ ‎11．Which of the following would be the best title for the text?‎ A．Humor, Laughter and Play for Health B．Always Keep Our Body Healthy C．Have an Active and Happy Life D．Let Our Body and Mind Relax 答案与解析：A　考查主旨大意。根据最后一段“Anyway, adding humor, laughter, and play to our life will influence us mentally, physically and socially and bring us many advantages. So we should make full use of humor, laughter and play to make our life more active, more interesting and happier”可知，这篇文章的主旨是幽默、大笑和玩耍有利于健康。‎ D ‎[2019·昆明市高三摸底调研测试]‎ A new study shows that rising levels of planetwarming gases may reduce important nutrients (营养物) in food crops.‎ Researchers studied the effects of carbon dioxide on rice. In the experiment, scientists grew 18 kinds of rice in fields in China and Japan. They set carbon dioxide levels to what scientists are predicting for our planet by the end of the century. Rice grown under high carbon dioxide conditions had, on average, 13 to 30 percent lower levels of four B vitamins and 10 percent less protein (蛋白质). The crops also had 8 percent less iron and 5 percent less zinc than rice grown under normal conditions. However, vitamin E levels increased by about 13 percent on average.‎ ‎ The researchers said the effects of planetwarming gases would be most severe for the poorest citizens in some of the least developed countries. These people generally eat the most rice and have the least complex diets. That includes about 600 million people in Indonesia, Cambodia, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Laos and other nations, mainly in Southeast Asia.‎ Other studies have shown that higher temperatures from climate change and weather extremes will reduce food production. And scientists are finding that rising levels of carbon dioxide and other ‎ planetwarming gases threaten food quality.‎ Earlier studies showed that wheat, rice, field peas and soybeans grown under high carbon dioxide conditions all had lower levels of protein and minerals. Scientists predicted that almost 150 million people might be at risk of having too little protein or zinc in their diet by 2050.‎ The new study suggests a way to lower the nutritional harm of climate change. That is to grow different forms of rice that can adapt to higher carbon dioxide levels.‎ ‎【文章大意】　本文介绍了温室气体如何减少粮食作物中的营养物质以及降低气候变化对营养物的损害的方法。‎ ‎【难句分析】　Earlier studies showed that wheat，rice，field peas and soybeans grown under high carbon dioxide conditions all had lower levels of protein and minerals.‎ 分析：本句为复合句。主句的主语是Earlier studies，主句的谓语动词为showed，that引导宾语从句；宾语从句中的主语“wheat，rice，field peas and soybeans”后接作定语的过去分词短语“grown under high carbon dioxide conditions”。‎ 译文：之前的研究表明，在高二氧化碳条件下种植的小麦、水稻、红豌豆和大豆都含有较低水平的蛋白质和矿物质。‎ ‎12．Growing rice under high carbon dioxide conditions may ________.‎ A．increase iron in the rice B．make it less nutritious C．cause losses of vitamin E D．make it more delicious 答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Rice grown under high carbon dioxide conditions had，on average,13 to 30 percent lower levels... less protein(蛋白质)”可知，B项为正确答案。A、C、D三项的表述均与原文表述不符。‎ ‎13．How can people reduce the nutritional harm of climate change?‎ A．By importing rice from China and Japan.‎ B．By taking other kinds of food instead of rice.‎ C．By avoiding eating rice from Southeast Asia.‎ D．By growing rice suitable for the environment.‎ 答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据文章最后一句“That is ‎ to grow different forms of rice that can adapt to higher carbon dioxide levels”可知，D项为正确答案。‎ ‎14．What's the author's purpose of writing the text?‎ A．To inform readers what nutrients food crops contain.‎ B．To call on people to care for the planet they live on.‎ C．To share the results of some studies on people's diets.‎ D．To tell readers where food crops are mainly produced.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查写作意图。通读全文可知，本文通过介绍温室气体增加对粮食作物的影响来唤起人们对人类赖以生存的地球家园的保护。选B。‎ ‎15．In which part of a magazine can you read the text?‎ A．Advertisements. B．Art and culture.‎ C．Science reports. D．Business news.‎ 答案与解析：C　考查推理判断。通读全文，尤其是文中的“study”“Researchers”“studies”等可推知，本文是一篇研究报道，在科学报道部分能读到本文。‎ 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎[2019·湖北省七市联考]‎ Do teenagers know how to sleep? If you're the parent of teens, you might be laughing to yourself. That's all they know how to do. In truth, teens might not know enough about how to sleep, when to sleep and why. __16__.‎ Just as we focus on our diets and exercise for health, we need to consider sleep necessary to our mental, physical and psychological health. “Good” sleep is sleep that is long enough to allow your brain to remove the side effects of daytime brain activity. Consistent bed times and wakeup times are the key to keeping our sleep cycles. __17__.‎ Teens are social creatures, and the most attractive social “gathering” place these days is on their digital devices. __18__. Ideally, we should avoid blue light for at least half an hour before bed. But social media and homework that requires screen time mean too many kids are powering up their devices when their bodies should be powering down for the night.‎ ‎__19__. Equally contributing to sleep issues are eating too late,‎ ‎ taking naps, and failing to get enough exercise. In other words, these people never learned how to sleep.‎ Over time, poor sleep leads to a decline in mood. __20__. Significantly, when I speak to my adult patients who are struggling with sleep issues, nearly all of them say their sleep problems started in high school.‎ Therefore, I recommend sleep education. Otherwise, we won't necessarily solve the health, safety and economic issues of sleepy teens.‎ A．When they are disturbed, our sleep is affected B．Going to bed too late is only one part of sleep problems C．Being exposed to blue light from our screens delays sleep D．Current school schedules allow for about seven hours of sleep a night E．It also contributes to a lot of medical issues, from being fat to heart disease F．Later school start time really contributes to more sleep and improved health G．As far as I'm concerned, one important element is missing: sleep education ‎ ‎【文章大意】　 本文主要介绍了要对青少年进行睡眠教育。‎ ‎16．答案与解析：G　本句位于段落末尾句，要么是段落主题句或是承上启下的过渡句。段落首句提出问题，第二句介绍父母的反应，第四句介绍孩子们的情况，故可推知，空处所在句是提出本段的观点也就是对首句问题的回答，所以选G项。‎ ‎17．答案与解析：A　A项中的代词they指代前句中的“Consistent bed times and wakeup times”，前后意思连贯，所以选A项。‎ ‎18．答案与解析：C　C项中的screens是空前“digital devices”的列举，同时句中的blue light在空处后句再次出现，这是同义复现。C项“接触来自我们屏幕的蓝光推迟了睡眠”与空后“理想情况下，我们应该在睡前至少半小时避免蓝光”构成了因果关系，所以选C项。‎ ‎19．答案与解析：B　空后列举了造成睡眠不好的几个方面，由此可见此段主要介绍导致睡眠不好的主要表现形式，所以B项中的“Going to bed too late(睡觉太晚)”也是之一，所以选B项。‎ ‎20．答案与解析： E　E项中的“contributes to”‎ 与前句中的“leads to”是相同的表达，同时also一词更好体现二者之间的连贯，所以选E项。‎ 第二部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节　(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎[2019·山西八校第一次联考]‎ At my daughter's presentation ceremony, the principal reminded the kids of that nowfamiliar truth: they could have multiple careers in their lifetimes. As I lay in bed that evening, another truth __21__ me that it is not just different careers that __22__ each child.‎ I __23__ my own life and how much it has __24__. Five years ago, I was in an unhappy marriage, living in a house that I felt wasn't mine. I felt __25__ most of the time and not __26__ my own future. Now, I live in my own beautiful apartment. My family life is peaceful, filled with __27__. My life is barely __28__. I created a whole new reality.‎ I have always __29__ that great change is possible. I am the greatgrandchild of the immigrants who left their countries with few __30__. From the shtetls (犹太人小村庄) of Russia and Poland, they created their own communities.‎ My parents moved to a __31__ city with two small children and started a life different from that in their hometown. And my late grandmother lived two completely different lives. __32__ she was a widow at 43 after my grandfather died suddenly, she __33__ her daughters alone, cared for her elderly mother and __34__ travelled out of her hometown. At 68, after being single for 26 years, she __35__ us all by falling in love and remarrying. She and her husband, Harry, socialized __36__， and travelled around the country.‎ Life is full of __37__. We assume that our lives are linear (直线的), leading us from birth to death into a straight __38__. But they can change and have sharp __39__. They can double back and leap forward and begin another __40__ altogether.‎ ‎【文章大意】　本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在文中借助自己及自己亲人的生活经历表达了人生充满可能性的观点。‎ ‎21．A.hit B．promised C．attacked D．suggested 答案与解析：A　根据上下文可知，作者突然意识到了另一条真理。hit“使突然意识到”符合语境。promise“承诺”；attack“袭击，攻击”；suggest“建议；表明”。‎ ‎22．A.hold back B．appeal to C．wait for D．call on 答案与解析：C　根据上文中的“the principal reminded the kids of that nowfamiliar truth: they could have multiple careers in their lifetimes”可知，此处表示作者突然意识到并不仅仅是不同的事业在等待着每个孩子。wait for“等待”符合语境。hold back“阻挡，抑制”；appeal to“有吸引力；呼吁”；call on“邀请；要求”。‎ ‎23．A.sought for B．tried out C．took over D．reflected on 答案与解析：D　根据下文的内容可知，作者认真思考了自己的生活。reflect on“认真思考”符合语境。seek for“寻找”；try out“试验，试用”；take over“接管，接手”。‎ ‎24．A.transformed B．improved C．abused D．succeeded 答案与解析：A　根据下文作者所说的自己的生活前后的巨大变化可知，作者思考的是自己的生活发生了多大的改变。transform“改变”符合语境。improve“改善”；abuse“滥用”；succeed“成功”。‎ ‎25．A.terrified B．anxious C．curious D．ashamed 答案与解析：B　根据上文中的“Five years ago, I was in an unhappy marriage, living in a house that I felt wasn't mine”可知，五年前，作者婚姻不幸福，觉得住在一个不属于自己的家中，故作者大多数时候感到焦虑，并觉得无法掌管自己的未来。anxious“忧虑的，焦虑的”符合语境。terrified“非常害怕的，极度惊恐的”；curious“好奇的”；ashamed“羞愧的”。‎ ‎26．A.in control of B．in defence of C．in honor of D．in place of 答案与解析：A　参见上题解析。in control of“掌管，控制”符合语境。in defence of“保卫”；in honor of“向……表示敬意”‎ ‎；in place of“代替，取代”。‎ ‎27．A.noise B．devotion C．admiration D．laughter 答案与解析：D　根据上文中的“Now, I live in my own beautiful apartment. My family life is peaceful”可知，作者现在住在自己漂亮的公寓中，家庭生活平静安宁，充满了欢笑。laughter“笑，笑声”符合语境。devotion“奉献，忠诚”；admiration“钦佩，赞赏”。‎ ‎28．A.bearable B．recognizable C．suitable D．acceptable 答案与解析：B　根据上文提及的作者前后生活的对比以及下文的“I created a whole new reality”可知，作者创造了一个全新的现实生活，故可推知作者现在的生活(和以前的相比变化巨大)很难被认出来。recognizable“容易认出的，易于识别的”符合语境。bearable“可忍受的，能应付的”；suitable“合适的”；acceptable“可接受的；令人满意的”。‎ ‎29．A.imagined B．doubted C．believed D．remembered 答案与解析：C　根据语境可知，作者一直都相信巨大的变化是可能发生的。believe“相信”符合语境。imagine“想象”；doubt“怀疑”；remember“想起，记起”。‎ ‎30．A.contacts B．belongings C．expectations D．devices 答案与解析：B　根据上文中的“who left their countries with few”并结合选项可知，此处指携带很少的财物离开他们自己的国家。belongings“财物，财产”符合语境。contact“熟人，社会关系”；expectation“期望”；device“装置”。‎ ‎31．A.poor B．remote C．strange D．wealthy 答案与解析：C　根据下文中的“started a life different from that in their hometown”可知，作者的父母搬去了一个陌生的城市。strange“陌生的”符合语境。remote“遥远的，偏僻的”。‎ ‎32．A.Since B．Until C．When D．Although 答案与解析：A　根据下文中的“she was a widow at 43 after ‎ my grandfather died suddenly, she __33__ her daughters alone”可知，由于作者已逝的外祖母是一个寡妇，所以她(生前)独自抚养自己的女儿们。Since“因为，由于”在此处引导原因状语从句。‎ ‎33．A.educated B．raised C．accompanied D．comforted 答案与解析：B　参见上题解析。raise“抚养”符合语境。educate“教育”；accompany“陪同，伴随”；comfort“安慰”。‎ ‎34．A.nearly B．frequently C．smoothly D．rarely 答案与解析：D　根据上文中的“she __33__ her daughters alone, cared for her elderly mother”可知，作者的外祖母(生前)要独自抚养自己的女儿们，照顾自己年老的母亲，所以她很少去她家乡之外的地方旅行。rarely“很少，不常”符合语境。nearly“几乎”；frequently“频繁地，经常”；smoothly“顺利地”。‎ ‎35．A.amused B．annoyed C．satisfied D．surprised 答案与解析：D　根据上文的内容，尤其是“she was a widow at 43 after my grandfather died suddenly”“At 68, after being single for 26 years”和下文中的“falling in love and remarrying”可知，作者的外祖母(生前)守寡26年后，于68岁时坠入爱河并再婚，这应该是让作者他们感到吃惊的。surprise“使惊奇，使感到意外”符合语境。amuse“逗笑；(使)娱乐”；annoy“使生气，使恼怒”；satisfy“使满意”。‎ ‎36．A.endlessly B．casually C．punctually D．accidentally 答案与解析：A　根据下文中的“and travelled around the country”可知，作者的外祖母(生前)和自己的丈夫Harry周游全国，不断地参加社交活动。endlessly“不断地，无休止地”符合语境。casually“随意地”；punctually“守时地”；accidentally“意外地”。‎ ‎37．A.challenges B．possibilities C．hardships D．hopes 答案与解析：B　根据上文作者所举的例子可知，生活是充满可能性的。possibility“可能，可能性”符合语境。challenge“挑战”；hardship“艰苦，贫困”。‎ ‎38．A.pattern B．shape C．path D．queue 答案与解析：C　根据上文中的“We assume that our lives are linear(直线的), leading us from birth to death into a straight”可知，我们认为自己的生活是条直线，就是自生至死的一条笔直的路。path“路”符合语境。pattern“图案，模式”。‎ ‎39．A.tendencies B．directions C．increases D．twists 答案与解析：D　根据上文中的“We assume that our lives are linear (直线的), leading us from birth to death into a straight __38__. But they can change and have sharp __39__”和下文中的“They can double back and leap forward”可知，我们的生活并不是直线，而是会变化并出现急转弯的。twist“(河流或道路的)曲折处，急转弯处”符合语境。tendency“倾向，趋势”；direction“方向”。‎ ‎40．A.marriage B．relationship C．story D．plan 答案与解析：C　根据语境可知，生活会沿原路返回，向前跳跃并开始另一个故事。story“故事”符合语境。marriage“婚姻”；relationship“关系”。‎ 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎[2019·太原模拟]‎ ‎ There is one allimportant law of human conduct. If we obey that law, we shall almost never get into trouble. In fact, that law, if __41__ (obey), will bring us countless friends and constant happiness. But the very instant we break the law, we shall get into __42__ (end) trouble. The law is this: Always make others feel important. John Dewey, an American psychologist, once __43__ (say) that gaining others' respect is __44__ deepest urge in human nature. According to the psychologist, William James, the ruling principle in human nature is the desire __45__ (appreciate). It is desires and urges like these __46__ distinguish us from animals. People have thought about the rules of human relationships for thousands of years before __47__ (discover) one rule — probably the most important rule in the world: Do to others as you would have them do to you.‎ ‎ You want the approval of those with __48__ you come in contact. You want the recognition of your true worth. You want to have the __49__ (feel) that you are important in your little world. So let's obey the Golden Rule, recognize others' importance and recognize it __50__ (honest). When? Where? The answer is: all the time, everywhere.‎ ‎【文章大意】　 作者通过举例来说明这样一个道理：我们要想交到很多朋友并快乐地生活，就要遵循这样的一个原则——让别人觉得他自己很重要。‎ ‎41．答案与解析：obeyed　考查非谓语动词。这里是if引导的省略句。obey和that law 是逻辑被动关系，故用过去分词obeyed。‎ ‎42．答案与解析：endless　考查形容词。“但是一旦我们打破了这个规则，我们就会陷入无尽的麻烦”。trouble是名词，前面应用形容词修饰，故此处用形容词endless。‎ ‎43．答案与解析：said　考查动词的时态。根据时间状语once可知此处用一般过去时，故填said。‎ ‎44．答案与解析：the　考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，这里修饰形容词最高级deepest用定冠词the。‎ ‎45．答案与解析：to be appreciated　考查非谓语动词。空处作the desire的后置定语，用动词不定式形式，appreciate与其逻辑主语是动宾关系，故用动词不定式的被动形式。‎ ‎46．答案与解析：that　考查特殊句式。分析句子结构可知，本句是一个强调句且被强调部分为desires and urges，指物，故填that。‎ ‎47．答案与解析：discovering　考查非谓语动词。before为介词，后面接名词或者动名词，故填discovering。‎ ‎48．答案与解析：whom　考查定语从句。先行词是those指人，关系词在后面的从句中充当in contact with的宾语，且with提前，故用关系代词whom。‎ ‎49．答案与解析：feeling　考查名词。分析空处所在的句子结构可知，此处作have的宾语，并表示“一种感觉”，故填feeling。‎ ‎50．答案与解析：honestly　考查副词。分析空处所在的句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰动词recognize，故填honestly。‎ 第三部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ ‎[2019·辽宁五校高三上学期联考]‎ Last weekend, after pay a visit to the city of New York, I visited the National Air and Space Museum of the Smithsonian Institution, where lies in Washington, D. C.‎ The museum, which covers a area of 18,000 square meters, is made of 24 exhibition halls. All kinds of planes, rockets, missiles and spaceship of great importance and variously old instruments that famous pilots and astronauts used are on display. In addition, I see copies of some satellites and aircraft. More interestingly, I tried operating on some aircraft by myself. During the visit, I took lots of pictures as well.‎ ‎ This brief visit helped myself learn much about the history of human space exploration. It made me more interesting in science and technology.‎ 答案：‎ Last weekend, after pa a visit to the city of New York, I visited the National Air and Space Museum of the Smithsonian Institution, wher lies in Washington, D. C.‎ The museum, which covers area of 18,000 square meters, is made of 24 exhibition halls. All kinds of planes, rockets, missiles and spaceshi of great importance and variousl old instruments that famous pilots and astronauts used are on ‎ display. In addition, I se copies of some satellites and aircraft. More interestingly, I tried operating some aircraft by myself. During the visit, I took lots of pictures as well.‎ This brief visit helped mysel learn much about the history of human space exploration. It made me more interestin in science and technology.‎ ‎①pay改为paying。考查非谓语动词。根据该句中的介词after可知，该处作介词after的宾语，故用动名词形式。‎ ‎②where改为which。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该句为包含非限制性定语从句的复合句；句中“the National Air and Space Museum of the Smithsonian Institution”为先行词，关系词指代先行词且在从句中作主语，故用which引导该定语从句。‎ ‎③a改为an。考查不定冠词。area是发音以元音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词an。‎ ‎④在made后加up。考查固定搭配。be made up of为固定搭配，意为“由……组成，由……构成”。此处表示：这个博物馆面积达18 000平方米，由24个展厅构成。‎ ‎⑤spaceship改为spaceships。考查名词的单复数。spaceship为可数名词，根据该句中的“All kinds of”可知，该处应用其复数形式。‎ ‎⑥variously改为various。考查形容词。该词修饰名词instruments，表示“各种各样的老式仪器”，故用形容词形式。‎ ‎⑦see改为saw。考查动词的时态。根据本文首句中的“Last weekend”可知，本文叙述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，故将see改为saw。‎ ‎⑧删除operating后的on。考查介词。operate为及物动词，在该处意为“操作”，后面直接跟宾语，故删除介词on。此处表示：更有趣的是，我亲自尝试操作了一些飞行器。‎ ‎⑨myself改为me。考查代词。此处表示：此次短暂的参观帮助我学到了很多人类太空探索的历史。此处作help的宾语，故用me。‎ ‎⑩‎ interesting改为interested。考查形容词。此处表示：这让我对科学技术更感兴趣。由该句中的me可知，该处修饰人，表示“感兴趣的”，故用形容词interested。‎ 第二节　书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎[2019·石家庄市重点中学高三摸底]‎ 假定你是李华，校学生会组织学生下周六开展关爱自闭症儿童(children with autism)义演活动。请你给外教Shelly写一封邮件，邀请她一同前往。内容包括：‎ ‎1．时间和地点；‎ ‎2．活动内容(现场表演、义卖等)。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【范文赏读】　‎ Dear Shelly，‎ I'd like to invite you to join us in an activity of caring for children with autism, which is to take place at Zhongshan Road next Saturday. ①Needless to say, there are a number of such special children around us who are incapable of communicating freely with others and need more people to take care of them. ②That day we will give performances like singing, dancing and playing musical instruments to draw attention to the children. ③In the meanwhile, some pretty works designed by us students will be displayed for sale. The money collected will go to charity. We should be back around 4 o'clock in the afternoon. If you are able to come with us, please let us know and we'll wait for you at the school gate at 9 in the morning.‎ Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎【一句多译】‎ ‎①表达方式一：There is no doubt that there are a number of such special children around us who are unable to communicate freely with others and need more people to take care of them.‎ 表达方式二：Undoubtedly, there are a great many of such special children around us who are incapable of communicating freely with others and need more people to take care of them.‎ ‎②表达方式一：Performances such as singing, dancing and playing musical instruments that day will be given to attract people's attention to the children.‎ 表达方式二：There will be all kinds of performances like singing, dancing and playing musical instruments that day to draw attention to the children.‎ ‎③At the same time, some pretty works designed by us students will be displayed for sale.‎