2021高考英语一轮复习课时作业12Un北师大版必修4 18页

课时作业12 Unit 12　Culture Shock ‎.课时练(一)　阅读理解·组块专练——练速度 ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A ‎[2020·河南省五校联考]There are dozens of movie recommendation engines on the Web. They're all different, but some are definitely better than others.‎ Rotten Tomatoes Instead of telling Rotten Tomatoes which films you like, you can tell it what kind of films you enjoy, which actors you want to see, and other standards to help it find the best movie for you. There's a lot of variability in the quality of Rotten Tomatoes recommendations but it's also a nice way to find the right film for any mood.‎ Netflix Netflix asks you to rate (划分等级) movies to determine which films you'll want to see next. And although it does make it easy to rate movies and it does return huge lists, the ideas it gives you aren't all that strong. It's easy to use, but it's not the best way to get movie recommendations.‎ Jinni Whether you want to search for films based on your mood, time available, or reviews, the site has it all. But Jinni's most amazing feature is its semantic (语义的) search. You can enter a term like “films that show Chris Farley yelling” and the site will return films that match your question. Go to use Jinni. You won't regret it!‎ Criticker Instead of just allowing you to rank films, Criticker compares your ratings to those of other users and see how closely your tastes match those of other users. Once the service finds matches, you can view these users' lists and see which movies they like.‎ ‎1．Which one does the author recommend most?‎ - 18 -‎ ‎　‎ A．Rotten Tomatoes. B．Netflix.‎ C．Jinni. D．Criticker.‎ ‎2．What makes Criticker special?‎ A．Comparing users' ratings.‎ B．Ranking your favourite films.‎ C．Offering different standards.‎ D．Finding films based on mood.‎ ‎3．What is the purpose of the text?‎ A．To recommend the best online movies.‎ B．To show how to use movie search engines.‎ C．To introduce several movie search engines.‎ D．To explain how to find the best online movies.‎ B ‎[2020·江西临川一中等八校联考]When Huang Lizhi took her first class in African sociology at the University of the Witwatersrand in South Africa in February, her professor asked her and her classmates what impresses them most when it comes to Africa.‎ Unexpectedly, Huang, 31, found that words like“poverty” and “safari” — negative words that were often associated with the continent in media reports — were the kind of terms her African classmates didn't want to hear. Instead, they preferred to hear the question answered in this way: “Africa is the cradle of humankind” and “Africans are passionate and generous”．‎ Apparently, there are some misunderstandings between us. It's true that with incidents like the Ebola outbreak in West Africa and the emergence (出现) of pirates off the coast of Somalia hitting the news, it's easy for us to keep forgetting that Africa has one of the world's oldest civilizations — Egypt, born by the world's longest river, the Nile. The proof is in the Great Pyramid of Giza and the Great Sphinx of Giza, which are both popular among tourists. And the tombs of ancient Egypt have also become endless sources for the literature and film industries.‎ When it comes to the natural environment of Africa, our misunderstandings are only bigger. But the truth is that instead of being extremely hot all year round and covered by desert, the continent has large areas of savannas (稀树草原) where - 18 -‎ ‎ lions, giraffes and zebras live, the snowcapped Kilimanjaro — the highest mountain in Africa — and even thick forest on the island of Madagascar. These misunderstandings are one of the reasons why the 2018 Beijing Summit of the Forum on ChinaAfrica Cooperation was held on Sept. 3 and 4 — to understand each other better.‎ Indeed, only by visiting Africa herself did Huang see the convenient living conditions, the amazing natural beauty and the friendly people. In her eyes, her classmates were as hopeful about the future of their own countries as they were about Africa as a whole, and they were quick to demonstrate both their strong will and activity.“At that moment, I knew exactly what they wanted — they wanted their culture to be respected.”‎ ‎4．Which of the following best explains “cradle” underlined in Paragraph 2?‎ A．A small bed for babies.‎ B．A basket to hold something.‎ C．A place for people to relax themselves.‎ D．A place where something important began.‎ ‎5．What can we infer about Africa according to the passage?‎ A．It is very hot all year round.‎ B．It's not a safe continent to live on.‎ C．It's different from what we imagine.‎ D．It is bound to have a bright future.‎ ‎6．Which of the following would Huang agree with?‎ A．To see is to believe.‎ B．Think twice before you do.‎ C．A miss is as good as a mile.‎ D．Don't judge a person by his appearance.‎ ‎7．What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A．Valuing a Culture B．Understanding Africa C．Paying a Visit to Africa D．Discovering a Continent C ‎[2019·洛阳市第二次统考]There is more of a connection between food and culture than you may think. On an individual level, we grow up eating the food of our culture. It becomes a part of who we are. Many associate food from our childhood with warm - 18 -‎ ‎ feelings and good memories and it ties us to our families, holding a special and personal value for us. Food from our family often becomes the comfort food we seek as adults in times of frustration and stress.‎ On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride for their culture and means of coping with homesickness. ‎ Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve traditional dishes. However, the food does not remain exactly the same. Some materials needed to make traditional dishes may not be readily available, so the taste and flavor can be different from what they would prepare in their home countries. Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to make small changes about the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers. Those changes can create new flavors that still keep the cultural significance of the dishes.‎ We should embrace our heritage (传统) through our culture's food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window into culture, and it should be treated as such.‎ ‎8．What's the function of food mentioned in the text?‎ A．To help motivate homesickness.‎ B．To show national identity.‎ C．To reflect a country's history.‎ D．To show a community's superiority.‎ ‎9．What does the underlined “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A．The specific traditional food.‎ B．The national culture.‎ C．A traditional expression of food.‎ D．The oldfashioned taste.‎ ‎10．Why do some immigrants have to change the original dishes in their restaurant?‎ A．To attach cultural importance to their dishes.‎ B．To announce the beginning of their life on foreign soil.‎ C．To make the dishes popular among customers.‎ D．To present their own food culture in a new way.‎ - 18 -‎ ‎11．What's the author's attitude towards different food cultures?‎ A．Negative. B．Balanced.‎ C．Unfair. D．Unchangeable.‎ D ‎[2020·黑龙江省质量检测]“If you are cold, it will warm you; if you are too heated, it will cool you; if you are depressed, it will cheer you; if you are exhausted, it will calm you.” The poem best identifies the passion for tea in Britain. Outside of the United Kingdom, many people refer to afternoon tea as “high tea”. Afternoon tea, also known as low tea, is what most people think of when they hear “high tea”. It involves things like manners, lace (蕾丝) and light meals such as cookies and finger sandwiches. It is typically served in the midafternoon and it was traditionally served on low tables, hence its two names.‎ Legend has it that afternoon tea was started in the mid1800s by the Duchess of Bedford. Around that time, kerosene (煤油) lamps were introduced into wealthier homes and eating a late dinner (around 8 or 9 p．m.) became fashionable. This increasingly late dinner was one of the only two meals each day, and the other was a midmorning one. The story goes that the Duchess found herself with a “sinking feeling”. This came from hunger during the long wait between meals. She decided to invite friends over for various snacks and tea. The idea of an afternoon tea gathering spread across high society and became a favorite pastime of females for leisure. Later, it spread to other social groups.‎ However, the British working population did not have afternoon tea. They had a meal about midday, and a meal after work, between five and seven o'clock. This meal was called“high tea” or just “tea”. Traditionally eaten early evening, high tea was a substantial meal that combined delicious sweet food, such as cookies, cakes or tea bread, with heavy food, such as cheese on toast, cold meats and poached eggs on toast. This meal is now often replaced with a supper due to people eating their main meal in the evening rather than at midday.‎ ‎12．What is the author's purpose of using a poem at the beginning of the passage?‎ A．To introduce a topic.‎ B．To present a puzzle.‎ C．To describe the phenomenon.‎ D．To clarify his writing purpose.‎ ‎13．What led to the appearance of afternoon tea?‎ - 18 -‎ A．Kerosene lamps were used at home.‎ B．Upper class had more free time.‎ C．Drinking tea makes people feel good.‎ D．Duchess of Bedford was influential in social circle.‎ ‎14．What was the most important feature of afternoon tea in the mid1800s?‎ A．Simple food and tea.‎ B．A ladies' social occasion.‎ C．Being served on low tables.‎ D．Serving time.‎ ‎15．What is the best title for the text?‎ A．Origins of High Tea B．Ways of Low Tea C．Traditional Afternoon Tea D．High Tea and Low Tea 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎[2020·贵州适应性考试]The small habits really damage the wallet. So here's how you could be $500 richer or more every month!‎ ‎●Make your own coffee Think about how much you pay for that fancy latte (拿铁咖啡) with special milk each morning. __1__. “When you see these numbers showing the ‘latte effect’ over a lifetime, you may be more inspired to make your own，” says Vera Gibbons, a personal finance expert. You can save $100 to $150 every month.‎ ‎●Bring breakfast and lunch to work ‎ __2__. Therefore, purchasing breakfast and lunch during the week seems like an easy option yet expensive one. Natasha Smith, a personal finance expert, says one certain way to save money is to prepare your meals. “Start by packing a lunch every day instead of eating out to save $30 to $50 a week.” You can save $120 to $200 per month.‎ ‎● __3__. ‎ ‎“Eating in weekly instead of going out can save $20 per person per meal, or more than $250 over a couple of months，”says Len Hayduchok, a financial planner. If you meet up with four friends twice a month, that's about $100 once right there, not - 18 -‎ ‎ including drinks. __4__. ‎ ‎●Make your home more energyefficient Not only will using less gas and electricity save money on your bills, it's good for the environment, too, says Tracy. __5__. Removing devices when they're not in use and turning off lights are very useful. You can save $70 each month.‎ ‎●Grow your own vegetables Grow yourself your own little garden and save money, while also eating healthier.“The more you grow, the more you save，” says Hayduchok. He recommends planting a small piece of land in your yard or sunny spot in your home.‎ A．Eat more healthily and cheaply B．It starts your day more effectively C．We are all in a rush in the morning D．You can save about $200 each month E．Invite friends over instead of going out F．You can make your own for 20 cents per cup G．There are a few painless ways to cut your bill - 18 -‎ ‎课时练(二)　语言知识运用·组块专练——练准度 ‎(限时：30分钟)‎ 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节　完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎[2020·重庆市七校联考]For years, couples have dedicated (把……专用于) a single “ring” finger of the left hand to romance when any other finger would do. A case for the left side, the strong side? __1__ according to history.‎ In the Middle Ages, getting caught writing with one's left hand could earn __2__ of being abnormal and in Spain, lefthanded people might even get severe __3__. In fact, the strong dislike of the left hand touched many __4__， from some countries against shaking left hands with people, to the __5__ in ancient Japan that any wife who didn't use her right hand could be __6__ divorced on the spot. So why do we __7__ a finger on the left hand to symbolize lasting love?‎ Past __8__ wasn't all bad. The union of __9__ and the nowstandard ring placement can be __10__ back to secondcentury Egyptians who falsely believed that “a certain most fragile __11__” began in the fourth finger of the left hand and went directly to the heart. Centuries later, the Romans came to a(n) __12__ conclusion.But they were convinced that a “lover's vein (静脉)” — in __13__ of a nerve — connected this finger with the organ that __14__ blood. During the Roman engagement (订婚) process, a rich man who could __15__ a ring would put it on his bridetobe's fourth finger. The modern world may have __16__ that custom from the Romans.‎ Until the seventeenth century, European couples __17__ wore their rings on the right hand. But in 1549, an English reformer used wedding rings as a way to __18__ the tradition. He published a book, which instructs couples to abandon a centuriesold __19__ by slipping their wedding rings over the left hand's fourth finger. Before long, couples throughout the continent __20__. ‎ ‎　‎ ‎1．A.Maybe B．Indeed C．Sure D．Not ‎2．A.accusations B．debates - 18 -‎ C．discriminations D．anxieties ‎3．A.blame B．hate C．punishment D．disapproval ‎4．A.families B．groups C．cultures D．traditions ‎5．A.concept B．expectation C．struggle D．opinion ‎6．A.legally B．wisely C．privately D．probably ‎7．A.justify B．arrange C．reward D．favor ‎8．A.belief B．behavior C．history D．experience ‎9．A.fondness B．duty C．marriage D．religion ‎10．A.put B．traced C．rooted D．held ‎11．A.organ B．finger C．soul D．nerve ‎12．A.contrary B．accurate C．similar D．mistaken ‎13．A.place B．consequence C．view D．advance ‎14．A.purifies B．produces C．absorbs D．pumps ‎15．A.possess B．afford C．make D．value ‎16．A.promoted B．adopted C．based D．developed ‎17．A.normally B．ridiculously C．politely D．romantically ‎18．A.obey B．break C．create D．prevent ‎19．A.restriction B．habit - 18 -‎ C．practice D．feeling ‎20．A.took the lead B．cut a deal C．poured into D．followed suit 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎[2020·济南高三模拟]Paper cutting was recognized as our national intangible cultural heritage (遗产) in 2006. According to experts, paper cutting conveys the culture shared between China __1__foreign countries to wish for family reunions and maintain links with loved ones, alive or dead.‎ In the movie Coco, for instance, the 12yearold Miguel and his family dance and sing to celebrate a __2__ (tradition) festival in Mexico, when colorful paper cuttings are hung on the street. Chinese people also cut images of small figures __3__ (commemorate) their family who have passed away. The difference is that most Chinese paper cuttings are red, while those in other countries __4__ (be) often made in many other colors.‎ The fairy tale writer Hans Christian Andersen liked to cut __5__ (character), such as princesses, out of paper while __6__ (tell) stories to children. In China, female friends and family members used to chat and make paper cuttings together.‎ ‎“__7__ the patterns and colors may be different, paper cuttings share the same function of maintaining emotional ties among people，” says Yang Huizi, __8__ art teacher at Beijing Union University. ‎ Yang __9__ (study) and performed the art for over a decade. Besides routine university courses, she also organizes nonprofit paper cutting activities __10__ are open to the public in Beijing to promote basic knowledge of paper cutting.‎ 课时练(三)　写作强化增分·组块专练——练规范 ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ 写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎[2020·大连高三一模]‎ Dear Steven，‎ From your letter, I know it is hard for you to make friends. The following suggestions may be for some help to you.‎ To begin with, walking to your classmates and talk with them. After several talks,‎ - 18 -‎ ‎ you will happy find that they are likely to consider you as a warmheart person. Gradually, you will enjoy each other company. Besides, you'd better to give them a hand when they are in trouble. It is advisable to participate in different kind of activities, which you can communicate with different people.‎ ‎ All in all, follow my advice above, and you would find that it isn't big deal to make some friends.‎ Yours，‎ Jack 第二节　书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎[2019·湖北八市3月联考]假设你叫李华，在美国孔子学院(Confucius Institute)任教三年，现在你将回国，请用英文给同事们、同学们写一封感谢信。内容要点如下：‎ ‎1．对任教三年生活的怀念；‎ ‎2．对同事们、同学们的感谢；‎ ‎3．对同事们、同学们的祝福。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear teachers and fellow students，‎ In a couple of weeks，we'll have to say goodbye.How time flies！________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ That's all.Thank you.‎ Sincerely yours，‎ Li Hua - 18 -‎ 课时作业12‎ 课时练(一)‎ 阅读理解 第一节 ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四个较好的电影推荐引擎。‎ ‎1．D　考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Instead of just allowing you to rank films, Criticker compares your ratings to those of other users and see how closely your tastes match those of other users. Once the service finds matches, you can view these users' lists and see which movies they like”可知，Criticker不是仅允许你对电影进行排名，还将你的评分与其他用户的评分进行比较，看看你的品位与其他用户的品位的匹配程度；一旦该网站的服务系统找到与你的品位相匹配的用户，你可以查看这些用户的列表，并查看他们喜欢的电影。据此可以推判，作者最推荐的是Criticker，故D项正确。‎ ‎2．A　考查细节理解。根据最后一段第一句“Instead of just allowing you to rank films, Criticker compares your ratings to those of other users and see how closely your tastes match those of other users”可知，Criticker不是仅允许你对电影进行排名，还将你的评分与其他用户的评分进行比较，看看你的品位与其他用户的品位的匹配程度。据此可知，Criticker的特别之处在于它能比较用户的评分，故A项正确。‎ ‎3．C　考查主旨大意。通读全文内容，并根据文章第一段“There are dozens of movie recommendation engines on the Web. They're all different, but some are definitely better than others”可知，本文主要介绍了四个较好的电影推荐引擎，故C项正确。‎ - 18 -‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了一堂非洲社会学课引出了一部分人对非洲的误解，而主人公经过实地考察后消除了之前对非洲地理文化的误解。‎ ‎4．D　考查词义猜测。根据下段提到的非洲拥有人类最古老的文明之一——埃及文明以及常识可知，此处表示非洲是人类的摇篮。cradle意为“摇篮”，且结合选项可知，此处cradle引申为“重要事物的发源地”，故选D项。‎ ‎5．C　考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“When it comes to the natural environment of Africa, our misunderstandings are only bigger. But the truth is that...”可知，当提及非洲时，我们对它的误解很大。而第四段中也列举了非洲与我们想象中的不同之处。由此可知，我们对非洲有误解，真实的情况和我们想象中的有所不同，故选C项。‎ ‎6．A　考查推理判断。根据第五段的内容尤其本段第一句可知，本文的主人公亲自游览非洲后，才对非洲有了真正的了解。由此可知，她会同意“眼见为实”这一观点，故选A项。‎ ‎7．B　考查主旨大意。综观全文可知，本文主人公之前对非洲有很多误解，但亲自游览非洲后，才对非洲有了正确且深入的了解，消除了之前对非洲的误解。B项最能总结本篇文章的主题，适合作本文的标题，故选B项。‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了食物和文化之间的联系。‎ ‎8．B　考查细节理解。根据第一段第二、三句“On an individual level, we grow up eating the food of our culture. It becomes a part of who we are”，再根据第二段的第二句“It also operates as an expression of culture identity”可知，文章中提到的食物的作用是显示国家身份，故选B项。‎ ‎9．A　考查词义猜测。通读第二段可知，传统食物是文化的一个重要部分，它显示了文化身份，移民不管去哪儿都带着它，它象征着对自己文化的骄傲，也是排解乡愁的方法。由此可推知，it指代传统食物，故选A项。‎ ‎10．C　考查细节理解。根据第三段的第四、五句“Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to make small changes about the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers”可知，移民不仅把菜肴卖给来自相同国家的人，而且卖给不同国家的人。为了使菜肴受到顾客的欢迎，一些移民不得不改变传统的菜肴，故选C项。‎ ‎11．B　考查观点态度。根据最后一段的第一句“We should embrace our heritage (传统) through our culture's food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food”可知，我们应该通过我们文化的食物来接受我们的传统，但也应该通过尝试其他文化的食物来了解更多文化。由此可推知，作者对不同的食物文化持客观公正的态度，故选B项。‎ - 18 -‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文用一首诗歌引出话题，然后通过传说介绍了英国下午茶的来历。比较正式的下午茶除了有许多好吃的东西之外，在礼节和服饰方面也有一定的风俗习惯。‎ ‎12．A　考查推理判断。本文作者在开头引用了一首诗歌，联系诗歌后面的“The poem best identifies the passion for tea in Britain.”及下文的介绍可以推知，引用诗歌的目的是为了引出本文话题。故选A项。‎ ‎13．A　考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句“Around that time, kerosene lamps were introduced into wealthier homes and eating a late dinner (around 8 or 9 p．m.) became fashionable.”及下文内容可知，煤油灯的使用使人们的晚饭用餐时间更晚，因此人们开始在下午享用下午茶，即煤油灯的使用导致了下午茶的产生。故选A项。‎ ‎14．B　考查细节理解。根据第二段最后的“The idea of an afternoon tea gathering spread across high society and became a favorite pastime of females for leisure.”可知，那时候女士们在闲暇时间通过下午茶消磨时间，是其最重要的一个特征。故选B项。‎ ‎15．D　考查主旨大意。本文主要介绍了英国下午茶的起源和发展，包括礼节、服装和食品，不同起源的下午茶被称为“high tea”或者“low tea”，故D项为最佳答案。‎ 第二节 ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。在日常生活中，通过自己动手制作咖啡、自带食物上班、自己栽种蔬菜等方式，可以节省部分开支。‎ ‎1．F　根据空前“Think about how much you pay for that fancy latte (拿铁咖啡) with special milk each morning”可知，每日买一杯拿铁咖啡，可能要花一笔钱，但是我们可以自己制作拿铁咖啡，达到省钱的目的，故选F项。‎ ‎2．C　根据该段小标题“Bring breakfast and lunch to work”以及空后的Therefore及语境可知，之所以购买早餐与午餐，是因为早上时间比较紧，没法自己准备，故选C项。‎ ‎3．E　根据文章结构和空处所处位置可知，空处为本段的小标题。根据该段的内容，尤其是“If you meet up with four friends twice a month”可知，该部分讲述的是可以邀请朋友在家里吃饭，而不是外出就餐，故选E项。‎ ‎4．D　根据该段内容可知，该段主要讲在家吃饭比外出吃饭要省钱；又根据本段最后一句中的“twice a month, that's about $100 once right there, not including drinks”可知，D项符合语境。‎ ‎5．G　该空前一句讲的是节能的好处，空后讲的是具体在哪些方面可以节能省钱，故G项承上启下，符合语境。‎ 课时练(二)‎ 语言知识运用 第一节 ‎【语篇解读】　本文是说明文，主要介绍了结婚戒指戴在左手无名指上这一做法的起源。‎ - 18 -‎ ‎【熟词生义】　adopt常用义：v.采用；领养　本句义：v.承袭(风俗)‎ 例句：Immigrants tend to adopt the customs and practices of the host society gradually.移民往往会逐渐承袭移居国家的风俗习惯。‎ slip常用义：v.滑倒；溜　本句义：v.迅速放置 例句：The shy kid slipped his hand into his mother's.这个害羞的孩子悄悄把手伸过去，让他妈妈握住。‎ ‎1．D　上文提到“多年来，夫妇们都是把象征爱情的戒指戴在左手无名指上，虽然其他任何手指也可以履行这一职责。难道是因为左手是更好的那只手吗？”，根据下文内容可知，此处应表示“历史上可不是这样说的”。故用Not。‎ ‎2．A　在中世纪，被发现用左手写字会面临行为失常的“指控(accusations)”。debate“辩论，争论”；discrimination“区别，辨别”；anxiety“忧虑”。‎ ‎3．C　在西班牙，惯用左手的人甚至很可能受到“严惩(punishment)”。句中的even暗示此处应比前一种情况更严重。blame“责备”；hate“厌恶”；disapproval“不赞成”。‎ ‎4．C　根据下文所举的两个例子可知，古人对左手的厌恶涉及多国“文化(cultures)”。‎ ‎5．B　在古代日本，不使用右手的妻子预计要当场被合法地判离婚。expectation“预料，预期，期待”，符合语境。concept“概念”；struggle“斗争，努力”；opinion“意见，看法”。‎ ‎6．A　参见上题解析。legally“法律上，合法地”；wisely“明智地”；privately“私下地”；probably“很可能”。‎ ‎7．D　那么我们为什么赞成(favor)左手的一根手指来象征永恒的爱呢？justify“证明……有道理”；arrange“安排”；reward“奖赏”。‎ ‎8．A　根据下文的内容可知，此处表示“过去的看法也不全都是不好的”。故选belief“看法，信念”。‎ ‎9．C　“婚姻(marriage)”和现行的戒指佩戴位置的结合可以追溯到2世纪的埃及人身上。‎ ‎10．B　参见上题解析。trace... back to...“追溯……到……”。‎ ‎11．D　当时埃及人误以为“某个最脆弱的神经”从左手第四根手指开始，一直延伸到心脏。下文中的“in __13__ of a nerve”是提示。‎ ‎12．C　几世纪后，罗马人也得出了“相似的(similar)”结论，但是罗马人认为把左手无名指和输送血液的器官连接起来的不是神经，而是“爱人的静脉”。contrary“相反的”；accurate“准确的”；mistaken“错误的”。‎ ‎13．A　参见上题解析。in place of“代替”；in consequence of“由于”；in view of“鉴于”；in advance of“在……前，预先”。‎ ‎14．D　此处表示“输送血液的器官”，即上文提到的“the - 18 -‎ ‎ heart”，故用pump表示“用泵(或泵样器官等)输送”。purify“净化”；produce“制造”；absorb“吸收”。‎ ‎15．B　根据前面的“rich”可知，此处应是表示“买得起戒指的富人”，故用afford。‎ ‎16．B　现代社会可能从罗马人那里“承袭(adopted)”了这种风俗。‎ ‎17．A　一直到17世纪，欧洲夫妇“通常(normally)”都将戒指戴在右手上。ridiculously“荒谬地”；politely“有礼貌地”；romantically“浪漫地”。‎ ‎18．B　此处应用break和下文的abandon呼应，指的是“打破传统”。‎ ‎19．C　这本书指导夫妇们抛弃这种悠久的做法(practice)，鼓励他们把结婚戒指戴在左手无名指上。‎ ‎20．D　不久，全欧洲的夫妇们都仿效了这种做法。follow suit“仿效”，符合语境。take the lead“起带头作用”；cut a deal“达成协议”；pour into“涌入”。‎ 第二节 ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了剪纸的意义。‎ ‎1．and　考查连词。between... and...是固定搭配，意为“在……和……之间”，符合语境，故填and。‎ ‎2．traditional　考查形容词。修饰名词一般用形容词，所以用形容词traditional修饰名词festival，在句子中作定语，故填traditional。‎ ‎3．to commemorate　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是不定式作目的状语，故填to commemorate。‎ ‎4．are　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处为一般性描述，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知， make和主语those构成被动关系，应用被动语态，即be＋done的形式，且主语为复数，故填are。‎ ‎5．characters　考查名词。character是可数名词，根据空后的“such as princesses”可知，此处表示复数概念，故填characters。‎ ‎6．telling　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句主语“Hans Christian Andersen”和动词tell之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用tell的现在分词形式，填telling。‎ ‎7．Though/While/Although　考查连词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，前后句表示逻辑上的让步关系，故填Though/While/Although，意为“尽管”。‎ ‎8．an　考查冠词。“art teacher”是可数名词，第一次在语境中出现，是Yang Huizi的同位语，故用不定冠词修饰，且art的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。‎ ‎9．has studied　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“for over a decade”可知，本句用现在完成时，且主语为第三人称单数，故填has studied。‎ ‎10．that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“nonprofit paper cutting - 18 -‎ ‎ activities”，在从句中作主语，故用that/which来引导该定语从句，故填that/which。‎ 课时练(三)‎ 写作 第一节　短文改错 Dear Steven，‎ From your letter, I know it is hard for you to make friends. The following suggestions may be fo some help to you.‎ To begin with, walkin to your classmates and talk with them. After several talks, you will happ find that they are likely to consider you as a person. Gradually, you will enjoy each othe company. Besides, you'd better give them a hand when they are in trouble. It is advisable to participate in different of activities, which或 you can communicate with different people.‎ All in all, follow my advice above, and you find that it isn't big deal to make some friends.‎ Yours，‎ Jack ‎①for改为of　be of＋名词＝be＋形容词，故把for改为of。‎ ‎②walking改为walk　分析句子结构可知，此处是祈使句，动词原形放前面，句子主语you被省略。‎ ‎③happy改为happily　修饰动词一般用副词，故用happily，修饰动词find，在句子中作状语。‎ ‎④warmheart改为warmhearted　修饰名词一般用形容词，故用形容词warmhearted修饰名词person，在句子中作定语。warmhearted“友好的”。‎ ‎⑤other改为other's　company在本句中是名词，意为“陪伴”，此处表示“渐渐的，你会享受彼此的陪伴”，故把other改为other's。‎ ‎⑥删除to　had better do sth.“最好做某事”后跟动词原形。‎ ‎⑦kind改为kinds　根据其前的“different”和其后的“activities”可知，此处表示“不同种类的活动”，为复数概念，故用名词复数形式。‎ ‎⑧which前加in或which改为where　分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词activities。故用in which或where引导该定语从句。‎ - 18 -‎ ‎⑨would改为will　分析句子结构可知，此处是“祈使句＋连词＋主语＋will＋do”结构，由此可知，应用一般将来时，故would应改为will。‎ ‎⑩big前加a　根据语境可知，此处表示你将发现交到一些朋友没有什么大不了的，故应用“it isn't a big deal”表示。‎ 第二节　书面表达 ‎【参考范文】‎ Dear teachers and fellow students，‎ In a couple of weeks，we'll have to say goodbye.How time flies! Gone will be the days when we are full of dreams and efforts.Now it's really hard for me to put my feelings into words.The past three years has been really a wonderful journey，full of laughter and tears.To make Confucius Institute more powerful and fruitful，our great teachers and dear students have contributed the time，energy，love and the whole heart.It's time to recall those beautiful days we spent together.You are the very person that gives me a hand when necessary.Here，I'm extremely grateful for all that you，dear teachers and students，have done for me.‎ It'll soon be the time for us to depart，though unwillingly.I still have thousands of blessings for you.May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe!‎ That's all.Thank you.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua - 18 -‎