2019届高三英语一轮（浙江专用）复习考点强化练 37（选修8　UNIT 2） 6页

考点强化练 37(选修 8 Unit 2) 考点强化练第 73页 Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2017·9月浙江宁波十校联考) What is the nature of the scientific attitude,the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics,biology,chemistry,geology,engineering,medicine or any other science? We all know that science plays an important role in our societies.However,many people believe that our progress depends on two different aspects of science.The first aspect is the application of the machines,products and systems of knowledge that scientists and technologists develop.The second is the application of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work. What are these special methods of thinking and acting?First of all,it seems that a successful scientist is curious—he wants to find out how and why the universe works.He usually pays attention to problems which he notices have no satisfying explanation,and looks for relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected.Moreover,he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves. He is a good observer,accurate,patient and objective and uses the facts he observes to the fullest.For example,trained observers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum(光谱). He does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available.He rejects authority as the only basis for truth.Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively. Furthermore,he does not readily accept his own idea,since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation. Lastly,he is full of imagination since he often has to look for relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete.Furthermore,he needs imagination if he wants to guess how processes work and how events take place. These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。社会的进步依赖于科技的进步和应用,科技的应用涉及两方 面,一是科学家所研发的机器、产品和知识体系,二是科学家在研究中特别的思考和行为模式。本文 主要介绍了科学家在科学研究中的思考和行为模式。 1.Which of the following statements about a curious scientist is WRONG? A.He focuses on the problems that have no reasonable explanations. B.He makes efforts to investigate potential connections. C.He is interested in condition-improving and problem-solving. D.He rejects authority as he believes himself to be the only reliable one. 答案 D 解析细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知,A、B、C三项均为正确选项。根据第五、六段可知,科学家 拒绝把权威作为事实的依据,而是以客观和公正的事实依据为基础,故 D项错误。 2.According to the passage,a successful scientist would . A.easily appreciate others’ research work B.easily believe in unchecked statements C.always accept authority as the only basis for truth D.always use evidence from observation to the fullest 答案 D 解析细节理解题。根据第四段“He is a good observer,accurate,patient and objective and uses the facts he observes to the fullest.”可知,D项正确。 3.Which word can be used to describe the author’s attitude that a good scientist holds towards the scientific research? A.Objective and careful. B.Curious and casual. C.Cautious and arrogant. D.Subjective and down-to-earth. 答案 A 解析细节理解题。根据第五段“He rejects authority as the only basis for truth.Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively.”可知,一名优秀科学家的态度是非常严谨和 客观的,故选 A项。 4.What does the passage mainly discuss? A.Key to a successful scientist. B.Scientists’ ways of thinking and acting. C.Progress in modern science. D.Application of modern technology. 答案 B 解析主旨大意题。根据最后一段“These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts.”可知,文章主要谈了科学家的思考和行为模式,故选 B项。 〚导学号 29402157〛 Ⅱ.完形填空 Due to a car crash,Tony Smith,a 14-year-old boy became disabled.Doctors told him he had a 20 percent chance of 1 high school.Yet eight years later,Tony achieved the nearly 2 with the help of a man,50 years older than Tony. The families were not 3 —the Greens had moved to the area just nine months earlier.But when Ernest Green,a(n) 4 worker,heard about Tony’s accident and the fact 5 his parents would not be able to care full-time for their son,he offered to 6 the boy while they were at work.The Smiths 7 accepted.Tony,now 23,says it was hard for him to 8 then “how someone I didn’t know would drop everything to help me”. Ernest sought training to care for Tony and then began arriving at the Smiths’ home early on 9 mornings.At first,the age difference was a challenge—one like rap, 10 didn’t.But they learned to 11 .“Older folks are just older versions of you,”says Tony. Some days were better than others.“He can’t do for himself,so he can be 12 ,”says Ernest.But he admits that Tony’s strong will got him through 13 time. Tony graduated from high school with the rest of his class and was 14 to nearby High Point University.Ernest 15 him to every class.“The first year was interesting,”Ernest 16 .“Tony didn’t want to stand out.”Ernest,on the other hand,says he took full 17 of the opportunity,taking notes and often 18 in class. On graduation day,Ernest received an honorary 19 in humanities(人文学科).“I was surprised,”he says. Tony wasn’t 20 .“Ernest is a godly example of the way a man should live—calm,and modest,”he says. Today the two friends don’t see as much of each other.But they will always have a relationship. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。14岁的 Tony在一次车祸后成了残疾人,一位已经退休的邻 居主动帮忙照顾 Tony,直到其大学毕业。两人不仅克服困难,迎接挑战,还成了彼此欣赏的好朋友。 1.A.choosing B.finishing C.joining D.leaving 答案 B 解析根据文章开头可知,由于车祸,14岁的 Tony成了残疾人。根据下句中转折连词“Yet”可以推测,当 时医生告诉他他只有 20%的可能性能完成高中学业。故选 B项。 2.A.impossible B.possible C.useful D.useless 答案 A 解析根据第五段第一句中的“Tony graduated from high school with the rest of his class”可推知,残疾后 的 Tony完成了几乎不可能的事,即完成高中学业。故选 A项。 3.A.known B.prepared C.acquainted D.selected 答案 C 解析根据下文中的“the Greens had moved to the area just nine months earlier”可知,这两家并不是很熟 悉。acquainted意为“熟悉的”,符合语境。故选 C项。 4.A.retired B.experienced C.appointed D.relaxed 答案 A 解析上文提到,Tony是在一个比他大 50岁的人的帮助下做成了不可能做成的事,下文提到,Tony的父 母去上班时 Tony由 Ernest照顾;由此可推知,Ernest是一位退休工人。故选 A项。 5.A.what B.how C.that D.which 答案 C 解析“the fact”和后面的从句“他的父母不能把全部时间都用来照顾他们的儿子”之间是同位关系,从 句成分、意义均完整,因此用 that引导这个同位语从句。故选 C项。 6.A.look through B.look after C.look into D.look up 答案 B 解析上文提到,Tony的父母不能把全部时间都用来照顾他们的儿子,因此 Ernest主动提出照顾这个男 孩。故选 B项。 7.A.generously B.curiously C.naturally D.gratefully 答案 D 解析 Ernest主动提出帮忙照顾 Tony,因此 Smith夫妇应该是很感激地接受。故选 D项。 8.A.wonder B.understand C.realize D.notice 答案 B 解析此处是指现在 23岁的 Tony说,对于 14岁的他来说很难理解为什么一位素不相识的人会放下自 己的一切来帮助他。understand意为“理解”,符合语境。故选 B项。 9.A.spring B.winter C.weekend D.weekday 答案 D 解析根据第二段中的“he offered to the boy while they were at work”可知,Ernest是在 Tony的父 母去上班时照顾他,也就是工作日。故选 D项。 10.A.the other B.other C.another D.others 答案 A 解析此处提到的年龄差距是指 Tony和 Ernest两个人的年龄差距。one...the other指两者之间,表示 “(两者中的)一个……,另一个……”。故选 A项。 11.A.improve B.treat C.compromise D.complain 答案 C 解析上文提到,Tony和 Ernest两人的年龄差距太大,喜好也不同,由此结合空格前的“But”可推知,他俩 学着妥协,以此来缩小差距。故选 C项。 12.A.demanding B.confusing C.amusing D.satisfying 答案 A 解析根据上文中的“He can’t do for himself”可知,因为有些事 Tony不能自己做,所以 Tony有时会沮 丧,不好相处。故选 A项。 13.A.good B.tough C.regular D.private 答案 B 解析上文提到了 Tony因车祸成了残疾人,故此处 Ernest讲到是 Tony的坚强意志使他度过了困难时 期。故选 B项。 14.A.moved B.sent C.persuaded D.admitted 答案 D 解析根据空格后的“to nearby High Point University”可知,此处指 Tony被附近的 High Point大学录取。 短语 be admitted to...意为“被……录取”。故选 D项。 15.A.drove B.showed C.accompanied D.recommended 答案 C 解析此处指 Tony上了大学后,Ernest也陪着他去上每一堂课,这也是下文提到的 Ernest获得人文学科 的名誉学位的原因。故选 C项。 16.A.writes B.believes C.predicts D.recalls 答案 D 解析上下文都是 Ernest在谈论 Tony上大学时的事,所以此处应为 Ernest回忆说。故选 D项。 17.A.action B.effect C.time D.advantage 答案 D 解析根据下文中的“taking notes”可知,此处应指 Ernest说 Tony充分利用机会做笔记。固定结构 take advantage of意为“利用”。故选 D项。 18.A.sleeping B.working C.commenting D.lecturing 答案 C 解析根据上文可知,Tony不想表现得很突出,但 Ernest却正好相反,因此很容易排除 A项;B项意为“工 作”,在课堂上工作是不可能的;D项意为“做演讲”,在此场合不合适;C项意为“发表意见”,他经常在班 上发表意见符合语境和逻辑。故选 C项。 19.A.degree B.payment C.gift D.reward 答案 A 解析根据本句中的“in humanities(人文学科)”和“honorary”可知,此处应指 Ernest获得了人文学科的名 誉学位。故选 A项。 20.A.excited B.surprised C.worried D.honored 答案 B 解析上文提到,Ernest为自己获得学位而感到惊讶,而 Tony却说“对于人们应该具有的品质——冷静、 谦虚而言,Ernest是一个神圣的榜样”;由此可知,Tony对 Ernest获得学位这件事并没有感到惊讶。故 选 B项。 〚导学号 29402158〛 Ⅲ.概要写作 阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇 60词左右的内容概要。 Five years ago,my father and I had a heated disagreement and really never resolved it since that time.We avoided seeing each other unless we had to be at family gatherings.But even then,we hardly spoke to each other. Last Tuesday I convinced myself I was going to tell my father I loved him.I called my dad to see if I could come over.When he answered the phone,I just said,“Dad,can I come over after work tonight?I have something to tell you.”My dad responded,“Now what?”I assured him it wouldn’t take long,so he finally agreed. I came to my parents’ house,praying Dad would answer the door.I was afraid that if Mom answered I would chicken out and tell her instead.But as luck would have it,Dad did answer the door. “Dad,I just came over to tell you that I love you.” It was as if a transformation came over my dad.His face softened,and the wrinkles seemed to disappear.He hugged me and said,“I love you too,son,but I’ve never been able to say it.” It was such a precious moment that I didn’t want to move.Dad and I hugged for a moment longer and then I left. Two days later,my dad,who had heart problems,but didn’t tell me,had an attack and ended up in the hospital,unconscious.I don’t know if he’ll make it. So my message to all of you in this is:Don’t wait to do the things you know need to be done.What if I had waited to tell my dad—maybe I will never get the chance again!Take the time to do what you need to do and do it now! 参考范文 There was a time when the relation between Father and me was tense.(要点 1)Finally I decided to make peace with him.(要点 2)After fierce struggle I picked up all my courage to tell him I loved him.(要 点 3)After two days,Father was badly ill in hospital,senseless,which left me in sorrow and in relief.(要点 4)In our life,don’t delay what you should do today.(要点 5) 〚导学号 29402159〛