新课标人教版 2018届高三英语二轮复习跟踪强化训练16 11页

跟踪强化训练(十六)‎ A ‎(2017·山东省潍坊中学高三上学期开学考试)You use her as a shoulder to cry on.She texts you back with casual jokes.But she，Xiaoice，is only a virtual chatbot(虚拟聊天机器人)．‎ Xiaoice，Microsoft's latest artificial intelligence robot，was briefly released in 2014，and returned to WeChat in 2015，where she_became_a_big_hit.Millions of young Chinese now exchange messages with her daily，The New York Times reported.On WeChat，Xiaoice is an official account.After following it，users can start text－based conversations with Xiaoice.‎ ‎“Her incredible learning ability was why people loved to talk with Xiaoice，” Liu Jinchang，a researcher at High－tech Research and Development Center under the Ministry of Science and Technology，told China Daily.Apart from her ability to identify photos and send emojis(表情符号) in conversations，Xiaoice gains 45 per cent of her knowledge from interacting with users，China Daily reported.‎ Chatbot programs first appeared in the mid－1960s in the US.Driven by top tech companies，they are becoming smarter and more common.For instance，IBM's latest artificial intelligence program served as an academic consultant at Australia's Deakin University，answering students' questions about course schedules and financial aid.Apple's Siri and Amazon's Alexa have been used as voice assistants who can read news，play music and even make jokes for their users.‎ These programs are expected to move beyond smartphones，into televisions，cars and living rooms，The New York Times pointed out.However，it may take decades before scientists develop a “Samantha”，the advanced chatbot seen in the fiction film Her.In the film，Samantha has a romantic relationship with her user played by US actor Joaquin Phoenix.Many viewers were enthusiastic about this fantasy of virtual soul mates.‎ 语篇解读：本文讲述的是人工智能程序的发展情况。列举了微信上的聊天程序大受欢迎，IBM的人工智能程序能成为顾问，但是目前这种程序主要应用在智能手机上，人们期待它将来可以在手机以外的地方使用。‎ ‎1．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ A．She became a best seller.‎ B．She became very powerful.‎ C．She became a money maker.‎ D．She became very popular.‎ ‎[解析]　推理判断题。根据 she_became_a_big_hit.Millions of young Chinese now exchange messages with her daily可知，她在微信上大受欢迎，很多中国人都喜欢与她聊天，故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎2．Which of the following can Xiaoice do?‎ A．Do housework.‎ B．Spread messages.‎ C．Identify various photos.‎ D．Read news to its users.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第三段中her ability to identify photos and send emojis(表情符号)可知，她有能力分辨照片和发送表情符号，故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎3．Which company's chatbot program can act as an academic consultant?‎ A．Microsoft.　　　　　　 B．IBM.‎ C．Apple. D．Amazon.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第四段中IBM's latest artificial intelligence program served as an academic consultant可知，IBM的最新人工智能程序可以作为学术顾问，故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎4．What can be learned from the last paragraph?‎ A．Chatbots will be applied to cars soon.‎ B．Chatbots mainly run on smartphones now.‎ C．Samantha is played by a US actor in the film.‎ D．The film Her doesn't interest many audience.‎ ‎[解析]　推理判断题。根据最后一段中These programs are expected to move beyond smartphones，into televisions，cars and living ‎ rooms，可知，人们期待这些程序除了智能手机之外，也能应用在电视、汽车、起居室等地，所以目前是主要应用在智能手机上，故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B B ‎(2017·甘肃兰州一中高三9月考)‎ The Process of Ageing At the age of twelve years，the human body is at its most vigorous.It has yet to reach its full size and strength，and its owner his or her full intelligence; but at this age the possibility of death is least.Earlier，we were infants and young children，and consequently more vulnerable (易受伤的); later，we shall undergo a progressive loss of our vigorous and resistance which，though vague at first，will finally become so steep that we can live no longer，however well we look after ourselves，and however well society，and our doctors，look after us.‎ This decline in vigorous with the passing of time is called ageing.It is one of the most unpleasant discoveries which we all make that we must decline in this way，that if we escape wars，accidents and disease we shall eventually “die of old age”，and that this happens at a rate which differs little from person to person，so that there are heavy odds in favor of our dying between the ages of sixty－five and eighty.Some of us will die sooner，a few will live longer—on into a ninth or tenth decade.But the chances are against it，and there is a virtual limit on how long we can hope to remain alive，however lucky and physically strong we are.‎ Normal people tend to forget this process unless and until they are reminded of it.We are so familiar with the fact that man ages，that people have ‎ for years assumed that the process of losing vigorous with time，of becoming more likely to die the older we get，was something self－evident，like the cooling of a hot kettle or the wearing－out of a pair of shoes.They have also assumed that all animals，and probably other organisms such as trees，or even the universe itself，must in the nature of things “wear out”．‎ Most animals we commonly observe do in fact age as we do，if given the chance to live long enough; and mechanical systems like a wound (上发条的) watch，or the sun，do in fact ran out of energy in accordance with the second law of thermodynamics (热力学)．But these are not similar or equivalent to what happens when man ages.A run－down watch is still a watch and can be rewound.An old watch，by contrast，becomes so worn and unreliable that it eventually is not worth mending.But a watch could never repair itself—it does not consist of living parts，only of metal，which wears away by friction (摩擦)．We could，at one time，repair ourselves—well enough，at least，to overcome all but the most instantly fatal illnesses and accidents.Between twelve and eighty years we gradually lose this power，an illness which at twelve would knock us over，at eighty can knock us out，and into our grave.If we could stay as vigorous as we are at twelve，it would take about 700 years for half of us to die，and another 700 for the survivors to be reduced by half again.‎ 语篇解读：本文围绕“衰老”这一话题展开叙述。首段指出人体生命力变化的抛物线趋势，12岁最为旺盛；第2～3段讲到了人类衰老的不可抗拒性；最后一段以例证说明人类和手表等机械装置的“衰老”过程有较大的区别。‎ ‎5．What can be learned from this passage is that ________.‎ A．people usually are unhappy when they are reminded of ageing B．children reach their full intelligence at the age of twelve years C．people are usually more likely to die at the age of twelve years D．our first twelve years represent the peak of human development ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据各选项内容定位到第1、2段。根据第1段第2句可知，人在长到12岁时 身体各个方面包括身材、力量和智力都还有待发展和完善，所以排除B、D。根据第1段第2句句末的内容可推测。根据第一段中but at this age the possibility of death is least可知，C项错误；根据第二段第 二句It is one of the most unpleasant discoveries which we all make that we must decline in this way...可知，老化是最让人不愉快的发现之一，故当人们想起老化的时候，他们通常是不快乐的。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎6．The underlined word “it” in the last sentence of Paragraph 2 refers to ________.‎ A．remaining alive until 65‎ B．dying before 65 or after 80‎ C．remaining alive after 80‎ D．dying between 65 and 80‎ ‎[解析]　代词指代题。根据第二段中Some of us will die sooner，a few will live longer—on into a ninth or tenth decade.But the chances are against it，“有些人逝去得早些，而少数人可以活到90多岁至100岁”‎ ‎， it所在句出现的But以及下文“我们所能期望的寿命实际上是有限度的”提示，it应该指代前面出现的“长寿”。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎7．What does “ageing” mean according to the passage?‎ A．It is a fact that people cannot live any longer.‎ B．It refers to a gradual loss of vigor and resistance.‎ C．It is usually a phenomenon of dying at an old age.‎ D．It is a period when people are easily attacked by illness.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据ageing及各选项内容定位到第1、2段。根据第2段第1句对ageing的概括以及第1段第3句后半部分对 ageing的诠释，可知B为本题答案。C、D实际上是衰老过程的两个方面，因此C、D表述都是相对片面的，可排除；通过文中的叙述可知，衰老是一个过程，而不仅是一个简单事实，故A项不恰当，也可排除。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎8．What do the examples of the watch refer to in the last paragraph?‎ A．Normally people are quite familiar with the ageing process.‎ B．The law of thermodynamics functions in the ageing process.‎ C．All animals and other organisms undergo the ageing process.‎ D．Human's ageing process is different from that of mechanisms.‎ ‎[解析]　‎ 推理判断题。根据题干中的watch定位到第4段。第4段中间部分指出：破损的手表也有不能修理的时候，由于自身的金属构造，手表不能像人类的身体那样进行自我修复，而人类的自我修复还可以在一定程度上缓解病痛、延长生命。这就表明人类和手表等机械装置的“衰老”过程有较大的区别，故选D。A、B与手表的例子无关，可首先排除；虽然热力学定律适用于手表等机械装置，但文中例子并没有传达出C的意思，故C也可排除。‎ ‎[答案]　D C ‎(2017·重庆11中高三9月月考)Dyslexia is a problem that restricts the ability to recognize words and connect sounds with letters when people read.People with this learning disorder may also have problems when they write.Dyslexia is not related to eyesight or intelligence.The problem involves areas of the brain that process language.Brain scientists are studying whether they can predict which young children may struggle with reading to provide them with early help.John Gabrieli at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology is leading the study of five－year－olds in about twenty schools in the Boston area.‎ They studied in the schools with kindergartens.And for all the children joining in the study，they give them a brief set of paper－and－pencil tests to look at which children appear to be at some risk for struggling to read.So far，fifty of them have been examined in a scanner，a special machine，to show brain activity.Written tests are not always able to identify dyslexia or other problems，while brain scans may offer a more scientific way to identify problems.And with reading problems，early identification is important.When it comes to helping children overcome reading difficulties，the younger the ‎ child，the more effective they are.‎ Reading problems are not usually identified until a child is in the third or fourth grade.The later children are recognized as poor readers，the less treatment can help.And，as Professor Gabrieli points out，poor reading can make education a struggle.Reading is everything.Even math and science have textbooks.‎ While the children are given tasks related to reading，the brain scans measure the extent to which certain parts of the brain become active while the children do the work.The scientists say they are pleased with early results from the study，but have a long way to go.‎ 语篇解读：本文为一篇说明文。讲述了孩子诵读困难症的症状、研究及治疗的时期和必要性等内容。‎ ‎9．Dyslexia affects the part of brain concerning ________.‎ A．eyesight B．intelligence ‎ C．language D．emotion ‎[解析]　推理判断题。根据文章第一段前四句“Dyslexia is a problem that restricts the ability to recognize words and connect sounds with letters when people read.People with this learning distorder may also have problems when they write.Dyslexia is not related to eyesight or intelligence.The problem involve areas of the brain that process language.”可知排除A、B、D三项，故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎10．Dyslexia problems are more likely to be identified through ________.‎ A．speech contests B．reading efficiency ‎ C．listening comprehension D．brain scans ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句“While the children are given tasks related to reading，the brain scans measure the extent to which certain parts of the brain become active while the children do the work.”可知，这种脑部扫描仪是用来测量孩子阅读时脑部的活动程度的。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎11．According to the passage，which of the followings has the best time to overcome reading difficulties?‎ A．Tom，a boy in the kindergarten.‎ B．Kate，a high school leaver.‎ C．Jane，a primary school student.‎ D．Steve，a man in his thirties.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“And with reading problems，early identification is important.When it comes to...”及第三段前两句“Reading problems are not usually identified...The later children are recognized as poor readers，the less treatment can help.”可知，在克服孩子诵读困难这个问题上，时间很重要，越早越容易治疗，越晚就越没效果。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎12. What is the passage mainly about?‎ A．An effective way to identity Dyslexia at an early stage.‎ B．A learning disorder involving one's intelligence.‎ C．Dyslexia——a problem affecting one's reading and writing.‎ D．A possible solution to the problems related to Dyslexia.‎ ‎[解析]　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了孩子诵读困难症的症状、研究及治疗的时期和必要性等内容。并指出如果问题能被尽早发现，治疗起来会有更好的效果。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C