天津市河东区2020届高三学习检测英语试题 28页

河东区高三英语学科学生居家学习自我综合检测 本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）、第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试时间100分钟。第Ⅰ卷1至8页，第Ⅱ卷9至11页。‎ 第Ⅰ卷（选择题共95分）‎ I.单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ ‎1.—It’s too slow I think.‎ ‎— _______ . So we’d better make it faster for customers to receive their goods.‎ A. That’s ridiculous B. That’s the point C. That’s settled D. That’s all right ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我认为太慢了。——说到点上了。因此我们最好使顾客更快地收到他们的货物。A. That’s ridiculous太荒谬了；B. That’s the point说到点上了，那就对了；C. That’s settled就这么定了, 问题解决了；D. That’s all right没关系，不要紧。结合句意可知，第二个说话者应该是认可第一个人所说的话。故选B。‎ ‎2.Don’t leave any medicine on the table within _______ of kids under five.‎ A. stretch B. expand C. reach D. extend ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不要把药放在桌子上五岁以下儿童够得着的地方。A. stretch伸展，张开；B. expand扩大，扩张；C. reach手脚能够到的范围，区域；D. extend延伸，伸展。根据语境可知，此处是短语within reach of sb.“在某人够得着的范围之内”。故选C。‎ ‎3.One of the minners _______ underground for a long time last week.‎ A. was trapped B. have trapped C. has trapped D. were trapped ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：上周，其中一名矿工被困在地下很长时间。根据句意可知，此处应该是“被困在地下”，再结合时间状语last week 可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。‎ ‎4.I’m sure that your letter will get _______ attention. They know they are waiting for the reply.‎ A. general B. continued C. careful D. immediate ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我确定你的信会立刻引起注意。他们知道他们正在等待这个答复。A. general一般的；B. continued持续的；C. careful细心的；D. immediate即刻的，立刻的。根据后半句They know they are waiting for the reply.可知，他们知道他们正在等着这个答复，因此这封信立刻就会被注意到。故选D。‎ ‎5.—Which of the two stories do you like better?‎ ‎— _________ shorter one, of course. I think it’s really _______ most interesting one.‎ A. A; the B. The; a C. The; the D. A; a ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查冠词。句意：——这两个故事你更喜欢哪一个？——当然是短一些的那个故事。我认为它确实是一个非常有趣的故事。第一个空应该是用定冠词the表特指，特指两个故事中较短的一个；第二个空，两个故事作比较不能用最高级，此处为不定冠词与最高级连用，表“很，非常”之意。故选B。‎ ‎6.Jenny _______ have kept her word. I wonder why she changed her mind.‎ A. must B. should C. need D. would ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：詹妮本应该信守诺言的。我想知道她为什么改变主意。根据后半句I wonder why she changed her mind.可知，詹妮没有信守诺言，should have done sth.“本应该做某事却没做”符合句意。must have done过去一定做了；needn’t have done本没必要做某事却做了；would have done多用于虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】情态动词+have done 情态动词+have+done是历年高考的重点和难点之一，现将其用法总结归纳如下: ‎ must have done对过去的肯定推测译为“过去肯定做了……”。如：‎ It must have rained last night, for the road was quite wet. 昨晚肯定下雨了，因为路面十分潮湿。‎ can’t / couldn’t have done 对过去的否定推测译为“过去不可能做了……”。如：‎ He couldn’t have known the decision, but someone told him.他一定不知道这个决定，但是有人告诉他了。‎ could have done“本来能够做而没做”。如：‎ You could have made greater progress, but you didn’t try your best.你本能够取得更大进步，但是你并不尽力。‎ may/might (not) have done“可能（没有）做过某事”。如：‎ You may have dropped it when you were shopping in the market. ‎ 你或许是在买东西的时候掉了。‎ should /ought to have done“本来该做而没做”。如：‎ You should have come to school if you were really serious about your study.要是你对待学习认真的话，你本应该来上学的。 ‎ needn’t have done“本来不必做却做了”。如：‎ You needn't have telephone him, for he had known the result. 你本不必打电话给他，因为他已经知道结果。‎ 如本题，句意：詹妮本应该信守诺言的。我想知道她为什么改变主意。根据后半句I wonder why she changed her mind.(我想知道她为什么改变主意)可知，詹妮没有信守诺言，should have done sth.“本应该做某事却没做”符合句意。must have done过去一定做了；needn’t have done本没必要做某事却做了；would have done多用于虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设。故选B。‎ ‎7.—How did it _______ that you made so many mistakes in your homework?‎ ‎—I myself have had no idea about it.‎ A. bring about B. come about C. come across D. occur to ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——你在作业中犯了如此多的错误，这是怎么回事？——我自己真不知道。A. bring about导致，引起；B. come about发生，产生；C. come across偶遇；D. occur to被想起。 come about表示“发生、产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句，尤其是用于how does it come about?这是怎么回事？故选B。‎ ‎8.The retiring teacher made a speech _______ she thanked the class for the cooperation.‎ A. which B. of which C. in which D. that ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词+which引导的定语从句。句意：这位即将退休的老师做了一场演讲，在演讲中她感谢全班同学的合作。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句修饰先行词speech，把先行词代入到从句中可得到she thanked the class for the cooperation in the speech, 因此从句中缺地点状语，因此应用in which或where引导定语从句。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，是定语从句一种介词前置的定语从句句型，介词与关系代词之间存在一种介宾关系。当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，把介词置于关系代词前，即演变出“介词+关系代词”句型。例如：‎ The man who/whom /that you spoke to is a teacher.=The man to whom you spoke is a teacher.‎ 关系代词前介词选择三原则：一先，二动，三意义 ‎1.一先，即根据定语从句中介词与先行词的搭配关系选择。例如：‎ I never forget the day on which I came to this school. (on the day)‎ ‎2.二动，即根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择。例如：‎ This is the iPad on which I spent 3000 yuan. (spend money on sth.) 3.三意义，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。例如：‎ This is my pair of glasses, without which I cannot see clearly.‎ 在本题中，句意：这位即将退休的老师做了一场演讲，在演讲中她感谢全班同学的合作。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句修饰先行词speech，把先行词代入到从句中可得到she thanked the class for the cooperation in the speech, 因此从句中缺地点状语，因此应用in which或where引导定语从句。故选C。‎ ‎9.—How wide is the Yellow River?‎ ‎—That _______ from where to where.‎ A. depends B. changes C. refers D. lies ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：——黄河有多宽？——这取决于从哪里到哪里。A. depends取决于；B. changes变化，改变；C. refers提到；D. lies躺，说谎。结合句意可知，黄河的宽度在不同的地方宽度不一样，因此黄河的宽度取决于在哪个地方。故选A。‎ ‎10._______ from Why Do Cats Love Bookstores by Jason Diamond, the article was chosen as a part ‎ of the test paper.‎ A. Being adapted B. Adapted C. Being suited D. Suited ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查过去分词作定语。句意：改编自杰克逊·戴蒙德所写的《为什么猫喜欢书店》的这篇文章被选作试卷的一部分。结合句意可知，此处应用adapt“改编”，而不是suit“适合”； the article与adapt构成动宾关系，因此应用过去分词形式做定语，此处没有正在被改编的意思，因此A选项错误。故选B。‎ ‎11.—Shall I take this road or that one?‎ ‎—You can take _______ if you are not in a hurry.‎ A. either B. neither C. each D. both ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：——我该走这条路还是那条路？——如果你不急的话，你可以走任何一条。A. either(两者之中)任何一个；B. neither两者都不；C. each每一个；D. both两者都。根据上文Shall I take this road or that one?可知，此处是指两条路中任选一条路都可以。故选A。‎ ‎12.I’ll cancel my visit to the exhibition _______ you can come with me.‎ A. what B. because C. if D. unless ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：我将取消去展览会参观，除非你和我一起去。根据句意可知，本句是条件状语从句，选项中A选项what只能引导名词性从句；B选项 because引导原因状语从句，与句意不符；C选项 if意为“如果”，与句意不符；D选项unless意为“除非”，符合句意。故选D。‎ ‎13.—She missed her way to the new school again.‎ ‎— Really? _______ I’ve showed her the map twice.‎ A. And you? B. How come? C. How’s it going D. How about?‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——她又错过了通向新学校的路。——真的吗？怎么回事？我已经给她看过两次地图了。A. And you?你呢？B. How come为什么？怎么会这样？C. How’s it going情况进展的怎么样？最近情况好吗？D. How about? 你认为……怎样？根据Really?及I’ve showed her the map twice.可知，此处用How come表疑问或奇怪之意。故选B。‎ ‎14.What do you feel when _______ to yourself after your mobile phone battery runs out in the middle of a call?‎ A. leaving talking B. left talking C. being leaving talking D. being left talking ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查省略句和现在分词作宾补。句意：你的手机电池在通话过程中耗尽，让你自言自语的时候你是什么感受？leave sb. doing sth.“使某人处于做某事的状态”，宾语you提前做主语，因此用被动语态。所以句中when引导时间状语从句的完整形式是when you are left talking to yourself，从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且有be动词，因此省略从句的主语和be动词you are，构成when left talking to yourself。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】状语从句的省略需要同时具备下列两个条件:‎ ‎①主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it;‎ ‎②从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。例如:‎ When (the museum is) completed , the museum will be open to the public next year .‎ 当博物馆完成，该博物馆将于明年向公众开放。‎ He’ll go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is ) possible.‎ 如果可能，他将去海边度假的话 状语从句的省略现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中:‎ ‎①由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句;‎ ‎②由although, though, even if / though等引导的让步状语从句;‎ ‎③由when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引导的时间状语从句;‎ ‎④由as, as if等引导的方式状语从句;‎ ‎⑤由as, than等引导的比较状语从句。‎ 在本题中，句意：你的手机电池在通话过程中耗尽，让你自言自语的时候你是什么感受？leave ‎ sb. doing sth.使某人处于……的状态，宾语you提前做主语，因此用被动语态。所以句中when引导时间状语从句的完整形式是when you are left talking to yourself,从句的主语与主句的主语一致，因此省略从句的主语和be动词you are，构成when left talking to yourself。故选B。‎ ‎15._______ many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass, some are happy just to sit under the branches of the tree and enjoy the beauty of the world around them.‎ A. When B. Like C. As D. While ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查连接词辨析。句意：虽然许多英国人最喜欢的莫过于在周日割草，但有些人却喜欢坐在树枝下欣赏世界的美景。A. When当……时；B. Like像；C. As正如，因为，如同；D. While当……时，虽然，尽管。结合句意可知，此处为让步状语从句，选项D. While“虽然，尽管”，符合语境。故选D。‎ II. 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分．满分 30 分）‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 16 -35 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ An earthquake hit Kashmir on Oct. 8. It took some 75,000 lives, ___16___ 130,000 and left nearly 3.5 million without food, jobs or homes. ___17___ overnight, scores of tent villages bloomed ___18___ the region, tended by international aid organizations, military ranks and aid groups ___19___ day and night to shelter the survivors before winter set ___20___.‎ Luckily, the season was mild. But with the ___21___ of spring the refugees will be moved again. Camps that ___22___ health care, food and shelter for 150,000 survivors have begun to close as they were ___23___ intended to be permanent.‎ For most of the refugees, the thought of going back brings ___24___ emotions. The past six months have been difficult. Families of _____25_____ many as 10 people have had to shelter _____26_____ a single tent and share cookstoves and bathing _____27_____ with neighbors. “They are looking forward to the clean water of their rivers,” officials say. “They are _____28_____ of free fresh fruit. They want to get back to their herds and start _____29_____ again.” But most will be returning to _____30_____ but heaps of ruins. In many villages, electrical _____31_____ have not been repaired, nor have roads. Aid workers _____32_____ that it will take years to rebuild what the earthquake took _____33_____. And for the thousands of survivors, the _____34_____ will never be ‎ complete.‎ Yet the survivors have to start somewhere. New homes can be built onto the stones, bricks and beams of old ones. Spring is coming and it is a good time to _____35_____ again.‎ ‎16. A. injured B. ruined C. destroyed D. damaged ‎17. A. Altogether B. Almost C. Scarcely D. Surely ‎18. A. among B. above C. amid D. across ‎19. A. working B. playing C. fighting D. climbing ‎20. A. out B. in C. on D. off ‎21. A. falling B. emergence C. arrival D. appearing ‎22. A. strengthened B. aided C. transferred D. provided ‎23. A. never B. once C. ever D. yet ‎24. A. puzzled B. contrasted C. doubled D. mixed ‎25. A. like B. as C. too D. so ‎26. A. by B. below C. under D. with ‎27. A. facilities B. instruments C. implements D. appliances ‎28. A. seeking B. dreaming C. longing D. searching ‎29. A. producing B. cultivating C. farming D. nourishing ‎30. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing ‎31. A. lines B. channels C. paths D. currents ‎32. A. account B. measure C. estimate D. value ‎33. A. aside B. away C. up D. out ‎34. A. reservation B. retreat C. replacement D. recovery ‎35. A. start B. remain C. survive D. end ‎【答案】16. A 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. C 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了克什米尔地震给当地人民带来的破坏，以及幸存者在救援力量的帮助之下为开始新生活而进行的努力。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这场地震造成75000人死亡，13万人受伤，大约350万人处于无食物，无工作，无家可归的境地。A. injured受伤；B. ruined毁灭；C. destroyed破坏；D. damaged损害。根据常理可知，一般都是先介绍伤亡人数，前面介绍完地震造成的死亡人数，下面应该是指受伤人数。故选A。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：几乎一夜之间，大量的帐篷村在这个地区各处如雨后春笋般涌现，这些帐篷村由不分昼夜工作的国际救援组织，军事组织和救援队管理，在冬季来临之前为幸存者提供避难之处。A. Altogether完全地，总共；B. Almost几乎；C. Scarcely几乎不，简直不；D. Surely无疑；一定。根据句意可知，此处用almost强调时间之短。故选B。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查介词词义辨析。句意：几乎一夜之间，大量的帐篷村在这个地区各处如雨后春笋般涌现，这些帐篷村由不分昼夜工作的国际救援组织，军事组织和救援队管理，在冬季来临之前为幸存者提供避难之处。A. among (三者或三者以上)之间；B. above超过，在……上面；C. amid在其中，在其间；D. across穿过，横穿。此处across意为“遍及，在各处”，across the region“在这个地区各处”。故选D。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几乎一夜之间，大量的帐篷村在这个地区各处如雨后春笋般涌现，这些帐篷村由不分昼夜工作的国际救援组织，军事组织和救援队管理，在冬季来临之前为幸存者提供避难之处。A. working工作；B. playing扮演，演奏；C. fighting战斗；D. climbing攀爬。此处指国际救援组织，军事组织和救援队的成员夜以继日地工作，其他三个选项很明显与语境不符。故选A。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：几乎一夜之间，大量的帐篷村在这个地区各处如雨后春笋般涌现，这些帐篷村由不分昼夜工作的国际救援组织，军事组织和救援队管理，在冬季来临之前为幸存者提供避难之处。A. (set) out出发，动身；B. (set) in到来，发作；C. (set) on袭击，攻击；D. (set) off动身，引爆。此处set in指（坏天气，黑夜等的）到来。故选B。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，这个季节气候很温和。但是随着春季的到来，这些难民们将不得不离开。A. falling下降；B. emergence形成，发生；C. arrival到达；D. appearing出现。前面提到这些帐篷村为难民提供过冬之处，接下来应该是指春季的到来。故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为十五万幸存者提供健康护理，食物和避难之处的营地已经开始关闭，因为它们本来就没打算永久存在。A. strengthened增强，强化；B. aided帮助，救助；C. transferred转移；D. provided提供。这些营地应该是为幸存者提供健康护理，食物和避难之处而设立的，故选D。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：为十五万幸存者提供健康护理，食物和避难之处的营地已经开始关闭，因为它们本来就没打算永久存在。A. never永不；B. once曾经，一旦；C. ever永远；D. yet还，已经。根据上句But with the ___6___ of spring the refugees will be moved again.可知，这些营地已经开始关闭，说明它们建立之初就不打算永久存在。故选A。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于大部分难民来说，一想到要回去使他们情绪复杂。A. puzzled困惑的；B. contrasted形成对比的；C. doubled加倍的；D. mixed混合的。根据语境可知，此处他们复杂的情绪。故选D。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：成员多达10人的家庭不得不在一个帐篷下避难，与邻居共同使用炉灶和洗浴设施。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语as many as意为“多达”。选项 A. like，C. too和D. so均不能用于这个搭配。故选B。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查介词词义辨析。句意：成员多达10人的家庭不得不在一个帐篷下避难，与邻居共同使用炉灶和洗浴设施。A. by通过；B. below在……下面，低于；C. under在……下方；D. with和，与。below表示“在……之下，在……的下游”，与介词above相对应，常指在某物体之下，但不一定在该物的正下方；under表示“在……之下”，通常表示位置处于正下方，与介词over“在……上方”相对应，比如：under the bridge在桥下。此处表示“在帐篷下”应用under。故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：成员多达10人的家庭不得不在一个帐篷下避难，与邻居共同使用炉灶和洗浴设施。A. facilities设施，设备；B. instruments仪器，工具；C. implements器械；D. appliances家用电器。根据语境可知，此处是bathing facilities“洗浴设施”。故选A。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们都梦想吃到免费的新鲜的水果。A. seeking寻求，多用于seek for sth.“寻求某物”；B. dreaming梦想，dream of“梦想得到”；C. longing渴望，多用于long for sth.“渴望得到某物”；D. searching寻找，多用于search for sth.“寻找某物”。根据后面的介词of，结合句意可知选项B正确。故选B。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们想要回到他们的畜群中去，并开始耕作。A. producing生产；B. cultivating耕种；C. farming务农；D. nourishing滋养。结合句意可知，难民们想回去放牧耕种，此处cultivate只能作及物动词，而farm既是及物动词又是非及物动词，结合本句可知，此处空后无宾语，只能用farm。故选C。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查代词词义辨析。句意：但是大部分人即将回去面对成堆的废墟。A. anything任何东西；B. something一些东西；C. everything一切；D. nothing什么都没有。此处为短语nothing but意为“仅仅，只有”。故选D。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在很多地方，电线还没有修好，道路也没修好。A. lines线路；B. channels水渠；C. paths道路；D. currents电流，水流。根据句意可知，此处为electrical lines“电线”。故选A。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：救援人员估计重建地震夺走的一切需要花费数年时间。A. account解释，导致；B. measure测量；C. estimate估计，预计；D. value重视。根据常理可知，对于地震这类造成的损失，只能用估计（estimate）这个词。故选C。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：救援人员估计重建地震夺走的一切需要花费数年时间。A. (take) aside把……拉到一边；B. (take) away夺走，剥夺；C. (take) up占据；D. (take) out取出。根据句意可知此处是指地震造成的破坏——地震从人们手中夺走的一切。故选B。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是对于数以千计的幸存者来说，恢复永远都不会结束。A. reservation保留，预订；B. retreat撤退；C. replacement取代；D. recovery恢复，复原。根据上一句Aid workers ___17___ that it will take years to rebuild what the earthquake took ___18___.可知，此处指恢复到以前的样子。故选D。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：春天来了，现在是重新开始的好时机。A. start开始；B. remain保持；C. survive幸存；D. end结束。本段第一句Yet the survivors have to start somewhere.给出了答案，在这里强调春天是开始这一切的好时间。故选A。‎ III. 阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A You can choose happiness regardless of your circumstances. You can choose to be happy no matter what challenges life brings you. Let the following simple strategies guide you back to your natural happy state.‎ Make lemonade when life gives you lemons.‎ Besides happiness, trouble will also be part of life. It’s how you choose to react to your situations that make the difference. If you look at something hard enough, you’ll see the positive side of it.‎ Do what you love doing.‎ Do you have a lifelong dream or desire? If so, start working towards it. Taking baby steps towards a goal will help you feel like you’re accomplishing something. You’ll find drive and determination to reach that goal when it’s something you love doing.‎ Use one of your talents.‎ One reason why so many people are unhappy is that they’re not doing what they’re called to do with their God-given talents. Each of us has a purpose in life. You have natural talents to help you achieve your purpose, so use your talents effectively.‎ Call a friend who you know is positive and cheerful.‎ Talk about your feelings and listen to their advice. Usually, people allow themselves to go deeper and deeper into self-depression. The truth is that you don’t have to be sad. You can decide to be happy. You just have to make up your mind to do so.‎ Gratitude is the quickest cure for sadness.‎ When you focus on what’s wrong with your life, you forget to look at what’s right and good. Take a step back and reflect on your life. Do you have children or family to be thankful for? Yes, they may not be the person we’d like them to be, but imagine life without them. Now, be thankful that you have them in your life.‎ Let your feelings out on paper.‎ Often you’ll find that just getting your feelings down on paper will allow you to work through them, helping you feel better about yourself and your beautiful life!‎ ‎36. The first paragraph is used to _______.‎ A. expect readers to ignore themselves B. start a discussion among readers C. introduce the topic to readers D. carry out a challenge among readers ‎37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that _______.‎ A. trouble is part of life B. lemonade is very delicious C. life is full of sweetness and bitterness D. lemons can only be used to make lemonade ‎38. The underlined word “God-given” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to“_______”.‎ A. diverse B. natural C. excellent D. learned ‎39. Which of the following strategies is NOT mentioned in this passage?‎ A. Be grateful. B. Do many activities.‎ C. Call a cheerful friend. D. Use one of your talents.‎ ‎40. The author writes the passage for _______ people.‎ A. excited B. depressed C. bad-tempered D. kind-hearted ‎【答案】36. C 37. C 38. B 39. B 40. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了六种让你找回自然快乐状态的办法。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据本段最后一句Let the following simple strategies guide you back to your natural happy state.(让下面几个简单的策略指引你找到自然快乐状态)可知，本段是为了引出话题。故选C。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段Besides happiness, trouble will also be part of life.(除了快乐之外，麻烦也是生活的一部分)可知，生活中既有快乐也有困难。因此C选项life is full of sweetness and bitterness(生活充满甜蜜和苦涩)正确。故选C。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据本段中后句You have natural talents to help you achieve your purpose, so use your talents effectively.(你有天生的才华帮助你实现你的目的，因此有效地利用你的才华吧)可知，这里的God-given talents指的应该就是natural talents“天生的才华”。故选B。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 细节理解题。文章介绍了六种让你找回自然快乐状态的办法：Make lemonade when life gives you lemons.(既来之,则安之)，Do what you love doing.(做你喜欢做的)，Use one of your talents.(使用你的才华)，Call a friend who you know is positive and cheerful.(给你认识的积极乐观的朋友打电话)，Gratitude is the quickest cure for sadness.(感恩是治疗悲伤最快的方法)，Let your feelings out on paper.(把你的心情写在纸上)。由此可知，四个选项中只有B项没有提到。故选B。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 推理判断题。本文主要是介绍了六种让你找回自然快乐状态的办法。因此这篇文章是针对沮丧，心情低落的人(depressed)所写。A. excited兴奋的；C. bad-tempered坏脾气的；D. kind-hearted好心的，这三个选项均不符合。故选B。‎ B I stole your dog today. No, I didn’t set a foot on your house, but from the condition of your dog, I can imagine what it looks like…the word “rubbish” comes to mind.‎ I found her along a road, with a heavy chain wrapped around her neck, still attached to rotten boards from her doghouse. Not only did I know that most of the town people had already ignored her, judging by where I found her, but I knew that if she had gotten into the Woods, the “cross” that she dragged behind her would have wrapped around a tree until starvation or thirst killed her. She has a beautiful name now. Already in the first week she has come to look more like she should. Her eyes sparkle and she has learned to wag her tail in greeting. She has stopped flinching (畏缩) when I make a sudden movement, because she knows now that I won’t beat her, in fact, she rarely leaves my side. She’s even become brave enough to bark at a cat and today I watched from the window as she attempted to play with the other dogs. No, it’s clear she does not miss you or her former life on a chain.‎ It’s not clear yet whether she'll remain here or whether I’ll find her a loving home where she can ‎ count on more individual attention than I can give her, but one thing is certain, this is one bit of stolen “property” who is never returning to you. So sue me, accuse me, plead with the courts that she is rightfully yours ... I’m convinced this is the best “crime” I’ve ever committed. Hardly anything has pleased me more than the day I stole your dog. I need only look into her beautiful brown eyes to know that she’d defend my decision with her life. If we have one prayer, it is that you will not replace her, and if we have one special day to celebrate together, it is the day I stole your dog and the day she stole my heart.‎ ‎41. What’s the author’s attitude towards the former owner of the dog?‎ A. Puzzled. B. Angry.‎ C. Shocked. D. Satisfied.‎ ‎42. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.‎ A. the dog is not lovely B. the dog tried to find a kind master C. the dog was treated badly by its former master D. the author will be charged with stealing a dog ‎43. All the following statements showed us the dog’s recovery from her nature except _______.‎ A. playing with other dogs B. barking at a cat C. not missing her former master D. waving her tail to make greetings ‎44. What did the author think of his theft?‎ A. He was afraid of being punished.‎ B. He thought he had to do it.‎ C. He believed that the law would allow him to do so.‎ D. He did it with pride.‎ ‎【答案】41. B 42. C 43. C 44. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者不忍看到一只小狗在主人那里遭受虐待，就偷了过来自己照顾它的故事。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中的No, I didn’t set a foot on your house, but from the condition of your ‎ dog, I can imagine what it looks like…the word “rubbish” comes to mind.(不，我没有踏进你家的房子，但是从你的狗的情况来看，我可以想象它是什么样子的……我想到了“垃圾”这个词)再结合下文作者对于狗受到的虐待来看，作者当时很生气。A. Puzzled.困惑的；B. Angry.生气的；C. Shocked.震惊的；D. Satisfied.满意的。故选B。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中的I found her along a road, with a heavy chain wrapped around her neck, still attached to rotten boards from her doghouse.(我发现她沿着一条路走着，脖子上缠着一条沉重的链子，还拴在狗窝里的烂木板上)可推断出，这只狗受到了主人的虐待。故选C。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Her eyes sparkle and she has learned to wag her tail in greeting.(她的眼睛闪闪发光，她学会了摇尾巴打招呼)及She’s even become brave enough to bark at a cat and today I watched from the window as she attempted to play with the other dogs.(她甚至有足够的勇气对着猫叫，今天我从窗户看到她试图和其他狗玩)可知，作者提到三个方面表明这只狗已经恢复了本性，没有提到C选项not missing her former master(不再思念她的前主人)。故选C。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章I’m convinced this is the best “crime” I’ve ever committed.可知，我相信这是我做过的最好的“犯罪”。由此可知，作者对自己的行为是很认同的，可以说是感到自豪。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】推断判断题就是推断隐含意义，根据文章的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到、没有明说或者可能发生的事实。推理判断题的题干特点：推断隐含意义的题干中常含infer(推断)，suggest(暗示)，imply(暗示)，indicate(暗示)，conclude(推断，得出结论)等词语。常见的题干形式如下：We can know from the passage that...；We can infer from the (first/last) passage that...；The passage /author implies/suggests that ...；It can be concluded from the passage that...；The underlined sentence indicates that...等等，它的主要解题方法就是找到推理的依据，然后理解相关信息点的字面意义，最后结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而得到作者的言外之意。如第2小题，根据第二段中的I found her along a road, with a heavy chain wrapped around her neck, still attached to rotten boards from her doghouse.(我发现她沿着一条路走着，脖子上缠着一条沉重的链子，还拴在狗窝里的烂木板上)可推断出，这只狗受到了主人的虐待。故选C。‎ C People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.‎ Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly (均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.‎ ‎“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” Jack said. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth.”‎ According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.‎ The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.‎ It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. “The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,” Jack said. “Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”‎ In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.‎ ‎45. The discovery shows that Westerners_______.‎ A. consider facial expressions universally reliable B. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions ‎46. What were the people asked to do in the study?‎ A. To classify some face pictures. B. To get their faces impressive.‎ C. To make a face at each other. D. To observe the researchers’ faces.‎ ‎47. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 6 refer to?‎ A. The researchers of the study. B. The participants in the study.‎ C. The errors made during the study. D. The data collected from the study.‎ ‎48. In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to_______.‎ A. do translation more successfully B. study the mouth more frequently C. examine the eyes more attentively D. read facial expressions more correctly ‎49. According to the passage, we can infer that the researcher, Rachael Jack _______.‎ A. is a student in University of Glasgow B. studies the fields related to biology or cultures C. has published a new report on human rights D. shows that facial expressions are universal signals of human emotion ‎50. What can be the best title for the passage?‎ A. The Eye as the Window to the Soul B. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills C. How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding D. Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions ‎【答案】45. B 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. B 50. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最新的科学研究发现：东方人比西方人更难于读懂他人的面部表情。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth.(西方人平等地看待眼睛和嘴巴，而东方人则偏袒眼睛而忽视嘴巴)可知，这项发现表明，西方人对眼睛和嘴巴同样重视。故选B。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第五段中的The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral.(研究人员通过记录13名西方白人和13名东亚人的眼部运动，研究了他们在识别面部表情方面的文化差异。研究人员观察了表情丰富的面部照片，并将其分为快乐、悲伤、惊讶、恐惧、厌恶、愤怒和中性)可知，在这次研究中，人们被要求对一些脸部照片进行分类。故选A。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第六段中的The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,” Jack said.(杰克说：“他们眼部动作的文化差异可能反映了面部表情的文化差异。”)由此推断出，they指的是这次研究的参与者（13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people）。故选B。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第六段最后一句Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.(我们的数据表明西方人用整个脸部传达情绪，而东方人用眼更多一些，用嘴少一些)可知，东方人更关注对方的眼神。故选C。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第六段中“The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,” Jack said. “Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”(杰克说：“他们眼部动作的文化差异可能反映了面部表情的文化差异。”我们的数据表明西方人用整个脸部传达情绪，而东方人用眼更多一些，用嘴少一些)可知，Rachael Jack的研究与文化和生物学（对所涉及到的人身体部位的研究）有关。故选B。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其最后一段In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion.(总之，这些数据表明，面部表情不是人类情感的普遍信号。从这里开始，研究文化因素如何使这些基本社会技能多样化，将有助于我们理解人类情感)可知，​阅读情感的文化差异符合文章标题。故选D。‎ D A review from the International Programme on the State of the Ocean (IPSO) warns that the oceans are facing multiple threats. They are being heated by climate change, turning slowly less alkaline (碱性的) by absorbing CO2, and suffering from overfishing and pollution.‎ The report says, “We have been taking the ocean for granted. It has been shielding us from the worst effects of accelerating climate change by absorbing excess CO2 from the atmosphere.”‎ Although the temperature increases may be experiencing a pause, the ocean continues to warm regardless. For the most part, however, the public and policy makers are failing to recognize — or choosing to ignore — the severity of the situation. Coral reefs, for instance, are suffering from the higher temperatures.‎ IPSO, funded by charitable foundations, is publishing a set of five papers based on workshops in 2011 and ‎2012 in partnership with the International Union for Conservation of Nature. The reports call for governments all over the world to halt (暂停) CO2 increase at 450ppm, and also urge much more focused fisheries management and a priority list for tackling the key groups of chemicals that cause most harmful effects. They want the governments to negotiate a new agreement for the sustainable fishing in the high oceans to be monitored by a new global high seas enforcement agency.‎ The IUCN's Prof Dan Laffoley said, “What these latest reports make absolutely clear is that delaying action will increase costs in the future and lead to even greater, perhaps permanent losses. “The UN climate report confirmed that the ocean is bearing the pressure of human-induced changes to our planet. These discoveries give us not only more cause for alarm, but also a roadmap for action. We must use it.‎ ‎51. According to the passage, _______ are NOT the reason why the oceans become slowly less alkaline.‎ A. various pollutions B. higher temperatures C. bad fishing practices D. destroyed coral reefs ‎52. The underlined word “shielding” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “_______”.‎ A. warning B. protecting C. showing D. cooling ‎53. Which of the following is NOT the purpose of the reports published by IPSO?‎ A. To appeal to world governments to halt CO2 increase at 450ppm.‎ B. To tell us that the ocean is bearing the pressure of human-induced changes to our planet.‎ C. To ask the governments to carry out new measures for the sustainable fishing in the high oceans.‎ D. To advise the governments to make a priority list for tackling the key groups of chemicals that cause most harm.‎ ‎54. Which of the following can NOT be concluded from the passage?‎ A. The reports warn us that we need to take actions right now.‎ B. Coral reefs are weakened by bad fishing practices and pollution.‎ C. The global temperature is increasing and the ocean continues to warm as well.‎ D. It seems that the policymakers are trying to ignore the severity of the ocean situation.‎ ‎55. What is the probable purpose of this passage?‎ A. To tell us that the oceans become less alkaline.‎ B. To advise us to negotiate a new agreement for the sustainable fishing.‎ C. To tell us that global warming has a great effect on the oceans’ temperature.‎ D. To warn us that the oceans are in danger and immediate measures should be taken.‎ ‎【答案】51. D 52. B 53. B 54. C 55. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海洋现在面临的严峻形式：海洋正在吸收更多的二氧化碳，致使还有本身温度不断上升，海洋生物面临巨大危险，并且呼吁各国政府减少碳排放，减少海洋污染和开展可持续性捕捞。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的They are being heated by climate change, turning slowly less alkaline (碱性的) by absorbing CO2, and suffering from overfishing and pollution.(它们正受到气候变化的影响，由于吸收了二氧化碳，碱性逐渐减弱，并遭受过度捕捞和污染)可知，造成海洋的碱性逐渐减弱的原因中没有涉及到D选项destroyed coral reefs(破坏珊瑚礁)。故选D。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句话Although the temperature increases may be experiencing a pause, the ocean continues to warm regardless.(尽管气温上升可能会暂时停止，但不管怎样，海洋仍在继续变暖)可知，海洋吸收了更多的二氧化碳，这也保护了我们遭受全球变暖造成的恶劣影响。因此此处shield意为“保护”，与protect同义。故选B。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中的The reports call for governments all over the world to halt (暂停) CO2 increase at 450ppm, and also urge much more focused fisheries management and a priority list for tackling the key groups of chemicals that cause most harmful effects.(报告呼吁世界各国政府遏制二氧化碳浓度上升至450ppm，并敦促各国加强渔业管理，制定优先清单，应对造成最有害影响的关键化学物质)可知，此处提到了这个报告的三个目的，没有涉及B选项To ask the governments to carry out new measures for the sustainable fishing in the high oceans.(要求各国政府采取新的措施，在公海上进行可持续的捕捞)。故选B。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中的Although the temperature increases may be experiencing a pause, the ocean continues to warm regardless.(尽管气温上升可能会暂时停止，但不管怎样，海洋仍在继续变暖)可知，全球温度和海洋温度都在上升的结论是不正确的。故选C。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章介绍了海洋现在面临的严峻形势：海洋正在吸收更多的二氧化碳，致使海洋本身温度不断上升，海洋生物面临巨大危险，并且呼吁全球国家减少碳排放，减少海洋污染和进行可持续性捕捞。选项D. To warn us that the oceans are in danger and immediate measures should be taken.(警告我们海洋面临的危险，并应立刻采取措施)正是本文写作的目的。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为：‎ ‎① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或that’s to say，such as等。‎ ‎② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如：similarly，the same as，but，however，while，on the other hand，since，because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。‎ ‎③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。‎ ‎④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。‎ ‎⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。‎ 如第2小题，根据第三段第一句话Although the temperature increases may be experiencing a pause, the ocean continues to warm regardless.(‎ 尽管气温上升可能会暂时停止，但不管怎样，海洋仍在继续变暖)可知，海洋吸收了更多的二氧化碳，这也保护了我们遭受全球变暖造成的恶劣影响。因此此处shield意为“保护”，与protect同义。故选B。‎ 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共 35 分）‎ IV.阅读表达（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） ‎ 阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。‎ French poet Victor Hugo (1802-1885) once said: “To learn to read is to light a fire; every syllable that is spelt out is a spark.”‎ Today, when we read books, road signs and posters, it’s probably hard to imagine that only half a century ago, about 40 percent of the world’s adults were still illiterate, according to data from UNESCO. This means that two out of every five adults could neither read nor write in the 1960s. In other words, the “sparks”that now light up our world failed to do the same for theirs.‎ In response to this situation, UNESCO decided to name Sept. 8 as International Literacy Day, starting from 1967. Every year, the day is celebrated to highlight the importance of literacy and the progress that has been made, which itself is huge — in 2016, the global adult literacy rate rose to 86 percent, while the youth literacy rate was as high as 91 percent, according to UNESCO.‎ This raises a question: If the mission to boost literacy has basically been accomplished, why do we still celebrate this day?‎ The truth is that the definition of “literacy” keeps changing. For example, the theme for 2007 and 2008 International Literacy Day was “Literacy and health”, which targeted people’s ignorance of diseases like HIV and malaria (疟疾). For 2017, the emphasis was placed on “Literacy in a digital world”, because not knowing anything about the internet in today’s world is just like lacking basic reading abilities in the 1960s — it’s the “new illiteracy”.‎ The focus for this year’s International Literacy Day will be “Literacy and skills development”. But the skills in question are not job-specific skills, such as those required to be an electrician or carpenter. Instead, the focus will be on “transferable skills”— communication, critical thinking, multitasking, teamwork, and creativity, to name a few. These are the things that allow us to do our job well — any job.‎ This echoes what Greek philosopher Socrates said almost 2,500 years ago: “Education is the kindling of a flame, not the filling of a vessel.”‎ And with more people become literate, it’s only a matter of time before their small flame turns ‎ into a big fire.‎ ‎56. What did UNESCO do to raise literacy in 1960s? (within 15 words)‎ ‎57. The theme of this year’s International Literacy Day will be “Literacy and skills development”. What do “skills” refer to here? (within 15 words)‎ ‎58. What does the underlined word “illiterate” in paragraph 2 mean? (within 5 words)‎ ‎59. What progress has been made in literacy since 1967? (within15 words)‎ ‎60. What’s the title of the article? (within 10 words)‎ ‎【答案】56. UNESCO set a special day — International Literacy Day to highlight the importance of literacy. ‎ ‎57. “Skills” here refer to “transferable skills”, such as communication, critical thinking, multitasking, teamwork, creativity, and so on. ‎ ‎58. Unable to read or write. ‎ ‎59. The global adult literacy rate rose from about 60 percent in the 1960s to 86 percent in 2016.‎ Or: The progress is huge — in 2016,the global adult literacy rate rose to 86 percent, while in the 1960s about 60 percent of the world’s adults were literate.‎ Or: In the 1960s, about 40 percent of the world’s adults were illiterate, while in 2016, the global adult literacy rate rose to 86 percent. ‎ ‎60. International Literacy Day./Celebrate Literacy.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了联合国教科文组织为扫除文盲设立的国际扫盲日，以及取得的成绩，并讨论了国际扫盲日继续存在的巨大意义。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的In response to this situation, UNESCO decided to name Sept. 8 as International Literacy Day, starting from 1967. Every year, the day is celebrated to highlight the importance of literacy and the progress that has been made(针对这一情况，教科文组织决定将‎9月8日定为国际扫盲日，从1967年开始。每年都会庆祝扫盲日，以强调扫盲的重要性和取得的进展)可知联合国教科文组织在1967年设立国际扫盲日是为了强调识字能力的重要性。因此答案为UNESCO set a special day — International Literacy Day to highlight the importance of literacy.‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第六段中的Instead, the focus will be on “transferable skills”— communication, critical thinking, multitasking, teamwork, and creativity, to name a few.可知，相反，重点将放在“可转移的技能”上——比如沟通、批判性思维、多任务处理、团队合作和创造力等。因此答案为“Skills” here refer to “transferable skills”, such as communication, critical thinking, multitasking, teamwork, creativity, and so on.‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据本段中的This means that two out of every five adults could neither read nor write in the 1960s.(这意味着三分之二的成年人既不会读也不会写)可知，illiterate意识是指不会读写。故答案为Unable to read or write.‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Every year, the day is celebrated to highlight the importance of literacy and the progress that has been made, which itself is huge — in 2016, the global adult literacy rate rose to 86 percent, while the youth literacy rate was as high as 91 percent, according to UNESCO.可知，每年，人们都会庆祝扫盲日，以此来强调扫盲的重要性，以及扫盲取得的巨大进步。根据联合国教科文组织的数据，2016年，全球成人识字率上升到86%，而青少年识字率高达91%。故答案为The global adult literacy rate rose from about 60 percent in the 1960s to 86 percent in 2016. Or: The progress is huge — in 2016,the global adult literacy rate rose to 86 percent, while in the 1960s about 60 percent of the world’s adults were literate. Or: In the 1960s, about 40 percent of the world’s adults were illiterate, while in 2016, the global adult literacy rate rose to 86 percent.‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。文章讨论了联合国教科文组织为扫除文盲设立的国际扫盲日，以及取得的成绩，并讨论了国际扫盲日继续存在的巨大意义。International Literacy Day.(国际扫盲日)/Celebrate Literacy.(庆祝扫盲日)适合做本文最佳标题。故答案为International Literacy Day./Celebrate Literacy.‎ V. 书面表达 (满分 25 分)‎ ‎61.假如你是晨光中学的李津。今年新型冠状病毒在世界多国爆发，中国采取了一系列有力措施遏制病毒的传播并取得成效。你的美国笔友Mike写电子邮件给你，想了解你所在的学校在抗击新型冠状病毒期间如何应对疫情和开展“停课不停学”的情况。请你根据下面的提示内容给他写一封回信。‎ ‎①防控疫情生活措施（如：戴口罩，勤洗手等）。‎ ‎②学生学习方式及特点（如：网络学习等）。‎ ‎③自己的感想和愿望。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1 词数不少于100；‎ ‎2 必须包含提示内容；‎ ‎3 请勿提及真实学校名称；‎ ‎4. 可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯。‎ 提示词：新型冠状病毒：the novel coronavirus 疫情：the epidemic situation Dear Mike,‎ I’m glad to receive your email. You asked me to share with you what we did in the epidemic situation.‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours,‎ Li Jin ‎【答案】Dear Mike,‎ I’m glad to receive your email. You asked me to share with you what we did in the epidemic situation. Here are my experiences.‎ Over the past days, the novel coronavirus has made its way around the world. It has a strong impact on our life and study. Since the outbreak of it, Chinese government has taken many effective measures to prevent the epidemic. Till now we have achieved great results.‎ For us students, we have to stay at home, doing personal protection well. For example, we must wear mask when going out. What’s more, washing hands is necessary. Not only do I try to learn by myself, but also I have online courses given by my teachers. Besides, I take exercise every day to keep healthy.‎ Faced with the disaster, I think everyone ought to have a positive attitude to the campaign with the disease. I sincerely hope that we have faith in the fact that tomorrow is another day.‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours,‎ Li Jin ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文，要求写一封回信。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。要求如下：假如你是晨光中学的李津。今年新型冠状病毒在世界多国爆发，中国采取了一系列有力措施遏制病毒的传播并取得成效。你的美国笔友Mike写电子邮件给你，想了解你所在的学校在抗击新型冠状病毒期间如何应对疫情和开展“停课不停学”的情况。请你根据下面的提示内容给他写一封回信。要点主要有三个：①防控疫情生活措施（如：戴口罩，勤洗手等）。②学生学习方式及特点（如：网络学习等）。③自己的感想和愿望。人称以第一人称和第三人称为主。时态以一般现在时为主。‎ 第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一段，已经给出。第二段，主要是关于防控疫情生活措施（如：戴口罩，勤洗手等）。第三段，主要是关于学生学习方式及特点（如：网络学习等）。第四段，自己的感想和愿望。‎ 第三步：确定关键词汇和短语: have a strong impact on；take many effective measures；wear mask；have a positive attitude to；have faith in等。‎ 第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接；注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。‎ ‎【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了一些亮点短语：have a strong impact on；take many effective measures；wear mask；have a positive attitude to；have faith in等。以及一些较为高级的句式：For us students, we have to stay at home, doing personal protection well.使用了现在分词作状语；Not only do I try to learn by myself, but also I have online courses given by my teachers.使用了倒装句；I sincerely hope that we have faith in the fact that tomorrow is another day.使用了宾语从句和同位语从句。高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。另外, ‎ 文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎