江西省宜春市高安中学2020届高三上学期第一次月考英语试卷 15页

英语试卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每 段对话仅读一遍。 1.How long is Jack late for school today? A. 15 minutes. B. 30 minutes. C. 45 minutes. 2.What does the woman plan to do? A. Leave work early. B. Finish her work on Friday. C. Make a change to the time of the meeting. 3.Why does Elaine call Peter? A. To borrow his notes. B. To explain her absence. C. To discuss the presentation. 4.What does the girl want? A. A dress B. Shoes. C. A sweater. 5.What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Salesman and customer. B. Husband and wife. C. Co-workers. 第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6.What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. Where they will go shopping. B. What they will wear to the party. C. Whether they will buy new clothes. 7.Why doesn’t the woman buy the blue dress? A. It costs too much. B. It doesn’t suit her. C. It doesn’t look very nice. 听第 7 段材料，回答第7, 8 题。 8.Where will the man go first? A. To a restaurant. B. To a hotel. C. To a bank. 9.What is the man concerned about? A. The price of lunch. B. The exchange fee. C. The position of a restaurant. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10.What are the speakers doing? A. Reading a guidebook. B. Looking at pictures. C. Traveling around the world. 11.What does the woman think of Irish people? A. Friendly. B. Beautiful. C. Artistic. 12.Where did the man go with the woman? A. To Wales. B. To Egypt. C. To France. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13.Why does the man come to see the woman? A. He has a stomachache. B. He is too overweight. C. He has pains all over. 14.What soup did the man have last night? A. Potato. B. Chicken. C. Tomato. 15.What does the woman think the man should do? A. Stop eating his favorite food. B. Change his lifestyle. C. Walk to work. 16.What do we know about the man? A. He takes a long walk once a month. B. He usually goes shopping on foot. C. He seldom exercises. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17.Where can the listeners get drinks all day? A. In the cafe. B. In the dining room. C. By the swimming pool. 18.What will the listeners probably do around 1 p.m.? A. Have lunch. B. Go swimming. C. Attend a conference. 19.What does the speaker apologize for? A. The updated program. B. The high temperature. C. The late lunch. 20.Why does the conference program have to be changed? A. Some rooms are being repaired. B. The General Manager can’t come. C. An important speaker won’t give her talk. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Formal Afternoon Teas A pot of tea, a plate of finger sandwiches and a selection of pastries and scones: In America, this wonderful way to wile away the afternoon is commonly, though mistakenly, known as “high tea.” In Britain, where it originated, “high tea” is simply an old-fashioned name for the evening meal; it’s also called “meal tea.” The light, elegant, scone-centric meal served at fancy hotels is called “low tea” or “afternoon tea”. Whatever you call it, here are four places to get afternoon tea on Long Island. Prices are per person. Chat Noir 230 Merrick Rd., Rockville Centre 516-208-8521, chatnoirtea.com Owner Emma Tso is a talented pastry chef, and her afternoon tea($22) includes sandwiches, miniature pastries, warm scones, cream and jam and a pot of tea. Open 7 days a week. Reservations required. Robinson’s Tea Room 97-E Main St., Stony Brook 631-751-1232 Robinson’s service afternoon tea Tuesday to Sunday. $26 buys unlimited tea, about 10 finger sandwiches, fresh scones, cream and jam and desserts. Reservations required. The Secret Garden Tea Cafe& Gift Shoppe 225 Main St., Port Jefferson 631-476-8327, thesecretgardentearoom.com The Street Garden’s menu has more modest options, but the full afternoon tea, $26.95, includes scones, fresh fruit, tea sandwiches, mini desserts and a pot of tea. Open Tuesday to Sunday. The Hidden Oak Cafe Bayard Cutting Arboretum, Montauk Highway, Great River 631-277-3895, bayardcuttingarboretum.org The cafe is open Tuesday to Sunday. Afternoon tea($25.95) includes tea sandwiches, desserts and pastries, scones with cream and jam and a pot of tea. Reservations required 24 hours in advance. 21. What do we know about British afternoon tea? A. It’s known as “meal tea”. B. It’s centered on desserts. C. It’s served at fancy hotels. D. It’s originated from America. 22. Which number should you call to reserve for a Monday afternoon tea? A. 516-208-8521 B. 631-751-1232 C. 631-476-8327 D. 631-277-3895 23. Where can you get afternoon tea with fresh fruit? A. At Chat Noir B. At Robinson’s Tea Room C. At the Hidden Oak Cafe D. At the Secret Garden Tea Cafe& Gift Shoppe B What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn’t a prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can (装罐) and preserve much of the food they consume. Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that everyone has the ability to control what’s on their plate. Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. “ got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs(香草)and foods for that fresh flavor,” she said. Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods. “I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,” Loe said. Through her website Loe emphasizes that ‘‘anybody can do this anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony (阳台)? Plant some herbs. A window? Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they’re very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. “I think it’s a great place to start.” Then? Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea. Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food, Loe noted, there’s a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor. “I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,” Loe said. “Canning for me is about knowing what’s in your food, knowing where it comes from.” In addition to being more in touch with the food she’s eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children: “Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,” she said, “that if we don’t take care of the earth, no one will.” 24. The underlined word “prerequisite” (Para. 1) is closest in meaning to“ ”. A. recipe B. substitute C. requirement D. challenge 25. Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs? A. They are used daily. B. They are easy to grow. C. They can grow very tall. D. They can be eaten uncooked. 26. According to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted foods? A. It can preserve their best flavor. B. It can promote her online sales. C. It can better her cooking skills. D. It can improve their nutrition. 27. What is the “the bigger picture” (Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to understand? A. The knowledge about good food. B. The way to live a grow-our-own life. C. The joy of getting in touch with foods. D. The responsibility to protect our earth C The values of artistic works, according to cultural relativism(相对主义), are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions. Such a view, however, fails to explain the ability of some works of art to excite the human mind across cultures and through centuries. History has witnessed the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world. It is never rare to find that Mozart packs Japanese concert halls, as Japanese painter Hiroshige does Paris galleries, Unique works of this kind are different from today’s popular art, even if they began as works of popular art. They have set themselves apart in their timeless appeal and will probably be enjoyed for centuries into the future. In a 1757 essay, the philosopher David Hume argued that because“the general principles of taste are uniform(始终如一的) in human nature,”the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent. He observed that Homer was still admired after two thousand years. Works of this type, he believed, spoke to deep and unvarying features of human nature and could continue to exist over centuries. Now researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art. For example, evolutionary psychology is being used by literary scholars to explain the long-lasting themes and plot devices in fiction. The structures of musical pieces are now open to experimental analysis as never before. Research findings seem to indicate that the creation by a great artist is as permanent an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist. 28. According to the passage, what do we know about cultural relativism? A. It introduces different cultural values. B. It explains the history of artistic works. C. It relates artistic values to local conditions. D. It excites the human mind throughout the world. 29. In Paragraph 2, the artists are mentioned in order to show that _____ . A. great works of art can go beyond national boundaries B. history gives art works special appeal to set them apart C. popular arts are hardly distinguishable from great arts D. great artists are skilled at combining various cultures 30. According to Hume, some works of art can exist for centuries because_____ . A. they are results of scientific study B. they establish some general principles of art C. they are created by the world’s greatest artists D. they appeal to unchanging features of human nature 31. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage? A. Are Artistic Values Universal? B. Are Popular Arts Permanent? C. Is Human Nature Uniform? D. Is Cultural Relativism Scientific? D A large body of research has been developed in recent years to explain many aspects of willpower. Most of the researchers exploring self-control do so with an obvious goal in mind: How can willpower be strengthened? If willpower is truly a limited resource, as the research suggests, what can be done to make it stay strong? Avoiding temptation (诱惑) is an effective method for maintaining self-control, which is called the “out of sight, out of mind” principle. One recent study, for instance, found office workers less attracted to candy in the desk drawer than that on top of their desks, in plain sight. The research suggesting that we possess a limited reservoir of self-control raises a troubling question. When we face too many temptations, are we to fail? Not necessarily. Researchers don’t believe that one’s willpower is ever completely exhausted. Rather, people appear to hold some willpower in reserve, saved for future demands. The right motivation allows us to tap into those reserves, allowing us to carry on even when our self-control strength has been run down. High motivation might help overcome weakened willpower-at least to a point. Willpower may also be made less vulnerable（脆弱）to being exhausted in the first place. Researchers who study self-control often describe it as being like a muscle that gets tired with heavy use. But there is another aspect to the muscle comparison, they say. While muscles become exhausted by exercise in the short term, they are strengthened by regular exercise in the long term. Similarly, regular practices of self-control may improve willpower strength. The evidence from willpower-exhaustion studies also suggests that making a list of resolutions on New Year’s Eve is the worst possible approach. Being exhausted in one area can reduce willpower in other areas, so it makes more sense to focus on a single goal at a time. In other words, don’t try to quit smoking, adopt a healthy diet and start a new exercise plan at the same time. Taking goals one by one is a better approach. Once a good habit is in place, Baumeister says, you’ll no longer need to draw on your willpower to maintain the behavior. Eventually healthy habits will become routine, and won’t require making decisions at all. 32. From the studies in the passage we learn that . A. people have unlimited self-control B. high motivation ensures one’s success C. willpower is hardly completely exhausted D. too many temptations often lead to failure 33. The underlined phrase “tap into” in Paragraph 3 most probably means . A. make use of B. run out of C. build D. increase 34. The author compares self –control to muscles . A. to prove the long-term effect of willpower B. to show the significance of regular exercise C. to argue that self-control can he easily used up D. to explain the benefits of practicing self-control 35. To develop a good habit, which of the following does the author prefer? A. “I will give up dessert and do exercise.” B. “I will set three goals this new semester.” C. “I will read an English novel every month.” D. “I will keep myself from any temptation.” 第二节（共 5 小题; 每小题 2 分, 满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。 Changing your life can come in small, easy steps. You can transform yourself and live a better life by making positive changes along the way. Here are some choices that will lead to your transformation. Choose to change bad habits Some bad habits seem to stick around without us even realizing it. 36. You can overcome them, find better alternatives, and get through your struggle to become a better you! Do it for yourself more than anything. Choose to grow It’s easy to get stuck in a fixed way of life. 37. In choosing to grow, you build character, develop your strengths, become aware of what needs improvement, and turn into the well-rounded person you need to be to succeed. Choose to seek a balanced life Where do you need balance? Are you all work, no play? Or the opposite? 38. If you’re spending too much time working or locked away alone, find the time for social interaction and having fun. If you haven’t committed to a schedule in a while, make the decision to start following one. 39. This is vital to human existence. We need the loving bonds created by family members and friends. Personal relationships are key to emotional growth and social stability. Choose to live your passion Whatever your dream is, you can have it. The person you wish to be and the things you wish to achieve are within you. Make the choice to pursue those passions at whatever cost. It may mean clearing out your schedule or doing something you’ve never done. 40. A. Choose to spend time with those you love B. Choose to organize your schedule flexibly C. Make the choice today that you won’t be ruled by them. D. Neither extreme will lead you to a pleasant life for very long. E. However, with re-evaluation and growth comes a beautiful freedom. F. It’s good to change, and you’ve only got so many years to refresh yourself. G. However, the reward from success and personal accomplishment will be worth it. 第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节：完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It was the last day of the final examination in a large eastern university. On the steps of one building, a group of engineering seniors gathered, discussing the exam due to begin in a few 41 On their faces was confidence. This was their last exam before they went on to 42 and jobs. Some talked of jobs they already had; others talked of jobs they 43 get. With all this assurance of four years of college, they felt ready and able to take 44 of the world. The approaching exam, they knew, would be a(n) 45 task, because the professor had said they could bring 46 books or notes they wanted, requesting only that they did not 47 each other during the test. After they entered the classroom 48 ，the professor passed out the papers. And smiles 49 on the students’ faces as they noted there were only five essay-type questions. Three hours had passed 50 the professor began to collect the papers. The students no longer looked confident. On their faces was a frightened expression. Papers in hand, no one spoke as the professor faced the class. He looked at the 51 faces before him, and then asked, “How many completed all five questions?” 52 a hand was raised. “How many answered four?” Still no hands. “Three? Two?” The students moved restlessly in their seats. “One, then? Certainly somebody finished 53 .”But the class remained silent. The professor put down the papers. “That is exactly what I 54 ,” he said. “I just want to impress upon you that, 55 you have completed four years of engineering, there are still many things about the 56 you don’t know. These questions you couldn’t answer are relatively 57 in everyday practice. ” Then smiling, he added, “You will all 58 this course, but remember — even if you are now college graduates, your education has just 59 .” The years have 60 the name of this professor, but not the lesson he taught. 41. A. seconds B. hours C. minutes D. days 42. A. graduation B. discussion C. education D. interview 43. A. must B. would C. have to D. used to 44. A. hold B. charge C. control D. place 45. A. interesting B. hard C. unusual D. easy 46. A. no B. either C. all D. any 47. A. talk to B. look at C. refer to D. listen to 48. A. nervously B. quickly C. joyfully D. curiously 49. A. changed B. appeared C. froze D. stopped 50. A. then B. as C. after D. before 51. A. pleased B. surprised C. worried D. moved 52. A. Once B. Not C. Only D. Even 53. A. all B. none C. it D. one 54. A. expected B. enjoyed C. hated D. wondered 55. A. even though B. as though C. now that D. right now 56. A. exam B. question C. subject D. college 57. A. valuable B. difficult C. strange D. common 58. A. fail B. pass C. take D. start 59. A. completed B. begun C. failed D. succeeded 60. A. weakened B. remembered C. strengthened D. forgot 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 If a little humanlike robot begged you not to shut it off, would you show sympathy? In an experiment 61. (intend) to find out how people treat robots when they act like humans, many participants struggled to power down a begging robot named Nao. 62. experiment was conducted by researchers in Germany, whose findings 63. (publish) in the scientific journal PLOSOne. Nao, 64. was designed to beg about half of the participants not to switch it off but not the other half, was used 65. (measure) if his begging affected how people reacted. In one previous experiment, researchers found that people preferred communicating with robots with complementary (互补的) personality characteristics to 66. (they) own. And since robots can exhibit social characteristics either 67. (speak) with human voices or taking the shape of a human body, the research suggests that people tend to react “68. (especial) social to them.” The researchers said a possible 69. (explain) for their results was that people regarded Nao’s begging 70. “a sign of making its own decision.” 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） During this summer vacation, Li Gang went to teach in a small but poor village with others volunteers. When he arrived, he found the people here lived a hard life and that all the children crowded in a small room. He was glad that the children are lovely and friendly. Though he only had something simply to eat, he used to the hard life soon. During breaks, he often played games with his students. At a night, he was busy preparing lesson and checking his students’ homework. Realized the importance of education, he has made up his mind to becoming a teacher after he graduates from the university 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 假如你是李华，你的美国笔友 Jenny 正在做一份关于中国移动支付（mobile payment ）的 问卷调查 （survey） ，你是她的重点采访对象. 内容包括： 1. 你或你身边的人在日常生活中使用移动支付的情况； 2. 移动支付带来的好处； 3. 你的看法. 参考词汇：微信： Wechat 支付宝：Alipay 二维码： QR code 注意：1. 词数 100 左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯. Dear Jenny， How is your survey on mobile payment going？ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ Yours faithfully, Li Hua 英语试卷答案 听力 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. A 19. B 20. C 录音稿 (Text 1) W: Why are you so late for school, Jack? It’s 9:30. You should be here at 9:00. M: Sorry, Miss. There was a lot of traffic and the journey took 45 minutes — it usually takes only 15 minutes. (Text 2) W: I plan to change the team meeting to Friday afternoons. M: Well, you know, people on flexible time often choose to leave early on Fridays. And concentrationprobably won’t be as good at the end of the week. (Text 3) W: Hey Peter, it’s Elaine. I’m preparing for Professor Butler’s presentation tomorrow. And I need the notesfor last Tuesday when I was absent. Have you got them? M: Yeah. I think so. Hold on and let me look. (Text 4) W: Can I have those beautiful shoes, Dad? Will you buy them for me? M: They’re too expensive! But what about this dress? It’s nice. W: I think it looks boring. M: Well, let’s go in. I want to try on that black sweater. (Text 5) W: How are things coming along with our new products? M: I’m having difficulties figuring out which age group we should target. W: So let’s have a discussion about it. (Text 6) M: Helen, are you coming to the party on Saturday? W: Yes. But I don’t have nice clothes to wear to the party. I’m going shopping to buy something new. M: What are you going to buy? W: 7I have seen a blue dress which is suitable for a party. But it is too expensive. So I might buy a skirt instead. M: Have you been to the new shop on George Street? It is called Sonic; it has very nice skirts and dresses.It’s not too expensive, either. W: I’ll have a look there. What are you going to wear to the party? M: I think I’m going to wear my new jeans and black shirt. W: Wow. You’ll look cool at the party. (Text 7) M: 8I’d like to exchange money before I have lunch at the hotel. Do you know where I can do that? W: The nearest place is on the corner of Wilkinson and Butler. M: Thanks.9I just hope they don’t charge me a ridiculous service charge. W: My sister told me that the prices there are affordable. You may enjoy that place. (Text 8) W: Do you like them? M: 10They’re wonderful, but where were they all taken? W: Well, see this one of the drum? That’s from the time I was in Morocco. M: Amazing! And where’s this campsite with the pouring rain? W: Have a guess! M: Wales? W: Close. M: Ireland then? W: Right. 11And the man in the picture was so nice to us — Irish people always are. M: What language is that? W: The writing is Italian — that’s the huge department store I visited in Italy. And look here; so many cars! Iwas terrified of driving on the roads. M: Where was it? W: 12Don’t you recognize Paris, the French capital? M: 12Of course! I was there with you. W: Yes you were! Ah, my favorite — a beautiful concert on the shores of the Nile. The Egyptians are so artistic. M: Amazing! (Text 9) M: Hello, Dr. Smith, can I come in? W: Yes, please sit down. You would be Mr. Garrison? M: Yes, Peter Garrison. W: Okay, what seems to be the problem, Mr. Garrison? M: 13I’ve been having some pains in my stomach and it’s been bothering me for the whole night. W: What happened at the time the pain started? M: I was having dinner with my family and I thought I must have eatensomething that didn’t sit well in my stomach. W: Do you remember what it was that you ate at the time the pain started? M: Yes, 14I was eating tomato soup with bread, and then we had roast chicken, potatoes, some vegetables,and afterwards dessert. W: That’s quite a lot of food. Do you do any form of exercise? M: No, not really. I mean, sometimes I might go for a walk. W: How often? M: Once a month. W: And for how many hours? M: Oh, no, not a long walk. I might walk to the local shops instead of taking my car. W: How far away is the shop? M: About 10 minutes on foot. W: Well, I think the problem here is that you’re quite overweight. You don’t exercise and you eat far toomuch. I’m going to suggest a few things. 15But if you don’t take steps to change your lifestyle, there’sno point in me going on. (Text 10) M: Well, good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to the Crowne Plaza business center at Coogee Beach.I’m David Bowers, your host for the next two days, and I just want to give you some practical information.OK. 17Coffee, tea, and cold drinks are served all day in the cafe which is just inside the main entranceto the hotel. 18Lunch is served between 12:00 and 2:30 in the private dining room. This eveningyou are invited to join the management for drinks by the swimming pool. The General Manager usuallymakes a short welcome speech. 19I’d like to apologize for the temperature. I’m afraid it’s a little warmer than usual in here becausethe air-conditioning in the business center is being repaired. However, the work will be completed beforelunchtime. Right. 20There are some changes to the conference program. Unfortunately,one of the main speakers has canceled her talk and so a couple of the sessionshave been canceled or rescheduled. The updated program is being printed at the moment. OK now, before we go for breakfast, are there any questions? 阅读理解 A 篇 CAD 【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了在英国吃下午茶的几个好去处。 21．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The light, elegant, scone-centric meal served at fancy hotels is called “low tea” or “afternoon tea”.”可知，在英国，下午茶是由高级酒店供应的，故 C 项正确。 22．细节理解题。根据 Chat Noir 部分中的“Open 7 days a week.”及“516-208-8521, chatnoirtea.com”可知，Chat Noir 每周营业七天，因此预订星期一的下午茶可拨打 516-208-8521， 故 A 项正确。 23．细节理解题。根据 The Secret Garden Tea Cafe& Gift Shoppe 部分中的“includes scones, fresh fruit,”可知，The Secret Garden Tea Cafe& Gift Shoppe 的下午茶包括新鲜的水果，因此想要吃 到带水果的下午茶应该去这里，故 D 项正确。 B 篇 CBAD 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。Loe 是“自己种植”现代生活方式的实践者，她热衷于自己种植香 草和味道新鲜的食物，并将食物装入密封罐中保持以保持最佳的风味，更想通过自己的举动 影响孩子们，让他们意识到保护地球的责任。 32．词义猜测题。根据首段第二句“On a mere 1/10 of an acre … and preserve much of the food they consume”可知面积并不是硬要求。该句句意为：Loe 在那里所做的一切证明，一个大农场对“自 己种植”现代生活方式来说并不是一个硬要求。故选 C 项。 33．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they’re very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. ”可知香草很容易生长。故选 B 项。 34．细节理解题。根据第五段中“there is a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor. ‘I try to keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,’”可知将种植的事物装入密封罐中保存的 好处是能够保持最佳的风味。故选 A 项。 35．词义猜测题。根据最后一段中尾句“that if we don’t take care of the earth, no one will”可知 the bigger picture 指的是保护地球的责任。故选 D 项。 C 篇 CADA 【解析】本文是说明文，主要介绍了根据文化相对主义，艺术作品在永恒受欢迎的原因是人 类的审美具有共同性，并且就此展开说明。 28．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句话 The values of artistic works, according to cultural relativism(相对主义), are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions.可知根据相对 主义，艺术作品就是把艺术的价值与当地的社会经济条件结合在一块，故选 C 项。 29．推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，在日本的音乐厅里发现莫扎特，就像在巴黎的画廊 发现日本画家弘之治一样，这并不罕见。因此推断，提到这些艺术家是为了说明艺术作品可 以超越国界，故选 A 项。 30．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话 In a 1757 essay, the philosopher David Hume argued that because“the general principles of taste are uniform(不变的) in human nature,”the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent. 可知 David 认为由于“品味的一般原则在人性中是不 变的”，某些艺术作品的价值可能本质上是永恒的。所以一些艺术是可能会永生的，故选 D 项。 31．主旨大意题。本文主要从相对论的角度来说，艺术的价值只能反应当时的社会经济，作 者提出不同的观点，探讨了艺术是普遍的观点。故 A 项“艺术价值是普遍的吗？”故选 A。 D 篇 CADC 【解析】这是一篇议论文。短文列举了关于意志力的几种研究和观点，作者认为有了明确的 目标，良好的自我监督和练习，就可以在面对诱惑时使意志力保持坚强。 24．细节推理题。根据第三段 Researchers don’t believe that one’s willpower is ever completely exhausted. Rather, people appear to hold some willpower in reserve, saved for future demands.可知， 研究人员不相信人的意志力会完全耗尽，他们还有备用的和为将来需求节省的意志力。所以 从文章中的研究我们了解到意志力几乎没有完全丧失。故 C 选项正确。 25．猜测词义题。由第三段“The right motivation allows us to tap into those reserves, allowing us to carry on even when our self-control strength has been run down.”可知，正确的动机使我们能够 利用这些储备，即使我们的自我控制能力已经被消耗殆尽，我们仍然可以继续前进。所以通 过上下文的语境，判断出“tap into”指利用，与 make use of 同义。故 A 选项正确。 26．推理判断题。根据第四段 While muscles become exhausted by exercise in the short term, they are strengthened by regular exercise in the long term. Similarly, regular practices of self-control may improve willpower strength.可知，虽然肌肉在短期内会因运动而疲惫不堪，但长期而言，它们 会通过经常锻炼而增强。同样规律的自我控制可以提高意志力。两者相比是为了说明同一个 道理：长期的锻炼和自我控制的好处。所以作者把自我控制比作肌肉是为了解释自我控制的 好处。故 D 选项正确。 27．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段 Taking goals one by one is a better approach. Once a good habit is in place, you’ll no longer need to draw on your willpower to maintain the behavior. Eventually healthy habits will become routine, and won’t require making decisions at all.可知，作者认为一个 接一个的制定目标是一个更好的方法。一旦养成好习惯，你就不再需要依靠意志力来维持自 己的行为。最终健康的习惯将成为惯例，而且不需要做任何决定。所以 C 项“I will read an English novel every month.”是先设立目标，然后成为好习惯，作者更喜欢这种目标。故 C 选 项正确。 【点睛】 根据事物的定义或者对事物总体的概括，从而判断出哪些具体事物或者具体的实践应该属于 定义的范围或者是概括的范围是我们经常见到的推理判断题的题型。要解决这样的判断题， 首先要讲对事物的定义或者对事物的总体概括要读清楚，然后根据对比 4 个选项，哪个选项 在定义或者概括范围内的。哪个就是正确的答案。 由倒数第二段 Taking goals one by one is a better approach. Once a good habit is in place, you’ll no longer need to draw on your willpower to maintain the behavior. Eventually healthy habits will become routine, and won’t require making decisions at all.可知，作者认为一个接一个的制定目标 是一个更好的方法。一旦养成好习惯，你就不再需要依靠意志力来维持自己的行为。最终健 康的习惯将成为惯例，而且不需要做任何决定。C 项“I will read an English novel every month.” 是先设立目标，然后成为好习惯，作者更喜欢这种目标。故小题 4 的正确选项为 C 选项。 七选五 CEDAG 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。改变你的生活可以是小而简单的步骤。你可以通过积极的改变 来改变你自己，过上更好的生活。这里有一些选择将会导致你的转变。 36．上文提示“一些坏习惯似乎在我们没有意识到的情况下依然存在。”再根据下文提示“你可 以克服它们，找到更好的选择，并通过你的奋斗来成为一个更好的你！”承接上下文，C 项 Make the choice today that you won’t be ruled by them.（今天就做出选择吧，你将不会被他们所统治。） 切题。故选 C。 37．上文提示“人们很容易陷入固定的生活方式中。”再根据下文提示“在选择成长的过程中， 你塑造性格，培养自己的长处，意识到需要改进的地方，并成为你成功的全面发展的人。”承 接上下文，E 项 However, with re-evaluation and growth comes a beautiful freedom.（然而，重新 评价和成长带来了美丽的自由。）切题。该项中的 growth 与下文的 grow 相吻合。故选 E。 38．上文提示“你在哪里需要平衡？你们都在工作，不玩耍吗？还是相反?”下文提示“如果你花 太多的时间在工作或独自呆着，那就找时间进行社交互动和娱乐。”承接上下文，D 项 Neither extreme will lead you to a pleasant life for very long.（这两种极端都不会让你在很长一段时间里 过着愉快的生活。）切题。该项中的 this 指的就是上文所提示的内容。故选 D。 39．此处是一个小标题，根据上下标题可知答案在 A/B 中选择。本段内容提示“这对人类的生 存至关重要。我们需要家庭成员和朋友建立的爱的纽带。”由此推知，A 项 Choose to spend time with those you love（选择花时间和你爱的人在一起）。Love 是关键词，故选 A。 40．上文提示“无论付出什么代价，都要选择去追求那些激情。这可能意味着你要清空你的日 程表，或者做一些你从未做过的事情。”承接上文，G 项 However, the reward from success and personal accomplishment will be worth it.（然而，成功和个人成就的回报是值得的。）切题。该 项中的 the reward 和 be worth 与上文中的 whatever cost 构成一种转折关系，故答案为 G。 【点睛】 在做七选五时一定要注意 and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/in addition/what’s more 等词汇、固定结构的运用。它们连接了上下文，起着承上起下的作用。像 but（但是）、 however（然而），表示转折，这说明前后的内容相反或相对。把握住这一点，做起题来就会得 心应手。本题第 5 小题，G 项 However, the reward from success and personal accomplishment will be worth it.（然而，成功和个人成就的回报是值得的。）切题。该项中的 the reward 和 be worth 与上文中的 whatever cost 构成一种转折关系。 完形填空 41．C 42．A 43．B 44．C 45．D 46．D 47．A 48．C 49．B 50．D 51．C 52．B 53．D 54．A 55．A 56．C 57．D 58．B 59．B 60．A 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文中讲述了一位教授通过考试给即将毕业的大学生们一个忠告： 即使学完了四年的大学课程，学生们对于这门学科的很多知识还是不了解的，也就是学无止 境。多年后学生们忘记了这位教授的名字，可是他的这一教导却铭记在作者心中。 41．考查名词辨析。A. seconds 秒；B. hours 小时；C. minutes 分钟；D. days 天。句意：在 一栋大楼的台阶上，一群工程学大四学生聚集在一起，讨论几分钟后就要开始的考试。由下 文可知学生们正在去考场的路上，所以肯定是过一会就要考试了即几分钟之。故 C 选项切题。 42．考查名词辨析。A. graduation 毕业；B. discussion 讨论；C. education 教育；D. interview 面 试。句意：这是他们毕业和工作前的最后一次考试。根据上文的 It was the last day of the final examination in a large eastern university 可知，他们考完试就可以毕业了。故 A 选项切题。 43．考查情态动词辨析。A. must 必须；B. would 将要；C. have to 不得不；D. used to 过去常常。 句意： 有些学生谈论着他们已经找好的工作，其他人谈论将会找到的工作。一些人在讨论已 经找到的工作，有的人在讨论将会找到的工作。所以 would“将要”符合句意。故B 选项切题。 44．考查名词辨析。A. hold 握住；B. charge 费用；C. control 控制；D. place 地方。句意： 凭着对四年大学生活的把握，他们觉得已经做好了准备，能够征服世界了。根据生活常识可 以判断出，即将毕业的学生都充满了自信，凭借着自己的专业，觉得 能够征服世界了。take control of “控制”符合句意。故 C 选项切题。 45．考查形容词辨析。A. interesting 有趣的；B. hard 难的；C. unusual 不平常的；D. easy 容易 的。句意： 他们知道，马上就要进行的考试，只是小菜一碟，因为教授说了，他们可以带任 何想带的书或纸条进来，只要求他们在考试过程中不能相互交谈。由下文可知，教授说他们 可以带任何书籍或者笔记去参加考试，因此他们认为这次考试肯定是非常容易的。故 D 选项 切题。 46．考查形容词辨析。A. no 没有的；B. either 任一的；C. all 所有的；D. any.任何的。句意： 他们知道，马上就要进行的考试，只是小菜一碟，因为教授说了，他们可以带任何想带的书 或纸条进来，只要求他们在考试过程中不能相互交谈。教授允许他们带任何的书籍。any“任 何的”符合句意。故 D 选项切题。 47．考查动词短语辨析。A. talk to 与...交谈；B. look at 看；C. refer to；参考 D. listen to 听。句 意： 他们知道，马上就要进行的考试，只是小菜一碟，因为教授说了，他们可以带任何想带 的书或纸条进来，只要求他们在考试过程中不能相互交谈。教授唯一的要求就是他们不可以 相互之间讨论。也就是要求他们自己答自己的卷子。故 A 选项切题。 48．考查副词辨析。A. nervously 紧张地；B. quickly 快地；C. joyfully 高兴地；D. curiously 好 奇地。句意： 他们欢快地进了考场，教授把考卷发给他们。他们认为试卷将会很简单，所以 他们很开心地进入了考场。故 C 选项切题。 49．考查动词辨析。A. changed 改变；B. appeared 出现；C. froze 使结冰；D. stopped 停止。句 意：当同学们看到只有 5 个问答题时，脸上露出了笑容。由“they noted(注意到) there were only five essay-type questions”可知，他们发现题目很简单，只有五个论文类型的问题，所以脸上露 出了笑容。故 B 选项切题。 50．考查从属连词辨析。A. then 然后；B. as 当…时；C. after 在…以后；D. before 在...之前。 句意：三个小时过去了，教授开始收卷子。分析句子可知，本句为 before 引导的时间状语从 句，表示教授开始收卷子之前过去了三个小时。故 D 选项切题。 51．考查形容词辨析。A. pleased 高兴的；B. surprised 惊讶的；C. worried 担忧的；D. moved 感动的。句意：他环视了一下面前这些忧郁的脸，问道：“有多少人完成了这 5 道题？” 没 有一个人举手。由上文的“On their faces was a frightened expression”可知，他们很害怕，很忧 郁。故 C 选项切题。 52．考查副词辨析。A. Once 曾经；B. Not 不；C. Only 仅仅；D. Even 甚至。句意：他环视了 一下面前这些忧郁的脸，问道：“有多少人完成了这5 道题？” 没有一个人举手。由后文“Still no hands”可知，没有人完成五道题，所以没有人举手。故 B 选项切题。 53．考查代词辨析。A. all 所有；B. none 一个也没有；C. it 它；D. one 一个人（或事物）。句 意：总有人做完一道题吧。由上文“One, then”可知，教授此时问的是有没有人完成了一题。 故 D 选项切题。 54．考查动词辨析。A. expected 预料；B. enjoyed 喜欢；C. hated 讨厌；D. wondered 想知道。 句意：教授放下了试卷。“这就是我所预料的。”他说。这个考试结果是教授所预料的结果。 故 A 选项切题。 55．考查从属连词辨析。A. even though 尽管；B. as though 好像；C. now that 既然；D. right now 马上。句意：“我只是想让你们留下一个深刻印象，尽管你们学完了四年工程学，仍然有很 多这个专业的东西你们还不懂。分析句意可知，本句为 even though 引导的让步状语从句。故 A 选项切题。 56．考查名词辨析。A. exam 考试；B. question 问题；C. subject 学科；D. college 大学。句意： “我只是想让你们留下一个深刻印象，尽管你们学完了四年工程学，仍然有很多这个专业的 东西你们还不懂。教授所出的问题一定是与本学科和本专业相关的问题。所以教授想告诉同 学们，尽管你们学完了四年工程学，仍然有很多这个专业的东西你们还不懂。故 C 选项切题。 57．考查形容词辨析。A. valuable 有价值的；B. difficult 困难的； C. strange 陌生的；D. common 常见的。句意：你们回答不了的这些问题在日常应用中是常见的。为了给他们留下深刻的印 象，教授选择的问题都是生活中常见的问题。故 D 选项切题。 58．考查动词辨析。A. fail 失败；B. pass 通过；C. take 拿；D. start 开始。句意：他微笑着说： “你们都将通过这门课，但是要记住——即使你已经大学毕业，你的教育也只不过是刚刚开 始”。这是大学毕业前的最后一次考试，教授想告诉学生们一个道理，而不是不让他们通过考 试。所以教书微笑着说：“你们都将通过这门课，但是要记住——即使你已经大学毕业，你 的教育也只不过是刚刚开始。故 B 选项切题。 59．考查动词辨析。A. completed 完成；B. begun 开始；C. failed 失败；D. succeeded 成功。句 意：他微笑着说：“你们都将通过这门课，但是要记住——即使你已经大学毕业，你的教育 也只不过是刚刚开始。教授想告诉学生们，大学即是 4 年学业的结束，同时也是新的学习的 开始。故 B 选项切题。 60．考查动词辨析。A. weakened 减弱；B. remembered 记得；C. strengthened 加强；D. forgot 忘记。句意：” 岁月模糊了这位教授的名字，但他教的这堂课却一直留在记忆里。故由“The years ” 可知，岁月让我们记不清这位教授的名字了。A 选项切题。 语法填空 本文是一篇科普文章。如果一个人形机器人请求你不要关掉它，你会表示同情吗?文章介绍了 被称作 Nao 的乞讨机器人。 61．考查过去分词。句意：在一项旨在了解人们如何对待机器人的实验中，许多参与者都在 努力切断一个名叫“机器人”的乞讨机器人的电源。此处 experiment 和 intend 之间是一种被动关 系，是过去分词作后置定语，故答案为 intended。 62．考查定冠词 the。句意：这项实验是由德国的研究人员进行的，他们的研究结果发表在科 学杂志 PLOSOne 上。此处特指上文提到的实验，故答案为 The。 63．考查被动语态。句意：这项实验是由德国的研究人员进行的，他们的研究结果发表在科 学杂志 PLOSOne 上。此处 findings 是定语从句的主语，复数形式，和 publish 之间是被动关系， 结合句意这里应该是一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为 were published。 64．考查定语从句。句意：Nao 被设计要求大约一半的参与者不要关掉它但不是另一半，他被 用来测量是否他的乞求影响了人们的反应。此处 Nao 是先行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定 语从句中作主语，故答案为 which。 65．考查固定结构。句意：Nao 被设计要求大约一半的参与者不要关掉它但不是另一半，他被 用来测量是否他的乞求影响了人们的反应。be used to do sth.被用来做某事，故答案为 to measure。 66．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在之前的一项实验中，研究人员发现，人们更喜欢与与 自己性格互补的机器人交流。此处 own“自己的”，是形容词，后面省略了名词，前面用形容词 性的物主代词，故答案为 their。 67．考查现在分词。句意：由于机器人既可以用人类的声音说话，也可以表现出人类的身体 形状，因此研究表明，人们倾向于“对它们做出社交反应”。此处是现在分词作后置定语，故答 案为 speaking。 68．考查副词。句意：由于机器人既可以用人类的声音说话，也可以表现出人类的身体形状， 因此研究表明，人们尤其倾向于“对它们做出社交反应”。此处是副词修饰动词，故答案为 especially。 69．考查名词。句意：研究人员说，他们的研究结果的一个可能解释是，人们认为 Nao 的乞 讨行为是“自己做出决定的一个信号”。此处是形容词修饰名词，故答案为 explanation。 70．考查固定搭配。句意：研究人员说，他们的研究结果的一个可能解释是，人们认为 Nao 的乞讨行为是“自己做出决定的一个信号”。regard---as---“把---当作---”，故答案为 as。 【点睛】 分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。 先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题第 4 小题中，先行词为名词 Nao，指物，再分析先行词 Nao 在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词 Nao 带到从句中可知，只能作主语，且是非限制性定语 从句，故确定关系词为 which。 改错 1、but→and 2、others →other 3、here→ there 4、are→were 5、simply→simple 6、加 was 7、去掉 a 8、lesson→lessons 9、realized→ realizing 10、becoming→become 【解析】 试题分析：在暑假时，李磊和其他志愿者一起去一个小镇上支教。 【小题 1】but→and 考查连词。上下文之间是并列关系，不是转折，所以用 and。 【小题 2】others →other 考查形容词。 Other volunteers=others，别的志愿者，所以用 other。 【小题 3】here→there 考查副词。他发现人们住在那里，故用 there。 【小题 4】are→were 考查时态。全文使用的是过去时态，用 were。 【小题 5】simply→simple 考查形容词。修饰名词用形容词，故用 simple。 【小题 6】加 was 考查固定词组, be used to（doing）sth 习惯于做某事 【小题 7】去掉 a 考查冠词。At night 在晚上，固定搭配，去掉 a。 【小题 8】lesson→lessons 考查名词。可数名词，用复数，所以用 lessons。 【小题 9】Realized→Realizing 考查动词。非谓语动词，动词与主语之间是主动关系，用 Realizing。 【小题 10】becoming→become 考查固定用法。Make up one’s mind to do sth 下定决心做某 事 ，用 become。 考点：考查了动词、副词、冠词、名词、形容词、时态等的用法 书面表达 Dear Jenny, How is your survey on mobile payment going? I’m glad I can help with it. It is generally believed that China is the largest mobile payment market. Nowhere else is the cashless trend more obvious than in China. Most of us are used to paying by scanning QR codes whatever we buy—books, clothes, and electronic devices, to name a few, which is a glimpse into the life of most Chinese like me and my family. With the widespread use of mobile payment, Wechat or Alipay is the most convenient and safest way to pay. We rarely need to carry a wallet or cash at all. Besides, never will we worry about getting fake notes or having to count change. In short, mobile payment has greatly changed people's life in China. Personally, I think mobile payment should be encouraged. First, it has won over consumers with its convenience. Another advantage is that there are often discounts if you make mobile payment, as major online payment platforms are competing to have more consumers use their service. I hope my explanation can be of some help to you. Wish you good luck. Yours faithfully, Li Hua