2018-2019学年黑龙江省大庆市铁人中学高二下学期期末考试英语试题 解析版 36页

铁人中学2018级高 二 学年 下 学期 期末 考试 英语试题 试题说明：1、本试题满分 150 分，答题时间 120 分钟。‎ ‎2、请将答案填写在答题卡上，考试结束后只交答题卡。‎ 第一部分 语言知识运用（单项选择，共20小题；每小题1分，共20分）‎ 请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ ‎1.Cassie got himself into an embarrassing situation ______ none of the publishers would touch her and publish her new works.‎ A. that B. when C. as D. where ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：卡西陷入了一个尴尬的境地，没有一个出版商愿意接触她，出版她的新作品。本句为定语从句修饰先行词situation，且从句中不缺少主语、宾语，故用关系副词where。通常先行词为situation, case, point，scene时，关系副词用where或in which。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】定语从句 复合句考查的重点之一，对于定语从句，要做到四点：一是准确判断出该句是定语从句；二是找准先行词；三是分析出从句所缺少的成分；四是掌握关系词的基本用法。只有做到这三点才能准确的判断出该使用哪个关系词。本题中考查的是定语从句的关系词，首先判断出这是个定语从句，其次找出先行词是situation，再次现行词在从句中充当缺少地点状语，最后根据关系词的基本用法，可知，此处用where。考生按照这个方法便能准确判断出关系词。‎ ‎2.一一Guess what? I happened to meet Mary in the street yesterday.‎ ‎-If my memory serves me correctly, you two ______each other for almost ten years.‎ A. haven’t seen B. hadn't seen C. didn’t see D. don’t see ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查时态。句意：—猜测发生了什么事情？在上个星期的聚会上我碰巧遇见了Mark。—如果我没有记错。你们有10年没有见面了吧！根据句意是指在上个星期见面之前，他们有10年未见了。上个星期使用一般过去时，故在这之前使用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。故B正确。‎ ‎3._______ is known to us all that the old scientist, for _______ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties.‎ A. As; whose B. It; who C. As; whom D. It; whom ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查主语从句和定语从句。句意：众所周知，这位年老的科学家，过去他的生活很艰难，在他八十多岁时仍然努力工作。It is known to us all that是个固定句型，意思是“众所周知”，这里it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，如果用as的话，as is known to us all后面要用逗号与后面的句子隔开，没有that；第二空中句子包含一个“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，指人，只能用whom，故选D。‎ ‎4.Although “all-round educational development” has been advocated in China for years, students are still________ mainly by their test scores.‎ A. evaluated B. determined C. educated D. instructed ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然素质教育的发展在中国已经倡导多年，但是现在主要还是按照分数来评价学生。A. evaluated评估，评价；B. determined决定；C. educated教育；D. instructed教导。故选A。‎ ‎5.— Mr. Priestly has just accepted our offer over the phone．‎ ‎— Good, but you must ask him to ______ it in writing．‎ A. consume B. confirm C. consult D. conduct ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：——普里斯特利先生刚刚在电话里接受了我们的提议。——很好，但你必须让他书面确认。A. consume假设；B. confirm确认；C. consult咨询；D. conduct进行。根据上文Mr. Priestly has just accepted our offer over the phone.可推知，是书面确认，故选B。‎ ‎6.—Look! Mary is crazily looking for something again!‎ ‎— _____ , she can’t find her keys.‎ A. Typically B. Occasionally C. Accordingly D. Particularly ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：-看!玛丽又在疯狂地找东西了!-一向如此，她找不到钥匙了。A. Typically 典型；B. Occasionally偶尔；C. Accordingly因此；D. Particularly特别是。这里的 typically相当于in a way that a person or group is generally believed to behave “一向如此”，故选A。‎ ‎7.【2018·江苏】_______ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.‎ A. Once B. Unless C. If D. When ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 考查连词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：除非你能睡好，否则一两个晚上之后，你会失去专注、计划的能力和保持积极性。A. Once一旦；B. Unless除非；C. If如果；D. When当……时候。故选B。‎ 点睛：本题考查连词辨析。解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系语境进行判断，从而选出正确答案。‎ ‎8.Had he taken his parent’s advice, he ______ having made such a silly mistake now.‎ A. would not regret B. would not have regretted C. may not regret D. may not have regretted ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】: 考查混合虚拟语气。句意：如果他听了父母的劝告，他现在就不会后悔犯了这样一个愚蠢的错误了。本句考查if引导的混合条件虚拟语气，即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同，分析本句可知，从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在状况相反，故从句中用had done结构，主句中用would/could/ might/ should do形式，又从句中有助动词had，should或者were，可以将其提前，省略if，从句If he had taken his parent's advice可以写成Had he taken his parent's advice.本题选A。‎ ‎【点睛】虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：‎ ‎ ‎ 条件从句的谓语动词形式 主句谓语动词形式 与过去事实相反的假设 had done would/could/might/should have done 与现在事实相反的假设 过去时(was→were)‎ would/could/might/should do 与将来事实相反的假设 过去时 (was→were ) ; ‎ should do;‎ were to do would/could/might/should do 通常，在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式，从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的，如果两者时间不一致，此时就是混合型虚拟语气。混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”，即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同，采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。‎ 如本句Had he taken his parent’s advice, he would not regret having made such a silly mistake now. 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设。故A选项正确。‎ ‎9.The question came up at the meeting ______ we had enough money to conduct the research.‎ A. what B. if C. that D. whether ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查同位语从句连接词。句意：会上提出了我们是否有足够的钱进行这项研究的问题。whether引出同位语从句，说明the question的内容，表示“是否”，而if不能引出同位语从句。故选D。‎ ‎10.Seeing the happy ________ of children playing in the park, I’m overjoyed and sure of the future of our country.‎ A. sight B. view C. scene D. sign ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到孩子们在公园里玩耍的快乐场面，我欣喜若狂，对我们国家的未来充满信心。A. sight视力；眼界；见解；B. view视野；意见；风景；C. scene场面；情景；D. sign标志；符号。根据语境，此处表达“看到孩子们在公园嬉戏的快乐情景（scene）”之意，scene常指包含人的活动的场景，其他三项均不符合语境，故选C。‎ ‎11.— Henry, can you go to the concert tonight?‎ ‎— I'm afraid I can't. I will give the ticket to ________ wants to enjoy it.‎ A. someone B. whomever C. everyone D. whoever ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】‎ 考查宾语从句。句意：--亨利，今晚你能参加音乐会吗？ --恐怕不行。我把票给想要看它的人。分析句子结构可知，介词to后跟宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指人，其意相当于anyone who，故填whoever，选D。‎ ‎12.“How could you treat me like that?” John asked his wife, eyeing her angrily from _______ the kitchen table.‎ A. at B. across C. through D. on ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ ‎ 【详解】‎ 考查介词搭配。句意：约翰问他妻子：“你怎么能这样对待我”，从餐桌对面生气的看着她。这里的across表示“在……对面”，A. at在…地方， C. through穿过…内部，D. on在…上面，都不符合句意，所以选B。‎ ‎13.— Could you help me take care of my pet dog on the 19th?‎ ‎— I’m afraid I’m not ____________ that day.‎ A. vacant B. sufficient C. available D. convenient ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ ‎ 【详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. vacant空缺的，B. sufficient足够的，充足的， C. available可获得的，可利用的，有空的，D. convenient方便的，句意：--19号你能帮助我照看我的宠物狗吗？--恐怕那天我没有空。Convenient的主语不能是人，选C。‎ ‎14.It has been announced that all the students ____ put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with SARS virus.‎ A. shall B. will C. need D. may ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 【详解】‎ 考查情态动词。句意：学生们应在去学校之前带上口罩以防感染禽流感，这已经被广泛的接受。Shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁，故选A项。‎ ‎15.Whitney Houston’s sudden death suggests that drug abuse is such a serious problem ________ we should deal with it appropriately.‎ A. as B. that C. which D. where ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 【详解】‎ 考查结果状语从句。句意：歌手惠特尼休斯顿的突然离世表明滥用毒品是如此严重的问题，以至于我们应该正确处理这一问题。 此处用that，与such呼应，引导结果状语从句，译为“如此以至于 ”。故选B。选项A是易混项， such ……that 和such…. as均为固定搭配，区别在于such ……that可 引导状语从句，such…. as引导定语从句，as代指先行词，在定语从句充当主语或宾语等成分，而该句空格后从句中不缺少主语或宾语等成分，判断出这不是定语从句，故排除A。所以答案是B。‎ ‎16.This is the largest clock in the world, ______ the minute hand is six meters long.‎ A. of which B. whose C. which D. of that ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：这是世界上最大的钟，它的分针有6米长。分析句子结构可知，本句为“介词+关系代词“引导定语从句结构，修饰先行词clock，且先行词在定语从句中作of的宾语，指物，故选A。‎ ‎17.Such poets as Shakespeare ______ widely read; however, some _____ difficult to understand.‎ A. are; are B. is; is C. are; is D. is; are ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：虽然像莎士比亚这样的诗人（写的诗）被大众广泛地阅读，但是有一些却很难理解。主句中的主语为poets，因此谓语动词要用复数；第二空主语为some（poets），谓语动词仍要用复数。故选A。‎ ‎18.I think it a great honor _____ to visit your country.‎ A. to invite B. inviting C. having invited D. to be invited ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查不定式用法。本句中不定式to be invited to visit your country是真正的宾语，it是形式宾语。句意：我认为被邀请来参观你们的国家是一件十分荣幸的事情。故D正确。‎ ‎【点睛】本句考查不定式作真正的宾语，it是形式宾语。it做形式宾语，通常和下列动词连用： consider, think, make, find, believe, feel, guess。一般说来，当不定式、动名词、从句等用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，就应在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。‎ ‎19.________ by the teacher, they didn’t make such mistakes.‎ A. Having been warned B. Having warned C. Warning D. Being warned ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于受到老师的警告，他们没有犯这样的错误。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故warn只能作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语they构成被动关系，故用过去分词；其次“受到警告”的动作发生在“犯错误”之前，故应用现在分词完成式的被动语态Having been warned，故选A。‎ ‎20.The guide told them not to eat the mushroom, ______ that there was a risk of food poisoning.‎ A. explained B. explaining C. to explain D. having explained ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：导游告诉他们不要吃蘑菇，并解释说有食物中毒的危险。本句已经存在谓语动词，且句中没有连词，故explain只能作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语构成主谓关系，用现在分词，作伴随状语。故选B。‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Auctions (拍卖行) are everywhere. Here are just a few standouts and some of the areas they specialize in. All have brick-and-mortar (实体的) sales rooms in addition to online buying.‎ Leslie Hindman Auctioneers Headquarters (总部): Chicago Founded: 1982‎ Best bets: contemporary art, jewelry The founder, Leslie Hindman, has been on an expansion kick from her Chicago base and now runs eight offices across the country. Ms. Hindman said that plenty of items sell at her house for around $500. As in the auction world generally, jewelry and contemporary art receive lots of attention from bidders (出价者), and in 2017 a diamond ring sold for $97,000.‎ Swann Auction Galleries Headquarters: New York Founded: 1941‎ Best bets: books, works on paper, African-American art Founded as a rare-book auctioneers, Swann still holds dozens of such sales a year. The president, Nicholas D. Lowry, noted that Swann was the first auction house to sell old photographs, in 1952. The house has also had a department of African-American art for 12 years.‎ Stair Galleries Headquarters: Hudson, N. Y.‎ Founded: 2001‎ Best bets: English and Continental furniture and paintings, modern and contemporary art Colin Stair, the founder and president, comes from a long line of antiques dealers. Stair is frequented by dealers and bargain hunters, and it’s a place to find interesting things like a Gorge I carved walnut wing armchair, coming up as part of a sale on April 28 and 29.‎ Heritage Auctions Headquarters: Dallas Founded: 1983‎ Best bets: coins, sports memorabilia, movie posters With roots in coin auctions Heritage has grown quite large. But their bread and butter are items that the company president, Greg Rohan, calls “the kinds of things that everyone has.” “People aren’t buying what we’re selling for decoration or for resale,” he added. “They’re buying things they absolutely love.”‎ ‎21. At which place can you buy old photographs?‎ A. Stair Galleries. B. Heritage Auctions.‎ C. Swann Auction Galleries. D. Leslie Hindman Auctioneers.‎ ‎22. Who once sold antiques?‎ A. Colin Stair B. Greg Rohan.‎ C. Leslie Hindman. D. Nicholas D. Lowry.‎ ‎23. What can be learned about these auctions?‎ A. They all sell valuable artworks. B. They all have online shops.‎ C. They are all run by local people. D. They are all located in New York.‎ ‎【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四家拍卖行，以及各自擅长的领域。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Swann Auction Galleries部分第二句The president, Nicholas D. Lowry, noted that Swann was the first auction house to sell old photographs, in 1952.（总统Nicholas D. Lowry在1952年指出，斯旺是第一家出售旧照片的拍卖行。）可知，你可以在Swann Auction Galleries买到旧照片。故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Stair Galleries部分中第一句Colin Stair, the founder and president, comes from a long line of antiques dealers.可知，该公司创始人兼总裁科林•斯泰尔(Colin Stair)出身于古董商世家，即Colin Stair曾经售卖古董。故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句All have brick-and-mortar (实体的) sales rooms in addition to online buying.可知，这些店铺都有网上商店，故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】细节理解题解题方法 细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。但高考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。‎ 做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：‎ ‎1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。经常有新技术对将来人们工作和生活不良影响的预测，但事实证明结果并不是那样，我们有必要否定预测，以减少人们的恐惧。‎ ‎2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。‎ ‎3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。‎ 如小题二，根据Stair Galleries部分中第一句Colin Stair, the founder and president, comes from a long line of antiques dealers.可知，该公司创始人兼总裁科林•斯泰尔(Colin Stair)出身于古董商世家，即Colin Stair曾经售卖古董。故选A。‎ B John Blanchard was studying the crowd making their way through the station. He was looking for the girl whose heart he knew, but whose face he didn't, the girl with the rose.‎ When reading a book in a Florida library a year before, John became interested not in the contents of the book, but in the notes penciled in the margin (空白处). The handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and beautiful mind. He discovered the former owner's name in the front of the book: Miss Hollis Maynell.‎ He located her address and wrote a letter introducing himself. The next day he was shipped overseas to serve in the army. During the next year, they grew to know each other through the mail and their friendship developed. John requested a photograph, but she refused, saying if he really cared, it wouldn't matter what she looked like. When the day finally came for him to return home, their first meeting was suggested-7:00 pm at the Grand Central Station in New York.‎ She wrote, "You'll recognize me by the red rose I wear on my coat." So now John was in the station to meet the girl with a rose.‎ As a pretty and slim girl in green came over, John noticed her blue eyes like flowers in spring. He walked directly towards her, entirely forgetting she was not wearing a rose. As John came closer to her, he saw another woman with a red rose stood nearby. Well past 40, this woman had graying hair done under a worn hat. Seeing the girl in green walk quickly away, John felt as if he were split (劈开) in two. He desired to follow that girl, but longed for the woman whose spirit had truly companioned and supported him.‎ The woman looked gentle and sensible. John went to her, saying, "I'm Captain John ‎ Blanchard. You must be Miss Maynell. I am glad to meet you here. May I take you to dinner?"‎ She replied with a smile, "I don't know what this is about. But the lady in green who just went by, begged me to wear this rose on my coat. She said if you asked me out to dinner, I'd tell you she is waiting for you in the big restaurant across the street. She said it was some kind of test!"‎ ‎24. John was eager to know the former owner of the book because ________.‎ A. he was very interested in the contents of the book B. he was impressed by the notes written by the owner C. the book offered him practical and valuable advice D. there was address of the former owner in the book ‎25. What happened to John after trying to get in touch with Miss Hollis Maynell?‎ A. He began to serve the army abroad. B. He was seriously wounded in the war.‎ C. He went on a business tour in Europe. D. He asked Miss Maynell for a photo.‎ ‎26. What do we know about the woman with a rose?‎ A. She was Miss Maynell’s close companion B. She was a conductor working in the station.‎ C. She knew nothing about John’s appointment.‎ D. She was paid to carry out a love test on John.‎ ‎27. Which would be the best title of the text?‎ A. The Meeting in the Station B. A Meeting by Accident C. A Soldier and a Girl D. Love Test ‎【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述的是Miss Hollis Maynell和John Blanchard在多年交流以后的初次见面的戏剧的故事。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中John became interested not in the contents of the book, but ‎ in the notes penciled in the margin (空白处). The handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and beautiful mind.可知，约翰很想认识这本书的前任主人，是因为他对主人写的笔记印象深刻。故B正确。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句The next day he was shipped overseas to serve in the army.（第二天，他被派往海外服兵役。）可知，约翰试图与霍利斯·梅奈尔小姐取得联系后他开始在国外服兵役。故A正确。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段She replied with a smile, "I don’t know what this is about. But the lady in green who just went by, begged me to wear this rose on my coat."可知，这个女的对于这一切一无所知，只是Miss Hollis Maynell临时找来的。故C正确。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。本文讲述的是Miss Hollis Maynell和John Blanchard在多年交流以后的初次见面的戏剧的故事，Miss Hollis Maynell设置了一个小小的考验。故D正确。‎ ‎【点睛】本文讲述的是Miss Hollis Maynell和John Blanchard在多年交流以后的初次见面的戏剧的故事。本文考查细节题为主，细节题可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息， 或是其变体。搜查信息在阅读中非常重要它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法， 即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。‎ 如第二题，根据第三段第二句The next day he was shipped overseas to serve in the army.（第二天，他被派往海外服兵役。）可知，约翰试图与霍利斯·梅奈尔小姐取得联系后他开始在国外服兵役。故A正确。‎ C Harry, the first camel to arrive in Australia in 1840, was an unlucky beast. He was imported from the Canary Islands by explorer John Horrocks. On an expedition (探险), Horrocks picked up his gun in order to shoot “a beautiful bird to be added to the collection.” Perhaps Harry was an ecologist — he lurched (突然倾斜), and the gun ‎ discharged, shooting Horrocks in the face.‎ Horrocks not surprisingly died of his injuries, and his treatments ordered Harry to be shot. The first importation of a camel into Australia came to naught.‎ In 1860, 24 camels arrived in Australia to be part of an expedition by explorers Robert O’Hara Burke and William John Wills. It was an unlucky expedition. The pair made one mistake after another, and ended up eating most of their camels, before starving to death.‎ Six years later, more than 100 camels and their Afghan minders, arrived in Australia. This time it succeeded and thousands more camels followed.‎ Sir Thomas Elder set up the first camel studs (种畜场) in South Australia, while others were set up in Western Australia. This time the camels bred (繁殖) like wildfire. They were used for working, rather than exploring expeditions.‎ The imported Afghan cameleers were just as hardy and vital, leading camel trains across the cruel interior (腹地) of Australia, where few dared to go. The camels carried heavy packs of wool and supplies and opened up the desert areas as none had managed to do before. The train that does this crossing today is called The Ghan, in their honor.‎ Motorization put these camel trains out of business, and many camels were turned loose. The camels loved Australia, and multiplied in amazing numbers. What is to be done with them?‎ Not surprisingly they have become quite a tourist attraction and you can take a camel ride in the desert as the Afghan cameleers once did. But the fact is that camels create quite a problem in areas where they have taken over, as they damage local vegetation, muscle out native animals competing for food, and create chaos when they wander into settled area.‎ ‎28. What do we know about Harry?‎ A. He caused the death of an explorer. B. He was shot by his owner.‎ C. He was interested in ecology. D. He arrived in Australia by accident.‎ ‎29. What does the underlined part “came to naught” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?‎ A. Started. B. Failed.‎ C. Got limited. D. Got protected.‎ ‎30. What’s the sixth paragraph mainly about?‎ A. Camels’ character. B. How camels were imported.‎ C. Camels’ contribution to Australia. D. Why camels could survive in Australia.‎ ‎31. Which of the following is TRUE about today’s camels in Australia?‎ A. They are raised in studs. B. They are decreasing in numbers.‎ C. They are causing a lot of trouble. D. They are popular with the locals.‎ ‎【答案】28. A 29. B 30. C 31. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了澳大利亚引进骆驼的历史和影响。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 细节理解题。第一段最后一句Perhaps Harry was an ecologist — he lurched (突然倾斜), and the gun discharged, shooting Horrocks in the face.以及第二段第一句Horrocks not surprisingly died of his injuries可知，Harry造成了一位探险家Horrocks的死亡。故选A。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据上文Horrocks not surprisingly died of his injuries, and his treatments ordered Harry to be shot.可知，Harry导致了探险家Horrocks的死亡，因此Harry也被射杀了，因此第一次进口到澳大利亚骆驼失败了。故划线部分意思为“失败；不成功”，故选B。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第六段第二句The camels carried heavy packs of wool and supplies and opened up the desert areas as none had managed to do before.（骆驼驮着沉重的羊毛和物资，开辟了沙漠地带，这是以前没有人能做到的。）可知，第六段描述骆驼为澳大利亚作出的贡献。故选C。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句But the fact is that camels create quite a problem in areas where they have taken over, as they damage local vegetation, muscle out native ‎ animals competing for food, and create chaos when they wander into settled area.可知，如今澳大利亚的骆驼在它们已经占领的地区造成了相当大的问题，因为它们破坏了当地的植被，迫使当地的动物争夺食物，当它们漫步进入定居地区时，还会造成混乱。故选C。‎ D Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually lasts only between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.‎ The first kind of loneliness is temporary. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation－for example, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year.‎ The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic(长期的) loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problem socializing and becoming close to others unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.‎ Many researchers agree that the loneliest people are between the ages 18 and 25, so a group of psychologists decided to study a group of college students. They found that more than 50% of the students were situationally lonely at the beginning of the term as a result of their new circumstances, but had adjusted after a few months, 13% were still lonely after seven months due to shyness and fear. They felt very uncomfortable meeting strangers, even though they understood that their fear was not reasonable. The situationally lonely students overcame their loneliness by making new friends, but the chronically lonely remained unhappy because they were afraid to do so.‎ Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two ‎ reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease. While temporary and situational loneliness can be a normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a very sad, and sometimes dangerous condition.‎ ‎32. How would you treat temporary loneliness according to the passage?‎ A. Talk to friends. B. Go to see a doctor.‎ C. Just ignore it. D. Ask your teacher for guidance.‎ ‎33. In the last sentence of the second paragraph, “it” refers to _______.‎ A. temporary loneliness B. sleeplessness C. a new place D. situational loneliness ‎34. All of the following are true EXCEPT that ________.‎ A. situational loneliness can cause physical problems B. temporary loneliness does not need special attention C. chronic loneliness can cause problems in socializing D. 37% of the students can overcome loneliness easily ‎35. Where can we probably read the passage?‎ A. Comic books. B. A novel.‎ C. A magazine. D. A diary.‎ ‎【答案】32. C 33. D 34. D 35. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了三种孤独的类型，分别是暂时性孤独、情境性孤独以及最严重的长期孤独，以及习惯性孤独的形成原因。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention.可知，暂时的孤独通常很快消失，不需要任何特别的注意。即对待暂时的孤独人们会通常忽略它。故选C。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据上文The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation－for example, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches ‎ and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year. 可知，第二种是情境性孤独，是特定情境的自然结果，例如，爱人去世了，或者搬到了一个新的地方。虽然这种孤独会导致身体问题，如头痛和失眠，但通常不会持续一年以上。可推测此处it指代上文situational loneliness，即情境性孤独。故选D。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“They found out that more than 50% of the students were situationally lonely at the beginning of the term as a result of their new circumstances, but had adjusted after a few months.”可知，超过50%的人开始会情境性地孤独，had adjusted after a few months说明他们很容易地克服了孤独，而不是37%，所以D项与文中内容不符。故选D。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，说明了三种孤独的类型，分别是暂时性孤独、情境性孤独以及最严重的长期孤独，以及习惯性孤独的形成原因。因此最有可能来自一本杂志，故选C。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Last week after my motorcycle crashed on the freeway, I wanted only two simple things from technology: to call 911 and tell loved ones where I could be found. ___36___ When she opened Google Maps, she could see precisely where I was.‎ For years, tech companies have offered different ways for people to tell one another where they are. ___37___ If used carelessly, location tracking may hurt your privacy. But used thoughtfully, it can be a powerful and efficient communication tool. ___38___‎ When you make plans to meet friends somewhere like a movie theater, get in the habit of sharing your location for a short duration, like an hour. This way you can skip saying things like “I’m on my way” or “I’m running a few minutes behind” because people can simply follow you on the map.‎ ‎___39___ Location sharing can be useful for being thoughtful (考虑周到的) of your partner’s time and space. For example, I am less likely to text my partner when I see she is at the office or driving on a freeway, but I will text when I see she is ‎ at the grocery store to ask her to pick something up.‎ Next time you plan an event at a large outdoor space, do your friends a favor: ___40___ Wandering around aimlessly in a crowded open space can be annoying.‎ A. Here are my suggestions for the best times to use it.‎ B. For safety reasons, avoid sharing your location publicly.‎ C. Use an app to share your current location so they can find you.‎ D. Consider sharing your location occasionally with your partner.‎ E. There are many ways for third parties to find out where we were.‎ F. Yet location tracking has caused disagreement for the last decade.‎ G. Before calling 911, I texted my partner who was already tracking my location with an app.‎ ‎【答案】36. G 37. F ‎ ‎38. A 39. D ‎ ‎40. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。科技的发展使得共享位置成为可能，但是什么情况下适合共享呢？这是一个问题。本文作者给出了几条建议。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 根据上文I wanted only two simple things from technology: to call 911 and tell loved ones where I could be found.（我只想从科技中得到两件简单的事情：拨打911，告诉所爱的人我在哪里。）中call 911 and tell loved ones可以对应到G选项中的calling 911, I texted my partner。带入后“在拨打911之前，我给我的伴侣发了短信，他已经在用一款应用程序跟踪我的位置。”符合语境；故选G。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 根据下文If used carelessly, location tracking may hurt your privacy.（如果使用不当，位置跟踪可能会损害您的隐私。）可知，位置跟踪引起了分歧和不同意见，故F选项“然而，在过去的十年里，位置跟踪引起了分歧。”符合语境。故选F。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 根据下文为三条关于共享位置的建议，可知本空应为提出“以下是我对共享位置最佳使用时间的建议。”故选A。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 根据下文Location sharing can be useful for being thoughtful (考虑周到的) of your partner’s time and space.（位置共享对于考虑伴侣的时间和空间是很有用的。）中的partner可锁定D选项中的partner，代入后“考虑偶尔和你的伴侣分享你的位置。”符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 根据上文Next time you plan an event at a large outdoor space, do your friends a favor:（下次你计划在大型户外活动时，帮你的朋友一个忙:）可知，C选项“使用一个应用程序来分享你当前的位置，这样他们就能找到你。”符合语境，是对前面内容的解释说明。其中they对应your friends。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】七选五 七选五题型看似简单，实际上有时完全作对并不容易，需要方法和分析能力及足够的耐力。这种题一般可从以下方面来做：‎ ‎（1）看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。‎ ‎（2）首先快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。‎ ‎（3）精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。‎ ‎（4）看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。如小题1，根据上文I wanted only two simple things from technology: to call 911 and tell loved ones where I could be found.（我只想从科技中得到两件简单的事情:拨打911，告诉所爱的人我在哪里。）中call 911 and tell loved ones可以对应到G选项中的calling 911, I texted my partner。带入后“在拨打911之前，我给我的伴侣发了短信，他已经在用一款应用程序跟踪我的位置。”符合语境；故选G。‎ ‎（5） 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。‎ 做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ It was Australia Day. We had spent the afternoon ___41___with friends. When we arrived home, the message bank on my mobile phone was flashing. It was our ___42___, Annabel, who had just been left at a boarding school over 500 kilometers away. Annabel’s ___43___ voice greeted us: “Hi, Mum and Dad, I’ve ___44___ my phone!” After just four days at school her main means of ___45___ had gone missing at an Australia Day celebration. We realized the chance of finding the phone were ___46___ for we hadn’t installed (安装) the Find My Phone app.‎ The next morning, my mobile beeped (发出哔哔声) loudly. When I replayed the ___47___ a kind voice announced that she had something that ___48___ my daughter and could I please call her back.‎ Annabel had ___49___ my number on the inside of her phone’s case — ____50____ thinking! “ I’ll take it to work ____51____ you see if anyone can pick it up,” she kindly offered after I ____52____ that my daughter was at boarding school and I lived a six-hour drive away.‎ After tracking the people I ____53____ who lived nearby, I was out of luck — no one was able to ____54____ the phone.‎ Later I decided to ask our angel (天使) to post the ____55____ to my daughter. But to my ____56____, this angel, who had already spent a busy day at work, was making a two-hour round trip on a Saturday night, especially to ____57____ a phone to a complete stranger.‎ I gave her ____58____ and she delivered the phone into the hands of my daughter. The only word of her explanation was: “I’ve got four ____59____ of my own. I know how a mother ____60____.”‎ ‎41. A. working B. training C. traveling D. celebrating ‎42. A. daughter B. friend C. neighbor D. teacher ‎43. A. tired B. excited C. relaxed D. concerned ‎44. A. fixed B. lost C. damaged D. received ‎45. A. escape B. transport C. expression D. communication ‎46. A. slim B. fair C. unique D. important ‎47. A. game B. video C. message D. conversation ‎48. A. moved B. changed C. belonged to D. appealed to ‎49. A. called B. written C. checked D. obtained ‎50. A. good B. critical C. honest D. quick ‎51. A. until B. since C. while D. unless ‎52. A. suggested B. explained C. predicted D. promised ‎53. A. know B. respect C. invite D. appreciate ‎54. A. pay for B. give up C. pick up D. look for ‎55. A. gift B. phone C. letter D. suitcase ‎56. A. satisfaction B. relief C. disappointment D. surprise ‎57. A. introduce B. mail C. return D. devote ‎58. A. support B. directions C. permission D. rewards ‎59. A. children B. students C. visitors D. passengers ‎60. A. wishes B. angers C. regrets D. worries ‎【答案】41. D 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. D 46. A 47. C 48. C 49. B 50. A 51. C 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. B 56. D 57. C 58.‎ ‎ B 59. A 60. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。记叙了一位好心人归还作者女儿遗失的手机的故事。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. working工作；B. training训练；C. traveling旅行；D. celebrating庆祝。根据上文It was Australia Day.可知，因为是澳大利亚国庆日，所以作者花了一下午和朋友们庆祝。故选D。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. daughter女儿；B. friend朋友；C. neighbor邻居；D. teacher老师。根据下文Hi, Mum and Dad可知，是作者的女儿，故选A。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. tired疲惫的；B. excited激动的；C. relaxed放松的；D. concerned关心的。句意：Annabel关切的声音向我们打招呼。故选D。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. fixed修理；B. lost丢失；C. damaged破坏；D. received接受。根据下文had gone missing可知，作者女儿的电话丢了。故选B。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. escape逃跑；B. transport运输；C. expression表达；D. communication交流。句意：仅仅在学校呆了四天，她在澳大利亚国庆日的庆祝活动上就丢失了主要的交流工具。电话是用来交流的，故选D。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. slim苗条的；微小的；B. fair公平的；C. unique独特的；D. important重要的。根据下文for we hadn’t installed the Find My Phone app可知，因为没有安装找手机的软件，因此手机找回来的可能性很微小。故选A。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. game游戏；B. video视频；C. message信息；D. conversation对话。根据上文The next morning, my mobile beeped (发出哔哔声) loudly.可知，作者收到了一条短信息，故选C。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. moved移动；B. changed改变；C. belonged to属于；D. appealed ‎ to呼吁；吸引。句意：当我重放这条信息时，一个亲切的声音说她有我女儿的东西，我可以给她回个电话吗?故选C。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. called称呼；B. written书写；C. checked检查；D. obtained获得。句意：安娜贝利把我的电话号码写在了她的手机盒里。故选B。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. good好的；B. critical批评的；C. honest诚实的；D. quick快的。女儿的这种做法让捡到手机的人及时联系到了作者，因此是好的想法。故选A。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查连词辨析。A. until直到；B. since自从；因为；C. while当……时候；D. unless除非。句意：我带着它去上班的时候，你看看有没有人能来拿手机。故选C。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. suggested建议；B. explained解释；C. predicted预测；D. promised承诺。根据下文that my daughter was at boarding school and I lived a six-hour drive away可知，作者是在解释自己的情况，故选B。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. know知道；认识；B. respect尊重；C. invite邀请；D. appreciate欣赏。句意：在询问了我认识的住在附近的人之后，我就没那么幸运了。故选A。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。A. pay for赔偿；付出代价；B. give up放弃；C. pick up捡起；获得；D. look for寻找。不幸的是没人能去拿电话。故选C。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. gift礼物；B. phone电话；C. letter信；D. suitcase手提箱。句意：后来我决定让我们的天使把电话寄给我女儿。故选B。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. satisfaction满意；B. relief安慰；C. disappointment失望；D. surprise惊讶。句意：但令我惊讶的是，这位已经忙了一天工作的天使，却在一个周六的晚上往返奔波了两个小时，尤其是要把手机还给一个完全陌生的人。故选D。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. introduce介绍；B. mail邮寄；C. return返回；归还；D.‎ ‎ devote致力于。好心人想要归还手机，故选C。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. support支持；B. directions方向；方位；C. permission允许；D. rewards奖励。句意：我给她指路，她把电话交到我女儿手里。give directions“指路”，故选B。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. children孩子；B. students学生；C. visitors游客；D. passengers乘客。根据下文a mother可知，她有四个孩子。故选A。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. wishes希望；B. angers愤怒；C. regrets遗憾；D. worries担心。因为有四个孩子，因此知道一位母亲的担心。故选D。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ A pale, yellow moon was rising as I was walking home from my friend’s house. We had spent the evening taking care ____61____ her younger sister and had watched two really frightening horror films on TV.‎ Imagine my shock when, suddenly, from the ____62____(distant) I heard a loud cry and saw a strange white form moving towards me at top speed through the air. I ______63______ (open) my mouth but no sound came out. The terror I felt stopped me _____64_____ (scream) for help. I fell to the ground and kept my eyes tightly shut, in case I would end up staring into the eyes of a terrible beast.‎ After a couple of ____65____(minute), when I realized that I hadn’t been hurt, I ___66___(careful) opened my eyes and looked around. It was then ___67___ I heard some sounds coming from a nearby tree. I looked up and saw a large, white owl sitting on a branch, watching me with what seemed to be a(n) ___68___(puzzle) expression on its face.‎ I could have kicked ____69____(I) for being so stupid. It’s strange how the mind can play tricks on you. I promised myself that that was_____70_____ last time I would go wandering around late at night after watching horror films!‎ ‎【答案】61. of 62. distance ‎ ‎63. opened 64. screaming ‎ ‎65. minutes ‎ ‎66. carefully ‎ ‎67. that 68. puzzled ‎ ‎69. myself 70. the ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者某天晚上看完恐怖片后回家遇到一只白色猫头鹰以后所发生的故事。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。句意：我们整个晚上都在照顾她的妹妹，在电视上看了两部非常恐怖的电影。短语take care of“照顾”，故填of。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：想象一下，当我突然听到远处传来一声大叫，看到一个奇怪的白色物体在空中以最快的速度向我移动时，我的震惊。根据上文the可知，应填名词distance。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。句意：我张开嘴，但没有声音出来。根据下文并列谓语came可知，应用一般过去时，故填opened。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：我感到的恐惧使我停止了呼救。短语stop sb doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”，故填screaming。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 考查名词的数。句意：几分钟后，当我意识到我没有受伤时，我小心地睁开眼睛，环顾四周。minute为可数名词，由a couple of修饰应用复数形式，故填minutes。‎ ‎【66题详解】‎ 考查副词。修饰动词open应用副词形式carefully。‎ ‎【67题详解】‎ 考查强调句。句意：就在那时，我听到附近一棵树上传来一些声音。本句为强调句，强调then，连接词用that。‎ ‎【68题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：我抬头一看，一只白色的大猫头鹰坐在树枝上，看着我，脸上似乎带着困惑的表情。表示“困惑的；迷惑的”，填形容词puzzled。‎ ‎【69题详解】‎ 考查反身代词。句意：我真该为自己的愚蠢而自责。根据上文I可知，应用第一人称单数形式的反身代词，故填myself。‎ ‎【70题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：我向自己保证，这是我最后一次在看完恐怖电影后在深夜四处游荡！短语the last time“最后一次”，故填the。‎ ‎【点睛】高考英语语法填空做题技巧 做题技巧一：考查动词时态，不给出明确时间状语：这种测试形式在高考单项填空题中非常有效的考查考生是否能灵活运用所学语法知识的能力，因此要指导考生学会认真分析上下文语境，从而能准确确定所要填的时态。高考单项填空题考查动词时态时，往往题干句无具体明确的时间状语，考生需对上下文语境进行分析，才能搞清所要考查的句子时态。‎ 如第三小题，考查一般过去时。句意：我张开嘴，但没有声音出来。根据全文语境为描述过去发生的事情，以及下文的并列谓语came可知应用一般过去时，故填opened。‎ 做题技巧二：明辨固定搭配置换迷雾现象：解答这类题时，考生应认真细心观察句子结构，尤其是一些常用句型转换、常用短语或从句关联词的割裂现象，高考命题是常常采用这种方式使短语或固定搭配中的某个成分不在原来位置，从而使该短语或固定搭配难以辨认。若考生对所学语言知识掌握得不好的话，在考试中是难以对这种现象做出正确的判断和抉择的。因此，这类题也是考生常常丢分的题。‎ 做题技巧三：明确省略成分，补全句子看清真面目 试题命制时，为使语言生动，自然、简洁，所以常常采用这种省略形式。解答这类题，首先要求考生弄懂句意，再根据所学语法知识将句子还原或补全，有助于考生快速地掌握句子的意思。不过这类现象多为同源主语的省略。‎ 做题技巧四：巧用结构分析句子，理顺还原本来面目 有些语法填空题的句子结构较复杂，迷惑性大，稍有疏忽，必定会受到干扰项的干扰，这时就需要耐心和细心地分析句子，弄清结构，再对照选项进行甄别选出正确选项。‎ 做题技巧五：语境背景要弄清，细心分析究根源 有些语法填空题常常在语境中考查考生对语言结构和语言知识 考查，这类题型是近年来常考题。这就要求考生要针对语境做细致的分析，以语境为切入点对测试题进行思考，分析，甄别和抉择。‎ 第四部分 写作（共三节，满45分）‎ 第一节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 根据所给首字母或者汉语提示填入单词，使句子完整。（单词范围为选修六和选修七一、二模块）‎ ‎71. Schooling in China between the ages of 6 and 15 is c______________________.‎ ‎72. It was very c________________ of you to let us know the meeting had been cancelled.‎ ‎73. She is not an amateur basketball player. On the contrary, she is a p_______________.‎ ‎74. P________________ is the art of taking photos.‎ ‎75. President Xi Jinping is gaining p______________ among the leaders all over the world.‎ ‎76. Harvey won a _____________(奖学金) with an annual worth of £5,000.‎ ‎77. The old man is enthusiastic about ____________(自愿的) work.‎ ‎78. Cycling is highly ________________(有益的) to health and the environment.‎ ‎79. Young people are supposed to ______________(陪伴) their parents when they have time.‎ ‎80. _______________(分析) the data carefully and you will draw a conclusion.‎ ‎【答案】71. compulsory ‎ ‎72. considerate ‎ ‎73. professional ‎ ‎74. Photography ‎ ‎75. popularity ‎ ‎76. scholarship ‎ ‎77. voluntary ‎ ‎78. beneficial ‎ ‎79. accompany ‎ ‎80. Analyse/Analyze ‎【解析】‎ 考查单词拼写 ‎【71题详解】‎ 句意：在中国，从6岁到15岁的教育是强制性的。根据上文is可知，应填形容词compulsory（强制性的）。‎ ‎【72题详解】‎ 句意：你想得真周到，让我们知道会议取消了。根据上文was可知，应填形容词considerate（体贴的）。‎ ‎【73题详解】‎ 句意：她不是业余篮球运动员。相反，她是个专业人士。根据上文is可知应填形容词professional（专业的）。‎ ‎【74题详解】‎ 句意：摄影是摄影的艺术。本句名词作主语，表示“摄影”，故填Photography。‎ ‎【75题详解】‎ 句意：习近平主席越来越受到世界各国领导人的欢迎。gain popularity“受欢迎”，故填名词popularity（流行）。‎ ‎【76题详解】‎ 句意：哈维获得了一笔每年5000英镑的奖学金。根据汉语意思可知，应填名词scholarship。‎ ‎【77题详解】‎ 句意：这位老人热衷于志愿工作。work为名词，需要形容词修饰，故填voluntary。‎ ‎【78题详解】‎ 句意：骑自行车对健康和环境非常有益。根据上文is可知，应填形容词beneficial。‎ ‎【79题详解】‎ 句意：年轻人应该在他们有时间的时候陪伴他们的父母。根据上文be supposed to do可知，应填动词原形accompany。‎ ‎【80题详解】‎ 句意：仔细分析数据，你会得出结论。本句为祈使句，句首动词用原形，故填Analyse/Analyze。‎ 第二节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎81.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Oseola McCarty spent more than 75 years washing and iron other people's clothes. Like a laundry woman, she was paid only a few dollar each time. Certainly nobody would consider her rich, but they were all amazed when Miss McCarty decided to donate $ 150,000 to the University of Southern Mississippi. She could save such large amount of money because of she lived a very simple life. She never learned to drive, and when she wanted to go somewhere, she just walked. She never flies to anywhere till the donation. Her donation was for students who clear needed financial help. He left school in the sixth grade and never got married or had children. She said to the reporters that the idea of helping somebody's child go to college gave her many pleasure.‎ ‎【答案】1.iron→ironing ‎2.Like→As ‎ ‎3.dollar→dollars ‎ ‎4.but→so ‎ ‎5.such后加a ‎6.because of的of去掉 ‎ ‎7.flies→flew ‎ ‎8.clear→clearly ‎ ‎9.He→She ‎ ‎10.many→much ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。记叙了一位洗衣女工向南密西西比大学捐款15万美元的故事。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：奥古拉·麦卡蒂花了75年多的时间为别人洗衣服和熨衣服。短语spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”后跟-ing形式，故iron改为ironing。‎ ‎2.考查介词。句意：作为一名洗衣女工，她每次的工资只有几美元。表示“作为；以……的身份”应用介词as。故Like改为As。‎ ‎3.考查名词的数。dollar为可数名词，由a few修饰应用复数形式dollars。故把dollar改为dollars。‎ ‎4.考查连词。句意：当然，没有人会认为她富有，所以当麦卡蒂小姐决定向南密西西比大学捐款15万美元时，他们都很惊讶。根据语境上下文为因果关系，故but改为so。‎ ‎5.考查冠词。句意：她可以节省这么一大笔钱，因为她过着非常简单的生活。短语a large amount of“大量；许多”，故such后添加a。‎ ‎6.考查介词。此处连接原因状语从句，应用连词because。故去掉of。‎ ‎7.考查动词时态。句意：在捐款之前，她从未飞往任何地方。根据全文描述，可知是过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，故flies改为flew。‎ ‎8.考查副词。句意：她的捐款是给那些显然需要经济帮助的学生的。修饰动词need用副词，故clear改为clearly。‎ ‎9.考查人称代词。句意：她六年级就辍学了，从未结过婚，也没有孩子。此处指代Oseola McCarty洗衣女工应用she。故He改为She。‎ ‎10.考查形容词。句意：她对记者说，帮助别人的孩子上大学给了她很多乐趣。pleasure为不可数名词，应用much修饰，故many改为much。‎ ‎【点睛】考短文改错考点层次一般而言可依次分为词法的测试、句法的测试和语篇的测试三个层面。考点层次越高，就越能测试出考生运用语言的能力。低层次的考点往往侧重于语法方面的考查，而高层次的考点往往侧重于考生对文章意义方面的理解。‎ 一、词法改错 词法的测试包括：定冠词和不定冠词的用法；名词的单复数和名词的所有格；动词的时态、语态、语气，情态动词和非谓语动词等；人称代词、人称代词的格、物主代词、指示代词、连接代词、不定代词等的用法；介词的搭配；并列连词、从属连词的用法；形容词、副词的区别以及比较级和最高级的用法；固定搭配和习惯用法。如第四小题，句意：当然，没有人会认为她富有，所以当麦卡蒂小姐决定向南密西西比大学捐款15万美元时，他们都很惊讶。根据语境上下文为因果关系，故but改为so。‎ 二、句法改错 句法的测试包括：主谓语在数上的一致性；名词性从句、定语从句和强调句；句子结构的连贯性、完整性、对等性和逻辑性。‎ 三、语篇改错 语篇的测试包括：上下文的时态是否一致；上下文中的代词指代是否一致；上下文中的逻辑关系是否一致 第三节 书面表达（满分 25 分）‎ ‎82.假设你是王林，参加了由Mr. White组织的伦敦游学夏令营，收获很大。请你给Mr. White发送一份电子邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 平安抵家；‎ ‎2. 主要收获；‎ ‎3. 表示感谢。‎ 注意：1. 词数100左右。‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎3. 开头结尾已给出。‎ Dear Mr. White,‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Wang Lin ‎【答案】Dear Mr. White,‎ After the pleasant summer camp, I have arrived home safely. I’m writing to mainly extend my heartfelt thanks to you for what you have done for me.‎ To begin with, under you guidance, I could enjoy some places of interest in London, which created a deep impression on me. Secondly, with you teaching me patiently, my spoken English has been improved greatly, which helped me regain confidence in learning English. But for your help, I wouldn’t have made such progress. Finally, I made some friends, from whom I learned a lot.‎ This valuable experience will prove to be the most memorable one, which should be owed to your hard work. Thank you again for your kindness.‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Wang Lin ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件；假设你是王林，参加了由Mr. White组织的伦敦游学夏令营，收获很大。请你给Mr. White发送一份电子邮件，内容包括：1. 平安抵家；2. 主要收获；3. 表示感谢。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：summer camp（夏令营），heartfelt thanks（衷心感谢），guidance（指导），deep impression（深刻印象）；regain confidence（重拾自信）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如To begin with, under you guidance, I could enjoy some places of interest in London, which created a deep impression on me.运用了非限定性定语从句；Secondly, with you teaching me patiently, my spoken English has been improved greatly, which helped me regain confidence in learning English.运用了with的复合结构。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎