长沙市望城区 2017 高考英语一轮完形和阅理基础选练（二） 8页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。长沙市望城区2017高考英语一轮完形和阅理基础选练（二）【由2014高考英语湖北省八校联考改编】完形填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenitisTom’sturnforacut,Mr.Smithplacesawoodenboardcoveredwithapieceofredleatheracrossthearmsofthechair,sothatthebarberdoesn’thavetobendtocuttheboy’shair.“Hey,youngman,you’re1,youwon’tneedthissoon,you’llbeabletositinthechair.”thebarbersays.“Wow,”saysTom,turningroundtolookathisdad.“Dad,Mr.SmithsaidIcouldbesittinginthechairsoon,notjustonthe2!”“SoIhear,”hisfatherreplies.“IexpectMr.Smithwillstart3memoreforyourhairthen.”Inthe4Tomseesalittleheadstickingoutofalongnyloncape.Occasionallyhe5glancesatthebarberasheworks.Hesmellsa(n)6ofsmellysweatandaftershaveasthebarbermovesaroundhim,combingandcutting.Tomfeelslikeheisinanotherworld,7exceptforthesoundofthebarber’sshoesrubbingontheplasticcarpetandthe8ofhisscissors.Inthe9fromthewindowhecouldseethroughthewindow,afewsmallcloudsmovedslowlythroughtheframe,movingtothe10ofthescissors’click.Sleepily,hiseyesdroppingtothefrontofthecapewherehishair11softlyassnowandhe12sittinginthechairjustlikethemenandolderboys,thespecial13leftleaningagainstthewallinthecorner.WhenMr.Smithhas14,Tomhopsdownfromtheseat.15,heseeshisownthick,16hairmixedamongthebrowns,greysandblacksofthemenwhohavesatinthechairbeforehim.Foramomenthewantstoreachdownand17thebrokenblondehair,to18themfromtheothers,buthedoesnothavetime.Theyreachthepavementoutsidetheshop.“Itellyouwhat,boy,let’sgetsomefishandchipstotakehome,19yourmumfromcookingtea,”saysTom’sdad.Tomisexcitedandcatcheshisdad’shand.Heissurprisedtofind,warminginhisfather’spalm,ahandfulofhisown20.1.A.buildingupB.sendingupC.bringingupD.shootingup8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。2.A.deskB.boardC.couchD.sofa3.A.payingB.blamingC.chargingD.accusing4.A.mirrorB.bookC.shelfD.catalogue5.A.stealsB.discoversC.returnsD.transforms6.A.lackB.memoryC.mixtureD.expression7.A.helplessB.noiselessC.fearlessD.thoughtless8.A.controlB.directionC.effectD.click9.A.immigrationB.oppositionC.reflectionD.assumption10.A.rhymeB.trailC.patternD.sound11.A.fallsB.coversC.meltsD.explodes12.A.considersB.succeedsC.approvesD.imagines13.A.packageB.benchC.scissorsD.carpet14.A.treatedB.compromisedC.finishedD.entertained15.A.LookingintoB.LookingforwardC.LookingupD.Lookingdown16.A.blondeB.redC.blackD.white17.A.sendforB.findoutC.gatherupD.showoff18.A.punishB.separateC.deliverD.confirm19.A.persuadeB.saveC.excuseD.relax20.A.moneyB.tipC.fishD.hair【参考答案】完形填空1—5、DBCAA6—10、CBDCD11—15、ADBCD16—20、ACBBD阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Doyouknowhowitiswhenyouseesomeoneyawnandyoustartyawningtoo?Orhowharditistobeamongpeoplelaughingandnotlaughyourself?Well,apparentlyit’sbecausewehavemirrorneurons(神经元)inourbrains.Putsimply,theexistenceofmirrorneuronssuggeststhateverytimeweseesomeoneelsedosomething,ourbrainsimitate(模仿)it,whetherornotweactuallyperformthesameaction.This8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。explainsagreatdealabouthowwelearntosmile,talk,walk,danceorplaysports.Buttheideagoesfurther:mirrorneuronsnotonlyappeartoexplainphysicalactions,theyalsotellusthatthereisabiologicalbasisforthewayweunderstandotherpeople.Mirrorneuronscanundoubtedlybefoundalloverourbrains,butespeciallyintheareaswhichrelatetoourabilitytouselanguages,andtounderstandhowotherpeoplefeel.Researchershavefoundthatmirrorneuronsrelatestronglytolanguage.Agroupofresearchersdiscoveredthatiftheygavepeoplesentencestolistento(forexample:“Thehandtookholdoftheball”),thesamemirrorneuronsweretriggeredaswhentheactionwasactuallyperformed(inthisexample,actuallytakingholdofaball).Anyproblemswithmirrorneuronsmaywellresultinproblemswithbehavior.Muchresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewithsocialandbehavioralproblemshavemirrorneuronswhicharenotfullyfunctioning.However,itisnotyetknownexactlyhowthesediscoveriesmighthelpfindtreatmentsforsocialdisorders.Researchintomirrorneuronsseemstoprovideuswithevermoreinformationconcerninghowhumansbehaveandinteract(互动).Indeed,itmayturnouttobetheequivalent(相等物)forneuroscienceofwhatEinstein’stheoryofrelativitywasforphysics.Andthenexttimeyoufeeltheurgetocoughinthecinemawhensomeoneelsedoes—well,perhapsyou’llunderstandwhy.1.Mirrorneuronscanexplain　　　.　A.whywecrywhenwearehurtB.whywecoughwhenwesufferfromacoldC.whywesmilewhenweseesomeoneelsesmileD.whyweyawnwhenweseesomeoneelsestayuplate2.Theunderlinedword“triggered”inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans“　　　”.　A.setoff　　　　B.cutoff　　　　　C.builtup　　　　D.brokenup8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。3.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatmirrorneurons　　　.　A.relatetohumanbehaviorandinteractionB.controlhumanphysicalactionsandfeelingsC.resultinbadbehaviorandsocialdisordersD.determineourknowledgeandlanguageabilities4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Waystofindmirrorneurons.　　　B.Problemsofmirrorneurons.C.Existenceofmirrorneurons.　　　D.Functionsofmirrorneurons.【参考答案】1—4、CAAD　　2015高考英语阅读理解（社会生活、说理议论）【2015·重庆】BInancientEgypt,ashopkeeperdiscoveredthathecouldattractcustomerstohisshopsimplybymakingchangestoitsenvironment.Modernbusinesseshavebeenfollowinghislead,withmoretactics（策略）.Onetacticinvolveswheretodisplaythegoods.Foeexample,storesplacefruitsandvegetablesinthefirstsection.Theyknowthatcustomerswhobuythehealthyfoodfirstwillfeelhappysothattheywillbuymorejunkfood（垃圾食品）laterintheirtrip.Indepartmentstores,sectionisgenerallynexttothewomen’scosmetics(化妆品)section：whiletheshopassistantisgoingbacktofindtherightsizeshoe,boredcustomersarelikelytowanderovercosmeticstheymightwanttotrylater.Besides,businessesseektoappealtocustomers’senses.Storesnoticethatthesmellofbakedgoodsencouragesshopping,theymaketheirownbreadeachmorningandthenfanthebreadsmellintothestorethroughouttheday.Musicsellsgoods,too.ResearchersinBritainfoundthatwhenFrenchmusicwasplayed,salesofFrenchwinewentup.8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。Whenitcomestothesellingofhouses,businessesalsousehighlyrewardingtactics.Theyfindthatcustomersmakedecisioninthefirstfewseconduponwalkinginthedoor,andturnitintoabusinessopportunity.ACaliforniabuilderdesignedthestructureofitshousessmartly.Whenenteringthehouse,thecustomerwouldseethePacificOceanthroughthewindows,andthenthepollthroughanopenstairwayleadingtothelowerlevel.Theinstantviewofwateronbothlevelshelpedsellthese$10millionhouses.40.Whydostoresusuallydisplayfruitsandvegetablesinthefirstsection?A.Tosavecustomerstimes.B.Toshowtheyarehighqualityfoods.C.Tohelpselljunkfood.D.Tosellthematdiscountprices.41.AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingencouragescustomerstobuy?A.Openingthestoreearlyinthemorning.B.DisplayingBritishwinesnexttoFrenchones.C.Invitingcustomerstoplaymusic.D.Fillingthestorewiththesmelloffreshbread.42.WhatistheCaliforniabuilder’sstoryintendedtoprove?A.Thehousestructureisakeyfactorcustomersconsider.B.Themorecostlythehouseis,thebetteritsells.C.Anoceanviewismuchtothecustomers’taste.D.Agoodfirstimpressionincreasessales.43.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainhowbusinessesturnpeopleintotheircustomers.B.Tointroduceshowbusinesseshavegrownfromthepast.C.Toreportresearchesoncustomerbehavior.D.Toshowdishonestbusinesspractices.8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。42.D推断题。根据最后一段提到Whenenteringthehouse,thecustomerwouldseethePacificOceanthroughtthewindows,andthethepoolthroughtanopenstairwayleadingtothelowerlevel.Theinstantofwateronbothlevelshelpedsellthese$10millionhouses当人们进入房间，看到窗外的太平洋和游泳池时，销售业绩会增长，故选D项。43.A推断题。本文在解释为什么要水果放要店里的最显眼的位置，目的是促进后面的商业交易，故选A项。【考点定位】社会生活类阅读。【名师点睛】对于社会生活类阅读，大多数是细节理解或推断题，考生要把握题干的大意，准备的定位，来找到相关信息。注意文章中的所给的汉语注释，不要由于紧张而对于whiletheshopassistantisgoingbacktofindtherightsizeshoe,boredcustomersarelikelytowanderovercosmeticstheymightwanttotrylater.这个词意有所忽视从而影响对于文章整体的理解。2015高考英语阅读理解（社会生活、说理议论）【2015·重庆】CJointhediscussion…LakeLander·2hoursagoToday,amantalkedveryloudonhisphoneonatrainbetweenMalvernandReading,makingmanypassengersupset.IwonderhowhewouldreactifIweretoreadmynewspaperoutloudonthetrain,Ihaveneverhadthecouragetodoit,though.Pak50····57minutesagoWhynotgiveitatry?Perhapsyoushouldtakelessonsonamusicalinstrument.ThelatemusicianDennisBrianissaidtohaveaskedafellowtrainpassengertoturnoffhisradio.Whenhis8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。requestwasrefused,hetookouthisFrenchhorn(号)andstartedtopractice.AngieO’Edema·42minutesagoIdon’tseehowmusicalinstrumentscanhelpimprovemannersinpublic.Don’tdotootherswhatyouwouldn’tliketobedonetoyourself.Once,apassengernexttometalkedoutloudonhismobilephone.Ileftmyseatquietly,givinghimsomeprivacytofinishhisconversation.Herealizedthisandapologisedtome.Whenhisphonerangagainlater,helefthisseattoanswerit.Yousee,abitofrespectandcooperationcandothejobbetter.Taodas·29minutesagoIdidreadmynewspaperoutloudonatrain,anditturnedoutwell.Theguytookitingoodpart,andwechattedhappilyallthewaytoEdinburgh.Sophie76·13minutesagoIhavenottriedreadingmynewspaperoutloudonatrain,but,severalyearsago,IreadsomechaptersfromHarryPortertomyboredandnoisychildren.SeveralpassengersseemedtoappreciatewhatIdid.44.ThepassengermadeanapologytoAngieO’Edemabecause____.A.heofferedhisseattosomeoneelseB.hespokeveryloudlyonhisphoneC.herefusedtotalkwithAngieD.heignoredAngie’srequest45.Whooncereadanewspaperoutloudonatrain?A.Pak50B.AngieO’EdemaC.TaodasD.Sophie7646.Whatisthediscussionmainlyabout?A.Howtoreacttobadbehavior.B.Howtokilltimeonatrain.C.Howtochatwithstrangers.D.Howtomakeaphonecall.47.Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Awebpage.B.Anewspaper.C.Anovel.D.Areport.8 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。46.A主旨大意。本文主要是对别人的不文明行为如何做出反应的一个讨论，故选A项。47.A推断题。本文是篇对于社会现象的讨论，根据出现的讨论的时间，彼此隔开时间不长，可知来自网络，故选A项。【考点定位】社会现象类阅读。8