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Unit 3 A taste of English humour
一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意
1．comedy n． 喜剧
2．moustache n. 小胡子
3．tramp n. 流浪汉；行乞者
4．chew vt.& vi. 嚼碎；咀嚼(食物)
5．mountainous adj. 多山的；山一般的
6．actress n. 女演员
7．pancake n. 烙饼；薄饼
8．detective n. 侦探
9．vast adj. 巨大的；辽阔的
10．charming adj. 迷人的；有魅力的
11．budget n. 预算；开支
12．porridge n. 粥；麦片粥
13．optimism n. 乐观；乐观主义
14．enjoyment n. 享受；欢乐；乐趣
15．snowstorm n. 暴风雪
16．costume n. 服装；戏装
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．content adj. 满足的；满意的
n. 满足
vt. 使满足
2．ordinary adj. 平常的；普通的
3．throughout prep. 遍及；贯穿
adv. 到处；始终；全部
4．overcome vt.& vi. 战胜；克服
5．outstanding adj. 突出的；杰出的；显著的
6．worn adj. 用旧的；用坏的；破烂的
7．gesture n. 姿态；手势
vi. 做手势
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8．occasion n. 时刻；场合
9．slide vt.& vi. (使)滑动；(使)滑行
n. 滑；滑动；幻灯片
10．whisper n. 耳语；低语
vt.& vi. 低语；小声说
11．homeless adj. 无家的；无家可归的
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．humour n．幽默；滑稽→humourous adj.幽默的；滑稽的
2．perform vt.表演→performer n．表演者；演出者→performance n．表现；表演；演出
3．astonish vt.使惊诧→astonishing adj.令人感到惊讶的→astonished adj.惊诧的→astonishment n．惊诧；震惊
4．fortune n．运气；财富→fortunate adj.幸运的；吉利的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地
5．entertain vt.& vi.使欢乐；款待→entertaining adj.愉快的；有趣的→entertainment n．娱乐
6．convince vt.使信服→convincing adj.令人信服的→convinced adj.坚信不疑的
7．direct vt.& vi.导演；指示；指挥adj.直的；直接的；直率的→direction n．指导；方向→director n．导演→directly adv.直接地；径直地conj.一……就……
8．particular adj.特殊的；特别的n.细节；细目→particularly adv.特殊地；特别地
9．amuse vt.使发笑；使愉快→amusing adj.好笑的；有趣的→amused adj.愉快的→amusement n．愉快；快乐
10．explain vt.解释；说明→explanation n．解释；讲解；说明
11．react vi.作出反应；回应→reaction n．反应；回应
12．bored adj.厌烦的→boring adj.令人厌烦的
13．fail vi.失败→failure n．失败(者)；失败的人或事
14．mess n．脏或乱的状态→messy adj.脏的，乱的
1.表示情绪的高频形容词集锦
①depressed 沮丧的
②delighted 欣喜的
③bored 厌烦的
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④disappointed 失望的
⑤blue 沮丧的
⑥sad 悲伤的
2.各种“惊讶”
①astonishing adj. 令人感到惊讶的
②astonished adj. 感到惊讶的
③amazing adj. 令人吃惊的
④amazed adj. 吃惊的
⑤shocking adj. 令人震惊的
⑥shocked adj. 震惊的
3.“满足；满意”家族
①content adj. 满足的；满意的
②satisfy vt. 使满意；满足
③satisfaction n. 满足；满意
④satisfied adj. 满意的
⑤pleased adj. 高兴的；满意的
⑥meet vt. 满足
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．feel/be__content__with 对……满足
2．up__to__now 直到现在
3．badly__off 穷的；缺少的
4．star__in 在……担任主角；主演
5．cut__off 切断；断绝
6．pick__out 挑出；辨别出
7．in__particular 尤其；特别
8．convince__sb.of__sth. 使某人相信某事
9．pick__up 收听；(偶然)学会
10．react__to 对……作出反应；回应
1.“v.＋out”常用短语荟萃
①pick out 挑出；辨别出
②run out 用光；耗尽
③give out 分发；耗尽；用光
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④turn out 结果是；生产
⑤work out 制定；解决；结果
⑥carry out 实行；实施
2.“作出反应”的各种表达聚集
①react to 对……作出反应；回应
②respond to 响应；回应……
③reply to 回答；答复……
④answer to 对……作出解释
⑤make response to 对……作出反应
⑥reflect on 反省；思考……
(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：as引导定语从句
As__Victor__Hugo__once__said,__“Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face” ...
维克多·雨果曾经说过：“笑容如阳光，能驱走人们脸上的冬天”……
句型2：分词短语作结果状语
Unfortunately his father died, leaving__the__family__even__worse__off...
不幸的是他的父亲去世了，使得他的家境更加艰难……
句型3：as if引导方式状语从句
Then he picks out the lace of the shoe and eats it as__if__it__were spaghetti.
然后他挑出鞋带来吃，像是吃意大利面条一样。
句型4：so...that...如此……以至于……，引导状语从句
The acting is so__convincing__that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted. 卓别林的表演是如此有说服力，以至于你会相信这顿饭是他所吃过的最美味的一顿。
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
1．(2019·浙江卷6月)They were not sure how the Americans would react(做出反应) to the new type of music.
2．(2019·浙江卷6月)First of all, uniforms help the school look smart.The students feel that they belong to a particular(特殊的) group.
3．(2019·江苏卷书面表达)As far as I’m concerned, the school uniforms are a better choice than the traditional Chinese dress for such an occasion(场合)．
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4．As is known to us all, Yuan Longping is a(n) outstanding(杰出的) Chinese scientist in agriculture.
5．The news that Tom was admitted into a famous university spread quickly throughout(遍及) the small village.
6．We can’t go abroad this year, so we’ll have to content(使满足) ourselves with a holiday in Shanghai.
7．His room is always in a mess(脏或乱的状态), so his mother always complains about it.
8．The scientist is trying to find a cure to help ordinary(普通的) people suffering from heart disease.
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ阅读A)Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green，about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star’s love during a crosscountry train journey.喜剧
2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ阅读B)Good Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role—showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.预算；开支
3．(2019·江苏卷阅读B)These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack，leaving behind a vast hole, the caldera.巨大的
4．(北京卷阅读B)My wife and I have used TV Ears almost daily for the past two years and find them a great help in our enjoyment of television.欢乐；乐趣
Ⅲ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The famous performer is said to have performed a humorous performance at yesterday’s evening party, which has a deep impression on the audience.(perform)
2．To my astonishment,__he didn’t feel astonished at the astonishing news that his brother died at all.(astonish)
3．Fortunately,__when he went abroad to try his fortune,__he gained great wealth.(fortune)
4．The children in the mountain village have no entertainment,__so their teachers often tell entertaining stories to entertain them after class.(entertain)
5．The boy is particularly interested in making model planes but he is not particular about what he eats.(particular)
6．After school, she directly went off in the direction of the cinema to see
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the new film directed by the famous director．(direct)
7．Although he failed many times, he didn’t admit he was a failure. He would face the challenge bravely and tried to achieve his goal.(fail)
8．She tried to convince me that I was mistaken. What she said was so convincing that I was completely convinced．(convince)
Ⅳ.选词成篇
be content with; cut off; up to now; pick out; star in
Some researches show that laughter can ease the physical tension and make us relaxed.That’s why Guo Degang’s crosstalk pieces are so popular with common people. 1.Up__to__now,__he has created more than one thousand crosstalk pieces, making him famous throughout China. But he 2.was not content__with his achievements and hosted a lot of entertainment programs on TV and radio. He has 3.picked__out many students, among whom Yue Yunpeng is the most outstanding and he has a special way to amuse his audience. He has even 4.starred__in several films. In order to create more crosstalk, Guo Degang and his men try not to be 5.cut__off from the outside world. They overcome all kinds of difficulties to satisfy their audience.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．常言道，只学习不玩耍，再聪明的孩子也会变傻。
As__the__old__saying__goes,__all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
2．我的车因交通堵塞而受阻，因此迟到了。
My car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing__the__delay．
3．杰克什么也没有说，但是老师对他微笑了，好像他做了非常明智的事情一样。
Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as__if__he__had__done__something__very__clever．
4．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)有如此多的著名艺术家出席今年的音乐节以至于我写信邀请你参加。
There are so__many__famous__artists present at this year’s music festival that I’m writing to invite you to attend.
content adj.满足的；满意的 n．满足；内容；包含物 vt.使满足
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①My parents are content to__live(live) in the country, where the air is fresh
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and clean.
②We should never content ourselves with the knowledge learned from the books.
③She dropped her purse and the contents(content) fell out on the floor.
[能力提升]——一句多译
依我看来，你一定不会满足于这么小的成就。
④From my point of view, you must not be__pleased__with__such__a__small__success．
⑤In my view, you must not be__content__with__such__a__small__success．
⑥As far as I’m concerned, you must not be__satisfied__with__such__a__small__success．,
(1)
(2)content oneself with 某人满足于
[佳句背诵] He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more content with their lives.
在人们感到沮丧的时候，他可以使他们开怀大笑，于是人们就对自己的生活感到更加的满足。
[联想发散] “对……满意”的常用短语小结：
①be content with；
②be pleased with；
③be satisfied with；
④be happy with.
astonish vt.使惊诧
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing(astonish) ways.
②(浙江卷)I was just astonished(astonish) at the question in my own mind.
[能力提升]——一句多译
她不在意我的感情， 这使我很吃惊。
③She didn’t care about my feelings, which__astonished__me．(定语从句)
④It__astonished__me__that she didn’t care about my feelings.(it作形式主语)
⑤What__astonished__me__was__that she didn’t care about my feelings.(what
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引导的主语从句)
⑥To__my__astonishment,__she didn’t care about my feelings.(astonishment)
(1)It astonishes/astonished sb. that...
令某人惊讶的是……
(2)astonishing adj. 令人感到惊讶的
astonished adj. 感到惊讶的
be astonished at/by sth. 因/对某事感到惊讶
be astonished to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶
(3)astonishment n. 惊讶
to one’s astonishment 令某人惊讶的是
[佳句背诵] He was astonished to see how his hometown had changed in the past 10 years.
他惊讶地看到他的家乡在过去的十年里发生了这么大的变化。
convince vt.使信服；使相信
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Our football team is firmly convinced of its victory over the visiting team.
②I’m afraid that I can’t accept your argument, for you haven’t offered enough convincing(convince) evidence.
[能力提升]——微写作
③(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)我是一名中国的大学生，专业是艺术，我现在在伦敦学习，所以我相信我可以成为一名有奉献精神的志愿者。
I’m a Chinese college student majoring in art and I’m studying in London now, so I am__convinced__that__I__can__be__a__devoted__volunteer．
(1)convince sb. of sth.
使某人信服某事
convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
convince sb. that... 使某人确信……
(2)convinced adj. 确信的；深信的
be convinced of/that... 确信……
(3)convincing adj. 有说服力的；令人信服的
[佳句背诵] The picture convinces me that it is even more important to be a good
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daughter than a good student. 这幅图画让我深信做一个好女儿甚至比做一个好学生更重要。
direct vt.& vi.导演；指示；指挥 adj.直的；直接的；直率的 adv.直接地
[一词多义]——写出下列句中direct的词性及含义
①A policeman stood in the middle of the road, directing the traffic.vt.指挥
②(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to midMarch.adj.直接的
③The film Miss Granny directed by Chen Zhengdao is popular with young people.vt.导演
④I’d appreciate it if you could direct me to the nearest cinema.vt.指导；指示
[能力提升]——一句多译
我一交上论文就发现我犯了个错误。
⑤I knew I had made a mistake directly__I__handed__in my paper.(directly)
⑥Hardly__had__I__handed__in__my__paper__when I knew I had made a mistake.(hardly...when)
⑦No__sooner__had__I__handed__in__my__paper__than I knew I had made a mistake.(no sooner...than)
(1)direct sb. to do sth. 指示/命令某人做某事
direct that...(should) do sth.
指示……(应该)做某事
(2)direction n. 方向；指示；说明书(复数)
in the direction of 朝……方向
under the direction of sb.
在某人的指导下
in every direction 朝四面八方
(3)directly adv. 直接地；径直地
conj. 一……就……
[佳句背诵] If you had read the directions carefully, some mistakes in the exam would have been avoided.
如果你仔细阅读过说明的话，考试中的一些错误会避免的。
[名师点津] 作“说明书”讲时， 一定用名词的复数形式directions, instructions。
particular adj.特殊的；特别的；挑剔的 n．细节；细目
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[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①He is a very openminded man, and won’t be particular about these small things.
②This kind of food is rich in nutrition, and in particular it contains a lot of minerals.
[能力提升]——微写作
③(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)在中国参加朋友的晚宴时， 你要行为举止恰当， 尤其要注意餐桌礼仪。
When you attend your friend’s dinner party in China, you’d better behave properly, particularly__paying__attention__to__minding__your__table__manners．
(1)be particular about/over sth.
对……讲究/挑剔
(2)in particular＝particularly
尤其；特别；格外
[佳句背诵] To be honest, we are particularly grateful to him for his timely help.
诚实地说，我们特别感谢他的及时帮助。
[联想发散] 表示“尤其；特别”的副词还有：specially,__especially等。
pick out 挑出；辨别出；挑选；领会；理解
[一词多义]——写出下列句中pick out的含义
①She was picked out from dozens of applicants for the job.挑出
②Although he had not seen his sister for twenty years, he picked her out as soon as she got off the plane.辨别出
③Having read the passage many times, I finally picked out its main idea.领会
[能力提升]——词汇升级
④(普通表达)I’m wondering if you can meet him at the airport at your convenience.(全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)
(高级表达)I am wondering whether you can pick__him__up at the airport at your convenience.
pick up 拾起，捡起；收拾，整理；(偶然)学会；用车接某人；收听到；身体好转
pick one’s pocket 扒窃，掏包
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[佳句背诵] The village officials are directed to pick out two villagers who are badly off and give them special help to get rid of poverty as soon as possible.
村官们被指示挑选出两名贫困的村民，并给予他们特殊的帮助，尽快让他们脱贫。
cut off 切断；断绝
[基础练习]——用cut的相关短语填空
①When Jason failed to pay his bill, the network company cut__off his Internet connection.
②It is bad manners for you to always cut__in when other people are talking.
③When you give a speech, you’d better cut__out unimportant details.
④She was really cut__up when all her friends refused to help her.
cut in 插嘴；打断(谈话)
cut down 削减；删节；砍倒
cut out 删掉；剪除
cut up 切碎；悲伤
[佳句背诵] The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
由于大雪，这个城镇与外界隔绝了。(北京卷)
as引导定语从句
(教材P18)As Victor Hugo once said, “Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face”．
维克多·雨果曾经说过：“笑容如阳光，能驱走人们脸上的冬天”。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)As is expected, I am quite qualified for the volunteer position.
②(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I can introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors, which can help them know more about Chinese culture.
③This is such a difficult question as nobody can work out.
＝This is such a difficult question that nobody can work it out.
④As is always the case with language learning, Mandarin learning also calls for lots of practice.
[能力提升]——完成句子
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⑤常言道：“良好的开端是成功的一半。”
As__the__saying__goes,__“A good beginning is half the battle.”
as既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句，as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
(1)as引导非限制性定语从句时，有“正如”之意，常放在主语之前。
(2)as引导限制性定语从句时，先行词常被the same, such, so等修饰。
(3)which引导非限制性定语从句，意为“这一点”，不可位于句首。
[佳句背诵] The air quality in the city, as is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months. 正如报道的一样，城市的空气质量在过去的两个月提高了。
分词短语作结果状语
(教材P18)Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse off. 不幸的是他的父亲去世了，使得他的家境更加艰难。
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①The news shocked the public，leading(lead)to great concern about students’ safety at school.
②They reached the company out of breath, only to__be__told(tell) they were fired.
[能力提升]——句式升级
③(普通表达)First of all, I speak English fluently. It allows me to communicate with visitors without delay.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)
(高级表达)First of all, I speak English fluently, allowing__me__to__communicate__with__visitors__without__delay．(分词作状语)
leaving the family even worse off为现在分词短语作结果状语。
(1)现在分词(短语)作结果状语常表示意料、情理之中的结果。
(2)不定式(短语)作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果。
[佳句背诵] The fire caused by the explosion lasted nearly a week, leaving nothing valuable.
由爆炸引起的那场大火持续了近一周，没有剩下什么值钱的东西。
Ⅰ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
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1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)This is quite important, because it is directly(direct) related to your commitment.
2．(2018·江苏卷)Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless(home) due to their wrong investment.
3．Some children were__sliding(slide) on the ice happily when they heard someone crying for help.
4．It is for these reasons that I am firmly convinced(convince) that this rule will promote the learning atmosphere and our teamwork spirit.
5．(2017·江苏卷)A quick review of successes and failures(fail) at the end of year will help shape your year ahead.
6．Occasions(occasion) are quite rare when I have the chance to spend a day with my kids.
7．(2018·天津卷)Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to__overcome(overcome)．
8．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions(react) slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills.
Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．Sam picked up some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.
2．Although his family was badly off at that time, his parents managed to send him to the best high school.
3．By this time of next year, all of you will__have__become(become) college students.
4．Some people, on losing a job or a special relationship, may feel as if it were(be) the end of the world.
5．The more__content(content) you are, the less need you’ll feel to try to increase your income.
Ⅲ.易错误用(改正下列句子中的错误)
1．The read room should be cleaned everyday to provide a comfortable environment for the readers.read→reading
2．It’s astonished that the famous actor was a completely unknown shop assistant a few years ago.astonished→astonishing
3．Sometimes I enjoy playing the piano，but sometimes I find it is really
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bored.bored→boring
4．With the electricity being cut off, all the machines had to stop working.删除being
5．Scientists are convinced the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health.在convinced后加of
Ⅳ.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ七选五)Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教学大纲) and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn’t hiding in plain sight.n.内容
2．(2017·北京卷阅读A)For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.n.衰竭
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ阅读D)We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style.adj.过时的
提能一 语段填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
(一)
As is known to us, the star has 1.been__picked(pick) out to play the leading role in the film. We’re 2.convinced(convince) that her silent acting will contribute to the success of the film, 3.making(make) her better known. In order to perform well, she has to train harder in a place which is cut 4.off from her fans.
(二)
Many people dream of becoming a famous star, 1.particularly(particular) young people. My wonderful performance in the activity convinced the director 2.of my ability and I was chosen to star in the film 3.directed(direct) by the director, which 4.astonished(astonish) my parents greatly. Though they were content 5.with simple life, they encouraged me to follow my dream.
提能二 话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
假设你是李华，你最喜欢的武侠小说家金庸先生因病去世，请你写一篇短文介绍他，并发表在校报上。内容如下：①他创作的武侠小说无数，都已被改编成电视剧；②英文版《射雕英雄传》去年出版，外国友人迷上中国功夫。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)
①令人吃惊的是，最有影响力的武侠小说家之一金庸先生因病去世。
It__is__astonishing__that one of the most influential martial art novelists,
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Jin Yong, passed away because of illness.
②众所周知，他创造的武侠人物使无数读者感兴趣。
As__is__known__to__all,__the martial art characters created by him have__interested__a__great__many__readers．
③一旦你看他的小说，你尤其会爱上那个精彩的武侠世界。
Once__you__read__his__novels,__you will in__particular__fall__in__love__with the wonderful martial art world.
④他的小说讲述的江湖故事，不仅令人愉快而且使我们感动。
His novels tell__of jianghu stories, which are not__only__entertaining__but__also__make__us__moved．
⑤到目前为止，他所有的武侠小说都改编成了电视剧，很多著名演员在其中扮演角色。
Up__to__now,__all of his novels have been adapted into TV series, and many__famous__performers__have__starred__in__them．
⑥他的小说《射雕英雄传》的英文版去年出版，使得很多外国人也乐于学习中国武术。
The English edition of his novel The Legend of The Condor Heroes came out last year, making__many__foreigners__content__to learn Chinese Kung fu.
2．升级平淡句
⑦用“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句升级句⑤
Up__to__now,__all__of__his__novels__have__been__adapted__into__TV__series,__in__which__many__famous__performers__have__starred.
3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：generally, actually)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
It is astonishing that one of the most influential martial art novelists, Jin Yong, passed away because of illness. As is known to all, the martial art characters created by him have interested a great many readers. Generally, once you read his novels, you will in particular fall in love with the wonderful martial art world. His novels tell of jianghu stories, which are not only entertaining but also make us moved. Actually, up to now, all of his novels have been adapted into TV series,
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in which many famous performers have starred.
The English edition of his novel The Legend of The Condor Heroes came out last year, making many foreigners content to learn Chinese Kung fu.
(建议用时：50分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·贵阳高三摸底)As the old saying goes, “Don’t judge a book by its cover.” And neither should we judge movie stars by their ages.
At just 21, Elle Fanning made history by becoming the youngest jury(评审团) member at the Cannes Film Festival. This year it lasted from May 14th to May 25th. “I was in complete shock when I got that phone call and that question if I wanted to be a member of the Cannes Jury，” Fanning said during a press conference.
As it turned out, it not only shocked the US actress，but also brought criticism from those who believed Fanning was too young compared to other veterans in the industry. But Fanning’s acting experience was in fact a good argument for her jury membership. In fact, Fanning has been a Hollywood fixture for longer than you realize.
The 21yearold has been in many big productions. She began acting in I AM Sam at age 3. With lead roles in movies like Super 8, We Bought a Zoo and Maleficent under her belt, she’s appeared in 60 projects and is one of Hollywood’s hottest young stars. Fanning’s devotion to work numbers her among the few former child stars who continue to act as adults.
In her latest movie Teen Spirit, which hit US cinemas last month, Fanning plays a pop singer. Since she had no singing experience, Fanning had to work with Grammywinning music producer Marius de Vries for three months before the filming started. “I would go to his apartment and sing through all the songs every day，” she said. “He videoed me and recorded me singing everything and made me watch it back again and again to improve my skills.”
With such rich acting experience and devotion to her art, Fanning certainly was able to “represent a new class in film” at the Cannes Film Festival.
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【解题导语】 21岁的艾丽·范宁成为戛纳电影节历史上年龄最小的评审团成员。凭借丰富的表演经验和对艺术的热爱，范宁无疑能够在戛纳电影节上“代表电影界的一个新阶层”。这告诉我们不要以年龄来评价电影明星。
1．What does the underlined word “veterans” probably mean?
A．Shocked actresses. B．Green hands.
C．Experienced people. D．Music producers.
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句可知，范宁当选为戛纳电影节评审团成员招致了一些人的批评，他们认为范宁与业内其他资深人士相比过于年轻；据此可推知，画线词意为“经验丰富的人，老手”，故C项正确。
2．In which film does Fanning play a pop singer?
A．I AM Sam. B．Super 8.
C．We Bought a Zoo. D．Teen Spirit.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“In her latest movie Teen Spirit...Fanning plays a pop singer.”可知，D项正确。
3．What does the writer think of Elle Fanning?
A．Wealthy. B．Devoted.
C．Considerate. D．Friendly.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段叙述的无唱歌经验的范宁为扮演一位流行音乐歌手所做的努力和尾段中的“With such rich acting experience and devotion to her art”可推知，作者认为范宁是一位对工作尽心尽力的演员，故B项正确。
4．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Elle Fanning’s earning her honor.
B．A person judged by appearance.
C．Introducing some famous films.
D．Elle Fanning’s presenting in a new film.
A 解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句“At just 21，Elle Fanning made history by becoming the youngest jury(评审团) member at the Cannes Film Festival.”并结合全文其他内容可知，本文主要讲述了21岁的艾丽·范宁成为戛纳电影节历史上年龄最小的评审团成员，并介绍了她的演艺经历，故A项正确。
B
(2020·太原高三模拟)Inside WeWork’s New York City headquarters on a Thursday morning, a handful of kids were selling carrots and peppers. The children are members of WeWork’s first school, WeGrow, where farming is part of the curriculum.
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They were interacting with WeGrow employees browsing the goods. “How many carrots would you like？” one girl asked. “We take Apple Pay，” another shouted.
Founded in 2010, WeWork has made a name for itself as a global network of coworking spaces. WeGrow is WeWork’s newest enterprise(事业) and its first attempt in the education industry.
WeGrow, a school which claims to grow “conscious leaders”， is inspired by the Montessori approach to learning that gives children the freedom to explore and choose their activities, so their nature of creativity and curiosity is preserved. But the goal is not to create nextgeneration CEOs. “Leadership is a bit of an exciting word for people，” said Rebekah, WeGrow’s founder and CEO. “We’ve seen children do such a thing forever—running a lemonade stand every time, that’s what that is.”
WeGrow opened in the fall last year. Currently, 46 kids are enrolled in classes from prekindergarten to fourth grade. The kids start every morning with live music, followed by yoga. They spend time in nature and choose to take either Hebrew or Mandarin courses. WeGrow students learn science, math, social studies and language arts. It also has a program for kids to connect with WeWork community members with careers in areas kids might be interested in. But the main concern is that standardized tests are not available to measure the students’ overall progress.
They want to create an environment where people can work to make a life and not just a living, but that’s part of a larger mission to raise the world’s awareness towards creating a world where people are happy and fulfilled and living in a sharing state.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了WeWork开设的第一所学校WeGrow的相关情况，包括其办校宗旨、学习内容等。
5．What do we know about WeGrow from the text?
A．It was founded in 2010.
B．It is intended for gifted kids.
C．It aims to preserve kids’ nature.
D．It got a lot of satisfaction from parents.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“that gives children the freedom to explore and choose their activities，so their nature of creativity and curiosity is preserved”可知，WeGrow给了孩子们探索和选择活动的自由，从而保护他们的创造力和好奇心的本性。故选C项。
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6．Which of the following reflects the Montessori approach?
A．All kids learn to run the lemonade stand.
B．Students are allowed to establish markets in the yard.
C．The school committee arranges students’ activities.
D．Students work hard academically to become CEOs.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的第一、二句和第三段第一句中的“is inspired by the Montessori approach to learning...their activities”可推知，学生们被允许在院子里设立市场可以反映出Montessori方法。故选B项。
7．Why is it hard to measure students’ progress?
A．Because there are so many courses.
B．Because the students are of a wide age range.
C．Because standardized tests have limitations.
D．Because the school lacks professional testers.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“But the main concern is that standardized tests are not available to measure the students’ overall progress.”可知，主要的担忧是，标准化考试无法衡量学生的整体进步。据此可推知，因为标准化考试有一定的局限性，所以很难衡量学生的进步。故选C项。
8．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．A Farmingfeatured School
B．An Educationbased Business
C．Grow to Be a Future Leader
D．Learn to Make a Life, Not Just Living
D 解析：标题归纳题。根据最后一段中的“They want to create an environment where people can work to make a life and not just a living”并结合文章其他内容可知，WeWork开设了第一所学校WeGrow，想创造一个人们能努力创造生活而不仅仅是谋生的环境。故选D项。
【难句分析】 WeGrow, a school which claims to grow “conscious leaders”， is inspired by the Montessori approach to learning that gives children the freedom to explore and choose their activities, so their nature of creativity and curiosity is preserved.
分析：so引导结果状语从句，which claims to grow “conscious leaders”为which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a school。
译文：WeGrow是一所声称培养“有意识的领导者”的学校，受Montessori学习方法的启发，这种学习方法给孩子们探索和选择他们的活动的自由，
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从而保护他们的创造力和好奇心的本性。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·济南高三质检)When I was young, my understanding of life was simple. This made it __1__ for me to deal with the world around me. As I grew up, things seemed more __2__， which made life more challenging. Now, middleaged, I find my __3__ of the world is returning to the simple.
When I try to teach my daughter important __4__ about life, I will break complicated things __5__ into small pieces. One of those basics is __6__， for yourself, and for others. I teach my daughter to __7__. To fail feels bad, __8__， but not to have tried feels worse, because you can’t respect yourself for it. And as the saying __9__， if you don’t respect yourself, no one else will.
When I was seven or eight, I played at my cousin’s house with his toys. His family was better off than mine, and he had many more toys. There was one __10__ that I’d always wanted, and I __11__ it into my pocket. But a moment later, I __12__， even at that age, that I would never enjoy playing with the toy. I would always know I had __13__， and my opinion of myself would __14__. When his mother dropped me off later that day, I shamefacedly __15__ out the toy and gave it back. She knew, I’m sure, what had happened, __16__ she thanked me and never spoke of it again.
I hope to help my daughter avoid similar __17__. She first has to gain selfrespect __18__ she can start respecting others. I believe in respect, because __19__ it we’re all enemies. I’m not __20__ in this regard, far from it. But I try my best, and I respect others for trying their best in this changing world.
【解题导语】 作者由儿时偷拿别人玩具的经历认识到尊重自己的重要性；于是，作者教女儿要尊重自己、尊重他人。
1．A.funnier B．easier
C．safer D．deeper
B 解析：根据上文中的“my understanding of life was simple”可知，那时“我”对生活的理解很简单，所以应付周围的事情就更加容易(easier)一些。故选B。
2．A.important B．awkward
C．fragile D．complex
D 解析：根据空后的“more challenging”可知，随着不断地长大，事情似乎更复杂(complex)了，这让“我”的生活更具挑战性。fragile意为“易碎的”。
3．A.view B．experience
C．aim D．expectation
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A 解析：根据本文第一句中的“understanding”可知，进入中年以后，“我”发现“我”对世界的看法(view)又重归简单。
4．A.basics B．facts
C．subjects D．choices
A 解析：根据下文的“basics”可知，此处表示当“我”在教女儿一些重要的生活基本原则(basics)时，“我”将复杂的东西分解成一个个小块。
5．A.away B．off
C．down D．out
C 解析：参见上题解析。break sth. down意为“分解某物”。
6．A.passion B．love
C．respect D．desire
C 解析：根据下文的“you can’t respect yourself for it”和下文多次重复出现的关键词“respect”可知，“我”教女儿的基本原则之一便是尊重(respect)，尊重自己，尊重他人。
7．A.forgive B．accept
C．share D．try
D 解析：根据下文的“not to have tried”可知，我教女儿去尝试(try)。
8．A.certainly B．eventually
C．personally D．willingly
A 解析：根据下文中的“not to have tried feels worse”可推知，失败的确(certainly)让人感到很糟糕，但是不去尝试会让人感觉更加糟糕。
9．A.runs B．goes
C．writes D．follows
B 解析：该空后面的“if you don’t respect yourself，no one else will”表示你不尊重自己，没有人会尊重你，是一句俗语，故用“as the saying goes”表示“常言道”。
10．A.for fun B．in particular
C．with care D．at random
B 解析：根据下文的“and gave it back”可知，“我”当时一直特别(in particular)想要其中的一件玩具，于是“我”就将它悄悄塞进了“我”的口袋里。
11．A.fetched B．arranged
C．slipped D．fitted
C 解析：参见上题解析。slip意为“悄悄塞”。
12．A.doubted B．promised
C．questioned D．sensed
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D 解析：根据下文中的“that I would never enjoy playing with the toy”可知，但是不久一会，即使那时那么年幼，“我”也能感觉到(sensed)，“我”再也不会喜欢玩这个玩具了。
13．A.lied B．stolen
C．changed D．cheated
B 解析：根据下文的“shamefacedly”可推知，“我”会一直记得自己偷了(stolen)东西，这让“我”对自己的看法变差(suffer)。
14．A.suffer B．improve
C．fade D．spread
A 解析：参见上题解析。
15．A.gave B．left
C．pulled D．handed
C 解析：根据空后的“gave it back”可推知，“我”羞愧地将玩具拿出来归还给她。pull out意为“拿出，掏出”。
16．A.so B．or
C．for D．but
D 解析：句意：她那时明白所发生的事情，但还是感谢我，并从未再提起这件事情。
17．A.accidents B．mistakes
C．results D．habits
B 解析：在文章第三段，作者讲述了自己当时的一个小的错误，即拿走了别人的玩具，因此作者希望自己能帮助女儿避免类似的错误。
18．A.before B．until
C．in case D．now that
A 解析：根据空前的“first”可知，她应该在学会尊重他人之前，首先学会尊重自己。
19．A.upon B．beyond
C．without D．despite
C 解析：根据文章最后一句可知，“我”尽“我”最大的努力，在这个变化的世界，“我”尊重其他人，因为他们也在尽最大的努力尊重“我”。由此可推知，如果没有尊重，人与人之间就都变成了敌人。
20．A.honest B．casual
C．curious D．perfect
D 解析：根据上题解析可知，在尊重他人方面，“我”不是完美的，且远远达不到，但是“我”会尽最大努力去做。故选D。
Ⅲ.书面表达
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(2020·豫南九校联考)假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Lisa打算参加她所在的中文俱乐部举办的中文诗歌朗诵比赛，向你寻求参赛建议，请你用英语给她写一封邮件。
注意：1.词数100左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Lisa，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__Lisa，
I’m delighted to know you are going to take part in a Chinese poetry reciting contest. The fact that you are so interested in Chinese culture makes me happy. Now I’d like to offer you some practical advice.
You should have a thorough understanding of what you are going to read. Only by doing this can you appreciate its beauty. Moreover, correct your pronunciation by listening to Chinese radio programs because all the announcers speak standard Chinese. What’s more, it is a good idea to make some Chinese friends and communicate with them as often as possible, which can improve your spoken Chinese.
Wish you good luck and success.
Yours，
Li__Hua
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