专题13 完形填空（命题猜想）-2018年高考英语命题猜想与仿真押题 79页

‎【考向解读】 ‎ 完形填空是在语篇中测试考生英语知识、阅读能力、思维能力和判断能力的综合性试题，是一种要求高、难度大、区分度高、分值大的题型。该题型要求考生综合运用各种知识，对给出的选项做出合理判断，以便使重新构建的文章主旨鲜明、文意通顺、逻辑合理。因此该题型难度较大。完形填空既可以在语篇中考查考生的词汇知识，又可以考查考生运用所学语言知识的能力，如词义辨析、词语搭配、习惯用法，包括语言交际、文化背景和社会风俗等，同时还要求考生必须具备良好地把握上下文行文逻辑的能力和整个篇章结构的能力。高考完形填空的命题将继续坚持“考查语境，突出语篇，注重实词，淡化语法”的命题原则，继续加大对实词意义辨析的考查力度，并突出考查考生的分析判断能力、连贯性思维能力和对语境的把握能力。 ‎ ‎【命题热点突破一】 利用上下文信息 考生从上下文寻找有关暗示及线索，如体裁线索、时态变化线索、词汇线索、句法线索、社会文化线索、上下文情景线索等，对文章的情景进行逻辑推理，抓住含有关键信息的词语，理顺句子之间的关系，仔细答题。‎ 例1、【2017·新课标I】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界） 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.‎ Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.‎ Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.‎ ‎【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对于食物中的脂肪和盐分，人们的态度不一。脂肪和盐分对于健康来说是必不可少的，但如果人们摄入过多的脂肪和盐分，自身的健康将会收到损害。‎ ‎61．as 考查介词。这个做法最初是医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的形式开始的。as表示“做为，以...身份”，故填as。‎ ‎66. worse 考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。故填worse。‎ ‎67. is 考查主谓一致。句意：快餐食物中充满了脂肪和盐。fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物，为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。‎ ‎68. eating 考查动名词。句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。根据前文中的by可知此处应该填名词，所以填eat的动名词形式。故填eating。‎ ‎69．careful 考查形容词。然而，注意不要走极端。分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词做表语，故填careful。‎ ‎70．which 考查非限制性定语从句。很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。分析可知which is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前文中的have too much of both“摄入过多的脂肪和盐”。故填which。‎ ‎1．上下求索找信息，即从全篇的上文、下文中寻找信息 每篇文章都有其内在的线索，而上下文则是营造语言环境的基础，也是进行逻辑推理的依据。通读全文大意，根据上下文寻找信息词，是提高准确率的关键。‎ ‎ (1)运用前置信息 ‎ (2016·全国Ⅰ片段)‎ Larry works with Transport Drivers，Inc.One morning in 2009，Larry was 41.traveling along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42.customers.Suddenly，he saw a car with its bright lights on.43.As he got closer，he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road.‎ ‎44．A.each B．another C．that D．his 答案　B 解析　前文提到he saw a car，走近之后，又发现了“另一辆”，故选another。‎ ‎(2)运用后置信息 例2、(2016·全国Ⅱ片段)‎ Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(装置) on your desk.And they’ve never actually 41.met you.Everything they know about you 42.came through this device，sometimes from hundreds of miles away.43.Yet they feel they can know you 44.just from the sound of your voice.That’s how powerful the 45 is.‎ Powerful，yes，but not always 46.accurate.For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone...‎ ‎45．A.telephone B．voice C．connection D．impression 答案　A 解析　考查上下文理解。根据46空后的“only by phone”可知本文介绍的是电话，人们可以通过电话了解你。故A项正确。‎ ‎2．巧妙利用平行结构，准确判断逻辑信息 平行结构指的是结构相同或相似、意思密切关联、语气一致的句子或词组成串排列的语言现象。平行结构形式上整齐匀称，内容上紧密相连。‎ 例3、(2016·全国Ⅰ片段)‎ One more look and he noticed 45.flames shooting out from under the 46.disabled vehicle.Larry pulled over，set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher(灭火器)．Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.‎ ‎47．A.got hold of B．prepared C．took charge of D．controlled 答案　A 解析　句意为：Larry停下来，刹住车，抓住灭火器。此处表示一连串的动作。根据常识和前后语境可知是“拿起”灭火器。‎ ‎3．利用作者的情感态度(褒贬性)，判断是非曲直 几乎每篇完形填空都有一定的作者情感态度，这种褒贬性反映了作者的特定心理、情绪状态和写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在吃透文意并准确传递文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息，找出能反映语境褒贬性的标志性词语或句子，大胆预测下文。‎ 例4、(2016·全国Ⅱ片段)‎ ‎...She gave me a 53.comforting smile，nodded while listening patiently，and then printed out the 54.ticket immediately.“What a wonderful lady！” I thought.‎ Rushing out 55.gratefully I called out over my shoulder，“By the way，what’s your name？”“I’m Rani，” she said.I turned around and saw a 56 woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip.I was 57.speechless！Why had I thought she was cold？Rani was，well，so 58 .‎ ‎56．A.careful B．serious C．nervous D．pleasant ‎58．A.calm B．nice C．proud D．clever ‎56．答案　 D ‎58．答案　 B 解析　由上文可知Rani帮助了作者，作者心存感激，并发出“What a wonderful lady！”的感慨，作者描绘Rani的词汇应该是褒义的，根据作者这种特定的心理，可选出56和58的答案。‎ ‎【命题热点突破二】固定搭配和词语辨析 固定搭配是高考完形填空的考查点之一。词语的固定搭配，特别是动词的搭配比例较大。考生平时应多读、多记所学习语或固定搭配并牢固掌握，灵活运用。‎ 例2.【2017·新课标II】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ___62__ word. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.‎ Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___66__(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day.‎ Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce)‎ ‎ of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎66.fairly 考查副词，这里fair是形容词，pleasant也是形容词，所以需要将fair变为副词来修饰形容词，故填fairly.‎ ‎67.it考查代词，这里用it指代前句的railway,故填it.‎ ‎68.managed 考查动词，本文全篇都是一般过去时，所以这里也应用一般过去时，故填managed.‎ ‎69.introduction考查词性转换，空格前是the,后面应该是名词，故填名词introduction.‎ ‎70.successful考查形容词，空格前是most,其后要跟形容词构成最高级，故填successful.‎ ‎1．左顾右盼——找搭配 弄清前后的习惯搭配或句式结构。‎ 注意：常常不止一个选项可以构成搭配关系，应该结合上下文和语境定夺。‎ 例1、(2016·四川片段)‎ Another 53.try was in order.“Well，if you don’t want to read it，give it 54 .Maybe your mom would 55.enjoy hearing the story.” The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede and she began to read it aloud...‎ ‎54．A.away B．out C．in D．back 答案　D 解析　考查固定搭配。根据后文的“The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede...”可知，德德姑姑是让莱内将书归还给她。give away分发，泄露；give out发出；give in屈服；give back归还。根据语境可知选D。‎ ‎2．避免只重语意，忽略习惯搭配 部分考生只是注重语境，忽视了词汇的习惯搭配。因此考生把握语境的同时，要注意填入的名词、形容词、动词与空格前后某个词汇的搭配，尤其注意与介词和副词的搭配。‎ 例2、(2016·天津片段)‎ Last summer，she wanted to 18.join our local swim team.She practiced hard and finally 19 it.The team practice, 20.however，was a rough start.‎ ‎19．A.increased B．found C．created D．made 答案　D 解析　make it固定搭配，意为“成功做成某事”。‎ ‎3．运用词语辨析选择判断 此类题目一般4个选项的词性相同、词义相近或相同。主要考查学生在具体语境中对所学词汇的辨析和运用能力。‎ 例3、(2016·全国Ⅱ片段)‎ Powerful，yes，but not always 46 .For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone.Rani，my faceless agent whom I’d never met 47.in person，got me rockbottom prices on airfares，cars，and hotels.‎ ‎46．A.direct B．useful C．easy D．accurate 答案　D 解析　考查形容词辨析。direct直接的；useful有用的；easy容易的；accurate准确的。本空前的but说明上下文之间是转折关系，电话虽然很强大，但是也并不是很准确。故D正确。‎ ‎【命题热点突破三】语法与逻辑结构 ‎【2017·新课标III】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course .But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (real)Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as 62 model in New York. ‎ ‎ Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year. Her father Peter44,want her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty she is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate).‎ She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture. ‎ Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (come) first.‎ ‎ I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my more."‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇人物类记叙文，介绍了Sarah Thomas在学业和诱人的职业面前所做出的选择，她认为在青少年时期学业要放在首位。‎ ‎61. resting考查非谓语动词。 固定短语：spend time doing sth ‎62. a考查冠词。 model是可数名词，前面没有限定词，而此处泛指 “一个”，故填a。‎ ‎63. was told 考查动词。根据句意判断谓语动词应该用一般过去时的被动形式，主语Sarah是第三人称单数，故填was told。‎ ‎1．语法结构 完形填空对语法知识的测试重点在名词、代词的数和格、动词的非谓语形式、各种从句、主谓一致关系、并列结构、倒装结构、动词的时态和语态、虚拟语气等方面，并要注意结合词汇的用法和习惯用语的搭配关系。‎ 例1、(2016·北京片段)‎ The race began on January 27.The first musher，Shannon，picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 46 he handed the medicine to the next musher，Shannon’s face was black from the extreme cold.‎ ‎46．A.Though B．Since C．When D．If 答案　C 解析　考查时间状语从句。句意为：当他把药物交给下一个人时，Shannon的脸已经被冻得乌青。此处用When引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎2．逻辑结构 完形填空的逻辑结构很强。通常考生可以根据文中出现的一些逻辑关系词就能准确推测出下一个要考查的词汇。此类题目主要通过了解全文的人物、时间、地点等信息后，再分析句子和句子之间的关系，段落和段落之间的关系来解题。‎ ‎(1)句中逻辑关系 例2、(2016·全国Ⅰ片段)‎ The man who had his bright lights on 48.came over and told Larry he had 49.made an emergency call.They 50 heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked(毁坏的) vehicle.‎ ‎50．A.then B．again C．finally D．even 答案　A 解析　考查句中逻辑关系。正当那人与拉里说话，这时他们听到车里传来一个女人的声音，此处用then表示“接着，然后”。‎ ‎(2)句间逻辑关系 句间逻辑关系通常用表示转折、让步、递进、因果等明确的逻辑关系词体现。有时候也可以通过渗透到篇章结构层面，在句子与句子之间表现出来。‎ 例3、(2016·全国Ⅰ片段)‎ They told her to stay 52.still until the emergency personnel arrived， 53 she thought the car was going to 54.explode.‎ ‎53．A.for B．so C．and D．but 答案　D 解析　考查逻辑结构。句意为：他们告诉她呆着别动直到紧急部门人员来，但是她认为汽车要爆炸。根据句意可知前后是逻辑上的转折关系，故选D。‎ ‎【命题热点突破四】考查语境推理 完形填空所提供的是一篇完整的短文，其段与段、句与句甚至词与词之间都有不可分割的、千丝万缕的联系。完形填空中每一个空格的设置都不是随心所欲的，命题人主要通过上下文暗示出的某种信息来保证答案的正确性和唯一性。因此考生在选择答案时不要只注意选项所在的短语、句子或段落,还要善于从上下文中寻找相关的提示信息。完形填空50%以上的题目都是语篇层次上的语意辨析，必须根据上下文的意思来判断。而断章取义、就题论题、忽略上下文的信息提示是考生常犯的错误。 ‎ 例 4、【2017·浙江卷】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Last October , while tending her garden in Mora , Sweden , Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 56 (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer , and she noticed a 57 (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.‎ Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “she thought ‎ I had hurt 59 (I),”says Pahlsson Sixteen years 60 (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61 (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters —then ten, eight, and six— had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't. Pahlsson and her husband 62 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again," she says. She never replaced it. ‎ Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 64 it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was 65 wonder.‎ ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Lena Pahlsson在花园里采摘胡萝卜时，找到了丢失已久的结婚戒指的那种失而复得心情。‎ 56. 考查名词。根据“one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.”，及“a handful of ”，可知用名词复数，故填carrots。‎ 57. 考查形容词。“she noticed a 57 (shine) object”a为冠词，object为名词，横线处应填写形容词。故填shiny或shining。‎ 58. 考查固定句式。根据“Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came running from the house”，so…that,如此…以至于，故填so。‎ 59. 考查代词。I had hurt 59 (I)，主语为I,横线处为宾语，替代主语时，应用代词。故填myself。‎ 60. 考查形容词。says Pahlsson Sixteen years  60  (early)，用形容词比较级修饰Sixteen years，Sixteen years earlier16年前；故填earlier。‎ 61. 考查动词不定式。Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring  61  (cook) a meal，一个句子不能出现双重谓语，所以用不定式表目的状语。故填to cook。‎ 62. 考查动词时态。根据“but turned up nothing”，可知句子为过去时，“Pahlsson and her husband  62  (search) the kitchen”故填searched。‎ 63. 考查动词。 “Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got  63  (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish”，ring与sweep之间是被动关系，故填swept。‎ ‎64．句意：Pahlsson和她的丈夫现在认为戒指可能和一堆厨房垃圾被扫到花园中，在那里直到胡萝卜意外地发芽使戒指通过绿叶又被找到。前后两句很完整，由句意可知，后半句是对花园进行了进一步的解释说明。故后半句是定语从句，引导词是地点时，由where引导。故填where。‎ ‎65．句意：它的回来（指戒指失而复得）是一件很奇妙的事。wonder在这句话中的词性是名词，可数名词单数前需要加冠词。故填a。‎ ‎【变式探究】Where do you go when you want to learn something？School？A friend？A tutor？These are all __21(traditional)__ places of learning.But it may well be that the learning you really want __22(lies)__ somewhere else instead.I had the __23(chance)__ of seeing this first hand on a __24(weekend)__．‎ My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team.They did very well this season and so __25__ a tournament，which normally was only for more skilled club teams.This led to some __26__ experiences on Saturday as they played against teams __27__ trained.‎ ‎25．A．won B．entered ‎ C．organized D．watched ‎ 解析：选B。根据空格后面的a tournament，which normally was only for more skilled club teams可知，一般来说只有技术更好的俱乐部球队才能参加(entered)锦标赛。win赢；organize组织；watch观看。故选B。 ‎ ‎26．A．painful B．strange ‎ C．common D．practical ‎ ‎27．A．less B．poorly ‎ C．newly D．better ‎ 解析：选D。根据上文提到的more skilled club teams可知,这些参加锦标赛的球队都是经过更好(better)训练的球队。less更少，poorly糟糕地，二者意思与语境相反；newly最近，新近，与语境不符。故选D。 ‎ ‎【名师点睛】对这类题的解答要做到瞻前顾后，前后参照，科学推理。对于逻辑推理类题，要深入分析，通过句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系排除不恰当选项，逐步缩小范围；还要通过下文所提供的信息进行反向推断，此时要前后参照，用前面的事实推后面的结果，或用后面的结果验证前面的判断。运用逻辑推理解答完形填空必须做到有理、有据、合情合理，推理后的情节要与文章的主题相吻合，句子结构要完整、正确。因此，此类试题的解答原则是:力求掌握文章的主旨大意，借助语篇中或空格处临近的有效信息，综合人物心理与情节的关系，科学推断。同时要分析、推敲备选项(很多逻辑推理题往往与语意辨析紧密相连)，做到“完形”后的句子在结构和意义两方面均完全正确，且合乎逻辑，与文章的中心相一致。 ‎ ‎【命题热点突破五】 考查词义辨析 词汇是完形填空试题的最大考点，主要凸显实词词义辨析的考查，如名词、形容词、动词、副词等，而且设置的四个选项常常是同一词性。完形填空中的词汇辨析题则是完全地依托于丰富的“语篇”的考查。要做好这类题目，除了要依托上下文语境外，还要求考生有丰富的词汇储备、扎实的构词知识和良好的英语语感，从而做到科学、灵活地辨析。‎ 例5、It __37__ me that playing against the other team was a great __38_(learning)__ moment for all the girls on the team.I think it is a general principle.‎ ‎37．A．confused B．struck C．reminded D．warned 解析：选B。It strikes/struck sb.that...“某人突然想起……”，是固定句式，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。这里的strike可以换成hit或occur to。confuse使困惑，remind提醒，warn警告，均与语境不符。 ‎ ‎【变式探究】‎ ‎(2015·高考天津卷，节选)Days later，we made a(n) __23_(offer)__—far below the asking price.Surprisingly，they didn’t __24__us.They renewed their offer __25_(instead)__．‎ ‎24．A．come across B．look after 解析：选D。由空后的They renewed their offer可知，他们没有嘲笑我们(的出价比要价低得多)。 come across偶然遇到;look after照顾；depend on依赖；laugh at嘲笑。 ‎ ‎【特别提醒】‎ 在做词义辨析类题时，往往可以根据各选项词义选择出符合语意的正确选项，但也可能出现意思相近的选项，即单从词的意思上看，有两个或三个选项都是合适的，这时就要求考生特别注意区分它们之间细微的差别。同时，一定要把这些选项放在具体的语境里进行区分、判断，体会它们在上下文中所表示的不同意义，联系语境选择出合适选项。对于动词词义辨析题，考生除了要清楚动词在上下文语境中的词义外，还需要注意动词形式的变化。虽然动词时态和语态不是高考完形填空考查的重点，但掌握好这一点有助于考生较好地理解语篇，把握语境，从而为下一步从意思上辨析选项做好准备。 ‎ ‎【高考真题解读】‎ 例1、 (2017·全国Ⅰ卷)‎ While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration.I myself went through this ____1. ____ process and found ‎ something that has changed my ____2. ____ at college for the better: I discovered ASL—American Sign Language(美式手语)．‎ I never felt an urge to ____3. ____ any sign language before.My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends.The ____4. ___ languages were enough in all my interactions(交往)．Little did I know that I would discover my ____5. ___ for ASL.‎ The ____6. _ began during my first week at college.I watched as the ASL Club ____7. ___ their translation of a song.Both the hand movements and the very ____8. ____ of communicating without speaking ____9. ____ me.What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the ____10.____.This newness just left me ____11.____ more.‎ After that, feeling the need to ____12.____ further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club's meetings.I only learned how to ____13.____ the alphabet that day.Yet instead of being discouraged by my ____14.____ progress, I was excited.I then made it a point to ____15.____ those meetings and learn all I could.‎ The following term, I ____16.____ an ASL class.The professor was deaf and any talking was ____17.____.I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.____18.____， if there had been any talking, it would have ____19.___ us to learn less.Now, I appreciate the silence and the ____20.____ way of communication it opens.‎ ‎1.A．searching 　 B．planning C．natural　 D．formal 答案：A 解析：根据上文中“While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life”的关键词“explore”及下文的内容可知，此处指作者在大学通过学习美式手语经历了探索(searching)的过程。planning“计划制订”；natural“自然的”；formal“正式的”。‎ ‎2.A．progress B．experience　　‎ C．major D．opinion 答案：B解析：根据下文的内容可知，作者发现了把自己的大学经历(experience)变得更美好的东西。progress“进步”；major“专业”；opinion“意见，想法，看法”。‎ ‎3.A．choose B．read　　‎ C．learn D．create 答案：C解析：以前，作者从没感觉到(自己)有学习(learn)任何手语的强烈欲望。choose“选择”；create“创造”。‎ ‎4.A．official B．foreign　　‎ C．body D．spoken 答案：D解析：根据上文中的“My entire family is hearing，and so are all my friends”及下文中的“languages were enough in all my interactions(交往)”可知，口语对作者所有的(社会)交往来说已经足够了。spoken language“口语”符合语境。official“正式的，官方的”。‎ ‎5.A．love B．concern　　‎ C．goal D．request 答案：A解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者不知道自己会喜爱(love)美式手语。concern“关心，担心，忧虑”；goal“目标”；request“要求”。‎ ‎6.A．meeting B．trip　　‎ C．story D．task 答案：C解析：这个故事(story)始于作者上大学的第一周。meeting“会议”；trip“旅行”；task“任务”。‎ ‎7．A．recorded B．performed　　‎ C．recited D．discussed 答案：B解析：根据句中的关键词“watched”可知，此处指作者看到美式手语社团的成员表演(performed)。record“记录，录音”；recite“背诵”；discuss“讨论”。‎ ‎8.A．idea B．amount　　‎ C．dream D．reason 答案：A解析：手部动作和无需用语言交流的想法(idea)吸引了作者。amount“数额，数量”；dream“梦想”；reason“原因，理由”。‎ ‎9.A．disturbed B．supported C．embarrassed D．attracted 答案：D解析：参见上题解析。attract“吸引，引起……的注意”，符合语境。disturb“打扰，打搅”；support“支持”；embarrass“使……尴尬，使……难堪”。‎ ‎10.　A．end B．past　　‎ C．course D．distance 答案：B解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者看到的完全不像自己过去(past)所经历过的任何事情。end“结尾”；course“过程，课程”；distance“距离”。‎ ‎11.　A．showing B．acting　　‎ C．saying D．wanting 答案：D解析：这种新事物使作者想要(接触)更多。show“展示”；act“表演，扮演”；want“想要”。‎ ‎12.A．exercise B．explore　　‎ C．express D．explain 答案：B解析：根据上下文语境和第一段中的关键词“explore”可知，作者觉得自己有进一步探索(explore)美式手语的需要。exercise“锻炼，训练”；express“表达”；explain“解释”。‎ ‎13.A．print B．write 　　‎ C．sign D．count 答案：C解析：根据语境可知，作者那天只是学会了如何用手语来表示全部字母。print“打印，印刷”；write“写”；sign“打手语”；count“数数”。‎ ‎14.A．slow B．steady　　‎ C．normal D．obvious 答案：A解析：根据上文的“I only learned how to the alphabet that day”可知，作者并没有对自己缓慢的(slow)进步感到沮丧。 steady“稳步的”；normal“正常的”；obvious“明显的”。‎ ‎15.A．chair B．sponsor　　‎ C．attend D．organize 答案：C解析：根据语境，尤其是上文的“made it a point to”和下文的“and learn all I could”可知，作者努力做到参加(attend)这些会议。chair“主持(会议、讨论等)”；sponsor“赞助，举办”；organize“组织”。‎ ‎16.A．missed B．passed C．gave up D．registered for 答案：D解析：根据下文的内容可知，作者注册参加了一个美式手语课程。miss“想念，错过”；pass“通过”；give up“放弃”；register for“注册，选课”。‎ ‎17.A．prohibited B．welcomed　　‎ C．ignored D．repeated 答案：A解析：根据上文的“The professor was deaf and any talking”可知，作者所参加的课程的教授是个耳聋的人，故任何谈话都是被禁止(prohibited)的。welcome“欢迎，欣然接受”；ignore“忽视”；repeat“重复”。‎ ‎18.　A．Lastly B．Thus 　　‎ C．Instead D．However 答案：C解析：根据上下文的语境可知，作者很快意识到无声并非不愉快的，反而(Instead)，如果有任何谈话的话，会导致(caused)作者他们学习得更少。Lastly“最后，终于”；Thus“因此”；However“然而”。‎ ‎19.A．required B．caused 　　‎ C．allowed D．expected 答案：B解析：参见上题解析。require“要求”；allow“允许”；expect“期望”。‎ ‎20.A．easy B．popular　　‎ C．quick D．new 答案：D解析：根据语境可知，作者现在非常喜欢这种无声以及它打开的新的(new)沟通方式。easy“容易的”；popular“受欢迎的”；quick“快速的”。‎ ‎【变式探究】 (2017·全国Ⅱ卷)‎ In 1973, I was teaching elementary school.Each day, 27 kids ____1.____“The Thinking Laboratory.” That was the ____2.____ students voted for after deciding that “Room ‎104”‎ was too ____3.____.‎ Freddy was an average ____4.____， but not an average person.He had the rare balance of fun and compassion(同情)．He would ____5.____ the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone's ____6.___.‎ Before the school year ____7.____， I gave the kids a special ____8.____， T－shirts with the words “Verbs Are Your ____9.____” on them.I had advised the kids that while verbs(动词)may seem dull, most of the ____10.____ things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.‎ Through the years, I'd run into former students who would provide ____11.____ on old classmates.I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his ____12.___ from high school and remained the same ____13.____ person I met forty years before .Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man ____14.____ in his truck.Another time, he ____15.____ a friend money to buy a house.‎ Just last year, I was ____16.____a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door.A woman ____17.____ the interruption and handed me an envelope.I stopped teaching and ____18.____ it up.Inside were the “Verbs” shirt and a ____19.____ from Freddy's mother.“Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving.He wanted you to have this.”‎ I told the story to the class.As sad as it was, I couldn't help smiling.Although Freddy was ‎ taken from us, we all ____20.____ something from Freddy.‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己的学生Freddy的性格特征，以及多年后他的生活和工作状况，并说明了作者自己从他身上学到了一些东西。‎ ‎1. A．built B．entered C．decorated D．ran 答案：B解析：考查动词。在1973年，作者正在教小学。每天27个小孩进入“思想实验室”。enter“进入”，符合语境。build“建造”；decorate“装饰”；run“管理，经营”。‎ ‎2. A．name B．rule 　　‎ C．brand D．plan 答案：A解析：考查名词。根据下文的“Room 104”可知，“The Thinking Laboratory”是学生们选举出来的名字。name“名字”；rule“规则”；brand“品牌”；plan“计划”。故选A项。‎ ‎3.A．small B．dark 　　‎ C．strange D．dull 答案：D解析：考查形容词。Room 104这个名字被学生们选举换成The Thinking Laboratory，所以可判断出学生们认为Room 104这个名字太乏味了。dull“枯燥的，无趣的”，符合语境。故选D项。‎ ‎4.A．scholar B．student 　　‎ C．citizen D．worker 答案：B解析：考查名词。根据上文中的“I was teaching elementary school”可知，作者正在教小学，故可推知Freddy是一个普通的学生。故选B项。‎ ‎5. A．speak B．sing 　　‎ C．question D．laugh 答案：D解析：考查动词。根据下文中的“the loudest over fun”可知，Freddy对有趣的事情会笑得最大声。故选D项。‎ ‎6.A．misfortune B．disbelief 　　‎ C．dishonesty D．mistake 答案：A解析：考查名词。根据上文中的the saddest可知，Freddy对别人的不幸是感到最悲伤的。misfortune“不幸”；disbelief“不信，怀疑”；dishonesty“不诚实”；mistake“错误”。故选A项。‎ ‎7.A．changed B．approached C．returned D．ended 答案：D解析：考查动词。根据语境可知，此处表示在学年结束前。end“结束”，符合语境。change“改变”；approach“靠近”；return“返回”。‎ ‎8.A．lesson B．gift 　　‎ C．report D．message 答案：B解析：考查名词。在学年结束前，给孩子们的应是礼物。故选B项。‎ ‎9.A．Friends B．Awards 　　‎ C．Masters D．Tasks 答案：A解析：考查名词。根据下文可知，作者认为尽管动词看起来是枯燥的，但是孩子们在一生中所做的大多数趣事就是动词。再结合选项可知，A项符合语境。‎ ‎10. A．simple B．unique 　　‎ C．fun D．clever 答案：C解析：考查形容词。由while可知，空处与dull形成对比，故选C项。simple“简单的”；unique“独特的”；clever“聪明的”。‎ ‎11. A．assessments B．comments ‎ C．instructions 　　 D．updates 答案：D解析：考查名词。根据语境可知，很多年来，作者偶然遇到以前的学生会给他提供一些他们老同学的最新消息，所以作者才了解到Freddy的一些情况。update“最新消息”，符合语境。assessment“评估，评价”；comment“评论”；instruction“指导，教导”。‎ ‎12. A．graduation B．retirement C．separation　　 D．resignation 答案：A解析：考查名词。根据空前的“did several jobs”可知，此处表示Freddy从高中毕业后。graduation“毕业”，符合语境，故选A项。retirement“退休”；separation“分离”；resignation“辞职”。‎ ‎13. A．daring B．modest 　　‎ C．caring D．smart ‎14. A．wait B．sleep 　　‎ C．study D．live 答案：B解析：考查动词。根据上文中的“while working overnight”可知，Freddy上夜班时，让一位无家可归的人在他的卡车里睡觉。故选B项。‎ ‎15. A．paid B．charged 　　‎ C．lent D．owed 答案：C解析：考查动词。因为Freddy是一位乐于助人的人，所以是借给朋友钱买房子。lend“借出”，符合语境。pay“支付”；charge“(向……)收费”；owe“欠(钱)，负(债)”。‎ ‎16. A．observing B．preparing C．designing D．conducting 答案：D解析：考查动词。根据下文中的“I stopped teaching”可知，作者正在举办一个研习班，这时有人敲教室的门。conduct“实施，执行”，符合语境。故选D项。observe“观察”；prepare“准备”；design“设计”。‎ ‎17. A．regretted B．avoided 　　‎ C．excused D．ignored ‎18. A．opened B．packed 　　‎ C．gave D．held 答案：A解析：考查动词。根据上文中的“handed me an envelope.I stopped teaching”可知，一位女士递给作者一个信封，作者停止了教学并打开它。故选A项。Pack“打包，装箱”；give“交给”；hold“握住，抓住”。‎ ‎19. A．picture B．bill 　　‎ C．note D．diary 答案：C解析：考查名词。根据下文中的“Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving...”可知，这个信封里装着一张Freddy的妈妈写的便条。故选C项。picture“图片”；bill“账单”；diary“日记”。‎ ‎20. A．chose B．took C．expected D．borrowed 答案：B 解析：考查动词。根据上文中的“Although Freddy was taken from ‎ us”可知，尽管Freddy从我们中被带走了，但是我们所有人都从Freddy那儿拿走了一些东西，即从Freddy的身上学到了一些东西。故选B项。‎ ‎【变式探究】 (2017·全国Ⅲ卷)‎ A Toronto man is offering a free round－the－world air ticket to the right woman.But ____1.____ apply.You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian ____2.____.‎ Jordan Axani, 28, said he and his then girlfriend, Elizabeth Gallagher, booked heavily discounted round－the－world air tickets in May, but their ____3.___ ended and he did not want her ticket to ____4.____.The ticket had a strict no－transfer(不可转让) ____5.____， but since passport information was not required when ____6.____， any Canadian Elizabeth Gallagher can ____7.____ it.‎ ‎“I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to ____8.____ a lot of joy，” said Axani.He posted his ____9.____ on a social networking website, and received thousands of e－mails, including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the ____10.____ passports, “More ____11.____， there are hundreds of Canadians who are interested in ____12.____ their name to Elizabeth Gallagher，” Axani said.“It was absolutely out of ____13.____， thousands of e－mails, people around the world ____14.____ their stories of travel.”‎ Axani wrote in his post that he is not ____15.____ anything in return and that the woman who uses the ____16.____ ticket can choose to either travel with him or ____17.____ the ticket and travel on her own.‎ The ____18.____ is scheduled to start on December ‎21 in New York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris, Bangkok and New Delhi before ____19.____ in Toronto on January 8.He said the ____20.____ woman will be announced on the website and the trip will be shared online.‎ ‎1.A．benefits B．deposits　　‎ C．restrictions D．examinations 答案：C解析：根据下文可知，他要找的这位女士必须叫Elizabeth Gallagher，而且必须持有加拿大护照，这些都是赠送机票的限制要求。benefit“益处”；deposit“订金，押金”；restriction“限制，约束”；examination“检查，考试”。‎ ‎2. A．origin B．passport　　‎ C．accent D．friend 答案：B解析：参见上题解析。5空后的“passport information”亦是提示。‎ ‎3.A．holiday B．marriage C．dream D．relationship 答案：D解析：根据上文的“his then girlfriend”可知，他们的男女朋友关系结束了。‎ ‎4.A．go to waste B．come to mind C．go on sale D．come into effect ‎ 答案：A解析：根据语境可知，这位男士免费赠送票是因为他不想把机票浪费了。‎ ‎5.A．policy B．order　　‎ C．payment D．schedule 答案：A解析：机票不可转让，这是民航政策。policy“政策”；order“命令”；payment“付款，报偿”；schedule“时间表，计划表”。‎ ‎6.A．applying B．booking　　‎ C．checking D．bargaining 答案：B解析：这张机票在预订的时候没有填护照信息。apply“申请”；book“预订”；check“检查”；bargain“讨价还价”。‎ ‎7.A．use B．borrow C．choose D．buy 答案：A解析：任何一个叫Elizabeth Gallagher的女士都能使用此机票。‎ ‎8.A．sacrifice B．express C．experience D．provide 答案：C解析：此处指有了此机票的人可以体验到旅行的快乐。sacrifice“牺牲”；express“表达”；experience“经历，体验”；provide“提供”。‎ ‎9.A．answer B．advice　　‎ C．offer D．comment 答案：C解析：根据下文可知，他在社交网站上发布免费提供机票的消息。offer“提供，给予”。‎ ‎10.A．same B．right　　‎ C．new D．real 答案：B解析：根据语境可知，此处指符合条件的对的(right)护照。‎ ‎11.A．interesting B．annoying C．satisfying D．convincing 答案：A解析：根据语境可知，更有趣的是，几百个感兴趣的人把他们的名字改成Elizabeth Gallagher。‎ ‎12.A．writing B．giving　　‎ C．lending D．changing 答案：D解析：参见上题解析。change...to...表示“把……改成……”。‎ ‎13. A．touch B．question 　　‎ C．date D．control 答案：D解析：根据下文提到的有成千上万的邮件可知，此处指已经完全失控了。out of control“失控”。‎ ‎14.A．admiring B．advertising 　　‎ C．sharing D．doubting 答案：C解析：根据语境可知，世界各地的人发邮件来与他分享他们的旅游故事。‎ ‎15. A．leaving B．looking for C．losing D．dealing with ‎ 答案：B解析：根据语境可知，他赠送机票并不期望得到什么回报。look for“寻求，期待”。‎ ‎16. A．single B．strange 　　‎ C．regular D．extra 答案：D解析：此处强调这张机票是免费额外得到的。single“单程的”；strange“奇怪的”；regular“有规律的”；extra“额外的”。‎ ‎17. A．return B．take 　　‎ C．reserve D．hide 答案：B解析：免费使用此机票的女士可以选择与他一起旅游，也可以拿走机票自己旅行。‎ ‎18. A．interview B．program 　　‎ C．trip D．meeting 答案：C解析：此旅行是从纽约市到多伦多。trip“旅游，旅行”。‎ ‎19. A．ending B．calling C．repeating D．staying 答案：A解析：此处介绍机票行程，‎12月21日从纽约市出发，‎2月8日必须返回多伦多，因此是结束于多伦多。end“结束”。‎ ‎20. A．honored B．lovely C．intelligent D．lucky 答案：D解析：根据语境可知，能得到免费机票的女士是幸运的。‎ ‎ honored“光荣的，尊敬的”；lovely“可爱的”；intelligent“有智慧的，聪明的”。‎ ‎【变式探究】(2017·北京) ‎ Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba, Canada.One day, when she was five years old, she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg.They saw a man ____1.____ out of a garbage can.She asked her mother why he did that, and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry.Hannah was very ____2.___.She couldn't understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food.Hannah started to think about how she could ____3.___， but, of course, there is not a lot one five－year－old can do to solve(解决)the problem of homelessness.‎ Later, when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person.It was a woman, ____4.____ an old shopping trolley(购物车)which was piled with ____5.____.It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them.This made Hannah very sad, and even more ____6.____ to do something.She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people ____7.____ they first saw the homeless man.Her mother told her that if she did something to change the problem that made her sad, she wouldn't ____8.____ as bad.‎ Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces.She hoped to ____9.____ her message of hope and awareness.She started the Ladybug Foundation, an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness.She began to ____10.____“Big Bosses” lunches, where she would try to persuade local business leaders to ____11.____ to the cause.She also organized a fundraising(募捐)drive in “Ladybug Jars” to collect everyone's spare change during “Make Change” month.More recently, the foundation began another ____12.____ called National Red Scarf Day—a day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Canada's ____13.____ and homeless.‎ There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called “Hannah's Place”， something that Hannah is very ____14.____ of.Hannah's Place is divided into several areas, providing shelter for people when it is so cold that ____15.____ outdoors can mean death.In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of ____16.____.For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the ____17.____ of young people to change the world.But ____18.____ all this, Hannah still has the ____19.____ life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays regular visits to homeless people.‎ Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a ____20.____ in the world.You ‎ can, too!‎ 文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。心地善良的Hannah在两次目睹忍受饥饿、无家可归的人的悲惨生活后，竭尽所能地给予他们帮助。女孩的善举感染了很多人。‎ ‎1.A．jumping B．eating 　　‎ C．crying D．waving 答案：B解析：根据下文中的“her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry”可知，那个人从垃圾中寻找食物吃。‎ ‎2.A．annoyed B．nervous　　‎ C．ashamed D．upset 答案：D解析：根据上文可知，Hannah看到有人在垃圾中寻找食物吃，又根据下文她的反应可知，她很难过，故选D。‎ ‎3.A．behave B．manage　　‎ C．help D．work 答案：C解析：根据后半句中的“there is not a lot one five－year－old can do to solve(解决)the problem of homelessness”可知，Hannah想伸出援助之手。Help“帮助”。‎ ‎4.A．pushing B．carrying　　‎ C．buying D．holding 答案：A解析：根据语境可知，此处表示一位无家可归的女人推着购物车。push“推动”。‎ ‎5.A．goods B．bottles　　‎ C．foods D．bags 答案：D解析：文中讲，一位无家可归的女人推着购物车，购物车中堆满了包裹，似乎女人的一切都在这些包裹里。根据语境可知，此处用bags。‎ ‎6.A．excited B．determined　　‎ C．energetic D．grateful 答案：B解析：看到这些无家可归、缺少食物的人，Hannah决心要帮助他们。determined adj.“坚定的，坚决的”。‎ ‎7.A．since B．unless　　‎ C．although D．as 答案：A解析：自从Hannah与母亲第一次遇到无家可归的人以来，她一直与母亲谈论着无家可归的人的生活状况。根据语境可知，空处用since引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎8. A．sound B．get　　‎ C．feel D．look 答案：C解析：Hannah的母亲告诉她，如果她做一些事来改变这个问题，那她就不会感觉这么难过了。根据语境可知，空处用动词feel。‎ ‎9. A．exchange B．leave　　‎ C．keep D．spread ‎10. A．sell B．deliver　　‎ C．host D．pack 答案：C解析：Hannah开始举办“大老板”午餐，她将试图说服当地商界领袖为帮助无家可归和饥饿的人作贡献。Host“主持，作为主人招待”。‎ ‎11. A．contribute B．lead　　‎ C．apply D．agree 答案：A解析：参见上题解析。contribute to“捐献，为……作出贡献”。‎ ‎12.A．campaign B．trip　　‎ C．procedure D．trial 答案：A解析：根据文中的“people donate $20 and wear red scarves”可知，此处表示一种活动。campaign“(为取得某种结果而进行的政治、商业或社会性的)运动，活动”。‎ ‎13. A．elderly B．hungry　　‎ C．lonely D．sick 答案：B解析：根据第一段中的“She asked her mother why he did that，and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry”可知，此处应用形容词hungry。‎ ‎14.A．aware B．afraid　　‎ C．proud D．sure 答案：C解析：根据下文可知，Hannah's Place给人们提供躲避严寒的地方，这使她感到骄傲(proud)。‎ ‎15.A．going B．sleeping　　‎ C．travelling D．playing 答案：B解析：文中讲，在严寒时睡(sleeping)在户外意味着死亡。‎ ‎16. A．praises B．invitations　　‎ C．replies D．appointments 答案：A解析：由下文的“For example，she received the 2007 BRICK Award”可知，别人给予Hannah很多肯定和表扬。Praise“赞扬，称赞”。‎ ‎17.A．needs B．interests　　‎ C．dreams D．efforts 答案：D解析：2007 BRICK Award这个奖项认可像Hannah一样的年轻人为改变世界而作出的努力。effort“努力”。‎ ‎18.A．for B．through　　‎ C．besides D．along 答案：B解析：此处指“但在她做所有这些事的过程中”，故用through。‎ ‎19. A．healthy B．public　　‎ C．normal D．tough 答案：C解析：Hannah仍然过着普通校园女生的生活，只是常常去探望无家可归的人。normal“正常的”。‎ ‎20.A．choice B．profit　　‎ C．judgement D．difference 答案：D解析：Hannah是一个通过努力改变世界的年轻人。make a difference“有作用，有影响”。‎ ‎【变式探究】 (2017·天津)‎ At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds.I had a very poor relationship with food: I used it to ____1.____ bad feelings, to make myself feel better, and to celebrate.Worried about my health, I tried many different kinds of ____2.____ but nothing worked.I came to believe that I could do nothing about my ____3.____.‎ When I was 50, my weight problem began to affect me ____4.____.I didn't want to live the rest of my life with this ____5.____ weight any more.‎ That year, I ____6.____a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world.A seminar leader shared her ____7.____ story－she had not only lost 125 pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless children.‎ ‎____8.____ by her story, I created the As We Heal(痊愈), the World Heals____9.____.My goal ‎ was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000 ____10.____ a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger.This combination of healing myself and healing the world ____11.____ me as the perfect solution.‎ ‎____12.____ I began my own personal weight program, I was filled with the fear that I would ____13.____ the same difficulties that beat me before.While the ____14.____ hung over my head, there were also signs that I was headed down the right ____15.____.I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project.It worked perfectly.Donations began ____16.____ in from hundreds of people.‎ Of course, I also took some practical steps to lose weight.I consulted with a physician(内科医生), I hired a fitness coach, and I began to eat small and ____17.____ meals.My fund－raising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise ____18.____.‎ A year later, I ____19.____ my goal: I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000! I feel that I've been given a second life to devote to something that is ____20.____ and enormous.‎ ‎1. A．add B．mix　　‎ C．kill D．share 答案：C解析：根据下文中的“to make myself feel better”可知，作者用食物扼杀(kill)自己的坏心情。增加(add)，混合(mix)，分享(share)，都与语境不符。‎ ‎2. A．diets B．drinks　　‎ C．fruits D．dishes 答案：A解析：作者担心自己的健康，为了控制饮食和体重试过许多种节食(diets)的办法。饮料(drinks)，水果(fruits)，菜肴(dishes)，都不符合语境。‎ ‎3. A．height B．ability　　‎ C．wisdom D．weight 答案：D解析：作者担忧自己的健康问题，但许多节食办法都没用，于是觉得对自己的体重(weight)没办法了。‎ ‎4.　 A．temporarily B．recently 　　‎ C．seriously D．secretly 答案：C 解析：作者50岁的时候，体重问题更加突出，严重地(seriously)影响作者的健康。暂时地(temporarily)，最近(recently)，偷偷地(secretly)，都与语境不符。‎ ‎5. A．ideal B．extra　　‎ C．normal D．low 答案：B 解析：上文说到作者饱受自己体重问题的困扰，因此这里用形容词extra表示“额外的”，作者决心要开始甩掉身上多余的肉。‎ ‎6.A．attended B．organized 　　‎ C．recommended D．mentioned 答案：A 解析：从选项的词义和搭配看，这里应该用动词attended与seminar(研讨会)搭配，表示作者参加了一个研讨会。‎ ‎7.A．folk B．success　　‎ C．adventure D．science ‎8. A．Surprised B．Amused 　　‎ C．Influenced D．Disturbed 答案：C 解析：作者受到这个领导者的故事的影响(Influenced)，创立了一个项目。使惊奇(Surprised)，逗笑(Amused)，打扰(Disturbed)，都不符合语境。‎ ‎9. A．project B．business 　　‎ C．system D．custom 答案：A 解析：这是作者创立的一个项目，因此用名词project表示“项目，方案”，“project”在下文多处被提到。‎ ‎10.A．in search of B．in need of 　　‎ C．in place of D．in support of ‎ 答案：D 解析：作者的目标是减重‎150磅并募集五万美元来支持一项开始于30年前的旨在结束饥饿的运动，因此用in support of表示“支持”。in search of“寻找”；in need of“需要”；in place of“代替”。‎ ‎11.A．scared B．considered 　　‎ C．confused D．struck ‎12.A．As B．Until 　　‎ C．If D．Unless 答案：A解析：As引导时间状语从句表示“当……的时候”，这里说的是当作者开始实施自己的减肥计划的时候，又担心这次会遇到(run into)和以前减肥中一样的困难。‎ ‎13. A．get over B．run into 　　‎ C．look for D．put aside 答案：B 解析：run into表示“遇到”，与后面的difficulties呼应，表示“遇到困难”。‎ ‎14. A．excitement B．joy 　　‎ C．anger D．fear 答案：D 解析：上文提到作者的担心，害怕会遇到先前的那些困难，因此选D表示“害怕”。‎ ‎15.A．row B．hall 　　‎ C．path D．street 答案：C 解析：While引导让步状语从句表示“尽管”，这里表示作者觉得自己这次走在正确的道路(path)上，因此选C。‎ ‎16. A．breaking B．flooding 　　‎ C．jumping D．stepping ‎ 答案：B 解析：这里表示捐款大量涌来，flood在此用作动词表示“涌进”，符合语境。‎ ‎17. A．heavy B．full 　　‎ C．expensive D．healthy ‎ 答案：D 解析：这里说的是作者饮食的变化，吃得少，而且吃得很健康(healthy)。吃得很多(heavy)，吃得很饱(full)，吃的东西很贵(expensive)，都不符合语境。‎ ‎18.A．regularly B．limitlessly 　　‎ C．suddenly D．randomly ‎ 答案：A 解析：作者经常锻炼，regularly表示“有规律地，经常地”。‎ ‎19.A．set B．reached 　　‎ C．missed D．dropped ‎ 答案：B 解析：这里说的是作者一年之后实现(reached)了自己先前设定的目标，因此选B。‎ ‎20.A．stressful B．painful 　　‎ C．meaningful D．peaceful 答案：C ‎ 解析：作者在这里发出感慨，自己在减肥的同时做了一件有意义的事：为流浪儿童募捐，因此选C。‎ ‎【变式探究】 (2017·浙江) ‎ Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq.Her library used to be a ____1.___ place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge.They ____2.____ various matters all over the world.When the war was near, Alia was ____3.____ that the fires of war would destroy the books, which are more ____4.____ to her than mountains of gold.The books are in every language—new books, ancient books, ____5.____ a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.‎ She had asked the government for ____6.____ to move the books to a ____7.____ place, but they refused.So Alia took matters into her own hands.____8.____， she brought books home every night, ____9.____ her car late after work.Her friends came to ____10.____ her when the war broke out.Anis who owned a restaurant ____11.____ to hide some books.All through the ____12.____， Alia, Anis, his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library, ____13.____ them over the seven－foot wall and ____14.____ them in the restaurant.The books stayed hidden as the war ____15.____.Then nine days later, a fire burned the ____16.____ to the ground.‎ One day, the bombing stopped and the ____17.____ left.But the war was not over yet.Alia knew that if the books were to be safe, they must be ____18.____ again while the city was ____19.____.So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs(郊区)．Now Alia waited for the war to end and ____20.____ peace and a new library.‎ ‎1.A．meeting B．working　　‎ C．personal D．religious 答案：A 解析：下文语境题。根据下文可知，她的图书馆曾经是一个聚集(meeting)所有热爱书并喜欢分享知识的人的地方。meeting place聚集的地方，会场。working工作的；personal个人的；religious宗教的。‎ ‎2. A．raised B．handled　　‎ C．reported D．discussed 答案：D 解析：下文语境题。他们在这个图书馆里讨论(discuss)世界各地发生的各种事情。raise升起，提出，抚养；handle处理，应付；report报道。‎ ‎3.A．worried B．angry　　‎ C．doubtful D．curious 答案：A ‎ 解析：下文语境题。根据下文(第二段)可知，艾丽娅·贝克为了保护书籍付出了巨大的努力，因为她担心(worry)战火会毁了这些书。angry生气的；doubtful怀疑的；curious好奇的。‎ ‎4.　 A．practical B．precious　　‎ C．reliable D．expensive 答案：B 解析：下文语境题。由空格后的than mountains of gold可以看出，在艾丽娅看来，这些书比金山还要宝贵(precious)。practical切合实际的，实用的；reliable可靠的；expensive昂贵的。‎ ‎5.A．then B．still　　‎ C．even D．rather ‎6.A．permission B．confirmation　　‎ C．explanation D．information 答案：A 解析：固定搭配题。ask for permission请求许可。她向政府请求许可(permission)把书搬到一个安全的地方。confirmation确认，证实；explanation解释；information信息。‎ ‎7.A．large B．public　　‎ C．distant D．safe 答案：D 解析：上文语境题。由于担心书会被战火烧毁，艾丽娅希望把书搬到一个安全的(safe)地方。large大的；public公共的；distant遥远的。‎ ‎8.　 A．Fortunately B．Surprisingly　　‎ C．Seriously D．Secretly 答案：D 解析：上下文语境题。艾丽娅的请求遭到了拒绝，所以她只好每天晚上秘密地(secretly)把书带回家。fortunately幸运地；surprisingly惊人地；seriously严肃地，认真地。‎ ‎9.　 A．starting B．parking　　‎ C．filling D．testing 答案：C 解析：上下文语境题。她每天晚上带书回家，下班后把书装满(fill)车。start发动(车辆)；park停车；test测试。‎ ‎10. A．stop B．help　　‎ C．warn D．rescue 答案：B 解析：下文语境题。 当战争爆发的时候，她的朋友来帮助(help)她。stop阻止；warn警告；‎ rescue拯救。‎ ‎11. A．intended B．pretended　　‎ C．happened D．agreed ‎12.A．war B．night　　‎ C．building D．way 答案：B 解析：词汇复现题。由上文的every night可知，他们整个晚上(night)都在从图书馆往外搬书。war战争；building建筑物；way道路，方法。‎ ‎13.A．put B．opened　　‎ C．passed D．threw 答案：C 解析：下文语境题。他们越过七英尺高的墙把书传递(pass)出来。put放置；open打开；throw扔。‎ ‎14.A．hid B．exchanged　　‎ C．burnt D．distributed 答案：A 解析：词汇复现题。由第11空后的to hide some books和第15空前的the books stayed hidden可知，大家把书藏在(hide)饭店里。exchange交流，交换；burn焚烧；distribute分配。‎ ‎15.A．approached B．erupted　　‎ C．continued D．ended 答案：C 解析：下文语境题。由最后一段的“But the war was not over yet.”可知，当战争在持续(continue)时，书一直被藏着。approach接近，靠近；erupt喷发；end结束。‎ ‎16. A．restaurant B．library　　‎ C．city D．wall 答案：B 解析：上下文语境题。由最后一段的if the books were to be safe可知，藏在饭店的书尚未遭到破坏，故烧毁的应该是图书馆(library)。‎ ‎17.A．neighbours B．soldiers　　‎ C．friends D．customers 答案：B ‎ 解析：上下文语境题。轰炸停止了，士兵(soldier)撤离了，但战争仍未结束。neighbour邻居；friend朋友；customer顾客。‎ ‎18.A．sold B．read　　‎ C．saved D．moved ‎19.A．occupied B．bombed　　‎ C．quiet D．busy 答案：C 解析：上文语境题。前文提到轰炸停止了，士兵也撤离了，故城市相对安静(quiet)很多。occupied被占领的；bombed遭到轰炸的；busy繁忙的。‎ ‎20.A．dreamed of B．believed in　　‎ C．cared about D．looked for 答案：A 解析：上下文语境题。根据上文可知，艾丽娅希望战争能够结束，梦想(dream of)和平，并想拥有一座新的图书馆。believe in信任，相信；care about关心，在乎；look for寻找。‎ ‎【变式探究】 (2017·江苏)‎ For a long time Gabriel didn't want to be involved in music at all.In his first years of high school, Gabriel would look pityingly at the music students, ____1.____ across the campus with their heavy instrument cases, ____2.____ at school for practice hours ____3.____ anyone else had to be there.He swore to himself to ____4.____ music, as he hated getting to school extra early.‎ ‎____5.____， one day, in the music class that was ____6.____ of his school's standard curriculum, he was playing idly(随意地)on the piano and found it ____7.____to pick out tunes.With a sinking feeling, he realized that he actually ____8.____doing it.He tried to hide his ____9.____ pleasure from the music teacher, who had ____10.___over to listen.He might not have done this particularly well, ____11.____ the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good ____12.____ and suggested that Gabriel go into the music store－room to see if any of the instruments there ____13.____ him.There he decided to give the cello(大提琴)a ____14.____.When he began practicing, he took it very ____15.____.But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and was ____16.____ to practicing it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.‎ This ____17.____， of course, that he arrived at school early in the morning, ____18.____ his heavy instrument case across the campus to the ____19.____ looks of the non－musicians he had left ____20.____.‎ ‎1.　A．travelling B．marching 　　‎ C．pacing D．struggling 答案：D 解析：根据句中的“heavy instrument cases”可知选择struggling，表示“艰难地行进”。‎ ‎2.　A．rising up B．coming up 　　‎ C．driving up D．turning up 答案：D 解析：根据最后一段中的“arrived”可知，他们到校练习音乐，选择turn up“出现，到达”。‎ ‎3.　A．before B．after 　　‎ C．until D．since 答案：A 解析：根据本段最后一句中的“extra early”可知，他们到校比其他任何人都早，因此选择before。‎ ‎4.　A．betray B．accept 　　‎ C．avoid D．appreciate 答案：C 解析：他发誓要避开音乐，因为他不喜欢很早到校，因此选择avoid。‎ ‎5.　A．Therefore B．However 　　‎ C．Thus D．Moreover 答案：B 解析：根据第二段的内容可知，本句话与上文有转折关系，因此选择However。‎ ‎6.　A．part B．nature 　　‎ C．basis D．spirit 答案：A 解析：音乐课是学校标准课程的一部分，因此选择part。‎ ‎7.　A．complicated B．safe 　　‎ C．confusing D．easy 答案：D 解析：由下文可知，他有音乐天赋，因此在随意地弹着钢琴时，他发现(慢慢)弹奏乐曲是容易的。故答案为D。‎ ‎8.　A．missed B．disliked 　　‎ C．enjoyed D．denied 答案：C 解析：根据下一句中的“pleasure”可知，他意识到事实上他喜欢弹钢琴。因此选择enjoyed。‎ ‎9.　A．transparent B．obvious 　　‎ C．false D．similar 答案：B 解析：他试图不让音乐老师看到他那种明显的快乐。obvious符合句意。‎ ‎10.A．run B．jogged 　　‎ C．jumped D．wandered 答案：D 解析：音乐老师已经踱步到了他的面前来听他弹奏。wander“徘徊，闲逛，漫步”，符合句意。‎ ‎11.A．because B．but 　　‎ C．though D．so 答案：A 解析：他尽力隐藏对音乐的好感，不想让音乐老师知道。他可能并没有隐藏得很好，因为老师告诉他他的(音乐)能力很强。故选because。‎ ‎12.A．ear B．taste 　　‎ C．heart D．voice 答案：A 解析：参见上题解析。ear在此表示“(学习音乐，模仿声音等的)能力”。‎ ‎13.A．occurred to B．took to 　　‎ C．appealed to D．held to 答案：C 解析：老师建议他去乐器室看看是否有吸引他的乐器，appeal to“吸引”，符合句意。‎ ‎14.A．change B．chance 　　‎ C．mission D．function 答案：B 解析：上文提及他弹钢琴，而这里指他决定给大提琴一个机会，即试一试大提琴，因此选择chance。‎ ‎15.A．seriously B．proudly　　‎ C．casually D．naturally 答案：C 解析：他开始练习拉大提琴时很随意，因此选择casually“随意地”。‎ ‎16.A．committed B．used　　‎ C．limited D．admitted 答案：A 解析：be committed to doing sth.“尽心尽力做某事”，符合句意。‎ ‎17.A．proved B．showed　　‎ C．stressed D．meant 答案：D 解析：根据第一段可知，学习音乐当然就意味着他每天早上很早到校。mean“意味着”，符合句意。‎ ‎18.A．pushing B．dragging　　‎ C．lifting D．rushing 答案：B 解析：根据句中的“heavy”可知选择dragging，表示“拖”。‎ ‎19.A．admiring B．pitying　　‎ C．annoying D．teasing 答案：B 解析：根据文章第一段中的“pityingly”可知选择pitying，pitying表示“同情的，怜悯的”。‎ ‎20.A．over B．aside　　‎ C．behind D．out 答案：C 解析：由文章第一段可知他也曾经有过这样的表情，而现在他不再有这样的表情了，因此选择behind，leave...behind表示“把……抛在后面”。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1.【2016·全国新课标I】完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） ‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 ‎ ‎ A Heroic Driver ‎ Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was __41__along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.‎ The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle. 51 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck.‎ Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go.‎ One thing is 59 —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to ‎ the burning vehicle! His 60 most likely saved the woman’s life.‎ ‎41. A. walking B. touring C．traveling D．rushing ‎42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers D. customers ‎43. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If ‎44. A. each B. another C. that D. his ‎45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam ‎46. A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned ‎47. A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled ‎48. A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came over ‎49. A. returned B. received C. made D. confirmed ‎50. A. then B. again C. finally D. even ‎51. A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching ‎52. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm ‎53. A. for B. so C. and D. but ‎54. A. explode B. slip away C. fall apart D. crash ‎55. A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after ‎56. A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out ‎57. A. woman B. police C. man D. driver ‎58. A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free ‎59. A. for certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked ‎60. A. patience B. skills C. efforts D. promise ‎【答案】‎ ‎41-45 CDCBA 46-50 BADCA 51-55 DBDAC 56-60 BBDAC ‎46.B考查形容词词辨析及语境理解。根据第二段中a women’s voice coming from the wrecked vehicle，可知汽车是毁坏了的，used使用；disabled 残废的；removed被移除了的；abandoned被遗弃的。故选B。‎ ‎47.A考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据后句可知他下车去灭火。Get hold of拿起；prepare准备；take charge of负责；control控制。故选A。‎ ‎48.D考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据and told Larry he had _48__ an emergency call可知，那个司机走了过来和Larry说话。Come down下来；come through 经历；come in进来；come over 走过来。故选D。‎ ‎49.C考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据下文警察来了可知这个司机打了电话报警。Return 归还； receive a call 接到电话；make a call 打电话； confirm确认。 故选C。‎ ‎53.D考查连词辨析及语境理解。根据后句可以推断这位受困的女士想从汽车里出来，而Larry不让她动，怕她伤到脖子，这两句话之间是转折关系。for 因为；. So所以；and 并且； but但是。故选D。‎ ‎54.A考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据后句内容判断这位妇女害怕汽车会爆炸。Explore爆炸；slip away溜走；fall apart 崩溃；crash坠毁，摔碎；故选A 。‎ ‎55.C考查短语和介词辨析及语境理解。根据上文可知Larry害怕她脖子会受伤，前后句之间是假设关系。As if仿佛；unless 除非； in case 以免； after在之后。故选C。‎ ‎56.B考查动词短语辨析及语境理解。根据后句内容可以推断他们为了不妨碍警察救人，都退到后面。Stepped forward 迈步向前；backed off退后； moved on 继续前行；set out出发；根据句意选B。‎ ‎57.B考查名词辨析及语境理解。根据上文Once fire and emergency people arrived可知是救援的警察赶到现场。woman 妇女；police 警察；man 男人； driver司机；故选B。‎ ‎58.D考查形容词辨析及语境理解。根据后句可知警察让他离开了，由此判断Larry询问警察他是否可以离去。Forbidden被禁止的；ready有准备的； asked 被问到的； free自由的。Be free to do sth 自由地做某事。故选D。‎ ‎59.A考查短语辨析及语境理解。根据上文可知Larry救人的事实是确定无疑的。for certain 确定无疑； for consideration 以供参考； report报道；check核实；故选A。‎ 考点：考查故事类短文阅读 ‎2.【2016·全国新课标II】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎ Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(装置)on ‎ your desk. And they’ve never actually 21 you. Everything they know about you 22 through this device, sometimes from hundreds of miles away. 23 they feel they can know you 24 from the sound of your voice. That’s how powerful the 25 is.‎ ‎ Powerful, yes, but not always 26 . For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone. Rani, my faceless agent whom I’d never met 27 , got me rock-bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 28 me. I sometimes wished to 29 another agent.‎ ‎ One morning, I had to 30 an immediate flight home for a family emergency. I ran into Rani’s office 31 . The woman sitting at the desk, 32 my madness, sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a 33 smile, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the 34 immediately. “What a wonderful lady!” I thought.‎ ‎ Rushing out 35 I called out over my shoulder, “By the way, what’s your name?” “I’m Rani,” she said. I turned around and saw a 36 woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. I was 37 ! Why had I thought she was cold? Rani was, well, so 38 .‎ ‎ Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out. Rani’s 39 ---her warm smile, her nods, her ‘I’m here for you’ 40 ---were all silent signals that didn’t travel through wires.‎ ‎21. A. accepted B. noticed C. heard D. met ‎22. A. came B. moved C. ran D. developed ‎23. A. Thus B. Yet C. Then D. Indeed ‎24. A. rather B. also C. just D. already ‎25. A. Telephone B. voice C. connection D. impression ‎26. A. direct B. useful C. easy D. accurate ‎27. A. in person B. by myself C. in public D. on purpose ‎28. A. annoyed B. interested C. discouraged D. confused ‎29. A. promote B. train C. find D. know ‎30. A. arrange B. postpone C. confirm D. book ‎31. A. for the first time B. at any time C. from time to time D. in good time ‎32. A. expecting B. seeing C. testing D. avoiding ‎33. A. shy B. comforting C. familiar D. forced ‎34. A. bill B. form C. ticket D. list ‎35. A. hopefully B. disappointedly C. gratefully D. regretfully ‎36. A. careful B. serious C. nervous D. pleasant ‎37. A. amused B. worried C. helpless D. speechless ‎38. A. calm B. nice C. proud D. clever ‎39. A. forgiveness B. eagerness C. friendliness D. skillfulness ‎40. A. explanation B. attitude C. concept D. Behavior ‎【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A26. D 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. D ‎31. A 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. C36. D 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. B ‎23.B 考查上下文串联。虽然你们之间的距离很远，但是他们只要通过你的声音，就可以了解你。上下文之间是转折关系，所以使用副词yet串联前后语义。故B正确。‎ ‎24.C 考查副词辨析。副词rather相当地；also也；just只是；already已经；本句使用just表示强调，别人只要通过声音就可以了解你。故C正确。‎ ‎25.A 考查上下文串联。根据26空后“only by phone”可知本文介绍的是电话，人们可以通过电话了解你。故A正确。‎ ‎26.D 考查上下文串联。形容词direct直接的；useful有用的；easy容易的；accurate准确的；本空前的but说明上下文之间是转折关系，电话虽然很强大，但是也并不是很准确。与ABC三项语义不搭配。故D正确。‎ ‎27.A 考查介词辨析。介词in person亲自，by myself靠自己；in public当众；on purpose故意地；A项与空前的faceless形成呼应，Rani是代理人，但是我们从来没有碰过面。故A正确。‎ ‎28.A 考查上下文串联。空前的cold voice可知Rani在电话里的声音很冷漠，和让我很不高兴，甚至想过要另外找一个代理人。说明我对他的声音很反感。故A正确。‎ ‎29.C 考查上下文串联。动词promote提拔；train训练；find寻找，找到；know知道；正是因为Rani的声音让我很不舒服，所以我曾经想过另外找代理人取代他。故C正确。‎ ‎30.D 考查动词辨析。动词arrange预定；postpone推迟；confirm确认；book预定；因为家庭中的紧急事情我要立刻预定回家的航班。动词book与flight相搭配。故D正确。‎ ‎31.A 考查介词短语。短语for the first time第一次；at any time随时；from time to time时而不时；in good time及时，迅速；因为情况紧急，所以我第一次亲自来到Rani的办公室。故A正确。‎ ‎32.B 考查动词辨析。动词expect期待，预料；see看见；test检测；avoid避免；她看到了我的着急，Rani非常同情我，给了我安慰的笑容。动词see与上下文搭配一致。‎ ‎33.B 考查形容词辨析。形容词shy害羞的；comforting安慰的；familiar熟悉的；forced被迫的；她看到我很着急，笑着安慰我。故B正确。‎ ‎34.C 考查上下文串联。根据30空可知我要预定回家的航班的机票，本句中Rani很快帮我把机票打印出来。故C正确。‎ ‎35.C 考查上下文串联。副词hopefully充满希望地；disappointedly感到失望地；gratefully感激地；regretfully遗憾地；对方如此迅速地帮我把机票打印出来，而且一直面带微笑，这让我心存感激。故C项正确。‎ 考点：考查夹叙夹议类阅读 ‎3.【2016·全国新课标III】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ When I was13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team.That meant 21 Miller King,who was the best 22 at our school.‎ Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out.I carried my football everywhere for 23.‎ Just before September,Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm.I went to see him after he came back from 24 .He looked very 25 ,but he didn’t cry.‎ That season,I 26 all of Miller`srecords while he 27 the home games from the bench.We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, 28 I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s 29 .‎ One afternoon,I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller 30 going over a fence—which wasn’t 31 to climb if you had both arms.I’m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept 32 from.But even that challenge he accepted.I 33 him move slowly over the fence.When we were finally 34 on the other side,he said to me,＂You know,I didn’t tell you this during the season,but you did 35 .Thank you for filling in for 36 .＂‎ His words freed me from my bad 37.I thought to myself,how even without an arm he was more of a leader.Damaged but not defeated,he was 38 ahead of me. I was right to have 39 him.From that day on，I grew 40 and a little more real.‎ ‎21.A. cheering for B.beating out C. relying on D.staying with ‎22.A.coach B.student C. teacher D.player ‎23.A.practice B. show C. comfort D.pleasure ‎24.A.school B. vacation C. hospital D.training ‎25.A. pale B. calm C. relaxed D.ashamed ‎26.A. held B. broke C. set D.tried ‎27.A.reported B.judged C. organized D.watched ‎28.A.and B. then C. but D.thus ‎29.A. decision B. mistake C.accident D.sacrifice ‎30.A.stuck B. hurt C. tried D.lost ‎31.A. steady B. hard C. fun D.fit ‎32. A.praise B. advice C. assistance D.apology ‎33.A.let B. helped C. had D.noticed ‎34.A. dropped B. ready C. trapped D.safe ‎35.A.fine B.wrong C. quickly D.normally ‎36.A. us B. yourself C. me D.them ‎37.A.memories B. ideas C. attitudes D.dreams ‎38.A.still B. also C. yet D.just ‎39.A. challenged B.cured C. invited D.admired ‎40.A.healthier B. bigger C. cleverer D.cooler ‎【答案】‎ ‎21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. D ‎35. A 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. B ‎21.B考查动词短语辨析。A. cheering for为…欢呼；B. beating out打败；C. relying on依靠；D. staying with和......待在一起。根据“become the star on our football team”可知，要想成为球队里的明星，就要打败最优秀的球员，故选B。‎ ‎26.B考查动词辨析。A. held握住；B. broke打破；C. set创立，开创；D. tried尝试。根据“records记录”可知，作者破了Miller的纪录，故选B。‎ ‎27.D考查动词辨析。A.reported报告；B. judged 判断；C. organized组织；D. watched观看。while he 27 the home games from the bench受伤后的Miller坐在长凳上观看比赛，故选D。‎ ‎28.C考查并列连词。A.and和；B. then然后；C. but但是；D. thus因此。I was named most valuable player和I often had crazy dreams形成对比，作者虽然被封为最有价值球员，但是他总是做噩梦，故选C。‎ ‎29.C考查名词辨析。A. decision决定；B. mistake错误；C. accident事故；D. sacrifice牺牲。让作者感到内疚的是，仿佛是自己应该为Miller的事故负责，作者觉得有点胜之不武，故选C。‎ ‎30.A考查形容词辨析。A.stuck；B. hurt；C. tired劳累的；D. lost丢失的。saw Miller 30 going over a fence作者看到Miller在翻篱笆，只有一只手臂的Miller翻篱笆很困难，因此应该是被卡在篱笆上了，故选A。‎ ‎31.B考查形容词辨析。A. steady稳定的；B. hard困难的；C. fun有趣的；D. fit合适的，健康的。if you had both arms.手臂健全的人翻篱笆不费吹灰之力，故选B。‎ ‎32.C考查名词辨析。A.praise表扬；B. advice建议；C. assistance帮助；D. apology道歉。作者认为Miller最不愿接受作者的帮助，the last最不可能的，故选C。‎ ‎33.B考查动词辨析。A.let让；B. helped帮助；C. had有，使；D. noticed注意到。根据“he accepted”可知，Miller接受了作者的帮助，故选B。‎ ‎34.D考查形容词辨析。A. dropped；B. ready准备好的；C. trapped被困住的；D. safe安全的。作者和Miller两人成功翻过篱笆，故选D。‎ ‎39.D考查动词辨析。A. challenged挑战；B. cured治愈；C. invited邀请；D. admired 敬佩，赞赏，欣赏。I was right to have 39 him.作者认为自己敬佩Miller没有做错，故选D。‎ ‎40.B考查形容词比较级。A.healthier更健康的；B. bigger更大的，更重要的，更成功的；C. cleverer更聪明的；D. cooler更酷的，更凉的。从那天起，作者长大了许多，更重视自己的存在了，故选B。‎ 考点：生活故事类短文阅读 ‎4.【2016·北京】完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上讲该项涂黑。‎ A Race Against Death It was a cold January in 1925 in North Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.‎ On the 20th of that month, Dr.Welch 36 a Sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious(传染的)disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 37 if it struck the town. Dr.Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 38 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.‎ How could the medicine get to Nome? The town`s 39 was already full of ice, so it couldn’t come by ship. Cars and horses couldn’t travel on the 40 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn’t exist yet.‎ ‎ 41 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twemty more were 42 . Nome`s town officials came up with a(n) 43 . They would have the medicine sent by 44 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogeled(狗拉雪橇)drivers—known as “mushers”—would 45 it to Nome in a relay(接力).‎ The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 46 he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon`s face was black from the extreme cold.‎ On January 31,a musher named Seppala had to 47 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound .It was the most 48 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice,which could sometimes break up without warning.If that happened,Seppala might fall into the icy water below.He would 49 ,and so would the sick children of Nome.But Seppala made it across.‎ A huge snowstorm hit on February 1.Amusher named Kaasen had to brave this storm.At one point,huge piles of sonw blocked his 50 .He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹)to get around ‎ them.Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 51 the trail again. The only hope was Balto,Kaasen’s lead dog, Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail.If Balto failed,it would mean disaster for Nome.The minutes passed by.Suddenly, Balto began to 53 .He had found the trail.‎ At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog 54 in Nome. Within minutes,Dr.Welch had the medicine.He quickly gave it to the sick children.All of them recovered.‎ Nome had been 55 .‎ ‎36.A.examined B.warned C.interviewed D.cured ‎37.A.harmless B.helpless C. fearless D.careless ‎38.A.Moreover B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However ‎39.A.airport B.station C. harbor D.border ‎40.A.narrow B. snowy C.busy D.dirty ‎41.A.From B.On C.By D.After ‎42.A.tired B.upset C. pale D.sick ‎43.A.plan B.excuse C.message D.topic ‎44.A.air B.rail C. sea D.road ‎45.A.carry B.return C. mail D.give ‎46.A.Though B.Since C. When D.If ‎47.A.enter B.move C. visit D.cross ‎48.A.shameful B.boring C.dangerous D.foolish ‎49.A.escape B.bleed C. swim D.die ‎50.A.memory B.exit C.way D.destination ‎51.A.find B.fix C. pass D.change ‎52.A.pretending B.trying C. asking D.learning ‎53.A.run B.leave C. bite D.play ‎54.A.gathered B.stayed C. camped D.arrived ‎55.A.controlled B.saved C.founded D.developed ‎【答案】‎ ‎36.A37.B38.D39.C40.B41.C42.D43.A44.B45.A46.C47.D48.C49.D50.C51.A52.B53.A54.D55.B ‎38. D考查副词辨析。A.Moreover而且；B.Therefore因此；C.Otherwise否则；D.However然而。然而，最近的药品供应站距离诺姆一千多里，前后是转折关系，故选D。‎ ‎39. C考查名词辨析。A.airport机场； B.station车站；C. harbor 港口；D.border边境。根据“so it couldn’t come by ship”可知，这里指港口结冰，故选C。‎ ‎40. B考查形容词辨析。A.narrow狭窄的；B. snowy被雪覆盖的；C.busy繁忙的；D.dirty脏的。根据第一段可知，大雪覆盖了道路，汽车和马都不能通行，故选B。‎ ‎41. C考查介词辨析。A.From从，自；B.On在......上面；C.By通过，在......之前；D.After在......之后。by+时间，与完成时连用，后跟过去的时间，用过去完成时；跟将来的时间，用将来完成时，故选C。‎ ‎42. D考查形容词辨析。A.tired劳累的；B.upset难过的；C. pale苍白的；D.sick生病的。四个孩子相继去世，还有20几个患病，故选D。‎ ‎43. A考查名词辨析。A.plan计划；B.excuse借口；C.message信息；D.topic话题。当地的官员想到了一个计划，故选A。‎ ‎44. B考查名词辨析。A.air空气；B.rail栏杆，铁轨；C. sea海洋；D.road道路。根据下一段“from the train at Nenana”可知，药物被用火车运到Nenana，故选B。‎ ‎45. A考查动词辨析。A.carry运送，携带；B.return返回，归还；C. mail邮寄；D.give给。然后再由乘坐狗拉的雪橇的人把药物接力送到诺姆，故选A。‎ ‎46. C考查时间状语从句。A.Though虽然；B.Since因为，自从；C. When当；D.If如果。当他把药物交给下一个人时，他的脸已经被冻得乌青，故选C。‎ ‎47. D考查动词辨析。A.enter进入；B.move移动；C. visit拜访；D.cross穿过。根据“Norton Sound was covered with ice”可知，Norton Sound是一片冰冻的水域，Seppala必须穿过这片水域，故选D。‎ ‎52. B考查动词辨析。A.pretending假装；B.trying努力；C. asking问，要求；D.learning学会。Seppala的雪橇狗努力嗅着其它狗的味道，故选B。‎ ‎53. A考查动词辨析。A. run跑；B.leave离开；C. bite咬；D.play玩耍。Seppala的雪橇狗找到了轨道，开始奔跑起来，故选A。‎ ‎54. D考查动词辨析。A.gathered聚集；B.stayed保持；C. camped露营，借住；D.arrived到达。arrive in sp到达某地，这里指终于到达诺姆，故选D。‎ ‎55. B考查动词辨析。A.controlled控制；B.saved拯救；C.founded建立；D.developed发展。所有的孩子得到了救治，诺姆活了下来，故选B。‎ 考点：人物故事类短文阅读 ‎5.【2016·天津】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选春最佳选项。‎ The journey my daughter Cathy has had with her swimming is as long as it is beautiful.‎ Cathy suffered some terrible 16 in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment, she 17 became healthy.‎ Two years ago, while Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer. Last summer, she wanted to 18 out local swim team. She practiced hard and finally 19 it. The team practice, 20 was a rough start. She coughed and choked and could hardly 21 her first few weeks. Hearing her coughing bitterly one night, I decided to 22 her from it all. But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit 23 to go! I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing, but she refused to 24 and insisted she go .‎ From that day on, Cathy kept swimming and didn’t 25 a single practice. She had a 26 intention within herself to be the best she could be. My ten—year—old was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this 27 human being with a passion and a mission. There were moments of 28 of course: often she would be the last swimmer in the race. It was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasn’t a 29 ---ever. But that didn’t stop her from trying. ‎ Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to 30 her friends and praise their accomplishments. As the ceremony was nearing the end, I suddenly heard the head coach 31 , “The highest honor goes to Cathy!” Looking around, he continued, “Cathy has inspired us with her 32 and enthusiasm. 33 skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset(财富)one can hold is the heart.”‎ It was the greatest 34 of my daughter’s life. With all she had been 35 in her ten years, this was the hour of true triumph(成功).‎ ‎16. A. failure B. pressure C. loss D. illness ‎17. A. usually B. finally C. firstly D. frequently ‎18. A. improve B. train C. join D. contact ‎ ‎19. A. increased B. found C. created D. made ‎20. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead ‎21. A. use B. survive C. save D. waste ‎22. A. pull B. tell C. hide D. fire ‎23. A. afraid B. nervous C. ready D. free ‎24. A. take off B. set off C. give up D. show up ‎25. A. attend B. miss C. ban D. Start ‎26. A. rich B. weak C. firm D. kind ‎ ‎27. A. trusted B.determined C.experienced D. embarrassed ‎ ‎28. A. frustration B. delight C. excitement D. surprise ‎ ‎29. A. beginner B.learner C. partner D. winner ‎30. A. cheer on B. compete with C. respond to D. run after ‎31. A. admitting B.explaining C.announcing D. whispering ‎32. A. humor B. will C. honesty D. wisdom ‎33. A. Although B. Since C. Once D. Because ‎34. A. discovery B. choice C. influence D. moment ‎35. A. through B. under C. across D. around ‎ ‎【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述自己十岁的女儿在童年遭受病痛之苦，在接受治疗之后好转。之后决心做一个游泳选手，虽然身体不适，还是坚持训练，虽然经常是比赛后的最后一名，但是一直不放弃。最后教练的一番话给予Cathy最大的奖励和肯定。‎ ‎16.【答案】D 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎17.【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 根据上文After years of regular treatment，可知，她最后健康了。A.通常；B.最后；C.首先；D.经常。故选B。‎ 考点：考查副词辨析。‎ ‎18.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 根据上文a dream came into her sweet little head，可知，她想参加我们当地的游泳队。A.提高；B.训练；C.参加；D.联系。故选C。‎ 考点：考查动词辨析。‎ ‎19.【答案】D 考点：考查动词辨析和固定搭配。‎ ‎20.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 根据下文was a tough start，可知，然而，游泳队的训练是个艰难的开始。A.然而；B.因此；C.否则；D.代替。故选A。‎ 考点：考查副词辨析。‎ ‎21.【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 根据上文she coughed and choked，可知，她咳嗽，窒息，在前几个星期几乎不能生存。A.使用； B. 生存； C. 拯救；节约；D.浪费。故选B。‎ 考点：考查动词辨析。‎ ‎22.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 根据Hearing her coughing bitterly one night，可知，我决定将她拉开。A.拉；B.告诉，辨别；C.躲藏；D.解雇。故选A。‎ 考点：考查动词辨析。‎ ‎23.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 根据wearing her swimsuit，可知，她穿着游泳衣准备走。A.害怕的；B.紧张的；C.准备好的；D.免费的，自由的。故选C。‎ 考点：考查形容词辨析。‎ ‎24.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 根据I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing，可知，她拒绝放弃，坚持要走。A.脱下，起飞；开始流行；B.启程，引发；C.放弃；D.出现。故选C。‎ 考点：考查动词短语辨析。[]‎ ‎25.【答案】B ‎ 考点：考查动词辨析。‎ ‎26.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 根据上文：Cathy一直在训练，没有错过一次训练，可知，她的内心有坚定的意志。A.富有的；B.虚弱的；C.坚定的； D. 好心的。故选C。‎ 考点：考查形容词辨析。‎ ‎27.【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 根据下文with a passion and a mission，可知，我十岁的女儿成长为一个有决心的人。A.信任的；B.有决心的；C.有经验的； D. 尴尬的。故选B。‎ 考点：考查形容词辨析。‎ ‎28.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 根据下文often she would be the last swimmer in the race可知，也有挫败的时候。A.沮丧，挫败；B.高兴；C.兴奋；D.惊讶。故选A。‎ 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎29.【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 根据上文the last swimmer，可知，要Cathy接受她不是获胜者很难。A.初学者；B.学习者；C.伙伴；D.获胜者。故选D。‎ 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎30.【答案】A 考点：考查动词短语辨析。‎ ‎31.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 根据下文总教练说的话，可知，这里是总教练宣布的事情。A.承认；B.解释；C.宣布；D.低语，耳语。故选C。‎ 考点：考查动词辨析。‎ ‎32.【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 根据enthusiasm可知，教练说：是Cathy用她的意志力和热情激励了我们。A.幽默；B.意愿，意志力；C.诚实；D.智慧。故选B。‎ 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎33.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 根据下文the most valuable asset…可知，虽然技巧和才能带来巨大成功，但是一个人能拥有的最珍贵的财富是心。A.虽然；B.自从；C.一旦；D.因为。故选A。‎ 考点：考查连词辨析。‎ ‎34.【答案】D 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎35.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 根据句意：由于这十年她经历的时间，这是真正成功的时候。A.通过（内部），经历；B.在……下面；C.穿过（表面）；D.在……周围。故选A。‎ 考点：考查介词辨析。‎ ‎6.【2016·上海】Reading Comprehension Section A ‎    Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.‎ In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 51 work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.‎ In any case, despite so much evidence to the 52 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, 53 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from 54 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers.‎ Different cultures have different ways of 55 people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making—all members of the department or work group are asked to 56 to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general 57 . Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional 58 managers cannot.‎ A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without 59 managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 60 the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be 61 with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 62 been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to 63 that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.‎ Another trend is off-site or 64 management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the 65 of the ‎ team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.‎ ‎51. A. desire B. seek C. lose D. dislike ‎ ‎52. A. contrary B. expectation C. degree D. extreme ‎ ‎53. A. vice versa B. for example C. however D. otherwise ‎54. A. outside B. inside C. below D. above ‎ ‎55. A. replacing B. assessing C. managing D. encouraging ‎ ‎56. A. refer B. contribute C. object D. apply ‎57. A. agreement B. practice C. election D. impression ‎58. A. bossy B. experienced C. western D. male ‎ ‎ 59. A. asking B. training C. warning D. firing ‎ ‎60. A. doubling B. maintaining C. reducing D. estimating ‎ ‎61. A. honored B. left C. crowded D. compared ‎62. A. economically B. traditionally C. inadequately D. occasionally ‎ ‎63. A. deny B. admit C. assume D. ensure ‎64. A. virtual B. ineffective C. day-to-day D. on-the-scene ‎65. A. opinion B. risk C. performance D. attractiveness ‎【答案】51. D    52. A    53. B    54. D    55. C    56. B    57. A    58. D    59. A    60. C  61. B    62. B    63. D    64. A    65. C    ‎ ‎53.B 考查上下文串联。本句中for example表示举例说明；这些管理人仍然同意X理论，例如他们认为如果要员工效率高，就需要给与他们不断的监督。这属于X理论的举例说明。故B正确。‎ ‎54.D 考查上下文串联。根据后句“...makes for authoritarianmanagers....”可知这属于专制的管理方法，他们的决定是来自上而下的，没有任何商量的余地。故D项“above上面的”正确。‎ ‎55.C 考查上下文串联。根据前段可知本文讨论的管理学的理论，使用本句使用动词“manage管理”，不同的文化中有不同的管理人的方法。而且和下文中亚洲、西方的管理方法形成呼应。故C正确。‎ ‎56.B 考查动词短语辨析。短语refer to提到，谈到；contribute to做贡献；导致；object to反对；apply to适用于；亚洲人使用的是协商式的管理方法，所有人都被要求对管理的过程做出自己的贡献。故B正确。‎ ‎59.A 考查上下文串联。根据前句“... encourage employees to use their own initiative...鼓励员工使用自己的首创精神”，也就是说在做出决定的时候不要请示上级经理，自己做出决定即可。故A项正确。‎ ‎60.C 考查上下文串联。根据前句“the trend towards ‎ downsizing缩小规模的趋势”，也就是要减少管理层的数量，可以直接做出决定而不需要请示上级。故动词“reduce减少”符合上下文串联。‎ ‎61.B 考查短语辨析辨析。动词be honored with被授予；be left with留下，剩下；be crowded with挤满；be compared with与..相比；通过这种方法，公司只剩下高层管理者和前线的与公众直接联系的一线管理人。省略了很多中央环节，提高了管理的效益。故B正确。‎ ‎62.B 考查副词辨析。副词economically经济地；traditionally传统地；inadequately不充分地；occasionally偶尔地；根据后句“Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management...”可知授权管理是一个新型的管理方法，与传统的管理模式不一样。故B正确。‎ ‎63.D 考查动词辨析。动词deny否认；admit承认；assume假定，设想；ensure保证，确保；授权管理是一种新型的管理方法，省略了中央管理环节，保证了整个商业计划被采用。根据句意可知D正确。‎ ‎64.A 考查上下文串联。形容词virtual虚拟的；ineffective低效的；day-to-day日常的；on-the-scene现场的；根据后句“where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses”可知在这种新型的管理方法中，人们都是通过邮件和网络联系，说明这种一种新型通过虚拟网络进行的管理方法。故A正确。‎ ‎65.C 考查名词辨析。名词opinion观点；risk冒险；performance表现；attractiveness魅力；根据后半句中“‎ in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them”可知我们评价员工的表现是根据他们的产品而不是工作的时间。故C项正确。‎ ‎7.【2016·四川】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Lainey finished third grade. She had good grades and could read 21 grade level, but she did not like to read. On a family car trip, her Aunt Dede pulled out a copy of Harry Potter, as a surprise for her 22 . But Lainey took one look at it, 23 her eyes, and said, “Borring!”‎ Aunt Dede, a teacher, had read the book to her students, and they loved it. 24 the youngest children in the class were 25 by the story. They 26 with great interest and then 27 joined in grand conversations about Harry`s adventures.‎ ‎“How can you say it`s 28 ? Have you read it? ” asked Aunt Dede.‎ ‎“No, it`s too long and it doesn`t have any 29 .” complained Lainey.‎ ‎“Oh, that`s where you are 30 ;there are lots of pictures. Every page is full of pictures; you just have to read the words to 31 them. It`s like magic.”‎ ‎“Nice try , Aunt Dede,”Lainey replied 32 from the back seat.‎ Another 33 was in order. “Well, if you don’t want to read it, give it34 .Maybe your mom would 35 hearing the story.” The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede and she began to read it aloud. By the end of the first chapter,36 were coming from the back seat:“Please read a little37.”‎ Lainey is an example of an 38reader. As shown here, Lainey can become 39 about reading when 40 with literature on topics that interest her, and when the people around her model involvement in the reading process.‎ ‎21.A．within B.on C.to D. above ‎22.A．daughter B.niece C. student D.friend ‎23.A．opened B.dried C.rolled D.shaded ‎24.A．Even B.Still C. Just D.Yet ‎25.A．surprised B.annoyed C. puzzled D.attracted.‎ ‎26.A．read B.told C.listened D.wrote ‎27.A．suspectedly B.anxiously C.calmly D.enthusiastically ‎28.A．amazing B.boring C.ridiculous D.humorous ‎29.A．pictures B.stories C. adventures D.conversations ‎30.A．crazy B.foolish C. wrong D.different ‎31.A．see B. match C.show D.recognize ‎32.A．sourly B.patiently C. eagerly D.shyly ‎33.A．idea B.try C.belief D.behavior ‎34.A．away B.out C.in D.back ‎35.A．enjoy B.admit C. mind D.finish ‎36.A．decisions B. requests C.comments D.promises ‎37.A.more clearly   B.longer   C. louder   D.more carefully 38.A. Unpleasant   B. Innocent   C.unwilling    D.independent  39.A.astonished     B.worried   C. confused   D.excited 40.A. presented     B. concerned  C.disturbed    D.replaced ‎【答案】21.D 22.B 23.C 24.A 25.D 26.C 27.D 28.B 29.A 30.C 31.A 32.A 33.B 34.D 35.A 36.B 37.C 38.C 39.D 40.A ‎22.B考查名词。A．daughter女儿；B.niece侄子；C. student 学生；D.friend朋友。根据“姑姑拿出一本哈利比特”，可知是“给她侄子一个惊喜”，故选B。‎ ‎23.C考查动词。A．opend打开；B.dried哭；C.rolled滚动；D.shaded遮蔽。句意：Lainey看了它一眼，转动着眼珠，说“令人厌烦”。故选C。‎ ‎28.B考查形容词。A．amazing令人惊讶的；B.boring厌烦的；C.ridiculous荒谬的；D.humorous幽默的。根据第一段最后一个单词，可知此处意思是“你怎么能说它是令人厌烦的呢”？故选B。‎ ‎29.A考查名词。A．pictures图画；B.stories故事；C. adventures冒险； D.conversations谈话。句意：它太长，也没有图画。根据文章第一句可知他是一个三年级的孩子，当然喜欢看图画。故选A。‎ ‎30.C考查形容词。A．crazy疯狂的；B.foolish 愚蠢的；C. wrong 错误的；D.different不同的。‎ 根据空格下句“有许多图画，每页都有图画”。可知你说没图画是你“错了”。故选C。‎ ‎31.A考查动词。A．see看见；B. match匹配；C.show展示；D.recognize认出。句意：只是你必须读单词才能看见它们。故选A。‎ ‎32.A考查副词。A．sourly怪怪地，酸酸地；B.patiently耐心地；C. eagerly热切地； D.shyly害羞地。句意：Lainey怪怪地说，“试一次”。故选A。‎ ‎33.B考查名词。A．idea主意，想法；B.try尝试；C.belief信念；D.behavior举止，行为。句意：又试了一次。故选B。‎ ‎34.D 考查副词。A．away离开；B.out外面；C.in在---里面；D.back向后地。句意：如果你不想读它，把它还回去。give back归还，故选D。‎ ‎35.A考查动词。A．enjoy喜爱；B.admit承认；C. mind介意； D.finish完成。句意：或许你的妈妈喜欢听这个故事。故选A。‎ ‎39.D考查过去分词。A.astonished 吃惊的； B.worried担忧的；  C. confused 困惑的； D.excited兴奋的。正如上面所示，Lainey关于阅读能变的兴奋。故选D。‎ ‎40.A考查动词。A. presented赠送，提出，呈现；  B. concerned 牵挂；C.disturbed 干扰； D.replaced代替。句意：当提供给他感兴趣的话题时，Lainey关于阅读能变的兴奋。present提出，呈现。故选A。‎ ‎8.【2016·浙江】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分0）‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—40各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。‎ During the war,my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.I went to live there in order to be 21 him. I hated the place .I had never 22 been so unhappy . My husband was ordered out on a long-term duty,and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone. The heat was 23 -almost 125 0F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌)。 24 a soul to talk to . The wind blew non-stop ,and all the food I ate ,and the evry air I breathed,were 25 with sand , sand , sand !‎ I was so sorry for myself that I wrote to my parents. I told them I was 26 and coming back home.I said I couldn’t stand it one minute longer. I 27 be in prison! My father answered my 28 with just two lines-two lines that will always sing in my 29 - two lines that completely changed my life :‎ ‎ Two men looked out from prison bars ‎ ‎ One saw the mud ,the other saw the stars ‎ I read those two lines 30 I was ashamed of myself. I made up my mind I would find out what was good in my present 31 ; I would look for the stars. ‎ I made friends with the natives,and their 32 amazed me. They gave me presents of their favorite artworks which they had 33 to sell to tourists . I studied the delightful forms of the cactus .I watched for the desert sunsets,and 34 for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago when the desert had been an ocean 35 ‎ What brought about this 36 change in me ? The desert hadn’t changed , 37 I had .I had changed my 38 And by doing so ,I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing 39 of my life . I was excited by this new world that I had discovered I had looked out of my self-created prison and 40 the stars ‎ ‎21. A. off B. behind C. near D. beyond ‎22. A. before B. already C. then D. still ‎23. A. inflexible B. incomprehensible C. uncontrollable D.unbearable ‎24. A. Only B. Not C. Many D.Such ‎25. A. covered B. filled C. buried D. charged ‎26. A. catching up B. keeping up C. giving up D.getting up ‎ ‎27. A. ought to B. might well C. would rather D.had better ‎28. A.request B. call C. question D.letter ‎29. A. comparison B. imagination C. consideration D. memory ‎30. A. over and over B. by and by C. up and down D.now and then ‎31. A. company B. occupation C. situation D.relationship ‎32. A. movement B. reaction C. guidance D.purpose ‎33. A. refused B. failed C. managed D.happened ‎34. A. asked B. hunted C. waited D.headed ‎35. A. floor B. surface C. rock D.level ‎36. A. shocking B. challenging C. puzzling D.astonishing ‎37. A. as B. but C. for D.or ‎ ‎38. A. attitude B. principle C. identity D.standard ‎39. A. vacation B. operation C. affair D. adventure ‎40. A. sought B. counted C. found D.reached ‎【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述自己为了离丈夫近一些，住在他所在的沙漠的军营里，寂寞的生活和艰苦的生活条件让作者难以忍受，她写信告诉父母要回家。父亲给他的信中就两行字，就是这两行字使作者改变了自己对人生的态度。‎ ‎21.【答案】C 考点：考查介词辨析。‎ ‎22.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 根据下文I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone.可知，作者以前从没有感觉这么不开心。A.以前；B.已经；C.然后；D.仍然。故选A。‎ 考点：考查副词辨析。‎ ‎23.【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 根据almost 125F，可知炎热让人无法忍受。 A.不灵活的；B.无法理解的；C.不能控制的；D.不能忍受的。故选D。‎ 考点：考查形容词辨析。‎ ‎24.【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 根据上文a desert和alone，可知，没有一个人可以交谈。A.仅仅；B. 没有；C.很多；D.这样。故选B。‎ 考点：考查副词辨析。‎ ‎25.【答案】B ‎ 考点：考查动词辨析。‎ ‎26.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 根据下文coming back home，可知，作者写信给父母，告诉他们她要放弃。A.赶上； B. 维持； C. 放弃；D.起床。故选C。‎ 考点：考查动词短语辨析。‎ ‎27.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 根据上文I said I couldn’t stand it one minute longer，可知，我宁愿在监狱里。A.应该；B.不妨，最好；C.宁愿；D.最好。故选C。‎ 考点：考查短语辨析。‎ ‎28.【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 根据上文I wrote to my parents，可知，作者的爸爸回复了作者的信，只有两行字。A.请求；B.电话；C.问题；D.信。故选D。‎ 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎29.【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 根据句意：这两行字将永远在我记忆里唱响—这是永远改变我的生活的两行字。A.对比； B.想象；C.考虑；D.记忆。故选D。‎ 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎30.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 根据下文I was ashamed of myself.可知，作者一遍又一遍地读这两行字。A.一遍又一遍；B.不久；C. 上上下下； D. 不时。故选A。‎ 考点：考查短语辨析。‎ ‎31.【答案】C 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎32.【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 根据下文They gave me presents of their favorite artworks which they had 33 to sell to tourists .可知，作者和当地人交朋友，他们的反应让作者很惊讶。A.运动；B.反应；C.指导； D.目的。故选B。‎ 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎33.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 根据句意：他们给我最喜欢的艺术作品的礼物，这些作品是他们拒绝卖给游客的。A.拒绝；B.失败；C.设法完成；D.碰巧。故选A。‎ 考点：考查动词辨析。‎ ‎34.【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 根据下文for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago可知，作者寻找几百万前留下的贝壳。A.问；B.打猎；C.等待；D.前往。hunt for寻找。故选B。‎ 考点：考查动词辨析和短语搭配。‎ ‎35.【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 根据上文millions of years ago可知，几百万年前，沙漠曾经是海床。A. 地板；B.表面；C.岩石；D.水平。故选A。‎ 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎36.【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 根据上文two lines that completely changed my life :，可知，这里是：什么造成我这样令人惊讶的改变？A.令人震惊的；B.有挑战的；C.令人困惑的；D.令人惊讶的。故选D。‎ 考点：考查形容词辨析。‎ ‎37.【答案】B 考点：考查连词辨析。‎ ‎38.【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 根据下文I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing可知，虽然作者改变了自己的态度。A.态度；B.原则；C.身份；D.标准。故选A。‎ 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎39.【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 根据上一段内容可知，作者将不愉快的经历变成最令人惊叹的人生冒险。A.假期；B.手术；C.事务；D.冒险。故选D。‎ 考点：考查名词辨析。‎ ‎40.【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 根据上文I would look for the stars.可知，作者从自己创造的监狱向外看，发现了星星。A.寻找；B.数数，重要；C.发现；D.到达。故选C。‎ 考点：考查动词辨析。‎ ‎9.【2016·江苏】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）‎ 请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Years ago, a critical event occurred in my life that would change it forever. I met Kurt Kampmeir of Success Motivation Incorporation for breakfast. While we were ___36,Kurt askedme, “ John, what is your37for personal growth?‎ Never at a loss for words, I tried to find things in my life that might38for growth. I toldhim about the many activities in which I was39. And I went into a40about how hard Iworked and the gains I was making. I must have talked for ten minutes. Kurt41 patiently, but then he42 smiled and said, “You don’t have a personal plan for growth, do you?”‎ ‎ “No, I 43.‎ ‎“You know,” Kurt said simply, “growth is not a(n)44 process.”‎ And that’s when it45 me. I wasn’t doing anything46 to make myself better. And at that moment, I made the47: I will develop and follow a personal growth plan for my48.‎ That night, I talked to my wife about my49 with Kurt and what I had learned. I50 her the workbook and tapes Kurt was selling. We51 that Kurt wasn’t just trying to make a sale. He was offering a52 for us to change our lives and achieve our dreams.‎ Several important things happened that day. First, we decided to 53 the resources. But more importantly, we made a commitment to 54 together as a couple. From that day on, we learned together, traveled together, and sacrificed together. It was a55 decision. While too many couples grow apart, we were growing together.‎ ‎36. A. working B. preparing C. thinking D. eating ‎37. A. suggestion B. demand C. plan D. request ‎38. A. appeal B. look C. call D. qualify ‎39. A. involved B. trapped C. lost D. bathed ‎40. A. lecture B. speech C. discussion D. debate ‎41. A. calculated B. listened C. drank D. explained ‎42. A. eagerly B. gradually C. gratefully D. finally ‎43. A. admitted B. interrupted C. apologized D. complained ‎44. A. automatic B. slow C. independent D. changing ‎45. A. confused B. informed C. pleased D. hit ‎46. A. on loan B. on purpose C. on sale D. on balance ‎47. A. comment B. announcement C. decision D. arrangement ‎48. A. life B. progress C. performance D. investment ‎49. A. contract B. conversation C. negotiation D. argument ‎50. A. lent B. sold C. showed D. offered ‎51. A. recalled B. defined C. recognized D. declared ‎52. A. tool B. method C. way D. rule ‎53. A. provide B. buy C. give D. deliver ‎54. A. grow B. survive C. move D. gather ‎55. A. difficult B. random C. firm D. wise ‎【答案】36-40.DCDA B 41-45.BDAAD 46-50.BCABC 51-55. CCBAD ‎38.D 考查动词短语辨析。动词appeal呼吁，吸引（通常与to连用）；look for寻找；call for需要，需要；qualify for有资格，能胜任；当Kurt提出这个问题的时候，我努力找出一些个人生活中与成长有关的事情。与ABC三项的语义不搭配。故D正确。‎ ‎39.A 考查形容词短语。本句是定语从句，介词in提前至关系代词which之前。形容词短语be involved in参与...；卷入...；be trapped in被困在...中；be lost in沉浸于...；be bathed in被 ... 笼罩;我告诉他很多我所参加的活动。根据句意可知A正确。‎ ‎40.B 考查名词辨析。名词lecture讲课，训话；speech演说，演讲；discussion讨论；debate辩论；争论；我在发表关于自己如何努力工作并取得了很大的成就的演讲。与讨论、争论及讲课无关。故B正确。‎ ‎41.B 考查上下文串联。动词calculate计算，估算；listen听；drink喝；explain解释；我讲了十几分钟自己的个人努力及成就，Kurt在耐心的听我说。故B正确。‎ ‎42.D 考查副词辨析。副词eagerly急切地；gradually逐渐地；gratefully感激地；finally最后，终于；耐心地听我讲了很长时间，最后他笑着对我说：对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧？故D正确。‎ ‎43.A 考查动词辨析。动词admit承认；interrupt打断；apologize道歉；complain抱怨；“Kurt笑着对我说：对于个人成长你并没有计划，是吧？”这是一个否定的反义疑问句，在回答的时候“no”翻译为“是的”。说明我承认自己并没有个人成长计划。故A项正确。‎ ‎44.A 考查形容词辨析。形容词automatic自动的；slow缓慢的；independent独立的；changing不断变化的；Kurt告诉我成长并不是一个自动的过程，一定要有计划性，有计划的个人成长才是有效的成长。从那以后我意识到自己在这方面的缺乏并作出改变。BCD三项与语义不搭配。‎ ‎45.D 考查动词辨析。动词confuse使...困惑；inform通知；please使...高兴；取悦；hit击中；打动；触动；Kurt的话触动了我，我的确没有有意识地做一些事情让自己变得更好。故D项正确。‎ ‎49.B 考查上下文串联。名词contract合同，契约；conversation对话；negotiation谈判；协商；argument争论；根据文章前两段可知我和Kurt在吃早饭的时候，进行了一次关于个人成长计划的谈话。故B正确。‎ ‎50.C 考查动词辨析。动词lend借入；sell出售；show展示；offer提供；我向妻子展示了Kurt正在出售的书和磁带。我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。故ABD三项语义不搭配。故C正确。‎ ‎51.C ‎ 考查动词辨析。动词recall回忆；define定义；recognize意识到；认出；declare宣布；我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。根据句意可知C项正确。‎ ‎52.C 考查名词辨析。名词tool工具；method方法（通常和介词with连用）；way方法；rule规则；Kurt给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。B项的介词搭配错误。故C正确。‎ ‎53. B 考查上下文串联。根据文章前一段可知我们意识到他并不是想向我们兜售自己的书，而是给了我们一个改变生活和实现梦想的方法。说明我们认可了他的观点，所以我们购买了他的书和磁带等资源。故B正确。‎ ‎ (2015·新课标全国Ⅰ)‎ My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend.On the way，we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said，“ 1 my job.Family to Feed.”‎ At this store，a 2 like this is not normal.My 10－year－old noticed him and made a 3 on how bad it must be to have to stand 4 in the cold wind.‎ In the store，I asked each of my kids to 5 something they thought our “friend” there would 6 .They got apples，a sandwich and a bottle of juice.Then my 17－year－old suggested giving him a 7 .I thought about it.We were 8 on cash ourselves，but... well，sometimes 9 from our need instead of our abundance is 10 what we need to do！All the kids 11 something they could do away with for the week.‎ When we handed him the bag of 12 ，he lit up and thanked us with 13 eyes.When I handed him the gift card，saying he could use it for 14 his family might need，he burst into tears.‎ This has been a wonderful 15 for our family.For days the kids have been looking for others we can 16 ！Things would have played out so 17 if I had simply said，“No，we really don't have 18 to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in 19 ，it also gave my kids the 20 taste of helping others.It'll go a long way with them.‎ ‎【语篇导读】　这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了发生在自己身边的一件事。周末的时候作者和孩子们去超市的路上遇到了一个站在寒风中寻求帮助的人，他引导孩子们奉献爱心，快乐自己。通过这次经历，作者诠释了“赠人玫瑰，手留余香”的真谛。‎ ‎1.A.Lost B.Changed C.Quit D.Finished 解析　考查语境中动词的辨析。联系下文内容及“Family to feed.”可知这个人失业了，还要养活家人。故答案为A。‎ 答案　A ‎2.A.condition B.place C.sight D.show 解析　考查语境中名词的辨析。那人手里拿着一张写有“失去工作，供养家人”的纸，站在冷风中。这种情景在超市外面并不常见。condition条件；place地方；sight情景，景象；show展示。显然唯有C项符合题意。‎ 答案　C ‎3.A.suggestion B.comment C.decision D.call 解析　考查语境中名词的辨析。十岁的儿子看到这个站在冷风中的求助者十分感慨，发表评论(comment)。suggestion建议；decision决定；call电话；均不合句意。‎ 答案　B ‎4.A.outside B.proudly C.by D.angrily 解析　考查语境中副词的辨析。由“in the cold wind”所提供的信息可以判断此人是站在超市外面的。‎ 答案　A ‎5.A.draw B.say C.arrange D.pick 解析　考查语境中动词的辨析。根据下文所述可知，我让孩子们挑选(pick)某种他们认为这位朋友喜欢(appreciate)的东西。draw绘画；say说出；arrange安排。均与语境不符。‎ 答案　D ‎6.A.order B.supply C.appreciate D.discover 解析　考查语境中动词的辨析。见上一小题解析。order命令，订购；supply供应；discover发现。均不符合语境。‎ 答案　C ‎7.A.dollar B.job C.hot meal D.gift card 解析　考查语境中名词的辨析。下一段“When I handed him the gift card...”一句已有暗示。‎ 答案　D ‎8.A.easy B.low C.soft D.loose 解析　考查语境中形容词的辨析。根据前面“I thought about it.”以及接下来的“but...well...”可知，我们的现金也不多了。easy容易；low (数量等)不足的；soft 柔软的；loose ‎ 松散的。B项显然符合句意。‎ 答案　B ‎9.A.giving B.saving C.spending D.begging 解析　考查语境中动词的辨析。由全文内容不难看出，作者和孩子们的举动是将财物赠与需要帮助的人。故答案为A。‎ 答案　A ‎10.A.yet B.even C.still D.just 解析　考查语境中副词的辨析。有时，从生活需用品中节省出来赠与别人恰恰是(just)我们需要做的。其余选项不符合语意逻辑。‎ 答案　D ‎11.A.declared B.shared C.ignored D.expected 解析　考查语境中动词的辨析。为了省出钱来去帮助别人，孩子们纷纷宣布自己这周可以舍弃不用的东西。declare 公布，宣布；share 分享，分担；ignore 忽视，不理睬；expect 期待。由句意可知答案为A。‎ 答案　A ‎12.A.toys B.medicine C.food D.clothes 解析　考查语境中名词的辨析。联系上文“They got apples，a sandwich，and a bottle of juice.”一句可知，我们将这些食品递给这个人。故答案为C。‎ 答案　C ‎13.A.sleepy B.watery C.curious D.sharp ‎14.A.whoever B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever 解析　考查语境中代词的辨析。由句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句。从句谓语动词need之后缺少宾语，故可将D项排除。再结合句意“我告诉他可以用这张卡为家人购买生活必需品”可知答案非B莫属。‎ 答案　B ‎15.A.experience B.example C.message D.adventure 解析　考查语境中名词的辨析。由前文所述可知，这是一次非常棒的经历，给了孩子们莫大的鼓舞。experience经历；example例子；message口信；adventure冒险。显然答案为A。‎ 答案　A ‎16.A.rely on B.respect C.learn from D.help 解析　考查语境中短语动词的辨析。帮助别人，快乐自己。接连几天，孩子们都在寻找需要帮助的人。显然，D项意思与语境相吻合。‎ 答案　D ‎17.A.suddenly B.vividly C.differently D.perfectly ‎18.A.time B.power C.patience D.money 解析　考查语境中名词的辨析。见上一小题解析。‎ 答案　D ‎19.A.fear B.love C.need D.memory 解析　考查语境中名词的辨析。综合前文所叙述的经历可知，我和孩子们帮助了一位处于困境中的人。in need的意思是“患难；急需；处于困境中”。‎ 答案　C ‎20.A.strong B.sweet C.strange D.simple 解析　考查语境中形容词的辨析。纵观全文，作者与孩子们的这一善举让他们品尝到了帮助别人的甜蜜，正所谓“赠人玫瑰，手留余香”。故答案为B。‎ 答案　B ‎ (2015·北京)‎ A Welcome Gift Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them 1 side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud 2 filled the room and made them feel very happy.‎ The next morning, 3 ， their happiness disappeared.Someone had left a 4 under their door during the night. One of their neighbors had written to complain(抱怨) about the sound of the piano. Dario's mother asked the building superintendent(管理员) if he knew anything ‎ about it. But he said that they were all 5 people and he couldn't imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 6 and apologize for their playing.‎ ‎“Maybe we could go and 7 everyone in person，” his mother said.‎ ‎“What if we invited them to come here for a 8 instead？” Dario asked.‎ They both loved the 9 . Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts 10 their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers(彩带) and pretty lights.‎ Finally, the day of the party 11 . Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to 12 . One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, 13 Dario's mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.‎ ‎“I heard you playing the other night，”she said，“The sounds woke me out of bed.I 14 that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don't think I disliked the playing.”‎ Dario's mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. “I think maybe we 15 you an apology，” she said.“I didn't 16 how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.”‎ ‎“You play, you play！” Mrs. Gilbert said.“I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.” She pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such 17 music.”‎ ‎“These songs are beautiful music，” Dario's mother said.“We will be 18 to play them in the evening.”‎ ‎“And we won't play so loud or late！” Dario said.He was already looking forward to 19 the new music.More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mother's face. It gave him a feeling of 20 and made him feel that they were home at last.‎ ‎【语篇导读】　本文主要介绍了Dario和他的妈妈搬到新家很高兴，并在深夜弹钢琴来庆祝，结果却打扰了邻居，邻居留便条抱怨投诉，母子二人积极应对，决定举行派对来缓和邻里关系，并得到邻居的谅解。‎ ‎1.A.sat B.stood C.lay D.walked 解析　语境理解题。此处是指他们两人肩并肩地坐在钢琴旁，故选A。‎ 答案　A ‎2.A.voice B.ring C.music D.cry 解析　背景常识题。前一句提到弹奏爵士乐，故此处填music，选C。‎ 答案　C ‎3.A.therefore B.however C.otherwise D.instead 解析　逻辑推理题。句意：然而第二天早上他们的幸福消失了。therefore因此；however然而；otherwise否则；instead相反地。故选B。‎ 答案　B ‎4.A.note B.poster C.bill D.report 解析　背景常识题。句意：在那天夜里有人在他们的门下面留了一张便条。结合下文So I wrote a short note可知故选A。‎ 答案　A ‎5.A.proud B.rich C.lucky D.nice 解析　逻辑推理题。由“管理员想象不出他们中谁会做那件事”可知，管理员认为他们都是好人，故选D。‎ 答案　D ‎6.A.neighbors B.friends C.relatives D.audiences 解析　逻辑推理题。上文提到他们弹钢琴打扰他们的邻居，故此处指他们应当给他们的邻居写信来就此事道歉。故选A。neighbour邻居；relative亲戚；audience听众。‎ 答案　A ‎7.A.blame B.instruct C.question D.visit 解析　逻辑推理题。句意：或许我们可以亲自去拜访他们。blame责备；instruct指导；question质询；visit访问，拜访。故选D。‎ 答案　D ‎8.A.party B.concert C.show D.play 解析　语境理解题。句意：要是我们把他们请来举行派对怎么样？结合11小题前面party可知应选A。‎ 答案　A ‎9.A.experience B.idea C.performance D.action 解析　逻辑推理题。句意：他们都喜欢这个主意。experience经历；idea主意；performance演出；action行动。故选B。‎ 答案　B ‎10.A.to B.with C.for D.from 解析　动词搭配。prepare sth for sb 意为“为某人准备某物”，故选C。‎ 答案　C ‎11.A.continued B.arrived C.passed D.finished 解析　动词词义辨析。这里指的是“终于举办派对的日子到了”，故选B。‎ 答案　B ‎12.A.order B.sell C.share D.advertise 解析　考查逻辑推理题。这里指派对，所以“有些人带来甜点是用来分享”。故选C。‎ 答案　C ‎13.A.treated B.presented C.helped D.served ‎14.A.promised B.admitted C.agreed D.worried 解析　逻辑推理题。句意：我担心你们每天晚上都像这样弹奏，因此我写了一张便条。选D。‎ 答案　D ‎15.A.give B.send C.offer D.owe 解析　动词搭配。owe sb an apology 意为“应向某人道歉”。选D。‎ 答案　D ‎16.A.realize B.remember C.understand D.accept 解析　动词词义辨析。此处是指“我没有意识到当我们弹奏时天是多么晚了”，故选A。‎ 答案　A ‎17.A.sweet B.strange C.funny D.loud 解析　逻辑推理题。句意：这些歌曲不是那么吵的歌。选D。‎ 答案　D ‎18.A.brave B.sorry C.happy D.afraid 解析　形容词辨析。这里是指“我们很乐意在晚上弹奏这些歌曲”。选C。‎ 答案　C ‎19.A.changing B.practicing C.recording D.writing 解析　逻辑推理题。句意：他已经一直盼望着能练习新曲子。选B。‎ 答案　B ‎20.A.equality B.freedom C.warmth D.sympathy 解析　名词词义辨析。这里指“他妈妈的微笑给了他温暖的感觉”。equality平等；freedom自由；warmth温暖；sympathy同情。故选C。‎ 答案　C ‎(2015·福建)‎ One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault－finder.However, life can be 1 when you are not busy finding fault with it.‎ Several years ago I 2 a letter from seventeen－year－old Kerry, who described herself as a world－class fault－finder, almost always 3 by things.People were always doing things that annoyed her, and 4 was ever good enough.She was highly self－critical and also found fault with her friends.She became a really 5 person.‎ Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her 6 . Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash.What made it almost 7 to deal with was that the day before the 8 ， Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her 9 of boyfriends, the way she was living, the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to 10 . It wasn't until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became 11 her habit of finding fault.Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to 12 everything so harshly(刻薄).She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her 13 as well.‎ Perhaps most of us aren't as extreme at fault－finding, 14 when we're honest, we can be sharply 15 of the world.I'm not suggesting you 16 problems, or that you pretend things are 17 than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are— 18 most of the time, and especially when it's not a really big 19 .‎ Train yourself to “bite your tongue”， and with a little 20 ， you'll get really good at letting things go.And when you do, you'll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.‎ ‎【语篇导读】　世界上最容易做的事情之一就是成为一个挑剔的人，但是，如果能改变一下的话，生活也许会是另外一个样子。‎ ‎1.A.lonely B.great C.quiet D.uneasy 解析　考查形容词辨析。如果能不忙着找别人的毛病，生活会十分棒。‎ 答案　B ‎2.A.received B.answered C.expected D.rejected 解析　考查动词辨析。几年前，我收到了一封来自十七岁的Kerry的信。收到来信用receive, answer a letter回信；expect期待；预料；reject拒绝。‎ 答案　A ‎3.A.threatened B.interrupted C.bothered D.spoiled ‎4.A.anything B.everything C.something D.nothing 解析　考查代词。在Kerry看来，人们总是做一些让她烦恼的事情，什么事都不够好。只有nothing表示此处Kerry作为一个超级挑剔者的特点。‎ 答案　D ‎5.A.caring B.boring C.interesting D.surprising 解析　考查形容词辨析。Kerry不仅挑剔自己，也总是找别人的毛病，她真的变成了一个boring(令人厌烦的)人。‎ 答案　B ‎6.A.attitude B.plan C.measure D.explanation 解析　考查名词辨析。不幸的是，改变她的态度是以一场可怕的事故为代价的。measure丈量；衡量；explanation解释。‎ 答案　A ‎7.A.urgent B.unnecessary C.certain D.impossible 解析　考查形容词辨析。urgent紧急的；unnecessary不必要的；certain肯定的；impossible不可能的。‎ 答案　D ‎8.A.occasion B.event C.accident D.adventure 解析　考查名词辨析。根据上文可知，在这场事故之前，Kerry拜访了她的朋友。‎ 答案　C ‎9.A.memory B.notice C.evidence D.choice 解析　考查名词辨析。Kerry拜访了她的朋友，不停地批评她朋友选择男朋友(的问题)、她生活的方式问题、她和她父母相处的问题以及各种各样她觉得她需要表达的问题。‎ 答案　D ‎10.A.hear B.contribute C.express D.admit 解析　考查动词辨析，解析见上题。‎ 答案　C ‎11.A.aware of B.afraid of C.curious about D.confused about ‎12.A.discuss B.realize C.judge D.settle 解析　考查动词辨析。从那之后，很快地，她开始学着欣赏生活而不是刻薄地去评判任何事。judge判断，评判；discuss讨论；realize意识到；settle解决。‎ 答案　C ‎13.A.family B.life C.career D.education 解析　考查名词辨析。她能够把她的新的智慧也传递到她的生活中的其他部分。‎ 答案　B ‎14.A.so B.or C.but D.for 解析　考查连词。也许我们大部分人都不是很挑剔，但是诚实地说，我们可能会对这个世界十分的挑剔。此处表示转折关系。‎ 答案　C ‎15.A.proud B.sure C.hopeful D.critical 解析　考查形容词辨析。本文的主题词fault－finder对应critical。‎ 答案　D ‎16.A.face B.create C.solve D.ignore 解析　考查动词辨析。发现了问题，我不是建议你去忽略这些问题。或者假装这些事比他们事实上好。‎ 答案　D ‎17.A.rarer B.better C.stranger D.worse 解析　考查形容词辨析。解析见上题。‎ 答案　B ‎18.A.at least B.at last C.by far D.so far 解析　考查介词短语辨析。但是要至少大部分时间学会允许这些事情的存在。‎ 答案　A ‎19.A.task B.deal C.result D.duty 解析　考查名词辨析。特别是不是什么大事的时候。big deal大事。‎ 答案　B ‎20.A.practice B.speech C.rest D.pity