天津市南开中学2020届高三上学期第一次检测英语试题 29页

南开中学2020届高三年级第一次月检测 英语试题 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）、第Ⅱ卷（非选择题），共 150 分，考试用时 120 分钟。第Ⅰ卷 1 至 14 页，第Ⅱ卷 第 15 页至 16 页。考生务必将客观题答案涂写在答题卡上，将主观题答在答题纸上。在试卷上答题无效。‎ 第Ⅰ卷(共 115 分)‎ 第一部分：听力（20 分）‎ 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分）‎ 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有 10 秒钟 的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. What does the man think about the vacation?‎ A. It’ll be a long vacation. B. It’s only a dream. C. It’ll be great.‎ ‎2. What will the woman probably do on Saturday evening?‎ A. Go skating. B. Call her sister. C. Give a lecture.‎ ‎3. What does the man suggest to the woman?‎ A. Having a meeting. B. Calling on him. C. Buying a house.‎ ‎4. Where does the conversation most probably take place?‎ A. In an office. B. In a museum. C. In a clothing store.‎ ‎5. What did Alice ask the man to do?‎ A. Borrow some magazines for her.‎ B. Return some magazines to the library.‎ C. Give some magazines back to her.‎ 第二节 （共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15）‎ 听下面 3 段材料，每段材料后有几个小题。从题中所给的 ABC 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题 5 秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间，每段材料读两遍。‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第 6 至第 8 小题。‎ ‎6. Where does this conversation take place?‎ A. At a railway station. B. At a coach station. C. At an airport.‎ ‎7. How many suitcases does the woman have altogether?‎ A. Three. B. Two. C. One.‎ ‎8. What do we learn about the woman?‎ A. She has bought a return ticket.‎ B. She has taken this trip before.‎ C. She has lost one suitcase.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第 9 至第 11 小题。‎ ‎9. Which of the following is TRUE about the man?‎ A. He has lost interest in jazz.‎ B. He works in the Student Center.‎ C. He is a full-time student.‎ ‎10 Why did the man decide not to stay with the band?‎ A. He didn’t like the bandleader.‎ B. He was too busy to make it.‎ C. He wanted to join a better band.‎ ‎11. What suggestion does the woman give to the man?‎ A. Organizing a new band. B. Joining a new band. C. Giving up performing.‎ 听下面一段独白，回答第 12 题至 15 小题。‎ ‎12. How many points does a misspelled word cost?‎ A. 2 points. B. 3 points. C. 5 points.‎ ‎13. What are the students going to do on Friday?‎ A. Read a short story. B. Take a major test. C. Write an essay.‎ ‎14. When was this lecture given?‎ A. On Monday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Friday.‎ ‎15. What is the talk about?‎ A. The rules of the writing competition.‎ B. The rules of the composition course.‎ C. The appointments with the speaker.‎ 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）‎ 第一节、单项填空（共 15 小题，每小题 1 分）‎ 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出适合空白处的最佳选项。‎ ‎1.—Guess what? I have won the first prize in the school English competition!‎ ‎— ______. I know you were not good at English. You must have made great efforts!‎ A. You don’t say B. I’m with you on that C. Wish you good luck D. You got it ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——猜怎么着？我在学校英语竞赛中得了第一名！——真想不到。我知道你不擅长英语。你一定很努力了！A. You don’t say真想不到；B. I’m with you on that我同意你的看法；C. Wish you good luck祝你好运；D. You got it给你啦，你知道该怎么做的。根据I know you were not good at English.可知此处表示说话者对前一个说话者说的内容感到惊讶。故选A项。‎ ‎2.The animation film, Ne Zha, has been welcomed by Chinese audience, because it has ______ a range of elements, from Peking Opera and Lunar New Year paintings to Chinese animation techniques.‎ A. imagined B. invented C. applied D. abandoned ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：动画哪吒深受中国观众喜爱，因为它应用了大量中国元素：从京剧、年画到中国动画技术。A. imagined想象；B. invented创造；C. applied应用，实施；D. abandoned抛弃，离弃。根据a range of elements可知此处表示应用，故选C项。‎ ‎3.—Could you tell me the ______ of making such tasty cakes?‎ ‎—Well, I just follow the directions in the cookbook.‎ A. trick B. feature C. technology D. fashion ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——你能告诉我做出这么好吃蛋糕的窍门吗？——我就是按烹饪手册上的方法做的。A. trick窍门，花招，欺诈；B. feature特征，容貌；C. technology 工艺，技术；D. fashion时尚。根据making such tasty cakes可知此处表示做蛋糕的窍门。故选A项。‎ ‎4.Most people quit ________ any results appear; they give up too soon and a quitter never wins.‎ A. while B. until C. since D. before ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：大多数人在任何结果出现之前就放弃了;他们放弃得太早，放弃的人永远不会成功。A. while当……时候；B. until直到……C. since自从……以来；D. before 在……之前。由下文的they give up too soon太 快 放 弃可知，大多数人是在结果出现之前就放弃了。故选D。‎ ‎5.The newly built cafe, ________ walls are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.‎ A. that B. its C. whose D. which ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ 考查定语从句关系词。句意：刚建成的咖啡馆，他的墙面是淡绿色的。这个咖啡馆对于我们来说尤其是上班累了一天我们来说，真是一个平静的场所。先行词是名词café，在定语从句中作定语，表示咖啡馆的墙，用关系代词whose。故选C。‎ ‎6.As is estimated, more than 20 million shared bikes ______ into operation nationwide by 2025.‎ A. will have been put B. will have put C. have been put D. will be putting ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：据估计，到2025年为止，全国将有2000多万辆共享单车投入运营。根据by 2025可知应用将来完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应为将来完成时的被动语态。故选A。‎ ‎7.—Excuse me, but why am I not allowed to use the gym?‎ ‎—______, but your room price doesn't cover it.‎ A. Never do it again B. It’s hard to say C. No offence D. Forget it ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——对不起，为什么不让我用健身室？——我无意冒犯您，但您的房价里不含健身室使用费。A. Never do it again再来一遍，再来一次；B. It’s hard to say很难说；C. No offence无意冒犯；D. Forget it不必在意，休想。根据but your room price doesn't cover it可知此处表示委婉语气回复问话人。故选C项。‎ ‎8.Traveling by subway ______ sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour.‎ A. must B. can C. shall D. should ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：乘地铁旅行有时可能相当冒险，尤其是在交通高峰期。A. must必须；一定；B. can能够；可能；C. shall将会；D. should应该；应当。本句中can表示客观可能性（客观原因形成能力），故选B。‎ ‎9.Over the past 10 years, Huawei has invested a total of 4 billion U.S. dollars in ‎5G, ______ it a leader in ‎5G chips, products and networks.‎ A. making B. to make C. make D. made ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去十年里，华为投资四十亿美元开放 ‎5G，成为了 ‎5G 芯片、产品和网络的领导者。根据it a leader…可知此处要用现在分词作结果状语，making现在分词表示主动动作，在此是作结果状语。故选A项。‎ ‎【点睛】本题考查了现在分词作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语，结果状语的位置通常只能在句未，表示谓语动作所产生的结果。如：‎ A terrible earthquake happened in China in 2008, causing thousands of deaths.‎ ‎2008年中国发生了一场大地震，造成了上万人死亡。‎ The teacher passed away making all the students very sad.‎ 老师去世了，这使得所有学生非常难过。‎ ‎10.He liked the lovely dog so much that he ______ the book he was reading and played with it immediately.‎ A. made out B. took back C. turned down D. set aside ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他非常喜欢这只可爱的狗，所以他把正在读的书放在一边，马上和它玩。A. made out理解，辨认出；B. took back拿回，撤消；C. turned down减小，关小，调低；D. set aside放置一旁，搁置，留出。根据…and played with it immediately可知此处表示把书放一边。故选D项。‎ ‎11.Usually there might be a lot of accidents in the heavy fog. I happened to witness _______ this morning.‎ A. it B. those C. one D. that ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查替代。句意：通常在大雾天会有很多事故。今天早上我碰巧目击了一起事故。根据语境可知，此处指上句提到的＂一起交通事故＂，故用one代替。即C项正确。‎ ‎12.We should improve our ability to engage in international communication so as to tell China’s story well and make the voice of China ______.‎ A. hearing B. heard C. having heard D. to hear ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们应该提高参与国际交流的能力，把中国的故事讲好，让中国的声音被听到。短语make sth. done使某事被….，the voice of China与hear之间是被动关系，此处要用过去分词作宾补。故选B项。‎ ‎13.Despite the obvious privacy concerns, the use of facial-recognition technology is ________ at some public places.‎ A. out of danger B. on the run C. out of sight D. on the rise ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管存在明显的隐私问题，但面部识别技术的使用在一些公共场所正在兴起。A. out of danger脱离危险；B. on the run在逃；奔波；C. out of sight看不见；D. on the rise 增长。根据连词despite ‎“尽管；虽然”可知下文的内容与上文形成对比。再根据句意，故选D。‎ ‎14.The only problem was ______ we kept getting lost! But people in Tianjin were very friendly and helpful.‎ A. that B. why C. whether D. what ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查连接接词辨析。句意：唯一的问题是我们总是迷路！但是天津人非常友好，乐于助人。A. that名词性从句连接词；B. why为什么；C. whether是否；D. what什么。根据系动词was可知此处是that引导的表语从句，表语从句中that 只起连接作用，没有含义。故选A项。‎ ‎15.I regret not having taken your advice. Otherwise I ________ this mistake at the moment.‎ A. didn’t make B. wouldn’t make C. hadn’t make D. wouldn’t have made ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我后悔没有采纳你的意见。否则，我不会现在犯这么多错误。Otherwise表示“否则”，隐含一种条件在里面，现在这“条件”是不真实的，用虚拟语气；主句中at the moment表示现在，对现在的虚拟用would+动词原形，故选B。‎ 第二节、完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中，先出最佳选项。‎ Some teachers seem to be bad teachers, but they are not. Take my football coach for example. One day, we were doing some ___16___ practicing catching the football. He threw me a pass and I dropped it. He started ___17___ me. I went back in line, ___18___. My friend was up next. He dropped it, too. But the coach said nothing. Annoyed, I whispered, “Why ___19___ against me?”‎ After practice he came ___20___ to me and told me the reason he shouted at me ___21___ the other guy was that he expected more out of me. If he ___22___ my mistakes, it meant he had quit on me.‎ Another teacher ___23___ my memory was my PhD supervisor, Ken Crowe. He had a(n) ___24___ for making grown men cry when they disappointed him, but I was ___25___ by the topic he ‎ was working on.‎ He gave me a(n) ___26___: to figure out what caused muons (介子) to get depolarized (去极 化 ) in liquids. After a week I came to Ken’s office to tell him about it. He listened for a few minutes and then ___27___ “You have no idea what you’re talking about! Get out and don’t come back until you do!” Now I was starting to get ___28___, complaining about him as cold- hearted.‎ Determined to change his attitude and ___29___ more relevant knowledge, I really got into it. ___30___, I understood it so well that to this day it is my most proud ___31___. Then I went back to tell Ken what I had figured out. Again he interrupted me a few minutes into my ___32___, but I carried on. When I finished, he praised me for doing some very original research. From that day forward, he supported and promoted me ___33___ we became great friends and respected colleagues.‎ So don’t ever complain about your “___34___” teachers. They may ___35___ you to make greater achievement you will be proud of decades later.‎ ‎16. A. running B. drills C. operations D. actions ‎17. A. yelling at B. sending for C. getting rid of D. joking with ‎18. A. amazed B. encouraged C. frightened D. embarrassed ‎19. A. debate B. discriminate C. decide D. defend ‎20. A. in B. across C. over D. away ‎21. A. other than B. more than C. less than D. rather than ‎22. A. overlooked B. blamed C. resisted D. exposed ‎23. A. erasing B. strengthening C. jogging D. changing ‎24. A. reputation B. reference C. concern D. preference ‎25. A. astonished B. puzzled C. disturbed D. fascinated ‎26. A. principle B. assignment C. reward D. award ‎27. A. set out B. settle down C. cut in D. carried on ‎28. A. relaxed B. content C. comfortable D. mad ‎29. A. acquire B. acknowledge C. spread D. address ‎30. A. Suddenly B. Eventually C. Gradually D. Purposefully ‎31. A. accomplishment B. establishment C. development D. commitment ‎32. A. enquiry B. presentation C. schedule D. conference ‎33. A. although B. as C. before D. until ‎34. A. tolerant B. considerate C. mean D. kind ‎35. A. permit B. bother C. inspire D. discourage ‎【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. C 21. D 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。有些老师表面上似乎是坏老师，但其实不是。作者在文章中介绍了曾经对自己看似刻薄其实是很认真负责的两位老师说明了永远不要抱怨你的“刻薄”老师。他们可能会激励你取得更大的成就，几十年后你会感到自豪。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我们正在做一些操练练习接住足球。A. running跑步；B. drills操练；C. operations运营，运作；D. actions行动，动作。根据practicing catching the football可知此处表示操练之意。故选B。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他开始对我大声喊叫。A. yelling at叫喊；B. sending for派送给…；C. getting rid of除去，摆脱；D. joking with和…开玩笑。根据下文中he shouted at me可知此处表示教练对我大声喊叫。故选A。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我尴尬地回到队伍里。A. amazed吃惊的，惊讶的；B. encouraged受到鼓舞的；C. frightened害怕的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文He threw me a pass and I dropped it.可知此处表示我是尴尬的。故选D。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很生气，低声说：“为什么要歧视我？”A. debate辩论；B. discriminate歧视，区别；C. decide决定；D. defend保卫，辩护。根据Annoyed可知我对教练的行为不满，因此觉得他歧视我。故选B。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：训练结束后，他走到我身边，告诉我他之所以对我而不是对别人大喊大叫，是因为他对我期望更高。A. in在…里面；B. across穿过，在…对面，遍及；C. over在......上面，穿越；D. away离去，离开。根据told me the reason he shouted at me 　　　6　　　 the other guy was that he expected more out of me可知，短语come over“走过来。”符合句意。故选C。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查连词短语词义辨析。句意：训练结束后，他走到我身边，告诉我他之所以对我而不是对别人大声喊叫，是因为他对我期望更高。A. other than除了，不同于；B. more than多于，超过；C. less than少于；D. rather than而不是。根据he shouted at me 和the other guy是转折对比关系。故选D。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他忽略了我的错误，那就意味着他放弃了我。A. overlooked忽略，不理会；B. blamed责备；C. resisted反抗；D. exposed暴露。根据it meant he had quit on me可知此处表示忽略之意。故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一位唤醒我记忆的老师是我的博士导师肯·克罗。A. erasing取消，清除；B. strengthening增强；C. jogging唤起，慢跑；D. changing改变。根据my memory可知此处表示唤起了我对他的记忆。故选C。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他有个差的名声，因为当学生让他失望时他会让他们哭，但我对他正在研究的课题很感兴趣。A. reputation名声；B. reference参考，参照；C. concern担心，忧虑；D. preference偏爱，偏好。根据for making grown men cry when they disappointed him可知此处表示他因为这样所以名声差。故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他有个差的名声，因为当学生让他失望时他会让他们哭，但我对他正在研究的课题很感兴趣。A. astonished吃惊；B. puzzled使困惑；C. disturbed干扰；D. fascinated吸引。根据下文After a week I came to Ken’s office to tell him about it，可知此处表示我对他研究的课题感兴趣。故选D。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给了我一个任务：找出是什么导致了介子在液体中去极化。A. principle原则，原理；B. assignment任务；C. reward奖赏，报酬；D. award奖，增加。根据下文中to figure out可知此处表示他给我的任务。故选B。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他听了几分钟，然后插嘴说：“你根本不知道你在说什么！滚出去，做不到你就别回来！”A. set out出发，开始；B. settle down定居，安定下来，专心于；C. cut in插嘴，超车；D. carried on参与，继续。根据下文中Again he interrupted me a few minutes…可知此处表示他插嘴打断了我的话。故选C。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我开始发疯了，抱怨他冷酷无情。A. relaxed轻松的；B. content满意的；C. comfortable舒服的；D. mad疯狂的。根据complaining about him as cold- hearted可知此处表示我要气疯了。故选D。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我下定决心要改变他的态度，学习更多相关的知识，并且我真的投入进去了。A. acquire获得；B. acknowledge知识；C. spread传播，散布，展开；D. address写地址。根据more relevant knowledge可知此处表示获得更多相关的知识。故选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，我对它理解得如此透彻，以至于直到今天，这仍然是我最自豪的成就。A. Suddenly突然地；B. Eventually最终，最后；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Purposefully有目的地。根据I understood it so well that to this day…可知这是最终的结果。故选B。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，我对它理解得如此透彻，以至于直到今天，这仍然是我最自豪的成就。A. accomplishment完成，成就；B. establishment确立，制定；C. development发展；D. commitment承诺，保证。根据I understood it so well that to this day 可知此处表示我理解它透彻是我最自豪的成就。故选A。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的介绍刚开始几分钟，他又一次打断了我，但我继续讲下去。A. enquiry询问；B. presentation介绍，展示，描述；C. schedule时间表；D. conference会议。根据下文When I finished, he praised me for doing some very original research.可知此处表示我在介绍。故选B。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，他一直支持我，提拔我，直到我们成为了好朋友，成为了受人尊敬的同事。A. although尽管；B. as像，如同；C. before在之前；D. until直到.......才......。根据From that day forward可知，此处表示他一直支持我，提拔我，直到我们成为了好朋友，成为了受人尊敬的同事。故选D。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以永远不要抱怨你的“刻薄”老师。A. tolerant宽容的，容忍的；B. considerate体贴的；C. mean吝啬的，卑鄙的；D. kind和蔼的。根据上文中complaining about him as cold- hearted可知我曾经认为他是冷酷无情，刻薄的老师。故选C。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们可能会激励你取得更大的成就，几十年后你会感到自豪。A. permit允许；B. bother干扰；C. inspire激励，鼓舞；D. discourage阻止，使泄气，使气馁。根据to make greater achievement可知此处表示他们会激励你取得更大的成就。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第2小题要求判断教练当时的行为，根据下文中he shouted at me可知此处表示教练对我大喊大叫。故选A项。第12小题要求判断老师当时做了什么，根据下文中Again he interrupted me a few minutes…可知此处表示他插嘴打断了我的话。故选C项。‎ 第三部分：阅读理解（共 20 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 50 分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。‎ A Choosing a major, which is the specialized area of your college study, can be overwhelming. But have no fear! Your choice of major will not lock you into a specific career for the rest of your life. And the major you choose will neither predict nor guarantee your future. Consider these factors when picking your major.‎ Career Prep Choose a major because it will prepare you for a specific career path or advanced study. Maybe you already know that you want to be a nurse, a day trader, or a web developer. Before you declare, take a class or two in the relevant discipline, check out the syllabus for an advanced seminar, and talk to students in the department of your choice. Make sure you’re ready for the coursework required for ‎ the career of your dreams.‎ Earning Potential Future earning potential is worth considering—college is a big investment, and while college can pay you back in many ways beyond salary, this can be a major factor for students who are paying their own way or taking out loans. According to PayScale.com, the majors that lead to the highest salaries include just about any type of engineering, actuarial mathematics, computer science, physics, government, and economics. Keep your quality of life in mind, too—that six figure salary may not be worth it if you're not happy at the office.‎ Subjects You Love Some students choose a major simply because they love the subject matter. If you love what you're studying, you're more likely to fully engage with your classes and college experience, and that can mean better grades and great relationships with others in your field. If your calling is philosophy, don't write it off just because you're not sure about graduate school, or what the job market holds for philosophers. Many liberal arts majors provide students with critical thinking skills and writing abilities that are highly valued by employers.‎ Undecided? Explore your interests.‎ If you truly have no idea what you want to study, that's okay—many schools don't require students to declare a major until you are a second-year student. That gives you four semesters to play the field. Exploring your interests will help you find your best fit major—and maybe even your ideal career.‎ ‎36. You don’t need to feel fearful when choosing your major because ______.‎ A. your major has completely nothing to do with your future B. you are not limited to only one particular career for your whole life C. changing career fields are unavoidable in your life D. you only spend a little time on whatever subject you choose ‎37. The underlined word discipline is closest in meaning to ______.‎ A. field B. rule C. theory D. knowledge ‎38. What do we learn about from Para. 3?‎ A. Your college investment will be all given back to you in the form of high salary.‎ B. Future career earning is viewed as the top concern for most college students.‎ C. High salary will not be worthwhile at the cost of your unhappy office work.‎ D. If you choose engineering-related majors, you are sure to earn high salary.‎ ‎39. What can we infer from the passage?‎ A. You are advised to choose liberal arts majors for what are provided.‎ B. Worse grades result from poor relationships with others in college.‎ C. Employers like liberal arts majors more than science majors in job market.‎ D. Some students don’t necessarily need to decide their choices of majors upon entering college.‎ ‎40. What is the passage mainly about?‎ A. Why is it difficult to choose a major. B. What influences your choice of a major.‎ C. How can a major affect your career. D. When should you decide your major.‎ ‎【答案】36. B 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在选择专业时考虑的一些因素：职业准备、收入潜力、你爱的科目、探索你的兴趣。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中But have no fear! Your choice of major will not lock you into a specific career for the rest of your life. 但是不要害怕！你所选择的专业不会把你的余生困在一个特定的职业中。可知，当你选择专业的时候，你不需要感到害怕，因为你的一生不局限于一个特定的职业。故选B项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第二段中划线词所在句Before you declare, take a class or two in the relevant discipline, check out the syllabus for an advanced seminar, and talk to students in the department of your choice. 在你宣布之前，选修一到两门相关_______的课程，查看高级研讨班的教学大纲，并与你所选系的学生交谈。由选修相关的课程，可以猜测discipline意为“领域，学科”。故选A项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句 Keep your quality of life in mind, too—that six figure salary may not be worth it if you're not happy at the office. ‎ 还要记住你的生活质量——如果你在工作中不开心，即使六位数的薪水也不值得。可知，以你不愉快的办公室工作为代价，高薪是不值得的。故选 C项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中If you truly have no idea what you want to study, that's okay—many schools don't require students to declare a major until you are a second-year student. 如果你真的不知道自己想学什么，没关系——很多学校不要求学生在二年级之前申报专业。由此判断出，一些学生在进入大学时不一定要决定他们的专业选择。故选 D项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是根据第一段最后一句Consider these factors when picking your major.考虑这些影响你选择专业的因素。可知，本文主要介绍了影响你选择专业的因素，也就是什么影响了你对专业的选择。故选 B项。‎ B Every year migratory（迁徙的） bats travel from Mexico to Bracken Cave, where they spend the summer consuming insects that would otherwise hungrily eat common food crops. But the bats have been showing up far earlier than they did two decades ago.‎ In a study, scientists at Rothamsted Research, used radar data from 160 U.S. weather stations to analyze activity in the Texas bat colony from 1995 through 2017. They discovered the creatures were leaving their winter quarters in Mexico earlier and reproducing sooner. They were also astonished to find increasing numbers of bats overwintering（过冬）at Bracken Cave instead of heading back to their cold weather quarters in Mexico. Overwintering is a sign that warmer temperatures change the bats' annual rhythms, Rothamsted biologist Phillip Stepanian says.‎ A separate study of migratory bats in Indiana, published last year, found that temperature variations affected arrival and departure times-likewise hinting at the potential influence of climate change. Joy O'Keefe, a biology professor and co-author of that study, says early arrival at their summer habitats could expose these bats to cold snaps（寒流）, and they could freeze to death.‎ Joy O’Keefe and her colleagues also found that changing bat migration times can also clash with rainfall patterns. Many insects that bats eat breed in seasonal lakes and puddles. If the bats arrive too early to benefit from summer rainfall and the resulting abundance of insects, they may struggle to feed their pups（幼崽） or skip reproduction altogether, O’Keefe says. She fears this shift could cause Midwestern bats to decrease toward extinction, which would be bad news for humans. “Declines in bat populations could have severe effects for crop success,” she says, adding that bats also “control ‎ significant disease vectors, such as mosquitoes.”‎ However, scientists are not certain that climate change alone is causing the Bracken Cave bat colony to migrate earlier. They have found a direct link between seasonal temperatures and bird migration, but bats are also influenced by factors such as changes in wind speed and direction. And there are other complications. “Bats are mysterious little animals that move mostly at night and are difficult to observe and track ,” Stepanian says. “We have this conceptual picture of what might be happening, but really tying it to the cause is the next step.”‎ ‎41. What is the best title for the passage?‎ A. Bats’ habitants B. Endangered bats C. Bats’ migration D. Bats, our good friends ‎42. Scientists at Rothamsted Research found that ______.‎ A. bats prefer heading back to Mexico B. bats delay their reproduction C. warming affects bat migration D. radar can be used to observe bats ‎43. Joy O’Keefe discovered that ______.‎ A. bats are used to living in rainfall seasons B. bats’ earlier migration might harm farming C. insects' reproduction helps to spread disease D. insects shortage makes bats reproduce earlier ‎44. What does the underlined word they refer to?‎ A. Insects. B. migration times.‎ C. Bats. D. lakes and puddles.‎ ‎45. What does the last paragraph want to tell us?‎ A. Wind speed and direction affect bats.‎ B. It is difficult to observe and track bats.‎ C. Climate change makes bats migrate earlier.‎ D. Further research on the cause is necessary.‎ ‎【答案】41. C 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了蝙蝠迁徙提前的这种现象，然后分析了这种现象可能导致的后果，最后分析了可能导致蝙蝠迁徙提前的原因。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中Every year migratory bats travel from Mexico to Bracken Cave, where they spend the summer consuming insects that would otherwise hungrily eat common food crops. 每年，迁徙的蝙蝠都会从墨西哥迁徙到布兰肯洞穴，在那里度过一个夏天，捕食昆虫，否则这些昆虫就会贪婪地吃掉常见的粮食作物。可知，文章先提出蝙蝠迁徙提前的这种现象，再通读全文，然后分析了这种现象可能导致的后果，最后分析了可能导致蝙蝠迁徙提前的原因。所以短文的最佳标题是“蝙蝠的迁徙”。故选C项。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中最后一句话Overwintering is a sign that warmer temperatures change the bats' annual rhythms, Rothamsted biologist Phillip Stepanian says.罗斯泰德的生物学家菲利普·斯捷潘尼安说，越冬是气温升高改变蝙蝠年度节律的一个标志。可知，洛桑研究中心的科学家发现，气候变暖影响蝙蝠迁徙。故选C项。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中If the bats arrive too early to benefit from summer rainfall and the resulting abundance of insects, they may struggle to feed their pups（幼崽） or skip reproduction altogether,… “Declines in bat populations could have severe effects for crop success,” she says, …奥基夫说，如果蝙蝠来得太早，无法从夏季的降雨和由此产生的大量昆虫中受益，它们可能难以喂养幼仔，或者干脆不进行繁殖。……她说：“蝙蝠数量的减少可能会对作物的收成产生严重影响。”……可知，蝙蝠迁徒时间的改变也会与降雨模式发生冲突，蝙蝠以季节性繁殖的昆虫为食，而他们过早地迁徙会导致喂养幼仔的困难，或者跳过繁殖期，这将导致蝙蝠数量减少，害虫增加，从而对农作物产生影响。故选B项。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第三段中划线词所在句Joy O'Keefe, a biology professor and co-author of that study, says early arrival at their summer habitats could expose these bats to cold snaps（寒流）, and they could freeze to death. 生物学教授、该研究的合著者乔伊·奥基夫(Joy O’keefe)说，提早到达它们的夏季栖息地可能会让这些蝙蝠遭遇寒潮，它们可能会冻死。由could expose these bats to cold snaps可以猜测代词they指代的是bats（蝙蝠）。故选C项。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中可知，科学家们不确定仅仅是气候变化导致蝙蝠迁徙提前， ‎ 蝙蝠还受到风速和风向等因素的影响。根据最后一句话“Bats are mysterious little animals that move mostly at night and are difficult to observe and track ,” Stepanian says. “We have this conceptual picture of what might be happening, but really tying it to the cause is the next step.”可知， 蝙蝠是一种神秘的小动物，它们大多在夜间活动，很难被观察和追踪。“我们对可能发生的事情有一个概念性的认识，但真正将其与原因联系起来是下一步的事。由此判断出对蝙蝠迁徙提前的原因还需要进一步的研究。故选D项。‎ ‎【点睛】代词指代题要求同学们根据语境的逻辑关系、判断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象，包括考查it（指动物，无生命的事物、特定的事件或人），they/them(指代人、物、事件的复数名词)，he/she等人称代词的指代意义，以及指示代词this，that，these，those等在文章中的指代意义，考查同学们对文章中叙述特定的人，物，事件的认知能力。解答这类题时，同学们要认真阅读画线词所在句和前后临近句的内容，分析人称转换和动作变换的详细过程，理清来龙去脉和前后的因果关系，从而准确推断其指代的对象。例如，在第4小题中，they指代什么，要根据第三段中划线词所在句Joy O'Keefe, a biology professor and co-author of that study, says early arrival at their summer habitats could expose these bats to cold snaps（寒流）, and they could freeze to death. 生物学教授、该研究的合著者乔伊·奥基夫(Joy O’keefe)说，提早到达它们的夏季栖息地可能会让这些蝙蝠遭遇寒潮，它们可能会冻死。由could expose these bats to cold snaps可以猜测代词they指代的是bats（蝙蝠）。故选C项。‎ C Sometimes just when we need the power of miracles, they arise in the places we would least expect.‎ On a cold January afternoon in 1989, I was climbing Egypt’s Mt. Horeb, hoping to get to the peak by sunset to see the valley below. As I was winding up the narrow path, I’d sometimes see other hikers who were coming down. While they would generally pass with simply a nod or a greeting in another language, there was one man who did neither.‎ I saw him coming and as he got closer, I could see that, unlike other hikers, he was wearing traditional Egyptian galabia( 长 袍 ). What made his appearance so strange was that the man didn’t even appear to be Egyptian, but was a small-framed Asian man with little hair and round glasses.‎ As we neared one another, I said Hello, but not a sound came from him. I thought maybe he hadn’t heard me. Suddenly he stopped directly in front of me, looked up from the ground, and spoke a single sentence to me in English, “Sometimes you don’t know what you have lost until you’ve lost it.”‎ ‎ As I took in what I had just heard, he simply stepped around me and continued his going down.‎ That moment in my life was a small miracle. The reason is less about what the man said but more about the timing and the context. The year was 1989, and it was during my Egyptian pilgrimage (朝圣), and specifically during my hike to Mt. Horeb, that I’d set the time aside to make decisions that would affect my career, my friends, my family, and ultimately, my life.‎ I had to ask myself what the chances were of an Asian man dressed in an Egyptian galabia coming down from the top of this historic mountain just when I was walking up, stopping before me, and offering his wisdom, seemingly from out of nowhere. My answer to my own question was easy: nearly no chance! In a meet that lasted less than two minutes, a total stranger had brought something clear and something of a warning, regarding the huge changes that I would make within a matter of days. In my way of thinking, that’s a miracle.‎ Miracles are everywhere and occur every day for different reasons, in response to the different needs that we may have in the moment. Our job may be less about questioning the extraordinary things that happen in our daily lives and more about accepting the gifts they bring.‎ ‎46. Before the Asian man spoke, how did the author think about him?‎ A. He was very rude and strange.‎ B. He was different from others.‎ C. He was shy and nod to strangers.‎ D. He looked ordinary and was talkative.‎ ‎47. Why did the author make a pilgrimage to Mt Horeb in Egypt ?‎ A. He was in search of a miracle in his life.‎ B. It was a place for a religious person to head for.‎ C. He intended to make arrangements for his future life.‎ D. He waited patiently in expectation of meeting a wise person.‎ ‎48. What does the underlined part “my own question” refer to in paragraph 6 ?‎ A. For what reason did the man stop before me ?‎ B. Why did the Asian man go to the mountain ?‎ C. What change would I make within a matter of days ?‎ D. What was the probability that others told us the right words ?‎ ‎49. Why did the author view the meet with the Asian man as a miracle in his life?‎ A. Because the Asian man’s appearance had a deciding effect on his future life.‎ B. Because his words were in perfect response to the need he had at that moment.‎ C. Because what the Asian man said was meaningful in the philosophy of life.‎ D. Because the Asian man impressed on him the worth of what he had possessed.‎ ‎50. What might be the best title for the passage ?‎ A. Can you recognize a miracle? B. Is a miracle significant to us?‎ C. When might a miracle occur? D. Why do we need a miracle?‎ ‎【答案】46. B 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以自己亲身经历论述了“正当我们需要奇迹的力量时，奇迹却出现在我们最意想不到的地方”的故事。这个故事告诉我们奇迹无处不在，每天都在发生，因为不同的原因，为了回应我们此刻不同的需求。我们的工作可能不是质疑日常生活中发生的不寻常的事情，而是接受它们带来的礼物。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中I saw him coming and as he got closer, I could see that, unlike other hikers, he was wearing traditional Egyptian galabia(长袍). 我看到他走过来，当他走近时，我可以看到，和其他徒步旅行者不同，他穿着传统的埃及长袍。可知，在那个亚洲人说话之前，作者认为他和其他人不一样。故选B项。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句中…that I’d set the time aside to make decisions that would affect my career, my friends, my family, and ultimately, my life. ……我抽出时间来做一些决定，这些决定将影响我的职业生涯、我的朋友、我的家人，最终，还有我的生活。可知，作者朝圣的目的是为他未来的生活做安排。故选C 项。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据划线词组上一句中的I had to ask myself what the chances were of an Asian man dressed... and offering his wisdom, seemingly from out of nowhere. 我不得不问自己，一个穿着埃及加拉比亚长袍的亚洲人从这座历史名山的山顶下来的几率有多大，就在我走上去的时候，他停在了我面前，似乎不知从什么地方冒出来，给了我智慧。及划线词组所在句中nearly no chance! 几乎没有机会！可知，“我的问题”是指他人告诉我们真理的可能性是多少。故选D 项。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第五段中That moment in my life was a small miracle. The reason is less about what the man said but more about the timing and the context. …那一刻在我的生命中是一个小小的奇迹。原因不在于他说了什么，而在于时间和背景……可知，原因并非他说了什么， 而是他说这话的时机以及当时我所处的背景。由此判断出为什么作者认为与亚洲人的相遇是他生命中的奇迹是因为他的话完全符合他当时的需要。故选 B项。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者以自己的亲身经历论述了“正当我们需要奇迹的力量时，奇迹却出现在我们最意想不到的地方”的故事。这个故事告诉我们奇迹无处不在，每天都在发生，因为不同的原因，为了回应我们此刻不同的需求。我们的工作可能不是质疑日常生活中发生的不寻常的事情，而是接受它们带来的礼物。所以短文的最佳标题为“你能认出奇迹吗?”。故选A 项。‎ D Prosocial behaviors are those intended to help other people. Behaviors that can be described as prosocial include feeling empathy(同感) and concern for others and behaving in ways to help or benefit other people.‎ Prosocial behavior has long posed a challenge to social scientists seeking to understand why people engage in helping behaviors that are beneficial to others, but costly to the individual performing the action. Why would people do something that benefits someone else but offers no immediate benefit to the doer?‎ Psychologists suggest that there are a number of reasons why people engage in prosocial behavior. In many cases, such behaviors are fostered during childhood and adolescence as adults encourage children to share, act kindly, and help others. Prosocial behaviors are often seen as being compelled by a number of factors including egoistic reasons (doing things to improve one's self-image), reciprocal benefits (doing something nice for someone so that they may one day return the favor), and more altruistic reasons (performing actions purely out of empathy for another individual).‎ Characteristics of the situation can also have a powerful impact on whether or not people engage in prosocial actions. For example, if you drop your purse and several items fall out on the ground, the likelihood that someone will stop and help you decreases if there are many other people present. This same sort of thing can happen in cases where someone is in serious danger, such as when someone is ‎ involved in a car accident. In some cases, witnesses might assume that since there are so many other present, someone else will have surely already called for help. All the examples are what we call the bystander effect, the tendency for people to become less likely to assist a person in distress when there are a number of other people also present.‎ Why do people help in some situations but not in others? Experts have discovered a number of different situational variables that contribute to (and sometimes interfere with) prosocial behaviors. First, the more people that are present decreases the amount of personal responsibility people feel in a situation. People also tend to look to others for how to respond in such situations, particularly if the event contains some level of ambiguity. Fear of being judged by other members of the group also plays a role. People sometimes fear leaping to assistance, only to discover that their help was unwanted or unwarranted. In order to avoid being judged by other bystanders, people simply take no action.‎ Experts have suggested that some key things must happen in order for a person to take action.‎ ‎51. What can we learn from paragraph 2?‎ A. Social scientists feel it hard to understand why helping behaviors exist.‎ B. Helping behaviors are costly to people who receive the action.‎ C. Social scientists have been researching on prosocial behavior for quite long.‎ D. It is quite challenging for people to perform helping behaviors.‎ ‎52. Prosocial behaviors are motivated for all the following reasons EXCEPT ______.‎ A. empathy for another individual B. instant benefits of helping others C. parental influences in the early life D. the desire to better one's self-image ‎53. Why does the author use the examples in paragraph 4?‎ A. To show that some people are in need of immediate help.‎ B. To indicate that some people think their help is not needed.‎ C. To suggest that some people perform helping behaviors quickly.‎ D. To demonstrate how the situation can impact helping behaviors.‎ ‎54. Which situation can be described as the bystander effect?‎ A. When hearing an injured lady crying for help, the neighbors didn't take action.‎ B. Seeing an old man slipping on the icy road, many people volunteered to help.‎ C. A woman had a heart attack on the train and you were the only doctor there.‎ D. On the scene of your colleague's traffic accident, you called the police for help.‎ ‎55. After the last paragraph, the most possible topic could be ______.‎ A. possible benefits of prosocial behavior B. various reasons for prosocial behavior C. situational influences on prosocial behavior D. skills and knowledge to provide assistance ‎【答案】51. C 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。作者在文章中介绍了Prosocial behaviors产生的原因以及旁观者效应，并建议我们当别人有困难要及时帮助。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Prosocial behavior has long posed a challenge to social scientists seeking to understand why people engage in helping behaviors that are beneficial to others, but costly to the individual performing the action. 长期以来，亲社会行为一直是社会科学家面临的一个挑战，他们试图理解为什么人们会做出对他人有益、但对个体代价高昂的助人行为。可知，社会科学家研究亲社会行为已经很长时间了。故选C项。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中In many cases, such behaviors are fostered during childhood and adolescence as adults encourage children to share, act kindly, and help others. Prosocial behaviors are often seen as being compelled by a number of factors including egoistic reasons (doing things to improve one's self-image), reciprocal benefits (doing something nice for someone so that they may one day return the favor), and more altruistic reasons (performing actions purely out of empathy for another individual). 在许多情况下，这些行为是在儿童和青少年时期培养的，因为成年人鼓励孩子们分享、友善地行动和帮助他人。亲社会行为往往被视为由许多因素包括强迫自我中心的原因(做事情来改善一个人的自我形象),互惠的好处(为别人做一些好事,让他们总有一天会回报),和更多的利他主义的原因(执行操作纯粹出于对另一个人的同理心)。可知，在第三段提到了很多人 Prosocial behaviors 的原因有：improve one's self- image、out of empathy、during childhood and adolescence as adults encourage children to share，即提高自我形象、出于同情、在童年时被父母鼓励，只有B选项没有提到。故选B项。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中All the examples are what we call the bystander effect, the tendency for people to become less likely to assist a person in distress when there are a number of other people also present. 所有的例子都是我们所说的旁观者效应，即当有很多其他人在场时，人们不太可能去帮助一个处于困境中的人。可知，作者举得例子都是说当看到其他人已经去帮助需要帮助的人，那么有的人就不再前去提供帮助了。由此判断出，这些都是试图说明环境影响助人行为。故选 D项。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中In some cases, witnesses might assume that since there are so many other present, someone else will have surely already called for help.在某些情况下，目击者可能会认为，既然有这么多其他的人在场，肯定有人已经打电话求救了。由此判断出，当听到一位受伤的女士大声呼救时，邻居们没有采取行动。这就产生了旁观者效应。故选 A项。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段Experts have suggested that some key things must happen in order for a person to take action.专家建议在采取措施前，一些关键的事情必须做。由此判断出，下文应该介绍如何帮助人的一些技巧。故选D项。‎ ‎【点睛】第1小题考查了直接细节理解题。直接信息题此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定最佳答案。第1小题根据第二段第一句Prosocial behavior has long posed a challenge to social scientists seeking to understand why people engage in helping behaviors that are beneficial to others, but costly to the individual performing the action. 长期以来，亲社会行为一直是社会科学家面临的一个挑战，他们试图理解为什么人们会做出对他人有益、但对个体代价高昂的助人行为。可知，社会科学家研究亲社会行为已经很长时间了。故选C项。‎ 第Ⅱ卷（共 35 分）‎ 第四部分：写作 第一节、阅读表达(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) ‎ 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题 Eleven-year-old Ruby Kate has long been close to older folks. Her mother, Amanda Chitsey, works at nursing homes in northwest Arkansas, and Ruby Kate often goes with her in the summer.‎ ‎ “I’ve never found them scary at all, so I’m able to just go up to them and ask if they need anything,” she says.‎ Last May, Ruby Kate noticed a resident named Pearl staring out a window. She seemed sad. “What are you looking at?” Ruby Kate asked. Pearl said she was watching her dog being led away by his new owner after a visit. Pearl didn’t know when she would see her dog again.‎ Ruby Kate and Amanda asked around and discovered that the nursing home didn’t allow residents to have dogs and Pearl couldn’t afford to pay anyone to look after hers. The Chitseys also learned that many nursing home residents are unable to afford even the smallest luxuries. So Ruby Kate decided to do something about it.‎ She started by asking residents what three things they wanted most in the world. “That’s a lot simpler than going, ‘Hey, what do you want?’” she explains. “They can understand you better.” Amanda worried that people would ask for cars and other things an 11-year-old wouldn’t be able to provide. Instead, they asked for chocolate bars, McDonald’s fries, pants that fit properly, and even just a prayer.‎ ‎“It broke me as a human,” Amanda says. “We left the nursing home that day and went straight to a store and bought as many items as we could.” Using their own money, the Chitseys granted the wishes of about 100 people in three months.‎ Then they started asking for donations, set up a GoFundMe page, Three Wishes for Ruby’s Residents, and raised more than $‎250,000 in five months. One of their new goals is to set up a communal laptop in one nursing home in each state.Ruby Kate doesn’t plan to stop there. “I consider kindness to be my hobby,” she says, “and I’m very good at it.”‎ ‎56. What makes Ruby Kate have a close relationship with older people? (No more than 10 words)‎ ‎57. Why was Pearl’s dog taken away from her? (No more than 15 words)‎ ‎58. What are paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly about? (No more than 10 words)‎ ‎59. How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? (No more than 10 words)‎ ‎60. What do you think of Ruby Kate? Give your reasons. (No more than 20 words)‎ ‎【答案】56. She often goes to them and finds them not scary. ‎ ‎57. Because the nursing home forbad dogs and Pearl couldn’t afford to have hers looked after. Or: Because the nursing home banned dogs and Pearl had no money to have hers raised. Or: Because the nursing home didn’t allow dogs and Pearl couldn’t pay to have hers raised. ‎ ‎58. How Ruby Kate（the Chitseys）helped the nursing home residents. ‎ ‎59. She will continue to do more work to offer help. ‎ ‎60. Ruby Kate is kind, bright and helpful because she has devoted herself to helping people in a smart way.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了鲁比·凯特(Ruby Kate)经常跟着在养老院工作的母亲阿曼达·奇奇(Amanda Chitsey)一起去阿肯色州西北部的养老院看望老人；随后，她们又积极寻求捐款，为老人们买他们最想要的东西。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中 “I’ve never found them scary at all, so I’m able to just go up to them and ask if they need anything,” she says. 她说：“我从来没有发现他们有任何可怕的地方，所以我可以走到他们面前，问他们是否需要任何东西。”可知，关键词是never scary和go up to them。故回答为She often goes to them and finds them not scary.。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中Ruby Kate and Amanda asked around and discovered that the nursing home didn’t allow residents to have dogs and Pearl couldn’t afford to pay anyone to look after hers. Ruby Kate和Amanda四处打听，发现养老院不允许居民养狗，而珀尔又雇不起人来照顾她可知，关键词是didn’t allow to have dogs和couldn’t afford to pay。故回答为Because the nursing home forbad dogs and Pearl couldn’t afford to have hers looked after. Or: Because the nursing home banned dogs and Pearl had no money to have hers raised. Or: Because the nursing home didn’t allow dogs and Pearl couldn’t pay to have hers raised.。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第四段中She started by asking residents what three things they wanted most in the world. 她首先问这里的老人他们最想的三样东西。和第五段中Using their own money, the Chitseys granted the wishes of about 100 people in three months. Chitseys一家用自己的钱，在三个月内满足了大约100人的愿望。可知，这两段主要是讲述了Ruby Kate怎么帮助这些养老院的老人的。故回答为How Ruby Kate（the Chitseys）helped the nursing home residents.。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据划线句的上一句One of their new goals is to set up a communal laptop in one nursing home in each state. ‎ 他们的新目标之一是在每个州的疗养院里建立一个公共的笔记本电脑。可知，Ruby Kate会继续提供帮助。故回答为She will continue to do more work to offer help.。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Using their own money, the Chitseys granted the wishes of about 100 people in three months.” Chitseys一家用自己的钱，在三个月内满足了大约100人的愿望。最后一段最后一句“I consider kindness to be my hobby,” she says, “and I’m very good at it.”“我认为善良是我的爱好，”她说，“我非常擅长它。”可知，Ruby Kate是个善良、有智慧、无私奉献的人。故回答为Ruby Kate is kind, bright and helpful because she has devoted herself to helping people in a smart way.。‎ 第二节、书面表达（共 1 小题；共 25 分）‎ ‎61.假设你是晨光中学的学生李津，最近你将有机会和当地的一家英文报社记者一起，参加采访报道活动，请根据以下提示给报社组织这项活动的编辑写一封电子邮件：‎ ‎（1） 你打算参加的栏目组（从社会、文化、体育和人物专栏中任选其一）；‎ ‎（2） 选择该栏目组的原因及关于该栏目你想采访报道的内容；‎ ‎（3） 希望从中有何收获。‎ 注意：（1） 词数不少于 100；‎ ‎（2） 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；‎ ‎（3） 开头和结尾已给出、不计入总词数。‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear editor,‎ I feel delighted to know that I have the opportunity to participate in the reporting activity with a reporter. Among all the columns, the one that attracts me most is the culture column.‎ The reasons are as follow. First of all, the culture column deeply researches and reports the local characteristic culture, which will improve my cognition ability. What’s more, the aim for me to choose this column is to understand how to develop traditional culture in modern society. For example, how ‎ do people in local protect their traditional folk songs singing culture when they meet with new popular music culture? And I hope that I will have some chances to pay a visit to certain folk songs singers, so that I can have a better understanding of their ways in protecting and inheriting folk songs.‎ I’d appreciate it if you can take my application into consideration. Looking forward to hearing from you soon.‎ Yours,‎ Li Jin ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件电子邮件给报社组织采访报道活动的编辑。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文；‎ 人称：第一人称；‎ 时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主；‎ 结构：总-分-总法 ‎ 要点：‎ ‎（1） 你打算参加的栏目组（从社会、文化、体育和人物专栏中任选其一）；‎ ‎（2） 选择该栏目组的原因及关于该栏目你想采访报道的内容；‎ ‎（3） 希望从中有何收获。‎ 第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）‎ participate in；as follow；cognition ability；traditional culture；in modern society；meet with；pay a visit to；folk songs；take sth. into consideration；look forward to；hear from等 第三步：连词成句 ‎1. I feel delighted to know that I have the opportunity to participate in the reporting activity with a reporter.‎ ‎2. The one that attracts me most is the culture column.‎ ‎3. The culture column deeply researches and reports the local characteristic culture, which will improve my cognition ability.‎ ‎4. The aim for me to choose this column is to understand how to develop traditional culture in modern society.‎ ‎5. How do people in local protect their traditional folk songs singing culture when they meet with new popular music culture?‎ ‎6. I hope that I will have some chances to pay a visit to certain folk songs singers, so that I can have a better understanding of their ways in protecting and inheriting folk songs.‎ ‎7. I’d appreciate it if you can take my application into consideration.‎ ‎8. Looking forward to hearing from you soon.‎ 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）‎ ‎1.表文章结构顺序：First of all ‎2.表并列补充关系：What is more；and ‎3.表因果关系：so that ‎4.表列举事物：as follow；For example等 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，‎ 第五步：润色修改 ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：I feel delighted to know that I have the opportunity to participate in the reporting activity with a reporter.使用了由that连接的宾语从句； the one that attracts me most is the culture column.使用了由that引导的定语从句；the culture column deeply researches and reports the local characteristic culture, which will improve my cognition ability.使用了由which引导的非限制性定语从句；how do people in local protect their traditional folk songs singing culture when they meet with new popular music culture?使用了由when引导的时间状语从句；And I hope that I will have some chances to pay a visit to certain folk songs singers, so that I can have a better understanding of their ways in protecting and inheriting folk songs.使用了由that连接的宾语从句和so that引导的目的状语从句；I’d appreciate it if you can take my application into consideration. 使用了由if引导的条件状语从句等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎