湖北钟祥市高考英语一轮复习阅读类综合训练五11 8页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 湖北钟祥市 2017 高考英语阅读类一轮综合训练（五） 完形填空。 (2014·马鞍山市高中毕业班第一次教学质量检测) A certain good woman one day said something that hurt her best friend of many years.She__1__immediately and would have done anything to have taken the words back.__2__she said hurt the friend so much that this good woman was herself hurt__3__the pain she caused.__4__to cancel what she had done，she went to an older，wiser woman in the village，explained her situation， and asked for__5__. Listening to her，the older woman__6__the younger woman’s distress and knew she must help her.She also knew she could never__7__her pain，but she could teach.She knew the__8__would depend only on the character of the younger woman.She said，“Tonight，take your best feather pillows and put a single feather on the doorstep of each house in the town__9__the sun rises.” The young woman hurried__10__to prepare for her chore，even though the feather pillows were very__11__to her.All night long，she labored alone in the cold.Finally the sky was getting__12__， she placed the last feather on the steps of the last house.Just as the sun rose，she returned to__13__. “Now，” said the wise woman，“Go back and__14__your pillows with the feather you have put on the steps.Then everything will be__15__it was before.” “You know that’s__16__！The wind blew away each feather as fast as I placed them on the__17__！” The younger woman was surprised. “That’s true，” said the older woman.“Never forget.Each of your__18__is like a feather in the wind.Once spoken，no amount of effort，__19__how heartfelt or sincere，they can never return to your mouth.Choose your words well and__20__them most of all in the presence of those you love.”, 1．A. said B．felt C．regretted D．explained 2．A.That B．Which C．Who D．What 3．A.for B．as C．to D．of 4．A.By means B．In an effort C．In addition D．On account 5．A.question B．suggestion C．advice D．practice 6．A.sensed B．touched C．smelt D．breathed 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 7．A.raise B．release C．relieve D．rehearse 8．A.outline B．outcome C．output D．outbreak 9．A.until B．unless C．after D．before 10．A.home B．south C．inside D．outdoors 11．A.heavy B．brilliant C．colorful D．dear 12．A.light B．dark C．rainy D．sunny 13．A.her home B．the older woman C．her bedroom D．the feather pillow 14．A.recite B．rebuild C．refill D．recycle 15．A.with B．just C．like D．as 16．A.impossible B．important C．imaginable D．immoral 17．A.house B．doorsteps C．pillow D．bag 18．A.action B．feather C．words D．behavior 19．A.friendless B．regardless C．homeless D．hopeless 20．A.guarantee B．secure C．maintain D．guard 【参考答案】完形填空 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。一个善良的女人说了一些话伤害了她最好的朋友，她话一出口就后悔 了。她的话伤害朋友如此之深，以至于这个善良的女人为自己给朋友造成痛苦而伤心不已。这个故事告诉 我们：覆水难收。所以在别人面前尤其是我们珍爱的人面前最好注意自己的言辞。 1．解析： 考查动词辨析。由下文语境可知，她话一出口就后悔了。regret 意为“后悔”，符合语境。 答案： C 2．解析： 考查名词性从句的引导词。空格处引导主语从句，且主语从句中缺少动词 say 的宾语，所 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 以用 what 引导。 答案： D 3．解析： 考查介词辨析。这个善良的女人为自己给朋友造成痛苦而伤心不已。for 意为“因为”， 符合语境。 答案： A 4．解析： 考查介词短语辨析。句意为：为了努力消除她所做的一切，她去找村子里年长的、聪明的 女人。in an effort to do sth.意为“试图做某事”，符合语境。 答案： B 5．解析： 考查名词辨析。根据第二段第一句话中“she must help her...she could teach”可知， 她来是寻求建议的。ask for advice 意为“请求建议”。 答案： C 6．解析： 考查动词辨析。 句意为：听着年轻女人的述说，这位老妇人感觉到了她的忧伤，并且知 道得帮助她。sense 意为“感觉到”，符合语境。 答案： A 7．解析： 考查动词辨析。句意为：老妇人知道她不可能减轻她的伤痛，但可以让她从中吸取教训。 relieve 意为“减轻”，符合语境。 答案： C 8．解析： 考查名词辨析。句意为：她明白事情的结果只能是取决于她的性格。outcome 意为“结果， 结局”，符合语境。 答案： B 9．解析： 考查连词辨析。句意为：她说：“今晚，拆开你最好的羽毛枕头，在太阳升起之前，在本 镇每家的门前的台阶上放一根羽毛。”由下文语境可知，此处指在太阳升起之前，故选 D 项。 答案： D 10．解析： 考查副词辨析。句意为：年轻女人匆匆赶回家准备这件事。 答案： A 11．解析： 考查形容词辨析。由上文“take your best feather pillows...”可知，这些枕头是她 非常心爱的。 答案： D 12．解析： 考查动词辨析。由上文可知，她是在晚上将羽毛放在每家的台阶上，由此可推出此处指 天快亮了。 答案： A 13．解析： 考查名词辨析。由下文她和老妇人的对话可知，她在太阳升起时回到老妇人那里。 答案： B 14．解析： 考查动词辨析。句意为：回去再用你放在每家台阶上的羽毛把枕头填满。refill...with... 意为“重新填满”，符合语境。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 答案： C 15．解析： 考查词汇辨析。句意为：然后，一切事情将会像以前一样。as 意为“像……一样，依照”， 符合语境。 答案： D 16．解析： 考查形容词辨析。由下文语境可知，羽毛被风吹走了，再将羽毛填到枕头里是不可能的。 impossible 意为“不可能的”，符合语境。 答案： A[ 17．解析： 考查动词辨析。句意为：我把羽毛一放在台阶上，风就把它们吹跑了！根据句意以及第 二段最后一句话中的“doorstep”提示可知，应选 B 项。 答案： B 18．解析： 考查名词辨析。句意为：你要永远记住，你的每句话就像是风中的羽毛，覆水难收。本 文中提到这个善良的女人用话语伤害了她的好友，且由下文“Once spoken...they can never return to your mouth.”提示可知应选 C 项。 答案： C 19．解析： 考查形容词辨析。句意为：一旦话已说出，尽管你的愿望是如何真心、如何诚意，但所 说的话如泼水不可收回。regardless 意为“不管，不顾”，符合语境。 答案： B 20．解析： 考查动词辨析。句意为：在那些为你所爱的人面前，适当选择并且控制你的言辞。guard 意为“控制；使(言辞等)谨慎”，符合语境。 答案： D。 【2016 高考训练】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。 In rainy London, always carry your “brolly” BIG Ben，the Queen，a plate of ham and eggs-no, no, no. If you’re looking for a symbol of Britain， only one thing passes the test-the umbrella. Now, I know what you’re thinking—we have rain in China and we have umbrellas too. Certainly, I will never forget the way it rained when I lived in Beijing：the sweets became instant rivers and the sky flashed with lightning for hours on end. People dove for cover under bin bags, the shops were emptied of their plastic ponchos(斗篷)within seconds，and I found myself soaked(浸 透)from head to foot, my poorly-chosen skirt and T-shirt now totally see-through. This would never have happened in Britain. For one thing, during my year in Beijing, it only really rained at about 10 times. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 But although we never get a Beijing-style washout in London, the drizzle(毛毛雨)that does fall is all but constant．Even when the sky is perfectly blue, you can be sure it's going to cloud over and start drizzling again within the hour. And when it does, there is chaos. Trains stop, drains(下水道)block, and buses break down as if this was the first time the local authorities had seen this wet stuff coming out of the clouds. So—as with so many things in the UK-it’s up to ordinary people to sort themselves out. No self-respecting Briton will ever leave home without his “brolly” --as the umbrella is affectionately(亲切地)known. A brolly has hundreds of uses, even on rare rain-free days. A real gentleman of London will use his umbrella as a walking stick. A traditional game of cricket can be played using an umbrella as a hat. Nor do you ever have to be afraid of robbers-your umbrella doubles as a defensive weapon. There is no brolly more British than my own．But it's not from London or Manchester or any where in the UK. It was a gift from my Chinese teacher—in Beijing． 1. The author mentioned her rainy weather experience in Beijing to show that _____. A. many foreigners have embarrassing moments living in Beijing B. the rain in Beijing is usually much heavier than the rain in London C. British people are more used to rainy weather than Chinese people D. both Beijing and Londoners have unpleasant experience with sudden rain 2．The underlined word “this” in the second paragraph refers to _____. A. people getting extremely wet on rainy days B. sudden rain leading to traffic troubles C. people being well-prepared on rainy days D. it only raining a dozen times per year 3．The underlined word “chaos” in paragraph 5 probably means _____. A. doubt B. excitement C. joy D．disorder 4．The tone of the articles is _____. A. humorous B. optimistic C. objective D. annoyed 参考答案 1—4、CADA 【广东省华南师范大学附属中学、广东实验中学、深圳中学、广雅中学四校2016届高三上学期期末联考】People 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 with an impulsive personality refer to those who tend to do things without considering the possible dangers or problems first. According to a new study by researchers at the University of Georgia, such people may be more likely to have food addiction. The study found that people exhibiting impulsive behavior weren’t necessarily overweight, but impulsiveness was related to a direct relationship with food, and therefore, less healthy weight. Food addiction has been compared to addictive drug use. Studies have linked the dopamine (多巴 胺) release that occurs after tasting delicious food to the dopamine release that happens when people consume other addictive substances. Impulsive behavior involves several personality traits (特点). Two of these traits, known as negative urgency and lack of perseverance, were particularly associated with food addiction and high BMI (身体质量指数) during the study. Negative urgency is characterized by the tendency to behave impulsively when experiencing negative emotions. Some people might drink alcohol or take drugs. For others, it could mean eating to feel better. Lack of perseverance is when a person has a hard time finishing hard or boring tasks. People with a lack of perseverance might have difficulty attempting to change addictive eating behavior, which could also cause obesity. “Impulsiveness might be one reason why some people eat in an addictive way despite motivation to lose weight,” said Dr. Ashley Gearhardt, a clinical psychologist. He was involved in developing the Yale Food Addiction Scale in aid of those people. “We are theorizing that if food addiction is really a thing, then our measure, the Yale Food Addiction Scale, should be related to helping control impulsive action,” said Gearhardt. Clinical psychologist Dr. James MacKillop, whose lab was conducting the study, believes that therapies used to treat addictive drug behavior could help people who suffer from addictive eating habits. “Most of the programs for weight loss at this point focus on the most obvious things, which are clearly diet and exercise,” MacKillop said. “It seems that managing strong desires to eat would naturally fit in with the skills a person would need to eat healthily.” 12. According to Paragraph 1, the result of food addiction is ________. A. less healthy weight B. motivation to lose weight C. negative emotions D. taking alcohol or drugs 13. How does the author introduce the two personality traits in Paragraph 4? 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 A. By making comparisons and conclusions. B. By explaining causes and effects. C. By presenting questions and answers. D. By giving definitions and examples. 14. What can be inferred about the Yale Food Addiction Scale from the text? A. It has been successfully carried out among overweight people. B. It might help some impulsive people with food addiction to lose weight. C. It will prove whether food addiction is a problem to impulsive people. D. It is theoretically a proper treatment for addictive food and drug behavior. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Dopamine release caused by food addiction B. Food addiction compared to drug use C. Impulsive personality linked to food addition D. Food addiction contributing to obesity 【答案】 12A 13D 14B 15C 【解析】 试题分析：本文属于科普说明文，一项新的研究显示性格冲动的人很可能会有食物成瘾的行为，同时在文章 中作者还介绍了人们对于这两者之间联系的研究。 12. A 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句 The study found that people exhibiting impulsive behavior weren’t necessarily overweight, but impulsiveness was related to a direct relationship with food, and therefore, less healthy weight.可知研究说明冲动的人不一定就会超重，但是冲动和食物是有关系的， 所谓的食物有关系，也就是说有不健康的体重问题有关。故 A 正确。 13. D 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句 Negative urgency is characterized by the tendency to behave impulsively when experiencing negative emotions.和第四段第三句 Lack of perseverance is when a person has a hard time finishing hard or boring tasks.可知这两句是 Negative urgency 和 Lack of perseverance 两个概念的定义。同时本段 2、3 句 Some people might drink alcohol or take drugs. For others, it could mean eating to feel better.和最后一句 People with a lack of perseverance might have difficulty attempting to change addictive eating behavior, which could also cause obesity 给出的是这两个概 念的例子。所以作者是通过定义和举例来介绍这两个定义的。故 D 正确。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 15. C 标题概括题。本题属于主旨大意题中的标题概括题，根据第一段第二句 According to a new study by researchers at the University of Georgia, such people may be more likely to have food addiction. 一项新的研究显示性格冲动的人很可能会有食物成瘾的行为。在后几段中介绍了人们对于这两者之间联系的 研究。所以 C 项“Impulsive personality linked to food addition”与文章主题一致。 考点：考查科普说明文阅读