2021高考英语一轮复习Unit3AtasteofEnglishhumour课时作业 人教版必修4 9页

‎　Unit 3　A taste of English humour Ⅰ.阅读理解 ‎[2020·成都第三次诊断]Can you trust your very first childhood memories? Maybe not, a new study suggests.‎ Past studies show that people's earliest memories typically form around 3 to 3.5 years of age. But in a recent survey of more than 6,600 people, British scientists have found that 39 percent of participants claimed to have memories from age 2 or younger. These first memories are likely false, the researchers said. This was particularly the case for middleaged and older adults.‎ For the study, researchers asked participants to describe their first memory and the age at which it occurred. Participants were told they had to be sure the memory was the one that had happened. For example, it shouldn't be based on a photograph, a family story or any source other than direct experiences. Then the researchers examined the content, language and descriptive details of these earliest memories and worked out the likely reasons why people would claim to have memories from an age when memories cannot form.‎ As many of these memories dated before the age of 2, this suggests they were not based on actual facts, but facts or knowledge about their babyhood or childhood from photographs or family stories. Often these false memories are fired by a part of an early experience, such as family relationships or feeling sad, the researchers explained.‎ ‎“We suggest that what a rememberer has in mind when recalling fictional early memories is... a mental representation consisting of remembered pieces of early experiences and some facts or knowledge about their own babyhood or childhood，” study author Shania Kantar said in a journal news release. “Additionally, further details may be unconsciously inferred or added. Such memory－like mental representations come, over time, to be collectively experienced when they come to mind, so for the individual, they quite simply are ‘memories’ which particularly point to babyhood.”‎ ‎“Importantly, the person remembering them doesn't know this is fictional，” study co－author Martin Conway said. “In fact, when people are told that their memories are false they often don't believe it.”‎ - 9 -‎ ‎1．What can we learn from the recent study?‎ A．Memories form after the age of 3.‎ B．Participants are good at telling stories.‎ C．Adults are likely to form false memories.‎ D．Earliest memories may play a trick on us.‎ ‎2．Which source did the researchers require for the earliest memories?‎ A．A direct experience. B．A family story.‎ C．A family photo. D．A sad feeling.‎ ‎3．What are these fictional early memories according to Kantar?‎ A．They are repeated mental representations.‎ B．They are a collection of early experiences.‎ C．They are a combination of both facts and fictions.‎ D．They are further details of remembered experiences.‎ ‎4．Which part of a newspaper is this text probably taken from?‎ A．Society. B．Psychology.‎ C．Technology. D．Health.‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎[2020·南昌市重点中学高三年级段考试题]‎ Public Speaking Public speaking can be defined as the act of making a speech in front of a group of listeners.‎ The types of public speaking are deliberately structured with three general purposes: to inform, to persuade and to entertain the audience. An informative speech has a purpose to inform, or give knowledge to its audience. __1__ For persuasive speech, the speaker would try to change the mindset, perception, or behavior of the audience for their own good. Thus, the speaker needs to look for common ground with the audience and try to relate to what they might agree on. The last type is a ceremonial speech. It tends to be less formal and more personal than the other types of speeches. No matter how well you know the person you are giving speech to, try not to say bad things about them, even if it is meant to be a joke.‎ ‎__2__ Sparing some time to practice will help build confidence and help determine how long the presentation will last. Aside from it, knowing who the audience will be is quite necessary. Try to get as much information as possible regarding this particular area related to the audience. Knowing the “battlefield” in advance ‎ - 9 -‎ will give the speakers a huge advantage. ‎ Language is the main aspect a speaker needs to pay attention to while giving a speech. __3__ A speaker needs to choose their words carefully and make it clear to the audience what they mean. Often, when given a speech, the audience look to the speaker to give them something new and useful. __4__ Language and delivery(演讲方式) alone will not be sufficient if the speaker does not have the body language. The movement and gesture of a speaker also affect the audience. While closing the speech or presentation, speakers can restate their main points, just to remind the audience of the important things that have been said. __5__‎ A．It needs to be used clearly.‎ B．These speeches mark special occasions.‎ C．The important thing to watch about is not to put in too much information.‎ D．The key of perfecting anything is through practice, including public speaking.‎ E．They can also end it with a special message and encourage the audience to ask questions.‎ F．Knowing how public speaking is done is a key part in understanding the importance of it. ‎ G．Thus, the speaker needs to know how to deliver their speech to fulfill the audience's expectation.‎ Ⅲ.完形填空 ‎[2019·南昌重点中学高三年级段考试题]When I was born there was already another youngster in the family — a collie dog just three months old.‎ Laddie __1__ near me, ate with me and played with me. I __2__ dressed him in my clothes. We __3__ almost everything and we hugged each other for comfort and __4__. I had no brothers or sisters, so he was my brother. When I left for __5__ he watched me from the window and on my return ran __6__ to the door, his face lighting up with pleasure and love.We were __7__.‎ Years passed and sores(疮) __8__ on his back and a growth(赘生物) on his lower lip. I thought a vet and __9__ would cure him.‎ When I returned from school one day and opened the __10__， there was no Laddie. Believing he was playing “hide－and－seek”， I searched all his favorite __11__ places. Meanwhile my parents were trying to __12__ to me, but I was not listening, I was searching and calling madly for my __13__.‎ - 9 -‎ The blow was more than I could bear, and as a result I was __14__ and off school for many weeks, suffering from extreme sadness.‎ Many years passed before I got a dog of my own. He was my son's __15__. The two would get up to all kinds of mischief(顽皮). When Yogi's __16__ came we all went with him to the vet's and hugged him, petted him and __17__ him for his company and love. That way it __18__ the blow for us.‎ The loss of a(n) __19__ is heartbreaking, but we have the option of providing that final release with dignity and avoiding __20__. It's what must be done.‎ ‎1．A.jumped B．slept ‎ C．came D．shouted ‎2．A.never B．even ‎ C．quickly D．then ‎3．A.tried B．saw ‎ C．enjoyed D．shared ‎4．A.friendship B．fun ‎ C．warmth D．strength ‎5．A.school B．market ‎ C．work D．clinic ‎6．A.slowly B．eagerly ‎ C．willingly D．carefully ‎7．A.inseparable B．reliable C．unforgettable D．respectable ‎8．A.lay B．rode ‎ C．appeared D．lightened ‎9．A.environment B．diet C．exercise D．medicines ‎10．A.cupboard B．window ‎ C．box D．door ‎11．A.drinking B．feeding ‎ C．hiding D．playing ‎12．A.explain B．cry ‎ C．clarify D．sigh ‎13．A.father B．mother ‎ - 9 -‎ C．brother D．sister ‎14．A.moved B．upset ‎ C．ill D．relieved ‎15．A.tool B．toy ‎ C．caretaker D．companion ‎16．A.owner B．festival ‎ C．friend D．time ‎17．A.admired B．thanked C．praised D．rewarded ‎18．A.suffered B．softened ‎ C．received D．delivered ‎19．A.pet B．relative ‎ C．animal D．treasure ‎20．A.suffering B．misunderstanding C．danger D．embarrassment Ⅳ.书面表达 ‎[2020·沈阳、许昌市第一次检测]假定你是李华，外国交换生Tony想参加你校的社团以学习中国文化。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1．校社团情况介绍；‎ ‎2．活动的时间、地点；‎ ‎3．报名方法。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 课时作业(十八)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 体裁：说明文　题材：科学研究　主题：最早记忆 ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，人最早的记忆一般始于三岁到三岁半。在调查了六千多名调查对象之后，研究人员声称那些两岁时或更早的记忆是有误的。‎ - 9 -‎ ‎【难句分析】　Then the researchers examined the content, language and descriptive details of these earliest memories and worked out the likely reasons why people would claim to have memories from an age when memories cannot form.‎ 分析：句中why people would claim to have memories from an age when memories cannot form为why引导的定语从句，修饰先行词reasons，引导词在从句中作原因状语；其中when memories cannot form为when引导的时间状语从句。‎ 译文：然后，研究人员检查了这些最早记忆的内容、语言和描述细节，并找出了人们声称拥有这些记忆的可能的原因，这些记忆来自记忆无法形成的年龄。‎ ‎1．D　考查细节理解。根据第二段倒数第二句“These first memories are likely false, the researchers said”可知，研究人员认为，这些人所认为的最初的记忆可能是错误的，并结合第四段、第五段分析的错误的最早记忆形成的原因可知D项正确。‎ ‎2．A　考查细节理解。根据第三段第二、三句“Participants were told they had to be sure the memory was the one that had happened.For example，it shouldn't be based on a photograph, a family story or any source other than direct experiences”可知，参与者被告知，他们必须确定记忆就是发生过的事；除了亲身经历，那件事不能基于一张照片、一个家庭故事或任何来源。故A项正确。‎ ‎3．C　考查细节理解。根据第四段第一句可知，尽管这些回忆中许多发生在两岁之前，但是研究表明这些记忆不是基于事实，而是基于婴儿或儿童时期的照片或家庭故事；结合第五段中Kantar所说的话可知，Kantar认为人们所认为的最早的记忆结合了事实和虚构的成分，故C项正确。‎ ‎4．B　考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“We suggest that what a rememberer has in mind when recalling fictional early memories is... a mental representation consisting of remembered pieces of early experiences and some facts or knowledge about their own babyhood or childhood”可知，虚构的最早的记忆是一种心理现象。结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项关于最早记忆的研究，此研究与心理学有关。据此可推知，本文很可能摘自报纸的心理学版块，故B项正确。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 体裁：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——公共演讲——公共演讲的类型及注意事项 ‎【语篇解读】　本文介绍了公共演讲的几个类型以及做好演讲所需注意的事项。‎ ‎1．C　从结构上看，第二段首先介绍了公共演讲的三种目的；接下来对这三种目的分别介绍了其对应的演讲类型以及注意事项。空处位于介绍informative speech这种类型之后，应是说明它的注意事项，故C项表述不要输入太多的信息符合语境。其中information是关键提示词。‎ ‎2．D　本空是段首句。本段讲述了公共演讲的两个注意事项。下文“Aside from it... is - 9 -‎ ‎ quite necessary”讲的是第二个注意事项：要提前了解观众是谁。接着进一步阐述了注意事项。空后讲的是多加练习对于演讲的好处，由此可推知，空处应是第一个注意事项，并且与空后一句中的“practice”相呼应，故选D。‎ ‎3．A　本空是段中句。空前一句是说语言是演讲中需注意的主要方面。空处应是对其进行进一步的说明，关键词是Language，A项中的It可推知指的就是Language，且根据空后的“make it clear to the audience”可知，A项“它(语言)需要使用得很清楚”符合语境。‎ ‎4．G　本空是段中句。空前讲的是观众期待演讲者能给他们新的有用的东西，故G项“因此，演讲者需要了解如何发表他们的演讲来满足观众的期待”与空前一句构成逻辑上的因果关系，所以答案是G。‎ ‎5．E　本空是段尾句。空前讲的是演讲者可以重申要点，提醒观众所讲的重要事情来结束演讲，空处应是叙述另一种结束方式，故E项符合语境。‎ Ⅲ.完形填空 体裁：记叙文　主题语境：人与自然——人与动物——作者与庞物狗之间深厚的感情 ‎【语篇解读】　作者小时候与自己的小宠物狗之间有着深厚的感情，他们同吃同住同玩。有一天小狗生病死了，作者非常难过。多年以后，作者又有了一个小狗，它临终的时候，作者和儿子把它带到兽医那里，拥抱并感谢了它。作者认为，把小狗有尊严地送走，可以减轻自己的痛苦。‎ ‎1．B　根据语境和下文中的“he was my brother”(我把它当兄弟看)并结合选项可知，Laddie睡(slept)在我旁边，跟我一起吃，一起玩。‎ ‎2．B　根据语境并结合选项可知，我甚至给它穿我的衣服。‎ ‎3．D　根据语境并结合选项可知，我们几乎分享所有的东西。‎ ‎4．C　根据空前的“we hugged each other for comfort and”并结合选项可知，我们抱在一起，寻求安慰和温暖。‎ ‎5．A　根据下文中的“When I returned from school”可知，当“我”去上学的时候，它从窗户边看着“我”。‎ ‎6．B　根据该句中的”his face lighting up with pleasure and love”可知，“我”放学回来的时候，它急切地朝门口跑过去。‎ ‎7．A　上文讲作者和小狗一起睡、一起吃、一起玩，作者上学的时候，小狗从窗户边看着作者，作者放学的时候，小狗急切地向门口跑过去，这一切都说明，作者和小狗是亲密无间的。inseparable“亲密无间的”；unforgettable“难以忘怀的”；respectable“受人尊敬的”。‎ ‎8．C　根据下文中的“a vet”“cure him”并结合常识可知，多年过去了，它的后背生了疮，下唇长了一个赘生物。“我”想，兽医和药可以治愈它。appear“出现”符合语境。lighten意为“减轻；变明亮”。‎ - 9 -‎ ‎9．D　参见上题解析。‎ ‎10．D　根据6空后的“to the door”并结合语境可知，一天，当“我”从学校回来打开门时，没看到它。‎ ‎11．C　根据该句中的“hide－and－seek”可知，“我”认为它在(跟“我”)玩捉迷藏，“我”找了它所有最喜欢的藏身之处。‎ ‎12．A　根据语境并结合选项可知，与此同时，“我”父母试图向“我”解释，但“我”没听。clarify意为“阐明”。‎ ‎13．C　根据上文中的“so he was my brother”并结合语境可知，“我”在寻找，在发疯般喊着“我”的兄弟。‎ ‎14．C　根据该句中的“off school for many weeks, suffering from extreme sadness”可知，这个打击是“我”不能承受的，结果，“我”病了。‎ ‎15．D　根据空处下文表述“儿子和狗一起各种顽皮”可知，此处表示它是“我”儿子的伙伴。caretaker“监护人，看管人”。‎ ‎16．D　根据语境可知，当Yogi的生命期限来到的时候，我们都陪它一起去了兽医那里。这里的time指的是“生命期限”。‎ ‎17．B　我们抚摸着它，感谢它的陪伴和爱。‎ ‎18．B　根据语境可知，那种方式减轻了对我们的打击。soften意为“变缓和”。‎ ‎19．A　失去宠物是让人心碎的，但我们可以选择不失尊严和避免痛苦(suffering)的方式来对待宠物的离去。‎ ‎20．A　参见上题解析。‎ Ⅳ.书面表达 ‎【范文赏读】‎ Dear Tony，‎ I'm glad to learn that you're interested in our school clubs. Here are the brief introductions. There are four clubs with the themes of Chinese culture for lovers of kung fu, cooking, paintings and handwriting in our school. Each club provides regular training courses. ①The clubs can not only enrich your knowledge of Chinese traditional culture, but also make your school life colorful and interesting. The activities start at 3：00 p．m. and last 1.5 hours every Friday in Teaching Building 1. If you are interested in any club above, just sign up on our school website before 18th, October. Welcome to join us.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎【一句多译】‎ - 9 -‎ ‎①In addition to enriching your knowledge of Chinese traditional culture, the clubs also enable your school life to be colorful and interesting.‎ - 9 -‎