新课标2021高考英语一轮复习课时作业215-1Greatscientists 人教版必修5 7页

课时作业21 5-1 Great scientists Ⅰ.阅读下列各句，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的适当形式。‎ ‎1．I put ________ a plan but he did not appear enthusiastic about it.‎ ‎2．We will have a further discussion before we draw a final ________ (conclude)．‎ ‎3．Who will attend ________ your dog when you all go out for a holiday?‎ ‎4. ________ (absorb)in his work, Tom simply forgot food and sleep.‎ ‎5．Although this medicine can cure you ________ your illness, it has a bad effect on you.‎ ‎6．Children ________ (expose)to difficult situations are better at handling those ________ (challenge) tasks.‎ ‎7．He was suspected ________ stealing the money.‎ ‎8．I don't know who is ________ (blame) for the messy room.‎ ‎9．Chemical ________ (pollute)will bring about a threat to agriculture and food chain, and consequently to human health.‎ ‎10．Most customers were satisfied with the way their complaints ________ (handle)．‎ ‎11．The expert says that nowadays there are too many problems ________ (link) to poor diet and a lack of exercise.‎ ‎12．Our cook's sudden ________ (announce) that she was leaving took us quite by surprise.‎ ‎13．I have to choose another way back home, because the road to my community is ________ construction at the moment.‎ ‎14．Apart ________ cleaning the yard and making up the beds for the old, we also read newspapers for them and had chats with them.‎ ‎15．As we all know, fresh air and proper amounts of exercise can contribute ________ good health.‎ ‎16．He was strict ________ his son and he was also strict ________ his own work.‎ 7‎ ‎17．Not until he explained it to me did I make sense ________ what he said.‎ ‎18．He suggested I ________ (set) aside some time for exercise.‎ ‎19．The Greens had their milk ________ (deliver) to the door every day.‎ ‎20．Neither I nor Jane and Mary ________ (be) tired of having one examination after another.‎ 答案 ‎1．forward　2.conclusion　3.to　4.Absorbed　5.of ‎6．exposed; challenging　7.of　8.to blame　9.pollution ‎10．were handled　11.linked　12.announcement ‎13．under　14.from　15.to　16.with；in　17.of ‎ ‎18. (should) set　19. delivered　20.are Ⅱ.阅读理解 A ‎(2019年衡水中学高三年级一调考试)‎ Brochure Design Service Professional Brochure Designs Brochures have proven to be one of the most costeffective marketing methods for product and service companies worldwide. Creating a brochure is a delicate and important design process for any business, and must be left in the hand of professional brochure designers. It requires graphic(图解的)design skills, specific techniques, and a deep understanding of marketing and printing technology.‎ A Professional Brochure Design Service Brochure Design Service is a team of professional brochure designers that create company brochures and product catalogs for businesses. At Brochure Design Service you will find the design solutions for your organization brochures—from the outline of design drafts，” concepts and messages to the final brochure printing.‎ As experts in design, we make the highest quality brochures you will ever come across, quickly and affordably. You only need to answer emails and provide feedback on our designs.‎ Creating Professional Brochures for your Company 7‎ Affordable and highestquality end products. Brochures that will certainly beat your competitors and give you the edge in marketing your business.‎ Brochure design samples ready in 2 business days or less. Do you have a trade show next week? Call us! We can meet tight deadlines.‎ We have been serving thousands of clients all around the world for more than 15 years.‎ Access to royalty－free(版权费) images included in our design fees.‎ Lightweight digital brochure in PDF format included.‎ Save time by avoiding endless meetings and appointments. Our service is faster, more reliable and coateffective than a traditional design agency.‎ Unparalleled service: unlimited revisions till your final approval, plus 100% money back guarantee. Contact us right now! Tel: (814)7553560 Email: smith@ brochure. ca.‎ ‎1．What is needed in creating a brochure?‎ A．Handwriting techniques.‎ B．Photographing skills.‎ C．Communicating strategies.‎ D．Graphic design ability.‎ ‎2．Brochure Design Service can offer customers ________．‎ A．a true show B．PDF versions of brochures C．a printing machine D．Internet images ‎3．The main purpose of the text is to ________．‎ A．entertain B．suggest C．advertise D．warn 答案与解析 这是一篇应用文。Brochure Design Service是一个专业的宣传册设计团队。该团队可以为公司设计创造宣传册和产品画册。文章介绍了它的工作性质，工作范围等内容。‎ ‎1．D　细节理解题。由第一段中的“It requires graphic design skills, specific 7‎ ‎ techniques, and a deep understanding of marketing and printing technology”可知，宣传册设计需要绘画设计技巧，特定技术，以及对市场营销和印刷技术的深刻理解。故选D。‎ ‎2．B 　细节理解题。由“版权免费”四个字下面一行“Lightweight digital brochure in PDF format included”可知，Brochure Design Service可以为客户提供PDF格式的数字手册。故B选项正确。‎ ‎3．C　写作意图题。本文介绍了Brochure Design Service是一个专业的宣传册设计团队，该团队可以为公司设计创造宣传册和产品画册。很明显，这篇文章的目的就是宣传。C选项正确。‎ B Throughout the past few years, I have tried lo give myself to others. I have bounced around to find where I truly fit in. I found my place while I stayed in Guatemala, an orphanage (孤儿院)with the children living there. Through hearing many stories of their lives. I was moved to tears and started to question my living ways and gave up everything that wasn't essential: makeup and any other sort of luxury (奢侈品). I lived as they did. It was the most relaxing feeling in the world.‎ When at Nuestros Pequenos Hermanos, we were given the task of creating a pig pen(猪圈). At first, I thought it should be easy. After arriving at the area where the pig pen should be, we saw a hill. We were told to uproot the weeds as well as level the entire area. Looking at it, we felt it,_would be impossible. On my own faith journey, I have felt this type of doubt before. The “hole”， as we referred to, is a symbol of my faith journey. It appeared to be an obstacle I could not overcome, but in the end completed it with efforts. I feel this pig pen wasn't easy to create but was so rewarding to give.‎ I've always struggled to be on a journey of faith, but I've never completely stepped foot onto the path until Guatemala. I've always tried to open my heart to everyone around me and give them my love, I feel as though I cut open my heart and share every bit of love I had with these orphans. There is one orphan named Ceto who will always remain very close to my heart. In Guatemala, I sponsor with thirty dollars a month, but it doesn't seem enough. I'll return there next summer and give 7‎ ‎ more of my love for a whole month.‎ When it was time to leave. I looked out of the window and saw not just ordinary children. Overall, the most significant accomplishment I made in Guatemala was stepping towards my own faith journey and not looking back.‎ ‎4．What resulted in the author's decision to live a new life?‎ A．Desire to help others.‎ B．Decrease in his income.‎ C．A knowledge of the orphans' life.‎ D．Awareness of the difficulty in his life.‎ ‎5．What does the underlined word “it”in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A．Removing the doubt.‎ B．Uprooting the weed.‎ C．Starting the faith journey.‎ D．Creating the pig pen.‎ ‎6．What did the author think of his experience in Guatemala?‎ A．It was regretful. B．It was meaningful.‎ C．It was interesting. D．It was frightening.‎ ‎7．What may be the best title for the text?‎ A．A Step into a New World B．An Awful Faith Journey C．A Great Success in Life D．A Return of Confidence 答案与解析 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在危地马拉期间，作者改变了自己的生活，从而改变了他的人生。‎ ‎4．C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段I found my place while I stayed in Guatemala, an orphanage (孤儿院)，with the children living there. Through hearing many stories of their lives, I was moved to tears and started to question my living ways and gave up everything that wasn't essential.可知，作者了解到孤儿的生活之后，决定改变自己的生活。故选C。‎ 7‎ ‎5．D　词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句I feel this pig pen wasn't easy to create but was so rewarding to give.可以猜测出，it代指Creating the pig pen.建造猪圈这件事。故选D。‎ ‎6．B　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Overall, the most significant accomplishment I made in Guatemala was stepping towards my own faith journey and not looking back.可以推断出，作者认为在危地马拉的经历是有意义的。故选B。‎ ‎7．A　主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段Overall, the most significant accomplishment I made in Guatemala was stepping towards my own faith journey and not looking back.可以推断出在危地马拉期间，作者改变了自己的生活，从而改变了人生。故用A Step into a New World作为本文的标题。故选A。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The history of air conditioners(空调) started in the early days with the need to preserve food. The food __1__ is kept at room temperature spoils easily due to the growth of bacteria. At temperature below 4℃， the growth of bacteria reduces __2__ (rapid). As a result of the development in food refrigeration, other following applications include air conditioning and manufacturing processes.‎ The __3__ (discover) of the principles of the absorption type of refrigeration in 1824 showed that liquefied ammonia(液氮) could cool air. At first, the commercially available use of air conditioning applications was based on the need to cool air for industrial processes rather than __4__ (person) comfort. The first electrical air conditioning __5__ (invent) by Willis Haviland Carrier in 1902. He was also known __6__ the Father of Modern Air Conditioning. __7__ (he) invention was designed to improve the manufacturing process of a printing factory. By __8__ (control) the temperature, the process was made more efficient.‎ The Carrier Air Conditioning Company of America was set up by him __9__ (meet) the demand of better productivity in the workplace. Today, Carrier Corporation is __10__ biggest air conditioner manufacturer and marketing corporation in the world in central air conditioning.‎ 答案与解析 7‎ 这篇文章介绍了空调的发展史。‎ ‎1．that/which　考查定语从句。 __1__ is kept at room temperature是一个定语从句，修饰先行词The food，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，所以填that/which。‎ ‎2．rapidly　考查副词。修饰动词reduces，用副词，填rapidly。‎ ‎3．discovery　考查名词。作句子主语，用名词，填discovery。‎ ‎4．personal　考查形容词。修饰名词comfort，用形容词，填personal。‎ ‎5．was invented　考查语态。The first electrical air conditioning与invent之间是被动关系，并且是发生在过去的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，填was invented。‎ ‎6．as　考查固定短语。be known as作为……而出名，是固定短语，所以填as。‎ ‎7．His　考查代词。表示“他的发明……”，所以填his。‎ ‎8．controlling　考查固定用法。介词by之后，用v.＋ing形式，所以填controlling。‎ ‎9．to meet　考查不定式。表示目的，“为了满足更好的生产力的需要”，所以填to meet。‎ ‎10．the　考查冠词。biggest是最高级，所以前面用定冠词the。‎ 7‎