甘肃省陇南市2020届高三第二次诊断考试英语试题 Word版含解析 22页

高三英语试卷 考生注意：‎ ‎1. 本试卷共120分，考试时间100分钟。‎ ‎2. 请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。‎ 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Four Best Countries to Visit in Europe Germany As the world’s largest beer festival, Oktoberfest attracts a large number of beer lovers from all over the world every September. In addition to the beer, during the Oktoberfest every year, a dress parade is held in the streets of Munich. There are nearly 10,000 people to take part in the parade.‎ Greece The city Santonia in this country is the most popular tourist city in Europe, because there is a very romantic Aegean Sea. Every year there are a lot of couples or newlyweds, who will come here for their honeymoon. Greece is famous for its fresh air and pleasant climate. Mountains and sea, bright sunshine, ever green plants, olives, bananas, grapes and other fruit trees are everywhere. It is a popular tourist destination in the world. September to October is the best time to visit Greece.‎ Italy November is getting colder in Europe, but Italy on the Mediterranean is having its best season. Not many tourists, the scenery is still. Hotels are cutting prices to welcome quiet tourists. Without the noisy crowds, Rome, Venice and Florence would truly lift their veil (面纱).‎ Norway In December, the Earth entered the cold winter, but there are always some people liking different travel. Norway is the best place to visit. Norway is seen by many as a ski paradise (天堂), and not just because of the long ski season and excellent skiing conditions. The main reason is that there are children’s slopes to play on, red slopes to slide on, vast snow fields in the mountains to chase and, importantly, real fun to ski on.‎ - 22 -‎ ‎1. When should you go to Germany if you are a beer lover?‎ A. In September. B. In May.‎ C. In July. D. In October.‎ ‎2. Which place is the most suitable for a couple’s honeymoon?‎ A. Munich. B. Venice.‎ C. Santonia. D. Rome.‎ ‎3. What can tourists do in December in Norway?‎ A. They can take part in a beer festival.‎ B. They can take part in a dress parade.‎ C. They can enjoy ever green plants.‎ D. They can have excellent snow fields to ski.‎ ‎【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了欧洲四个最佳旅游国家。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Germany中As the world’s largest beer festival, Oktoberfest attracts a large number of beer lovers from all over the world every September.“作为世界上最大的啤酒节，每年9月的啤酒节吸引了来自世界各地的大量啤酒爱好者。”由此可知，如果你是个啤酒爱好者，你应该九月去德国。故选A。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Greece中The city Santonia in this country is the most popular tourist city in Europe, because there is a very romantic Aegean Sea. Every year there are a lot of couples or newlyweds, who will come here for their honeymoon.“这个国家的Santonia是欧洲最受欢迎的旅游城市，因为那里有非常浪漫的爱琴海。每年都有很多新婚夫妇来这里度蜜月。”由此可知，Santonia最适合情侣度蜜月。故选C。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Norway中Norway is seen by many as a ski paradise (天堂), and not just because of the long ski season and excellent skiing conditions. The main reason is that there are children’s slopes to play on, red slopes to slide on, vast snow fields in the mountains to chase and, importantly, real fun to ski on.‎ - 22 -‎ ‎“挪威被许多人视为滑雪天堂，这不仅仅是因为漫长的滑雪季节和极佳的滑雪条件。主要原因是这里有可供儿童玩耍的斜坡，可以在红色的斜坡上滑行，还有可以在山上追逐的广阔雪地，更重要的是，在上面滑雪真的很有趣。”由此可知，游客在挪威的十二月份可以在极好的雪地上滑雪。故选D。‎ B I got this strange idea that I would run for student body president (学生会主席) when I was in the eighth grade. To run for student body president is not a surprising decision for most outgoing and popular people. But in fact, I tended to daydream, read books that were not on the required list, and sat at the table at the cafeteria with the only two friends I had, Denise and Janice. What happened within two months led me to the single best method to succeed in achieving something.‎ Claire was perfect-in-front-of-adults and had decent grades, though she was rude to me, which motivated me to sign up to run against her for student body president. Denise decided we should form a mastermind group to get me elected. We met everyday, right after school, reviewing a list of students. We brainstormed reasons why each one might want to vote, in their own interests for me or more likely against Claire.‎ We used a method we learned from Denise’s sister. It meant that we looked for students who were most likely to influence a group of other students. Those are the people we approached first. My narrow victory was a surprise to many, frankly, including the three of us.‎ That’s how I got my first taste of the power of what’s now called Collective Intelligence. With the right model for how we meet, we become more valuable together than apart.‎ When a group commits to supporting each other by meeting regularly and acting by mutually agreed upon rules of engagement, remarkable things will happen. We tend to bring the best out in each other, as thousands have learned around the world through their mastermind groups. Individuals become tight-knit teams. We become happier and higher-performing with and for each other. It is never too late for you to start your own mastermind group of no more than seven members around a strong sweet spot of mutual interest, which will definitely evolve into something different and more meaningful over the years.‎ ‎4. Why was it a surprising decision for the author to run for president?‎ A. She was lonely then. B. She was popular.‎ C. She was not very outgoing. D. She often daydreams.‎ ‎5. What’s the way of Denise’s sister?‎ - 22 -‎ A. Helping hand out posters.‎ B. Looking for influential people.‎ C. Helping learn from others.‎ D. Helping have public campaigns.‎ ‎6. How did the author beat Claire?‎ A. Mainly by doing something for others’ interests.‎ B. Mainly by getting help from Denise’s sister.‎ C. Mainly by using her great communicative ability.‎ D. Mainly by making use of group intelligence.‎ ‎7. What can be the best title for the text?‎ A. Path to Greater Success and Friendship B. Methods to Be Student Body President C. Effective Ways to Find Good Friends D. Clever Ways to Get Support from Others ‎【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。内向的作者为了不让对自己不礼貌的Claire当选学生会主席，勉强参加而且赢得了竞选。这得益于集思广益的竞选策略，作者也因此体会到集体智慧的力量。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中“To run for student body president is not a surprising decision for most outgoing and popular people. But in fact, I tended to daydream, read books that were not on the required list, and sat at the table at the cafeteria with the only two friends I had, Denise and Janice.”可知，对大部分外向和受欢迎的学生来说竞选学生会主席并不意外，但是作者是一个喜欢做梦及读闲书的人，只有两个朋友，由此可知，作者性格内向，所以参加竞选是一个令人惊讶的决定。故选C项。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“It meant that we looked for students who were most likely to influence a group of other students.”可知，Denise的姐姐的策略是先找有影响力的学生。故选B项。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ - 22 -‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“That’s how I got my first taste of the power of what’s now called Collective Intelligence.”可知，作者竞选成功是得益于集体智慧。故选D项。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲作者为了不让对自己不礼貌的Claire当选学生会主席，勉强参加竞选，和朋友组成了智囊小组集思广益，最终赢得竞选，作者也因此体会到集体智慧的力量。A项“通向成功和友谊的道路”为短文最佳标题。故选A项。‎ C Workers are returning to their careers, or starting new ones after age 65.‎ More than ever, work is where many of us get our sense of purpose. That doesn’t end at age 65. After being retired for only three months, Sue Ellen King returned to work at the University of Florida Health in Jacksonville, Florida, where she had been a care nurse and nursing educator for 38 years. She is now working part-time in a position created just for her. “It’s perfect,” she told The New York Times. “I get the satisfaction of having people appreciate what I do.” With the average life span for those who reach age 64 now getting all the way to 84 years old, those who reach retirement age still have many potential years of work to go.‎ Job sites connected toward part-timers, temporary positions, and some can also turn up opportunities that may lead to longer-term work. Fred Dodd tried a part-time job after his unemployment as a clerk for large banks at age 63. He’d thought about retiring then. “But part of me just wanted to keep working partly for the money, but more just because I felt I wanted to do more in my career,” he said.‎ The retired have the advantage of not needing to focus on the earnings potential of whatever jobs they take on, so these older workers are attracted to more meaningful work. And since they are voluntarily putting their skills and experience to good use, they may well have more flexibility than mid-career people. Two-thirds of retirees who’d come back to the work world were doing meaningful work they enjoyed. Legal work and community service were popular choices, as was teaching—all areas in which older workers might have an opportunity to make their own schedules.‎ Earning more money rarely seems like a bad idea, but it can cause issues for retirees, including effects when they claim Social Security (申请社会保障) benefits early.‎ ‎8. How does Sue Ellen King like her work?‎ A. Interesting. B. Satisfying.‎ - 22 -‎ C. Boring. D. Encouraging.‎ ‎9. What does the second paragraph mainly tell us?‎ A. Giving an example of successful returning to work after retirement.‎ B. Why Sue Ellen King found a nursing job.‎ C. What is Sue Ellen King’s work.‎ D. Giving an example of working full-time in a university.‎ ‎10. What was the main reason for Fred to have a part-time job?‎ A. He was out of work. B. He could help large banks.‎ C. He had personal crisis. D. He liked continuing working.‎ ‎11. Why do the retired like meaningful jobs?‎ A. These jobs have more flexibility.‎ B. These jobs have lots of potential.‎ C. They don’t care much for salary.‎ D. They can’t do very hard jobs.‎ ‎【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了65岁（退休）以后，工人们开始重返自己的职业生涯，或者开始新的职业生涯这一社会现象。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段的“It’s perfect,” she told The New York Times. “I get the satisfaction of having people appreciate what I do.” “太完美了，”她告诉《纽约时报》。“人们欣赏我所做的事情，让我感到满足。”可知，Sue Ellen King对她的工作很满意。故选B。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。第二段主要以休·艾伦·金为例，介绍她在退休三个月后，回到位于佛罗里达州杰克逊维尔的佛罗里达大学健康中心工作，她在那里做了38年的护理护士和护理教育工作者。她在重返工作岗位后，感到非常满足。由此可知，本段主要是给出一个退休后，成功重返工作岗位的例子。故选A。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段的“But part of me just wanted to keep working partly for the money, but more just because I felt I wanted to do more in my career,” he said. “‎ - 22 -‎ 但我想继续工作，一方面是为了钱，但更多的是因为我觉得自己想在职业生涯中做得更多，”他说。可知，他做兼职工作是因为他喜欢继续工作。故选D。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段的The retired have the advantage of not needing to focus on the earnings potential of whatever jobs they take on, so these older workers are attracted to more meaningful work. 退休人员的优势在于，不管他们从事什么工作，他们都不需要关注潜在的收入，所以这些年长的员工会被更有意义的工作所吸引。可知，退休人员关注有益的工作是因为他们不需要关注收入。故选C。‎ D A new Japanese research has suggested that regularly eating mushrooms could help lower the risk of cancer. The researchers found that the men who consumed mushrooms once or twice a week had an 8 percent lower risk of developing cancer, regardless of how much fruit and vegetables, or meat and dairy products they ate—compared to those who ate mushrooms less than once per week. Eating mushrooms more often appeared to bring even bigger benefits, with those who consumed mushrooms three or more times per week showing a 17 percent lower risk than those who ate mushrooms less than once a week.‎ Eating mushrooms also appeared to be particularly beneficial among those who ate a large amount of meat and dairy products, little fruit and few vegetables. The findings, published in the International Journal of Cancer, are the first to suggest that there may be an association between eating mushrooms and a lower risk of cancer.‎ ‎“Test-tube studies and studies conducted on living organisms have shown that mushrooms have the potential to prevent cancer” said lead researcher Shu Zhang. “To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study indicating the cancer-preventive potential of mushrooms at a population level.” Zhang added that, “mushrooms are a good source of vitamins, minerals and antioxidants, especially L-ergothioneine,” which is believed to help fight against stress, and that is cell imbalance caused by lifestyle choices such as poor diets and exposure to environmental poisons. This imbalance can lead to chronic inflammation, resulting in chronic diseases such as cancer.‎ ‎“Considering the average American consumes less than 5 grams of mushrooms per day, which is lower than that consumed by the participants in this study (‎7.6 g/day), one would expect that even a small increase in mushroom consumption can offer potential health benefits,” said Zhang. However,‎ - 22 -‎ ‎ Zhang added that, “Although our study suggests regular consumption of mushrooms may reduce the risk of cancer, we also want to emphasize that eating a healthy and balanced diet is much more important than filling your shopping basket with mushrooms.”‎ ‎12. What is the new Japanese research about?‎ A. Healthy lifestyle reduces the risk of cancer.‎ B. Often eating mushrooms reduces the risk of cancer.‎ C. Drinking dairy products is good for our health.‎ D. Eating fruit and vegetables makes us healthier.‎ ‎13. Who seem to especially benefit from eating mushrooms?‎ A. People who are over fat and having a poor diet.‎ B. People who are feeling over stressed.‎ C. People who consume much meat but few vegetables and little fruit.‎ D. People who consume many dairy products and suffer cancer.‎ ‎14. Why can the mushroom help reduce the risk of cancer?‎ A. It avoids the stress from a disease.‎ B. It reduces environmental poisons.‎ C. It hell helps reduce weight.‎ D. It has a source of cancer-preventive.‎ ‎15. What does the underlined word “inflammation” probably means?‎ A. A state of being physically healthy.‎ B. A state of keeping body balance.‎ C. A physical condition that someone needs to be on a diet.‎ D. A condition that a part of the body becomes red, sore and swollen.‎ ‎【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项最新日本研究：有规律的吃蘑菇可以帮助降低癌症风险。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段A new Japanese research has suggested that regularly eating mushrooms could help lower the risk of cancer.‎ - 22 -‎ 得知一项新的日本研究表明有规律的吃蘑菇可以帮助降低癌症风险。所以新的日本研究发现多吃蘑菇减少患癌症风险。故选B。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段Eating mushrooms also appeared to be particularly beneficial among those who ate a large amount of meat and dairy products, little fruit and few vegetables.得知，吃蘑菇对于那些吃很多肉但是很少蔬菜和水果的人有益。故选C。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段“To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study indicating the cancer-preventive potential of mushrooms at a population level.”得知，据我们所知 ，这是第一项显示蘑菇的预防癌症潜力的研究。因为蘑菇含有防癌的来源。故选D。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第三段This imbalance can lead to chronic inflammation, resulting in chronic diseases such as cancer.这种不平衡会导致慢性炎症，结果是慢性疾病例如癌症。划线词是不平衡导致的，用排除法得知A. 身体健康状况 ；B. 保持身体平衡状态 ；C.某人需要节食的身体状况，三个选项都不符合癌症的特征，D.一个身体部分变红、变疼变肿胀的状况是炎症的症状。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】猜测词义题在高考中有三种考查形式：生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测一句话的意思、指代关系猜词（代词或者名词）。从近三年考查形势看，三种考查方式同等重要。本文中考查的是指代关系猜测。这种题型的解法主要是在代词前找到代词的指代关系。例如本文第二题，由代词所在句子的位置，可知代词指代是上一段的内容。我们再从上一段内容的中心思想，就可以推断出代词指代什么内容。上一段解决的是“游泳池的入口”问题，并且这刚好也是游泳池的一个独特技术。故选D。‎ 词义猜测题高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为 ‎① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或that's to say，such as等。‎ ‎② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly, the same as, but, however, while, on the other hand, since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。‎ ‎③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。‎ - 22 -‎ ‎④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。‎ ‎⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。‎ 如第4小题，根据第三段This imbalance can lead to chronic inflammation, resulting in chronic diseases such as cancer.这种不平衡会导致慢性炎症，结果是慢性疾病例如癌症。划线词是不平衡导致的，用排除法得知A. 身体健康状况 ；B. 保持身体平衡状态 ；C.某人需要节食的身体状况，三个选项都不符合癌症的特征，D.一个身体部分变红、变疼变肿胀的状况是炎症的症状。Imbalance不平衡和disease疾病得知是生病的症状。故选D。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ How to Improve Your Mental and Emotional Health Your mental health and emotional well-being are important aspects of your overall health. In fact, they are just as important as your physical health. Your mental health can be affected by medical conditions such as depression. ____16____ No matter what your situation is, you can take steps to improve your mental and emotional health.‎ Have fun. Experts say that playing might actually be good for you. A great way to boost your mood is to make time to do something fun. Think of some new ways to enjoy yourself. Organize a game night. Invite your friends over for board games or cards. Head to the park. Swinging is just as much fun for adults as it is for kids. Make more jokes. Try something as simple as saying ''Lovely weather, isn't it?'' while you're waiting for the bus in a heavy rain. ____17____‎ ‎____18____ Try to get in touch with your artistic side. Creative activities can be very therapeutic (治疗的), and can also serve as mood boosters. Consider sketching as a relaxing activity. Take an art class. Contact your local community center for details. This would also be a great way to make new friends. Get a coloring book. Kids aren't the only ones who enjoy coloring. Adult coloring books can help you relax. Listen to music. Or, learn to play an instrument. You could find a group class or hire an individual teacher.‎ - 22 -‎ Volunteer. Giving back to others is a great way to make yourself feel good. Volunteering can boost your mood and improve your emotional health. Plus, it's important to help others. ____19____ Choose something that interests you. For example, if you love animals, consider volunteering at your local animal shelter. ____20____. You might even make some new friends!‎ A. Be creative.‎ B. It's a win-win situation.‎ C. Try to get in touch with your music side.‎ D. It is a great way to improve your confidence.‎ E. Volunteering can also serve as a way to meet new people.‎ F. It may not be original, but the act can improve your mood.‎ G. Environmental factors, such as your job, also make an impact.‎ ‎【答案】16. G 17. F 18. A 19. B 20. E ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要给读者介绍了一些改善自己心理和情绪健康的方法。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 上文Your mental health can be affected by medical conditions such as depression.(你的心理健康可能受到抑郁等疾病的影响)与G. Environmental factors, such as your job, also make an impact.(环境因素，例如你的工作，也会有影响)承接自然，由also看出上文构成明显的并列关系，affect和impact是关键词，故选G项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 上文Try something as simple as saying ''Lovely weather, isn't it?'' while you’re waiting for the bus in a heavy rain.(试着在大雨中等车的时候简单地说一句“天气很好，不是吗？”)与F. It may not be original, but the act can improve your mood.(这可能不是独创的，但是这种行为可以改善你的情绪)承接自然，选项的act就指代上文中所提到的在雨中等候时说“天气很好，不是吗？”的这种行为，故选F项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据段落结构可知，此处是本段的中心句。根据下文的Try to get in touch with your artistic side. Creative activities can be very therapeutic (治疗的), and can also serve as mood boosters. (发现你艺术的一面。创造性的活动有很好的治疗效果，同时也是一个心情助推器)可知，本段主要建议人们参加具有创造性的活动。A. Be creative.(要有创意)可以作为本段中心句，此外creative - 22 -‎ 是关键词，故选A项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 上文Volunteering can boost your mood and improve your emotional health. Plus, it's important to help others.(志愿者活动可以提高你的情绪，改善你的情绪健康。此外，这对帮助别人也很重要)与B. It's a win-win situation.(它是一个双赢的情况)承接自然，因为志愿者活动对自己的情绪和帮助他人都有好处，所以它是一个双赢的情况，故选B项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 下文You might even make some new friends!(你甚至可以交到新朋友)与E. Volunteering can also serve as a way to meet new people.(志愿者活动也是认识新的人的一种方式)承接自然，因为认识了新的人，才有可能交新的朋友，此外new是关键词，故选E项。‎ 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Two mayors made a bet on the outcome of the Vegetable Bowl, the annual football game between their high school teams. If Arvada's team ____21____, the mayor of Arvada would send the mayor of Boulder ten pounds of sliced potatoes, ____22____ for frying. If Boulder's team didn’t win, the mayor would ____23____ ten pounds of sliced ____24____, prepared for sandwiches or salads.‎ ‎____25____, before the game started, the mayor of Boulder ____26____ the Arvada mayor tell someone else something rude about their tomatoes. Arvada mayor said, ''They ____27____ the worst tomatoes. If they lose and send us their tomatoes, I'm going to give them all to my ____28____.'' The mayor of Boulder was ____29____ to hear this, because he thought Boulder's tomatoes were the _____30_____ in the state. So he gave the _____31_____ some thought. The following week, the big game was _____32_____. Boulder lost its star player in the first half when he tripped over a cheerleader (拉拉队长) and _____33_____ his big toe. The _____34_____ star player watched the rest of the game from the bench. His team ended up _____35_____, 38 to 12. The two mayors shook hands after the game, and the Arvada mayor said, ''I'm really looking forward to those tomatoes. '' As the Boulder team left the stadium, some _____36_____ fans threw ripe tomatoes at them.‎ A week later, the mayor of Arvada received a package of _____37_____ sliced tomatoes. He took them_____38_____ to his pig, which gobbled (狼吞虎咽) them right up. That night the mayor of ‎ - 22 -‎ Boulder _____39_____ his wife if Arvada's mayor had called. ''No, '' she said. ''Why? '' ''Because I _____40_____ a pint of hot sauce (辣椒酱) into the tomatoes and I want to know how his pig's doing. ''‎ ‎21 A‎. lost B. challenged C. cooperate D. delayed ‎22. A. eager B. read C. anxious D. essential ‎23. A. threw B. lend C. send D. sell ‎24. A. potatoes B. tomatoes C. onions D. carrots ‎25. A. Besides B. Therefore C. Finally D. Unfortunately ‎26. A. overheard B. overlooked C. observed D. overcame ‎27. A. preserve B. pick C. grow D. fry ‎28. A. players B. pigs C. coach D. wife ‎29. A. hopeless B. bad C. upset D. excited ‎30. A. best B. only C. same D. whole ‎31. A. match B. mayor C. team D. matter ‎32. A. benefited B. won C. played D. delayed ‎33. A. bled B. sprained C. squeeze D. healed ‎34. A. depressed B. astonished C. anxious D. faithful ‎35. A. hoping B. losing C. working D. competing ‎36. A. curious B. typical C. ambitious D. unhappy ‎37. A. positively B. cautiously C. beautifully D. ridiculous ‎38. A. straight B. down C. sincerely D. independently ‎39. A. asked B. blamed C. informed D. texted ‎40. A. sent B. transported C. dissolved D. mixed ‎【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. A 40. D ‎【解析】‎ - 22 -‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两个市的市长用足球队的输赢作为赌注，输了的一方要按要求给另一方‎10磅切片土豆（‎10磅切片番茄）。比赛如期进行，但博尔特市的主力球星因为扭伤了大脚趾，他所在的队以12比38输给了瓦尔达队。博尔特的市长按约定送给瓦尔达市长‎10磅切片西红柿，但为了发泄自己的愤怒在里面混入了辣椒酱。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果阿瓦达的球队输了，阿瓦达的市长就要给博尔德的市‎10磅切好的、可以炸的土豆片。A. lost输；B. challenged挑战；C. cooperate合作；D. delayed推迟。根据下文的the mayor of Arvada would send the mayor of Boulder ten pounds of sliced potatoes可知此处用“输”符合语境，且下文的If Boulder’s team didn’t win也有暗示，lose和not win是同义词复现，故选A项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果阿瓦达的球队输了，阿瓦达的市长就要给博尔德的市长‎10磅切好的、可以炸的土豆片。A. eager渴望的；B. ready准备好的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. essential基本的。根据上文的sliced可推测，博尔德市要求土豆已经完成切片并且马上可以炸，且下文的prepared for sandwiches or salads.也有暗示，ready和prepared是同义词复现，故选B项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果博尔德的球队输了，博尔德市长要送十磅可以做三明治或者沙拉的西红柿切片。A. threw扔；B. lend借；C. send送；D. sell卖。根据上文的the mayor of Arvada would send the mayor of Boulder ten pounds of sliced potatoes可知此处用“送”符合语境，send是原词复现，故选C项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果博尔德的球队输了，博尔德市长要送十磅可以做三明治或者沙拉的西红柿切片。A. potatoes土豆；B. tomatoes西红柿；C. onions洋葱；D. carrots胡萝卜。根据下文的Because I ____20____ a pint of hot sauce (辣椒酱) into the tomatoes and I want to know how his pig's doing.可知此处用“西红柿”符合语境，tomato是原词复现，故选B项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，比赛开始之前，博尔德市长偷听到阿瓦达市长对别人讲了他们西红柿的坏话。A. Besides此外；B. Therefore因此；C. Finally最终；D. Unfortunately不幸地。根据下文的the mayor of Boulder ____6____ the Arvada mayor tell someone else something rude about their tomatoes.可知糟糕的事情意外地发生了，用“不幸地”符合语境，故选D项。‎ - 22 -‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，比赛开始之前，博尔德市长无意听到阿瓦达市长对别人讲了他们西红柿的坏话。A. overheard无意听到；B. overlooked忽略；C. observed观察；D. overcame克服。根据句意以及下文的The mayor of Boulder was ____9____ to hear this可知此处用“无意听到”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿瓦达的市长说：“他们种的西红柿最糟糕。如果他们输了，我会把他们送的西红柿都倒给我的猪。”A. preserve保存；B. pick摘；C. grow种植；D. fry炸。根据句意可知，此处用“种植”符合语境，故选C项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：阿瓦达的市长说：“他们那儿长的西红柿最糟糕。如果他们输了，我会把他们送的西红柿都倒给我的猪。” A. players选手；B. pigs猪；C. coach教练；D. wife妻子。根据下文的He took them____18____ to his pig,可知此处用“猪”符合语境，pig是原词复现，故选B项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：博尔德的市长听了这些很不高兴，因为他认为博尔德市的西红柿是全国最好的。A. hopeless没有希望的；B. bad不好的；C. upset不高兴的；D. excited兴奋的。根据上文的worst tomatoes可知此处用“不高兴的”符合语境，故选C项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：博尔德的市长听了这些很不高兴，因为他认为博尔德市的西红柿是全国最好的。A. best最好的；B. only唯一的；C. same相同的；D. whole全部的。根据句意再结合上文的They ____7____ the worst tomatoes可知此处用“最好的”符合语境，best和worst是反义词复现，故选A项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，他把这件事情想了又想。A. match比赛；B. mayor市长；C. team队；D. matter事情。结合上下文可知，此处是指博尔德的市长把阿瓦达市长说他们的西红柿是最糟糕的这件事想了又想，故选D项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一周后，比赛如期举行。A. benefited对……有益；B. won赢得；C. played进行（比赛）；D. delayed推迟。根据the big game - 22 -‎ 可知此处用“进行（比赛）”符合语境，故选C项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：博尔德在前半场比赛时失去了他的主力球星，那时他在啦啦队长身上绊倒并扭伤大脚趾。A. bled流血；B. sprained扭伤；C. squeeze挤压；D. healed治愈。根据下文的star player watched the rest of the game from the bench可推测主力球星的大脚趾扭伤了，故选B项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查形容词义辨析。句意：沮丧的主力球星坐在板凳上观看剩下的比赛。A. depressed沮丧的；B. astonished震惊的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. faithful忠诚的。根据上文的its star player in the first half when he tripped over a cheerleader (拉拉队长) and ____13____ his big toe.可推测主力球星因为不能参加比赛而沮丧，故选A项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的队最终输了，12比38。A. hoping希望；B. losing输；C. working工作；D. competing竞赛。根据下文的A week later, the mayor of Arvada received a package of ____17____ sliced tomatoes.可知博尔德球队输了，故选B项。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：博尔德球队离场，一些不满的球迷向他们抛掷熟的西红柿。A. curious好奇的；B. typical典型的；C. ambitious有抱负的；D. unhappy不高兴的，不满的。根据下文的threw ripe tomatoes at them.可推测这是一些不满的球迷的行为，故选D项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：一个星期后，阿瓦达的市长收到一个装满精美切片西红柿的包裹。A. positively积极地；B. cautiously警惕地；C. beautifully美丽地；D. ridiculous荒谬地。根据下文的Because I ____20____ a pint of hot sauce (辣椒酱) into the tomatoes and I want to know how his pig's doing.可推测，博尔德市长把西红柿片切地很漂亮是为了在里面混入辣椒酱，而不被察觉，故选C项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他把它们径直倒给了他的猪，猪很快就狼吞虎咽地把它们吃完了。A. straight径直地；B. down向下；C. sincerely衷心地；D. independently独立地。根据上文的I'm going to give them all to my ____8____可知此处用“径直地”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ - 22 -‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上博尔特的市长问他的妻子，阿瓦达的市长是否打来电话。A. asked问；B. blamed责备；C. informed通知，告知；D. texted发短信。根据下文的if Arvada’s mayor had called.可知此处用“问”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为我在西红柿切片里面混合了一品脱的辣椒酱，我想看看猪吃后反应如何？A. sent送；B. transported运输；C. dissolved溶解；D. mixed混合。根据下文的a pint of hot sauce (辣椒酱) into the tomatoes可知博尔德的市长在西红柿切片里混合了辣椒酱，故选D项。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Dogs, just like humans, can get cold when the temperature starts to drop. We can wear coats or hats, but dogs don't really have them ____41____ they just refuse to wear them. If you live in a cold climate, it will be important ____42____ (know) your dog's limits and how you can keep them safe and warm.‎ Actually, when it is too cold for dogs to go outside heavily depends upon the dog's size, coat ____43____ (thick), color and other ____44____ (factor), but in general, when the temperature hits below 32 degrees Fahrenheit (华氏温度), dogs can actually start to get hurt from ____45____ cold.‎ In many parts of the world, the temperature ____46____ (remain) below 32 degrees for several months at a time. Since dogs ____47____ (obvious) can’t stay inside all day during the winter season, the most important thing to remember is to pay attention to your dogs when you take them out. They will typically let you know if they are not ____48____ (comfort).‎ If your dog isn't a breed (品种) that can bear the cold well, ____49____ (get) them a coat can be helpful. Make sure that the coat is warm but still allows your dog to have a full range _____50_____ motion.‎ ‎【答案】41. or 42. to know ‎ ‎43. thickness ‎ ‎44. factors ‎ ‎45. the 46. remains ‎ ‎47. obviously ‎ ‎48. comfortable ‎ - 22 -‎ ‎49. getting ‎ ‎50. of ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了是否给狗穿外衣取决于很多方面，我们要多关注它们。如果确实需要给它们穿外衣，要确保它们穿起来是舒服的。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查并列连词。句意：我们可以穿衣服或戴帽子，但狗真的不需要它们，或者它们拒绝穿上外衣。根据句可知，上下文讲述了两种情况，它们是二选其一的关系，此处用并列连词or“或者”符合语境，故填or。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处考查固定句型it is + adj. + to do sth.“做某事是……”，其中it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语，故填to know。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查名词。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作为介词upon的宾语，coat thickness“衣服厚度”，故填thickness。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查名词的数。factor是可数名词，根据other判断此处应填名词复数形式，故填factors。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：当温度降到32华氏度以下时，狗实际上会开始受到寒冷的伤害。根据句意可知，此处特指32华氏度以下的寒冷，应用定冠词，故填the。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查时态。分析句子可知，此处是句子谓语动词，结合语境可知此处讲述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语the temperature不可数，谓语动词应用一般现在时第三单人称单数形式，故填remains。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词短语stay inside，故填obviously。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查形容词。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词作为表语，故填comfortable。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查动名词。分析句子可知，此处应用动名词作为句子主语，故填getting。‎ - 22 -‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查介词。此处考查固定短语a full range of“全方位的”，have a full range of motion“有充分的运动范围”，故填of。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ I was so sorry to know you’re having so a bad time at the moment. The truth is everyone will have a bad time when things seem to being wrong. The important thing is to learn to control your temper.‎ First, you are supposing to talk to someone you trust about how you feel. This is a good way on which you can let your anger out without hurting others or themselves. Second, playing team games with your friends as physical exercise is an effective way to get the rid of anger. And third, remain optimistically about your future. A positive attitude towards life can be of great help with your spirit.‎ ‎【答案】1. was → am ‎ ‎2. so → such ‎3. is后加that ‎4. being → be ‎5. supposing → supposed ‎6. on → in ‎7 themselves → yourselves ‎8. 删除get后的the ‎9. optimistically → optimistic ‎10. spirit → spirits ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ - 22 -‎ 这是一封书信。在书信里作者给对方一些如何控制自己脾气的方法，以此度过一些艰难时光。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查时态。结合上下文语境和are判断此处用一般现在时，主语为I，故将was改为am。‎ ‎2.考查形容词。a bad time“艰难的时光”的中心词是名词time，应用such修饰，故将so改为such。‎ ‎3.考查连接词。分析句子可知，此处是表语从句的连接词，从句成分和意义都完整，应用连接词that，且引导表语从句的that不能省，故在is后加that。‎ ‎4.考查固定短语。此处考查固定短语seem to be“似乎是……”，to后应用动词原形，故将being改为be。‎ ‎5.考查固定短语。此处考查固定短语be supposed to do sth.“应该做某事”，应用suppose的过去分词，故将supposing改为supposed。‎ ‎6.考查定语从句。此处考查当先行词是way时，关系词用that/ in which/不填，故在on改成in。‎ ‎7.考查代词。句意：这是一个你们可以发泄你们的愤怒而不伤害到别人或你们自己的好方法。根据句意可知，此处用yourselves“你们自己”符合语境，故将themselves改为yourselves。‎ ‎8.考查冠词。此处是固定短语get rid of“摆脱”，该短语中没有定冠词，故删除get后的the。‎ ‎9.考查形容词。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词作为系动词remain“保持”表语，故将optimistically改为optimistic。‎ ‎10.考查名词的数。spirit“精神（状态）”是可数名词，结合语境判断此处用其复数形式，故将spirit改为spirits。‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，你收到英国网友Mary的一封来信，询问爱好方面的问题。请根据以下提示回信。内容包括：‎ ‎1. 人人都需要有爱好；‎ ‎2. 拥有良好爱好的益处；‎ ‎3. 谈谈你自己的爱好及原因。‎ 注意：1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ - 22 -‎ ‎3. 开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Mary,‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours Li Hi ‎【答案】Dear Mary,‎ I am very glad to hear from you. Everybody of us needs to have a hobby. Sports, music, traveling, reading and even cooking can be enjoyed as long as we love it.‎ Actually, hobbies are for the purpose of resisting boring time in our daily life. According to a study, spending time on your own hobbies leads to more focus and more efficient in your study or work. A hobby fuels you extra energy and excitement. I find that when you are doing your hobby, creativity maybe comes to you unexpectedly.‎ As for me my favourite is cooking. Student as I am, I thinks it is a great enjoyment for me.‎ Yours,‎ Li hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生给网友Mary写信，询问她爱好方面的问题。‎ ‎【详解】体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主 结构：总分总 ‎ 要求：‎ ‎1. 人人都需要有爱好；‎ ‎2. 拥有良好爱好的益处；‎ ‎3. 谈谈你自己的爱好及原因。‎ - 22 -‎ 第二步：列提纲（重点词组）‎ be glad to do sth./ as long as/ for the purpose of/ daily life/ spend…on/ lead to/ focus on/ reason for 第三步：连词成句 ‎1. Receiving your last letter made me feel very happy. ‎ ‎2. As is known to all, everybody needs to have a hobby. ‎ ‎3. Sports, music, traveling, reading and even cooking can be enjoyed as long as we love it.‎ ‎4. Actually, hobbies can drive boring time away in our daily life. ‎ ‎5. According to a study, spending time on your own hobbies can make you more focused and efficient in your study or work. ‎ ‎6. A hobby fuels you extra energy and excitement. ‎ ‎7. I find that when doing things you love, creativity maybe comes to you unexpectedly.‎ ‎8. As for me, cooking is my favorite. ‎ ‎9. Student as I am, I thinks it is a great enjoyment for me.‎ 第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）‎ 表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so…‎ 状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although…‎ 定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where…‎ 第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：Sports, music, traveling, reading and even cooking can be enjoyed as long as we love it.中as long as引导条件状语从句；I find that when you are doing your hobby, creativity maybe comes to you unexpectedly.中that引导宾语从句，when引导时间状语从句。‎ - 22 -‎