高考英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit2TheOlympicGames教师用书新人教版必修2 11页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 Unit 2 The Olympic Games Ⅰ.写作单词——会拼写 1．volunteer n． 志愿者；志愿兵 adj. 志愿的；义务的 vt.&vi. 自愿 2．replace vt. 取代；替换；代替 3．charge vt.&vi. 收费；控诉 n. 费用；主管 4．pain n. 疼痛；痛苦 5．bargain vi. 讨价还价；讲条件 n. 便宜货 6．deserve vi.&vt. 应受(报答或惩罚)；值得 7．basis n. 基础；根据 8．compete vi. 比赛；竞争 →competitor n. 竞争者 →competitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争性的 9．regular adj. 规则的；定期的；常规的 →regularly adv. 定期地；有规律地 →regulation n. 规则；规章制度 10．admit vt.&vi. 容许；承认；接纳 →admission n. 承认；入场费；进入许可 11．slave n. 奴隶 →slavery n. 奴隶制度；奴隶身份 12．host vt. 做东；主办；招待 n. 主人 →hostess n. 女主人；女老板；女房东 13．responsible adj. 有责任心的 →responsibility n. 责任；职责 14．advertise vt.&vi. 做广告；登广告 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 →advertiser n. 广告商 →advertisement n. 广告 15．hope n．&v. 希望；期望 →hopeful adj. 有希望的 →hopeless adj. 没有希望的；绝望的 Ⅱ.阅读单词——要识记 16．ancient adj. 古代的；古老的 17．magical adj. 巫术的；魔术的；有魔力的 18．swift adj. 快的；迅速的 19．physical adj. 物理的；身体的 20．fine vt. 罚款 高频短语——会默写 1．stand for 代表；象征；表示 2．in charge 主管；看管 3．every four years 每四年 4．be admitted as... 作为……被接受 5．pick up 捡起 6．as a matter of fact 事实上 7．take part in 参加；参与 8．as well 也；又；还 9．one after another 陆续地；一个接一个地 10．play an important role in 在……中起重要作用 教材原句——会背诵 句式仿写——能应用 1.No other countries could join in，nor could slaves or women！(nor 引导倒装句) 1.她不会说这种语言，也不会写。 She couldn't speak the language，nor could she write it. 2.Women are not only allowed，but play a very important role in gymnastics ， athletics ， team sports and...(not only...but (also) ． ..“ 不 仅 …… 而 且……”，用来连接并列成分) 2.一方面，这不仅有助于我们强身健体， 而且反过来有助于更有效地学习。 For one thing，it not only helps to build up our strength but also helps us learn more effectively in turn. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 3.There's as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.(as...as...“ 和 …… 一 样……”，为同级比较) 3.他没有收集到写书所需要的那么多信 息。 He didn't collect as much information as he needed for his book. 4.This is important because the more you speak English，the better your English will become.(“the＋比较级(...)，the＋ 比较级(...)”意为“越……就越……”) 4.你对这些孩子说得越多，他们听进去 的就越少。 The more you talk to the children， the less they will listen. 精讲 5 个考纲单词 compete vi.比赛；竞争 [经典例句] We can't compete with them on price. 我们在价格上无法与他们竞争。 (1)compete in 参加……比赛；在……方面竞争 compete for 为……而竞争 compete with/against...for 为争取……而与……对抗/竞争 (2)competition n. 比赛 competitive adj. 有竞争力的 competitor n. 竞争者；对手 ①He holds the firm belief that he will compete in the Winter Olympics in Beijing in 2022. 他相信他会参加 2022 年北京冬奥会。 ②Young children will usually compete for their mothers' attention. 小孩通常都会在母亲面前争宠。 [链接写作] 完成句子 我们可以和来自其他大学的学生在辩论比赛或演讲比赛中竞争。(2014 年天津高考·书 面表达) We can compete with students from other universities in debate contests or speech contests. admit vt. & vi.容许；承认；接纳 [教材原句] Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 will be admitted as competitors.只有达到他们各自项目统一标准的运动员才会被接受参 加奥运会。 (1)admit doing/having done/that... 承认…… admit sb./sth.to be 承认某人/某物…… (2)admit sb.to/into... 准许某人进入/加入/入学 (入院) be admitted to/into 被接纳进入；被录取到…… (3)admission n. 准许进入；入场费；承认 ①I don't really like the author，although I have to admit his books are very exciting.(2014 年山东高考·单项选择)虽然我不得不承认他的书很令人振奋，但我真的不 喜欢这位作者。 ②The young man had to admit having driven (drive) without a driving permit. 这个年轻人不得不承认无证驾驶。 【导学号：30892037】 [熟词生义] 写出加黑单词在语境中的含义。 The dining hall to be completed next month can admit 1，000 students.容纳 replace vt.取代；替换；代替；把……放回原处 [高考佳句] A code uses symbols to replace words，phrases，or sentences.(2016 年全国乙卷·阅读七选五) 一类密码使用符号代替单词、短语或句子。 (1)replace sth. with/by sth. 用……替换…… take the place of＝take one's place 代替 (2)in place of 代替 ①It is generally believed that teachers will never be replaced by computers in class. 人们普遍认为在课堂上电脑永远不会取代老师。 ②It is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with snacks. 不吃正餐，改吃点心，这不是什么好主意。 [链接写作] 一句多译 找一个人来代替现在的经理是不容易的。 ①It would be difficult to find a man in place of the present manager． ②It would be difficult to find a man to replace the present manager． 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 ③It would be difficult to find a man to take the place of the present manager． charge vt.&vi.收费；控诉；充电 n．费用；主管 [高考佳句] I wonder how much you will charge me for the sixweek course.(2014 年全国卷Ⅰ·书面表达)我想知道这为期六周的课程您向我收费多少。 (1)charge sb. for sth. 为某物向某人收取费用 charge sb. with (doing) sth. 控告某人(做)某事 (2)take charge of 掌管/负责…… in charge of 控制/管理…… in the charge of 受……的管理 (3)free of charge 免费 ①There is a heated discussion on whether museums should charge for admission or not. (人们)就博物馆是否应该收入场费有激烈的争论。 ②The man who had taken charge of the company was charged with taking drugs. 曾经掌管这家公司的那个人被指控吸毒。 [链接写作] 一句多译 汤姆在老板不在时负责这家公司。 ①The company is in the charge of Tom while the boss is away. ②Tom is in charge of the company while the boss is away. ③Tom takes charge of the company while the boss is away. deserve vt. & vi.值得；应得；应受(报答或惩罚) [经典例句] He deserves to be locked up for ever for what he did. 他做了这样的事，应该终身监禁。 deserve to do sth. 应该做某事；值得做某事 deserve to be done＝deserve doing ……值得被做 deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意 ①With many wild animals gradually dying out，the present situation deserves attention. 由于许多野生动物逐渐灭绝，目前形势值得关注。 ②Maria is constantly making efforts；she deserves to achieve (achieve) the goal of entering the key university.玛丽亚一直很努力；她应该达到进入重点大学的目标。 【导学号：30892038】 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 [名师点津] 当物作主语时，deserve 后接 v.ing，主动形式表示被动意义，相当于接 动词不定式的被动形式。need，want，require 作“需要”讲时也有类似用法。 [链接写作] 完成句子 无论一个工作多么普通，但它在社会中都起着重要作用，所以值得我们尊重。 No matter how ordinary a job is，it plays an important part in society and therefore deserves our respect． 诠释 3 个核心短语 take part in 参加；参与 [高考佳句] We will go to take part in the summer camp held by your school this July，which makes us very excited.(2015 年天津高考·书面表达) 我们将去参加今年七月你们学校举行的夏令营，这使我们感到非常兴奋。 (1)take an active part in 积极参加 (2)participate in 参加；参与 (3)play a part in 在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色 ①A lively and caring girl，Anna，takes an active part in social activities. 安娜是一个活泼又有爱心的女孩，她积极参与社会活动。 ②China is playing a more important part in the international affairs. 中国在国际事务中正起着越来越重要的作用。 [链接写作] 完成句子 我渴望参加这么有意义的活动，因为我喜欢读各种各样的书，喜欢与他人分享书。(2015 年重庆高考·写作) I'm eager to take part in such a meaningful activity，for I am into reading all kinds of books and ready to share my books with others. 【导学号：30892039】 as well 也；又；还 New experiences often mean taking some risks，so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.(2016 年北京高考·阅读七选五) 新的经历经常意味着冒险，所以你的大脑也提升了你对风险的忍耐力。 She can sing；she can play the piano as well. 她会唱歌；也会弹钢琴。 (1)as well as 意为“既……又；也，又”，连接两个并列成分，谓语应与前边的主语 保持一致。 (2)as well as 和……一样好 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 (3)may/might as well do sth. 做某事倒也无妨 ①The famous musician，as well as his students，will be invited (invite) to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. 那位著名的音乐家和他的学生被邀请在 2022 年北京冬奥会的开幕式上演出。 ②We can know more about the life of great people as well as history and cultures of other countries．(2015 年浙江高考·书面表达) 我们不但能了解其他国家的历史和文化还能更多地了解伟人的生活。 stand for 代表；象征；表示；主张；支持；容忍 [一词多义] 写出下列句子中 stand for 的含义 ①In China，these knots stand for friendship，love and good luck. 代表 ②We should respect people of all faiths and stand for religious freedom. 支持；主张 ③I will not stand for behavior of that kind in my house. 容忍 ④As we know，pigeons stand for peace. 象征 stand sth./doing sth. 忍受(做)某事 stand by 站在旁边；袖手旁观 stand out 突出；显眼；杰出 stand on one's own feet 自立；不依靠他人 ⑤After several rounds of competition，the little girl stood out because of her excellent spoken English and quick response.经过几轮的比赛，因为她出色的英语口语 和快速的反应能力，那个小女孩脱颖而出。 突破 2 个高考句型 (教材 P10)No other countries could join in，nor could slaves or women! 别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！ (1)“nor/neither＋be 动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”构成倒装句型，表示“……也 不这样”，表示某人或某物也有前面说的情况(否定情况)。 (2)so＋助动词/be 动词/情态动词＋主语，意为“……也是如此”，表示某人或某物也 有前面说的情况(肯定情况)。 (3)so＋主语＋助动词/be 动词/情态动词，表示说话人同意对方的观点或对前文内容加 以强调或肯定，意为“……的确如此”。 (4)如果前面句子的谓语既有肯定又有否定，或者形式不同，就用句型 So it is with.../It is the same with...。 ①Jane won't join us for dinner tonight and nor/neither will Tom. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 简今晚不会和我们一起吃晚饭，汤姆也不会。 ②—Jack is very crazy about Chinese culture and folk music. —So he is and so are you． ——杰克对中国文化和民族音乐非常痴迷。 ——他的确如此，你也是。 【导学号：30892040】 ③He is very clever but he doesn't work hard；it is the same with/so it is with his sister. 他很聪明，但不努力；他姐姐也是这样。 (教材 P16)This is important because the more you speak English，the better your English will become. 这很重要，因为你说英语越多，你的英语水平就越高。 (1)the＋比较级，the＋比较级 越……，就越…… (2)the more...，the less... 越……，越不…… ①The harder you work，the greater progress you will make.你工作越努力，进 步就越大。 ②The more careful you are，the fewer (few) mistakes you will make.你越小心， 犯的错误就会越少。 [多角快练]——练单词 练短语 练句型———————————— 基础考点全面练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Eating properly and exercising (regular) can make one enjoy a healthier and longer life. 2．I regret to inform you that your brother is just the one we'll get someone (replace)． 3．Beijing is the first city (host) the Summer and Winter Olympic Games. 4．She's in a (hope) situation，which we will keep a very close eye on. 5．I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in the sales；it was real bargain. 6．As everybody knows，the (lazy) a person is，the more things he needs to do. 【答案】 1.regularly 2.to replace 3.to host 4.hopeless 5.a 6.lazier Ⅱ.单句改错 1．We invited her to join us in the discussion，but she would not take part in. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 2．Who will take the charge of the company after the manager retires? 【导学号：30892041】 3．After school，the students walked out of the classroom one after other. 4．Even the students who used to disliking English have turned out to be interested in the subject. 【 答 案 】 1. 去 掉 part 后 的 in 2. 去 掉 第 一 个 the 3.other→another 4.disliking→dislike 重难考点多维练 1．admit 多棱镜 (1)单句语法填空 ①She (admit) to Beijing University in 2016，which made her parents very happy. ② (admit) to British universities depends on examination results. ③ Little Tom admitted (cheat) in the examination ， (promise) that he wouldn't do that in future. ④He works very hard in order to get himself (admit) into a key university. (2)一句多译 作为一个男子汉，你应当有勇气承认错误。(admit) ⑤As a man，you should have the courage ． ⑥As a man，you should have the courage ．(admit having done sth.) ⑦As a man，you should have the courage ．(admit＋从句) 【答案】 ①was admitted ②Admission/Being admitted ③having cheated； promising ④admitted ⑤to admit your mistakes ⑥to admit having made mistakes ⑦to admit that you have made mistakes 2．neither/nor/so 相关句型全接触 (1)句型转换(每空一词) ①If you go to the park today，I will go，too. →If you go to the park today， ． ②Mr. Smith never does any reading in the evening，Mrs Smith doesn't read either. → Mr. Smith never does any reading in the evening 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 10 and ． ③They didn't finish the task successfully and were scolded by the boss.So it was with us. →They didn't finish the task successfully and were scolded by the boss. us. (2)完成句子 ④If you don't plan to stay there long in the coming holiday， (我也 不打算在那里待长)． ⑤—I reminded you not to forget the appointment. —— (你确实提醒我了). 【导学号：30892042】 【答案】 ①so will I ②nor/neither does Mrs Smith ③So it is the same with ④nor/neither will I ⑤So you did Ⅰ.课文语法填空 根据 P9－10 课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Pausanias and Li Yan are talking about the similarities and 1. (different) between the ancient and modern Olympics.The ancient Olympic Games were first held in Athens，in 2. only men from the Greece had the right/honour to compete.The champions were awarded olive wreaths 3. prizes.The modern Olympics 4. (start) in 1896.From then on，athletes from all over the world have come to take part in the games every four years.There are two sets of Games—the Summer 5. the Winter Olympics.All countries can take part if their athletes reach the standard 6. (admit) to the games.There are over 250 sports.To host all the 7. (compete)，a special village is 8. (usual) built，with several stadiums， a gymnasium as well as seats for those who watch the games.The winners of the first three places 9. (award) gold，silver and bronze medals.The motto of the Olympic Games is：10. (swift)，Higher and Stronger. 【答案】 1.differences 2.which 3.as 4.started 5.and 6.to be admitted 7.competitors 8.usually 9.are awarded 10.Swifter Ⅱ.高考话题微写作 根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 11 1．奥运五环旗(the Olympic flag)中的五环代表地球上的五大洲。(stand for) 2．任何国家都可以参加奥运会。(take part in) 3．只有达到他们各自统一的标准的运动员才会被接受成为奥运会竞赛选手。(be admitted as) 4．奥运会上也有一些志愿者。(as well) 5．他们为奥运会提供服务，比如，负责所有运动员的食宿问题。(take charge of) 【参考范文】 The five rings in the Olympic flag stand for the five continents on the Earth， which means any country can take part in the Olympic Games.But only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.There are some volunteers as well who offer service for the Olympic Games. For example，taking charge of the accommodation of all the athletes.