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考点六 表示属性、特征、观点或态度的介词
表示属性、特征、观点或态度的介词主要有:of, with, against, in favor of等。
1. An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are ____ it. (2012陕西)
A. against B. for C. to D. with
【答案】A
2. My father warned me _______ going to the West Coast because it was crowed with tourists. (2010天津)
A. by B. on C. for D. against
【答案】D
【解析】warn sb against doing sth意为“警告/提醒某人不要做某事”,符合句意。
3. The wine industry in this area has developed in a special way, __________ little foreign ownership. (2009北京)
A. by B. of C. with D. from
【答案】C
【解析】句意:这个地区的酿酒业发展迅猛,几乎没有外资公司。with意为“带有”,符合句意。
考点七 与动词、名词、形容词或副词搭配的介词
大多数介词都能与动词、名词或形容词搭配使用,注意牢记其搭配形式及意义。
1. 介词与动词的搭配
1. People won’t pay attention to you when they still have a lot of ideas of their own crying
_______ expression. (2014浙江)
A. from B. over C. with D. for
【答案】D
【解析】当人们有自己的想法急需表达的时候,他们不会听你的。cry for意为“急需……,迫切需要……”。
2. You look well. The air and the sea foods in Sanya must _____ you, I suppose. (2010 陕西)
A. agree with B. agree to C. agree on D. agree about
【答案】D
【解析】指气候、食物等“适合某人”用agree with sb。
3. — When did you last heard __________ Jay? (2008湖南)
— He phoned me this morning, and we agreed __________ a time and place to meet.
A. of; to B. about; with C. from; with D. from; on
注意牢记以下搭配:
1. 动词+介词
这种结构常用的有:
1) 动词+for
account for 说明,占据
answer for 对……负责
hunt/look/search for 寻找
wait for 等候
care for 关心,喜欢
cry for 急需
stand for 代表
ask for 请求,要求
apply for 申请
head for 前往
call for 要求
2) 动词+from
learn from 向……学习
hear from 收到……的来信
suffer from 遭受……之苦
depart from 离开
result from 由于
differ from 与……不同
die from 死于
3) 动词+about
argue about 为……争论
enquire about 咨询
quarrel about 为……争吵
speak about 说起
think about 思考
set about 开始,着手
care about 对……感兴趣
hear about 听说
talk about 谈论
worry about 担心
4)动词+with
deal with 处理
meet with 遇到
talk with 与……谈话
compare with 相比较
begin with 始于
agree with 同意(某人的意见),适合
disagree with 不同意
equip with 装备
combine with 与……相结合
5)动词+on
agree on 就……达成协议
focus on 使聚焦,致力于
decide on 对……做出决定
depend on 依赖,依靠
insist on 坚持
rely on 依靠
keep on 继续
carry on 继续
6)动词+of
think of 想到
dream of 梦想
consist of 由……组成
die of 因(病)而死
doubt of 对……怀疑
speak of 谈到
tire of 厌倦
hear of 听说
complain of 抱怨,诉苦
7)动词+in
hand in 交出
bring in 引进
persist in 坚持
succeed in 获成功
result in 导致
trade in 交易
involve in 卷入
engage in 从事
fill in 填写
pour in 涌入
participate in 加入,参与
get in 收获(庄稼)
8)动词+to
come to 到达
stick to 坚持
object to 反对
agree to 答应(计划/想法)
adjust to 适应
attach to 附着于
attend to 处理
belong to 属于
relate to 与……有关
respond to 答复
contribute to 捐助,有助于
see to 照料
adapt to 适应
reply to 答复
attribute to 归因于
9)动词+at
look at 看,关注
laugh at 嘲笑
aim at 针对
gaze at 凝视
wonder at 惊讶
work at 用功,努力
2. 三词动词
1)动词+副词+介词
come up with 想出,提出
come up against 遭遇
come up to 到达
come out with 发表
catch up with 赶上
do away with 废除
drop out of 退出
get down to 认真对待,助手
get on with 与……相处
go in for 喜欢,从事
keep up with 跟上
look forward to 盼望
look up to 崇拜
look down upon 瞧不起
look out for 提防,照料
live up to 不辜负
make up for 弥补
run out of 用完,缺乏
put up with 忍受
stand up to 勇敢面对
2)动词+名词+介词
catch sight of 瞥见
lose sight of 忘记
get rid of 摆脱
make friends with 与……交朋友
make fun of 取笑
make room for 为……腾出地方
lose interest in 丧失信心
pay attention to 注意
show interest in 对……感兴趣
take care of 照顾
take pride in 以……为荣
take part in 参加
巩固练习:
1. After the earthquake, the injured were cared __________ in the local hospitals or taken by air to the hospitals in the neighboring cities.
A. of B. for C. after D. with
【答案】B
【解析】care for是固定搭配,意为“护理”,符合句意。
2. Children need friends __________ their own age to play with.
A. of B. for C. in D. at
【答案】A
【解析】介词短语of their own age作定语,意为“和他们年龄相同的”。
3. — How amazing it is that astronauts are exploring outer space!
— It’s a challenge, I guess, __________ man against nature.
A. of B. for C. by D. about
【答案】A
【解析】I guess是插入语,of man against nature是介词短语作challenge的后置定语。
4. Although __________ my opinion, the old professor didn’t come up with his own.
A. against B. on C. for D. in
【答案】A
5. Marie Curie took little notice __________ the honors that were given to her in her late years.
A. of B. on C. about D. from
【答案】A
【解析】take notice of意为“注意到,在意”。
6. — When did you last heard __________ Jay?
— He phoned me this morning, and we agreed __________ a time and place to meet.
A. of; to B. about; with C. from; with D. from; on
【答案】D
【解析】hear from sb为固定搭配,意为“接到某人的电话”;agree on sth意为“就某事达成一致意见”。
7. Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly __________ size and shape.
A. on B. from C. by D. in
【答案】D
【解析】differ in是固定搭配,意为“在某方面不同”,符合句意。
8. Luckily, the bullet narrowly missed the captain __________ an inch.
A. by B. at C. to D. from
9. The number of the employees has grown from 1,000 to 1,200; this means it has risen __________ 20 percent.
A. by B. at C. to D. with
【答案】A
【解析】by可表示增加或减少的量,其他三个介词没有这种用法。
10. — You are so lucky.
— What do you mean __________ that?
A. for B. in C. of D. by
【答案】D
【解析】by that在此表示“那样说”。