2018-2019学年广东省佛山一中、石门中学、顺德一中、国华纪中四校高二下学期期末联考英语试题 解析版 31页

‎2018－2019学年下学期佛山一中、石门中学、顺德一中、国华纪中期末联考 高二年级英语科试卷 命题学校：顺德一中 命题人：毕张狮 本试卷共8页，四大题，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。‎ 注意事项：‎ ‎1、答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号和座位号准确填涂在答题卡上。‎ ‎2、回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。‎ ‎3、考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第一部分 听力(共两节，10小题，满分10分)‎ 第一节 听力理解(共6小题，每小题1分，满分6分)‎ 材料及问题播放两遍。每段后有两个小题，各段播放前有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题的问题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ 听第一段材料，回答第1-2题。材料读两遍。‎ ‎1. A. Teacher and student. B. Husband and wife. C. Brother and sister.‎ ‎2. A. To get out in the nature more frequently.‎ B. To live a more energetic life in the city.‎ C. To take more long vacations together.‎ 听第二段材料，回答第3-4题。材料读两遍。‎ ‎3. A. She doesn’t think she has any time.‎ B. She doesn’t think it useful to exercise.‎ C. Her illness makes her unable to exercise.‎ ‎4. A. To spend more time with her family.‎ B. To read newspapers while having meals.‎ C. To listen to the radio while having a walk.‎ 听第三段材料，回答第5-6题。材料读两遍。‎ ‎5. A. 150 years old. B. 200 years old. C. 300 years old.‎ ‎6. A. At dusk. B. At noon. C. At dawn. ‎ 第二节 回答问题(共4小题，每小题1分，满分4分)听下面一段材料，然后回答问题。材料和问题读两遍。‎ ‎7. __________________________________ ‎ ‎8. __________________________________‎ ‎9. __________________________________ ‎ ‎10. __________________________________‎ 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，20小题，满分40分)‎ 第一节(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A In recent years, terms like “going green” and “eco-friendly” have become buzz words on talk shows, commercials and product packaging. The term “eco-friendly” has been used for so many different products and practices.‎ Eco-friendly Car Race Can you imagine a car racer is so eco-friendly that its tyres are made from potatoes, its body is created from hemp (大麻) and rapeseed oil and it runs on fuel made from wheat and sugar beet (甜菜)? The one-seater racing car called Eco One is built by experts from Warwick University, who hope that Eco One will be adopted by the automotive industry. It is sold at $ 51,000.‎ Pollution-sensitive Dress Don’t be caught outside unaware of pollution levels in the air. The pollution-sensitive EPA Dress by Stephanie Sandstrom notices pollution in the air accordingly. This dress — which is actually quite pretty — looks like you pull it from the bottom of the dirty laundry pile when the air is dirty. It might protect your health by advising you to stay indoors for the day, but it won’t do you any favor if you’re meeting with clients.‎ Eco-friendly Umbrella Traditional umbrellas come with a fixed surface. Although it is changeable, you cannot replace it easily. This eco-friendly design is more flexible. It is actually ‎ only an umbrella skeleton(骨架)without any surface, which can be folded, so you can put anything such as newspapers, plastic bags or whatever you want to serve as the protecting surface.‎ Eco-friendly Moss (苔藓) Carpet It is said that walking on fresh grass increases your blood circulation. The Moss Carpet, created by Nguyen La Chanh, looks at getting the grass to your feet. The mat includes ball moss, island moss and forest moss. The humidity (湿度) of the bathroom ensures that it grows well. And that’s why you need to place it there and not anywhere else.‎ ‎1. According to Paragraph 1, we can find Eco One __________.‎ A. can seat one passenger and one driver B. can’t be afforded by the public at present C. is mainly made from some kinds of plants D. will take the place of the traditional car industry ‎2. Why is EPA Dress designed?‎ A. To advise people to stay at home as often as possible.‎ B. To stop people from meeting their clients if necessary.‎ C. To make women look pretty even in the polluted air.‎ D. To keep users informed of the polluted levels in the air.‎ ‎3. Compared with traditional umbrellas, the Eco-friendly Umbrella __________.‎ A. is changeable B. hasn’t any surface C. can be folded D. is made of newspapers ‎【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，主要向我们介绍了四种新的生态产品，它们能保护我们的健康，使我们更了解周围的污染。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据Eco-friendly Car Race部分中Can you image a car racer is so eco-friendly that its tyres are made from potatoes，its body is created from hemp ‎ and rapeseed oil and it runs on fuel made from wheat and sugar beet？（你能想象一位赛车手是如此对生态友好，以至于它的轮胎是由土豆制作而成，它的车身是由大麻及菜籽油制作而成，而且驱动它的燃料是由小麦和甜菜制作而成？）可知Eco One主要是由一些植物组成的，所以C选项是正确的。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Pollution-sensitive Dress部分中The pollution-sensitive EPA Dress by Stephanie Sandstrom notices pollution in the air accordingly．（Stephanie Sandstrom 设计出的污染感知EPA Dress预告空气中的污染。）可知 EPA Dress 被设计出来是为了使用户了解空气中的污染水平，所以D选项是正确的。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Eco-friendly Umbrella部分中This eco-friendly design is more flexible．It is actually only an umbrella skeleton without any surface，which can be folded．（这种生态友好的设计更加灵活，它实际上是一个没有任何表面且能折叠的伞骨架）。可知这种伞只有一个没有任何表面的伞骨架，故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】细节理解题解题方法 细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。但高考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。‎ 做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：‎ ‎1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。经常有新技术对将来人们工作和生活不良影响的预测，但事实证明结果并不是那样，我们有必要否定预测，以减少人们的恐惧。‎ ‎2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。‎ ‎3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。例如第二小题，根据Pollution-sensitive Dress部分中The pollution-sensitive EPA Dress by Stephanie Sandstrom notices pollution in the air accordingly．（Stephanie Sandstrom 设计出的污染感知EPA Dress预告空气中的污染。）可知 EPA Dress 被设计出来是为了使用户了解空气中的污染水平，所以D选项是正确的。‎ B A new “paparazzi-proof” scarf has got heatedly welcomed since launched. A new “paparazzi-proof” scarf could be a game-changer for celebrities who prefer to shy away from the stage light. The ISHU scarf is the creation of Dutch-born fashion entrepreneur Saif Siddiqui and is designed to “give people their right to privacy back”. A host of celebrities including Cameron Diaz, singer Joe Jonas, Bayern Munich footballer Jerome Boateng and music producer Major Lazer have worn the ISHU after it was spotted at London Fashion Week last year.‎ It works by reflecting the light back into a camera, effectively becoming “invisibility clothes” for celebrities who don’t want their photos taken. Anyone wearing the scarf is protected from mobile flash photograph, with the fashion accessory’s fabric (附件结构) effectively blocking out any unwanted pictures, although it doesn’t stop no-flash photographs from being taken.‎ The 28-year-old Siddiqui was inspired while visiting family in Amsterdam in 2009 when his friends attempted to take a photo of him using an iPhone in front of some bikes. “He noticed that the bike’s reflector carried the flash of his mobile camera in a way that confused the faces of his friends in the picture.” the ISHU website explains. “He immediately realized that if developed into the right product, this feature would be an ideal solution for his friends and is now available to the public who want to keep their private moments in public private. “Saif put together a team of experts who dug into the science of light and reflection, and how to blend technology with fashion.”‎ He told Decoded Magazine: “The ISHU scarf effectively allows an individual to control what pictures and videos are taken of him. “There are no more unwanted ‎ pictures and videos on Snapchat, Instagram, or Facebook! Everyone carries a phone with them nowadays that has an amazing camera. So, it all made sense to me.” More ISHU products are set to launch in August, with mobile phone cases set to launch in the next few weeks. The ISHU is currently sold out but you can pre-order it online for ￡289.‎ ‎4. The underlined phrase “shy away” in paragraph 1 means __________.‎ A. hide B. shame C. take D. fly ‎5. Why did Saif design the “paparazzi-proof” scarf?‎ A. To help protect people’s privacy. B. To make a rich profit from the celebrities.‎ C. Because the scarf is to get a heated welcome. D. To dig into the science of light and reflection.‎ ‎6. How did Saif get the creative idea of producing scarves?‎ A. He was inspired by the photographs of bike.‎ B. He was inspired when his friends attempted to take a photo of him.‎ C. He was inspired when finding his friends’ picture was not ideal.‎ D. He was inspired while cycling with his family members.‎ ‎7. Which of the following statement might be true?‎ A. The paparazzi-proof scarf can prevent any unwanted pictures being taken.‎ B. There might be fewer unwanted pictures and videos on internet.‎ C. ISHU will be only used to effectively control pictures taken.‎ D. Customers will mainly buy ISHU products online.‎ ‎【答案】4. A 5. A 6. C 7. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。介绍了一款由出生于荷兰的时尚企业家Saif Siddiqui发明的用于保护人们隐私的围巾，并且说明了这种围巾的工作原理，以及其发明灵感。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据下文The ISHU scarf is the creation of Dutch-born fashion entrepreneur ‎ Saif Siddiqui and is designed to “give people their right to privacy back”.（ISHU围巾是出生于荷兰的时尚企业家Saif Siddiqui发明的，旨在“让人们重获隐私权”。）可知ISHU围巾可以为人们提供隐私，由此可推测上文名人们应该是经常躲避舞台灯光来保护自己的隐私。故划线部分短语意思为“躲避；隐藏”，故选A。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第一段第三句 give people their right to privacy back 可知，'paparazzi-proof' scarf 可以帮助人们夺回隐私权，换言之就是可以保护人们的隐私。故选A。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第三段第二句 He noticed that the bike's reflector carried the flash of his mobile camera in a way that confused the faces of his friends in the picture 可知，Saif 注意到相片中的朋友们的脸由于自行车反光镜而拍得模糊，这是 ISHU 给出的他的创意来源的解释。故C项符合题意。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句 There are no more unwanted pictures and videos on Snapchat, Instagram, or Facebook! 可知，在 paparazzi-proof scarf 的帮助下，在 Snapchat, Instagram, Facebook 这些社交媒体上不会再有人们不想要的照片或视频，换言之就是互联网上不需要的图片和视频可能会少一些。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为 ‎① 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或that’s to say，such as等。‎ ‎② 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。‎ ‎③ 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。‎ ‎④ 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。‎ ‎⑤ 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。‎ 如第一小题，根据下文The ISHU scarf is the creation of Dutch-born fashion entrepreneur Saif Siddiqui and is designed to “give people their right to privacy back”.（ISHU围巾是出生于荷兰的时尚企业家Saif Siddiqui发明的，旨在“让人们重获隐私权”。）可知ISHU围巾可以为人们提供隐私，由此可推测上文名人们应该是经常躲避舞台灯光来保护自己的隐私。故划线部分短语意思为“躲避；隐藏”，故选A。‎ C Some colors people see late at night could cause signs of clinical (临床的) depression. That was the finding of a study that builds on earlier study findings. They show that individuals who live or work in low levels of light overnight can develop clinical depression. Doctors use the word “clinical depression” to describe severe form of depression. Signs may include loss of interest or pleasure in most activities, low energy levels and thoughts of death or suicide.‎ In the new study American investigators designed an experiment that exposed hamsters (仓鼠) to different colors. The researchers chose hamsters because they are nocturnal which means they sleep during the day and are active at night.‎ The animals were divided into four groups. One group of hamsters was kept in the dark during their night-time period. Another group was placed in front of a blue light a third group slept in front of a white light while a fourth was put in front of a red light.‎ After four weeks the researchers noted how much sugary water the hamsters drank. They found that the most depressed animals drank the least amount of water.‎ Randy Nelson heads the Department of Neuroscience at Ohio State University. He says animals that slept in blue and white light appeared to be the most depressed. “What we saw is that these animals didn’t show any sleep uneasiness at all but they did mess up biological clock genes and they did show depressive sign while if they were in the dim (微弱) red light they did not.”‎ He notes that photosensitive (感光) cells in the eyes have little to do with eyesight. He says these cells send signals to the area of the brain that controls what has been called the natural sleep-wake cycle.‎ He says there’s a lot of blue in white light. This explains why the blue light and white light hamsters appear to be more depressed than the hamsters seeing red light or darkness.‎ ‎8. Researchers use hamsters in the experiment because __________.‎ A. they are similar to humans in dealing with colors B. they are easy to observe and study C. they are sensitive to colors like human beings D. they are active at night and sleep during the day ‎9. What sign shows that the hamsters are being depressed?‎ A. Their energy level becomes low. B. They don’t sleep well.‎ C. Their eyesight becomes worse. D. They drink less sugary water.‎ ‎10. __________ tends to cause hamsters to be depressed.‎ A. Dim light B. Blue light C. Red light D. Darkness ‎11. What can help people who work late at night to avoid being depressed?‎ A. Equipping their computer screens to put it more in the reddish light.‎ B. Not being exposed to dim red light when using computers.‎ C. Living or working in low levels of light overnight.‎ D. Going to see doctors of clinical depression regularly for help.‎ ‎【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。人们在深夜看到的一些颜色能够引起临床沮丧的症状。研究发现，整夜在较暗的环境中生活或工作的人可能会表现出临床沮丧。相关症状包括对活动失去兴趣和乐趣，精神不振和产生死亡或自杀念头等。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段The researchers chose hamsters because they are nocturnal，which means they sleep during the day and are active at night．可知研究者使用仓鼠，是因为它们在白天睡觉，晚上却出来活动。故选D。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段"They found that the most depressed animals drank the least ‎ amount of water"可知研究人员发现，压抑感最强的仓鼠喝的糖水最少。故选D。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第七段中的"This explains why the blue light and white light hamsters appear to be more depressed than the hamsters seeing red light or darkness（这就解释了为什么看到蓝光和白光的仓鼠比看到红光或黑暗的仓鼠显得更抑郁。）"可知处在蓝光中的仓鼠比在黑暗里的仓鼠也更加压抑。故选B。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"This explains why the blue light and white light hamsters appear to be more depressed than the hamsters seeing red light or darkness"可知在红光或黑暗中，仓鼠的压抑感表现得比蓝光或白光中的仓鼠少。由此可知，为那些工作到深夜的人的电脑屏幕配备更多的红色灯光能帮助他们避免抑郁。故选A。‎ D Body language is a broad term for several forms of communication using body movements or gestures, instead of, or as a complement to, sounds, verbal language, or other forms of communication. In turn, it is one category of paralanguage, which describes all forms of human communication that are not language.‎ Paralanguage including body language has been extensively studied in social psychology. In everyday speech and popular psychology, the term is most often applied to body language that is thought to be involuntary, but in fact the distinction between voluntary and involuntary body language is often blurred: a smile or a wave may be given either voluntarily or involuntarily, for example.‎ Voluntary Body Language is less commonly discussed because it seems unproblematic. It refers to movement, gestures and poses intentionally made by the person: smiling, hands, imitating actions, and generally making movements with full or partial intention of making them and a realization of what they communicate.‎ The relation of body language to animal communication has often been discussed. Human paralanguage may represent a continuation of forms of communication that our non-linguistic ancestors already used, or it may be that it has been changed by co-existing language. Some species of animals are especially skilled at detecting ‎ human body language, both voluntary and involuntary: this was the reason for trying to teach the chimpanzee Washoe American Sign Language rather than speech and perhaps the reason why the Washoe project was more successful than some previous efforts to teach apes how to dance.‎ Body language is a product of both genetic and environmental influences. Blind children will smile and laugh even though they have never seen a smile. The ethnologist (文化人类学者) Iraneus Eibl-Eibesfeldt claimed that a number of basic elements of body language were universal across cultures and must therefore be fixed action patterns under instinctive (本能的) control. Some forms of human body language show continuities with communicative gestures of other apes, though often with changes in meaning. More refined gestures, which vary between cultures (for example the gestures to indicate “yes” and “no”), must obviously be learned or modified through learning, usually by unconscious observation of the environment.‎ ‎12. Which of the following diagrams shows the right relationship __________?‎ ‎① = language ② = paralanguage ③ = body language ④ = verbal language A. B. ‎ C. D. ‎ ‎13. According to the passage, the reason why the Washoe project was a success may be that _____.‎ A. the chimpanzee Washoe can be taught speech B. apes can be taught how to dance C. Washoe can understand body language well D. numbers of basic elements of body language are same in different cultures ‎14. Why does the author take the gestures to indicate “yes” and “no” for an example?‎ A. to give us the meaning of the two gestures B. to tell us continuities of some fixed action patterns C. to show environmental influences of the sign language D. to indicate genetic effects of the body language ‎15. The last two paragraphs mainly talk about __________.‎ A. origins of the body language B. cultural influences C. what the body language is D. relationships between body languages and animal communications ‎【答案】12. B 13. C 14. C 15. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。肢体语言是一个广泛的术语，指的是使用肢体动作或手势来代替或补充声音、语言或其他形式的交流。反过来，它是副语言的一个类别，它描述了人类交流的所有形式，而不是语言。其中肢体语言包括自愿和非自愿的，二者之间的区别很模糊。同时文章也谈论了关于肢体语言的起源问题。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句Paralanguage including body language has been extensively studied in social psychology.（包括肢体语言在内的副语言在社会心理学中得到了广泛的研究。）可知肢体语言属于副语言；再根据第一段第一句Body language is a broad term for several forms of communication using body movements or gestures, instead of, or as a complement to, sounds, verbal language, or other forms of communication. （肢体语言是一个广泛的术语，指的是使用肢体动作或手势进行的多种形式的交流，而不是作为声音、口语或其他形式的交流的补充。）可推理得知肢体语言以及其所属的副语言都不是口语的补充，口头语言单独为一种类别；而肢体语言、副语言和口头语言都属于语言的类别。综上，故选B。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。倒数第二段最后一句Some species of animals are especially skilled at detecting human body language, both voluntary and involuntary: this was the reason for trying to teach the chimpanzee Washoe American Sign Language rather than speech and perhaps the reason why the Washoe project was more successful than some previous efforts to teach apes how to dance.‎ ‎（有些种类的动物特别擅长探测人类的肢体语言，包括自愿的和非自愿的: 这就是为什么要尝试教黑猩猩Washoe美国手语而不是语言，也许也是为什么Washoe项目比之前教猿跳舞更成功的原因。）可知Washoe项目成功的原因是Washoe能够很好地理解肢体语言。故选C。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话More refined gestures, which vary between cultures (for example the gestures to indicate “yes” and “no”), must obviously be learned or modified through learning, usually by unconscious observation of the environment.（更精细的手势，在不同的文化中是不同的(例如表示“是”和“不是”的手势)，显然必须通过学习来学习或修改，通常是通过对环境的无意识观察。）可知作者以表示“是”和“不是”的手势为例，展示了手语的环境的影响。故选C。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段第二句Human paralanguage may represent a continuation of forms of communication that our non-linguistic ancestors already used, or it may be that it has been changed by co-existing language.（人类副语言可能是我们的非语言祖先已经使用的交流形式的延续，也可能是共存的语言改变了它。）以及最后一段第一句Body language is a product of both genetic and environmental influences.（肢体语言是遗传和环境影响的产物。）可知最后两段主要是在探讨肢体语言的起源。故选A。‎ 第二节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Recently, I’ve been following a simple rule that is helping me crush procrastination(拖延症) and making it easier for me to stick to good habits at the same time．_____16_____ There are two parts to the 2-Minute Rule.‎ Part 1—If it takes less than two minutes，then do it now．‎ ‎___17___ For example，washing your dishes immediately after your meal，tossing the laundry in the washing machine，taking out the garbage，sending that email，and so on．‎ If a task takes less than two minutes to complete，then follow the rule and do it right now．‎ Part 2—When you start a new habit，it should take less than two minutes to ‎ do．‎ Can all of your goals be accomplished in less than two minutes? Obviously not．But，every goal can be started in 2 minutes or less．___18___‎ It might sound like this strategy is too basic for grand life goals，but I beg to differ．The 2-Minute Rule works for big goals as well as small goals because of the inertia(惯性)of life．______19______ I love the 2-Minute Rule because it embraces the idea that all sorts of good things happen once you get started．‎ The most important part of any new habit is getting started—not just the first time，but each time．It’s not about performance，it’s about consistently taking action．‎ I can’t guarantee whether or not the 2-Minute Rule will work for you．_____20_____ Anyone can spare the next 120 seconds．Use this time to get one thing done．Go．‎ A. I call this little strategy the “2-Minute Rule”．‎ B. And that’s the purpose behind this little rule．‎ C. Here’s what you need to know to stop procrastinating．‎ D. Once you start doing something，it’s easier to continue doing it．‎ E. But，I can guarantee that it will never work if you never try it．‎ F. The goal is to make it easier for you to get started on the things you should be doing．‎ G. It’s surprising how many things we put off that we could get done in two minutes or less．‎ ‎【答案】16. A 17. G ‎ ‎18. B 19. D ‎ ‎20. E ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。作者针对如何克服拖延这一问题，给出了自己的方法——“两分钟规则”。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据后文There are two parts to the 2-Minute Rule…这里提到了“两分钟规则”分为两部分，所以上文会说什么是“两分钟规则”，故选A。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据后文For example，washing your dishes immediately after your meal，tossing the laundry in the washing machine，taking out the garbage，sending that email，and so on．这里提到了许多可以在两分钟之内完成的事情，所以上文会说有那么多可以在两分钟之内完成的事情却被我们拖延了，这很令人吃惊，故选G。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据前文Can all of your goals be accomplished in less than two minutes? Obviously not．But，every goal can be started in 2 minutes or less．这里捕捉到了关键词goal，B项（这正是这个小规则背后的目的。）总结本段内容，故选B。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据前文The 2-Minute Rule works for big goals as well as small goals because of the inertia(惯性)of life.这里提到了生活的惯性，故D项（一旦你开始做某事，继续做它就很容易。）正是惯性的一种，故选D。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据前文I can’t guarantee whether or not the 2-Minute Rule will work for you．这里提到了我不能保证“两分钟规则”是否对你有效，故E项（但是我保证，如果你不尝试，它绝不会起作用）是对前文内容的进一步阐述，故选E。‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，30小题，满分45分)‎ 第一节 完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ I grew up with a fat dad — 450 pounds at his heaviest. Every week he would try a new diet, and my family ___21___ eating whatever strange food he was trying at that moment. By the time I was nine, I was a(n) ___22___ on losing weight. I spent four weeks ___23___ only small bowls of white rice at home. What I remember most about those years is that I ___24___ felt hungry — hungry for food, hungry for someone to care for me and I ___25___ to be cared for.‎ But on Friday nights, I was ___26___ hungry. My grandfather would take me to his home for the ___27___. There was always a pot of something cooking on the ___28___. It was at my grandmother’s house that I learned what true ___29___ was.‎ After my third-grade year, my family had to move away from hometown, and leave my grandmother and her delicious food ___30___. There would be no more special weekends at my grandmother’s house. It was total ___31___ for survival. In this new city, I felt extremely lonely and lost, and I missed my grandmother ___32___.‎ My grandmother knew just how I felt and she knew the ___33___. Every week, she would send me a card with a $20 bill, a recipe and a list of what to buy at the market. It kept us ___34___, and her recipes filled my body and soul.‎ Over the years, I have ___35___ to better understand my father’s ___36___ with weight and ___37___ growing up in such an unhealthy eating environment, I found a ___38___ for a career as a nutrition (营养) consultant.‎ Today, food is no longer a ___39___ that keeps my father and me apart, but a bridge that keeps us connected. And now I am the one ___40___ sending recipe cards to my father’s house, just as my grandmother did for me.‎ ‎21. A. came up B. turned up C. ended up D. went up ‎22. A. expert B. student C. amateur D. worker ‎23. A. ordering B. consuming C. serving D. treating ‎24. A. instantly B. constantly C. continuously D. unfortunately ‎25. A. longed B. meant C. hit D. showed ‎26. A. even B. ever C. once D. never ‎27. A. dinner B. weekend C. party D. activity ‎28. A. stove B. kitchen C. house D. cupboard ‎29. A. food B. love C. happiness D. diet ‎30. A. out B. behind C. alone D. away ‎31. A. memory B. intention C. experiment D. independence ‎32. A. deliberately B. fully C. terribly D. tentatively ‎33. A. cure B. approach C. reason D. routine ‎34. A. reminded B. bonded C. united D. informed ‎35. A. wanted B. expected C. grown D. begun ‎36. A. quarrels B. debates C. topics D. struggles ‎37. A. in spite of B. in possession of C. in case of D. in terms of ‎38. A. demand B. request C. command D. desire ‎39. A. case B. question C. barrier D. matter ‎40. A. occasionally B. finally C. regularly D. normally ‎【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。作者小时候，爸爸很胖，每周都需要尝试一种新的食物来减肥，全家人都不得不与爸爸一起“试吃”，为此作者对爸爸意见很大。后来随着年龄的增长，作者对父亲也有了更深的理解，在选择职业时也选了营养师这份工作。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：每个星期他都会尝试一种新的饮食，而我的家人最终吃下了他当时正在尝试的任何奇怪的食物。A. came up走进；提出；B. turned up出现；找到；C. ended up结束；D. went up上升。短语end up“结束；以……告终”，故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：到我九岁的时候，我已经是一个减肥专家了。A. expert专家；B. student学生；C. amateur业余爱好者；D. worker工人。根据下文only small bowls of white rice at home可知选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花了四周的时间在家只吃了一小碗白米饭。A. ordering命令；B. consuming消耗；吃完；C. serving服务；D. treating对待。consume此处表示“吃完；消耗掉”，故选B。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：那些年我印象最深的是我经常感到饥饿——渴望食物，渴望有人来关心我，我渴望被关心。A. instantly立即地；B. constantly不断地；市场地；C.‎ ‎ continuously多次；D. unfortunately不幸地。根据句意故选B。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些年我印象最深的是我经常感到饥饿——渴望食物，渴望有人来关心我，我渴望被关心。A. longed渴望；B. meant意味着；C. hit打击；D. showed展示。短语long to“渴望”。故选A。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但在周五晚上，我从不饿。A. even甚至；B. ever曾经；C. once曾经；一旦；D. never从不。根据下文There was always a pot of something cooking可知周五晚上作者要去祖父母家，锅里总是煮着食物，因此从不会饿。故选D。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我爷爷会带我去他家过周末。A. dinner晚餐；B. weekend周末；C. party聚会；D. activity活动。根据上文on Friday nights可知周五晚上作者要去祖父母家，因此是度过周末。故选B。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：炉子上总是有一锅正在煮的东西。A. stove火炉；B. kitchen厨房；C. house房子；D. cupboard碗柜。根据上文something cooking可知选A。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是在祖母家，我学会了什么是真正的饮食。A. food食物；B. love爱；C. happiness快乐；D. diet饮食。根据句意故选D。‎ ‎30题详解】‎ 考查介词搭配。句意：三年级后，我的家人不得不离开家乡，离开我的祖母和她美味的食物。A. out向外；B. behind在……后面；C. alone独自；D. away离去。根据上文had to move away from hometown可知是离开了祖母和她的食物。短语leave behind“留下；遗留”。故选B。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是完全独立的生存。A. memory记忆；B. intention意图；C. experiment实验；D. independence独立。根据下文In this new city, I felt extremely lonely and lost可知作者在新的城市必须独立生活。故选D。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这个新的城市里，我感到非常孤独和失落，我非常想念我的祖母。A. deliberately故意滴；B. fully充分地；C. terribly糟糕地；非常地；D. tentatively暂时地。根据句意故选C。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我祖母知道我的感受，她也知道治疗方法。A. cure治疗方法；B. approach方法；C. reason理由；D. routine常规。根据句意故选A。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它使我们紧密相连，她的食谱充满了我的身体和灵魂。A. reminded被提醒的；B. bonded（感情上）结为一体的；C. united一致的；D. informed见多识广的。根据下文her recipes filled my body and soul.可知祖母的食谱让作者感觉他们紧密相连。故选B。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我渐渐能更好地理解了父亲与体重的斗争了。A. wanted想要；B. expected期待；C. grown生长；渐渐变得；D. begun开始。根据句意故选C。‎ ‎36题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：A. quarrels吵架；B. debates辩论；C. topics话题；D. struggles挣扎；奋斗。根据上文a fat dad — 450 pounds at his heaviest可知作者的父亲很胖，因此是与体重的斗争。短语struggle with“与……斗争”。故选D。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管我是在这样一个不健康的饮食环境中长大的，但我还是萌生了想成为一名营养顾问的愿望。A. in spite of尽管；B. in possession of拥有；C. in case of万一；D. in terms of按照。根据句意可知选A。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我是在这样一个不健康的饮食环境中长大的，但我还是萌生了想成为一名营养顾问的愿望。A. demand要求；B. request请求；C. command命令；D. desire欲望；心愿。根据下文a career as a nutrition consultant可知作者的心愿是成为营养顾问。故选D。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，食物不再是分隔我和父亲的障碍，而是连接我们的桥梁。A. case情况；B. question问题；C. barrier障碍；D. matter事件。根据下文keeps my father and me apart可知食物不再是父亲和作者之间分隔的障碍了。故选C。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在我是一个经常给我父亲家寄食谱卡片的人，就像我的祖母为我做的一样。A. occasionally偶尔；B. finally最后的；C. regularly定期地；D. normally正常地。根据上文Every week, she would send me a card with a $20 bill, a recipe and a list of what to buy at the market.可知作者和祖母一样定期给父亲家寄食谱卡片。故选C。‎ 第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ China has once again proved its ____41____ (able) to change the world with the “new four great inventions”: high-speed railways, electronic payments, shared bicycles and online shopping. They’re related to China’s high-tech innovation (创新), ____42____ has improved the quality of people’s lives, according to a survey ____43____ (make) by the Belt and Road Research Institute of Beijing Foreign Studies University.‎ ‎“My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat whatever I want simply with a fingertip on my phone,” said ____44____ university student, adding that “even pancake sellers are using mobile payment”.‎ The bikes ____45____ (them) are not new, but the operating model of bike-sharing ____46____ (base) on satellite navigation system, mobile payment, big data and other high technologies.‎ China has entered a new innovative era, thanks to the large amounts of capital China has invested in ____47____ (encourage) innovation, said Bernhard Schwartlander, WHO Representative in China.‎ It is increasingly clear that China is innovating and no longer copying Western ideas. This is especially true in mobile, where China is leading ____48____ many ways such as…social messaging app WeChat, she said. This is partly ____49____ China skipped over the PC era and went directly to mobile. China has a ____50____ (large) mobile use than any other country in the world.‎ ‎【答案】41. ability ‎ ‎42. which 43. made ‎ ‎44. a 45. themselves ‎ ‎46. is based ‎ ‎47. encouraging ‎ ‎48. in 49. because ‎ ‎50. larger ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国改变世界的"新四大发明"：高速铁路、电子支付、共享自行车，和在线购物。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：中国通过“新四大发明”——高速铁路、电子支付、共享单车和网上购物——再次证明了自己改变世界的能力。根据上文its为形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填ability。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：据北京外国语大学“一带一路”研究院的一项调查显示，这与中国的高科技创新有关，科技创新提高了人们的生活质量。本句为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词innovation，为物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用which引导。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故make只能做非谓语动词。且和逻辑主语survey 之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填made。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：“我的钱包不用了。一名大学生说，他还补充说，“甚至卖煎饼的人也在使用移动支付。”student为可数名词，此处表示泛指一个学生，故填不定冠词a。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查反身代词。句意：自行车本身并不新鲜，但共享单车运营模式是基于卫星导航系统、移动支付、大数据等高科技。本句为反身代词做同位语，指复数名词the bikes，所以用 themselves。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查动词时态语态。base 和句子主语之间是被动关系，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填is based。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：世界卫生组织驻华代表Bernhard Schwartlander表示，由于中国在鼓励创新方面投入了大量资金，中国已进入一个新的创新时代。介词 in 后跟动名词作宾语，故填encouraging。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：她说，在移动领域尤其如此，中国在很多方面都处于领先地位，比如社交通讯应用微信。短语in many ways “在许多方面”介词用in。故填in。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查连接词。句意：部分原因是中国跳过了PC时代，直接进入了移动领域。本句为because引导的原因状语从句，故填because。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查形容词比较级。句意：中国的手机用户比世界上任何其他国家都多。根据下文than可知应用形容词比较级，故填larger。‎ ‎【点睛】定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：‎ ‎(1)一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等)‎ ‎(2)二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why)‎ ‎(3)三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)‎ 如第二小题，本句为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词innovation，为物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用which引导。‎ 第四部分 词汇、句型与写作(共四节，满分55分)‎ 第一节 词汇基础(共10小题，每空1分，满分10分)‎ 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，用单词的恰当形式填空，并把完整单词填写在答题卡相应的位置上。‎ ‎51. When selecting news of the kind, he usually _____________ (退却) from the world of threatening reality toward the dream world.‎ ‎52. What a c_____________! We were born at the same hospital on the same day!‎ ‎53. Professor Smith is c_____________ to working for the charity; his devotion is inspiring his co-workers.‎ ‎54. For many older people, especially those living alone, driving is important for p_____________ (保持) their independence.‎ ‎55. The castle is only a_____________ to the privileged and we ordinary citizens are not allowed to enter.‎ ‎56. The tablet was bought only several days ago. So it’s still under g_____________ and you can have it fixed for free.‎ ‎57. His daughter suffered from a disease. Many people gave away money to her and the _____________ (捐赠) did help save the family.‎ ‎58. All the passengers could t_____________ the lady’s baby making a noise, which showed their high quality.‎ ‎59. If we s_____________ a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “135520135”.‎ ‎60. Because of his parents’ divorce, Jack and his brother live in different cities, and the _____________ (离别) made them in deep sorrow.‎ ‎【答案】51. withdraws ‎ ‎52. coincidence ‎ ‎53. committed ‎ ‎54. preserving ‎ ‎55. accessible ‎ ‎56. guarantee ‎ ‎57. donation(s) ‎ ‎58. tolerate ‎ ‎59. substitute ‎ ‎60. separation ‎【解析】‎ 考查单词拼写。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。句意：在选择这类新闻时，他通常会从被现实威胁的世界退缩到梦想世界。根据上文usually可知应用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，故填withdraws。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：真是巧啊！我们同一天出生在同一家医院!固定句型What a coincidence！“真是太巧了！”故填名词coincidence。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：史密斯教授致力于为慈善事业工作;他的奉献精神鼓舞着他的同事。短语be committed to“致力于”，故填committed。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：对于许多老年人来说，尤其是那些独居的人，开车对保持他们的独立性很重要。for为介词后跟动名词作宾语，故填preserving。‎ ‎55题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：这座城堡只对有特权的人开放，我们普通公民是不允许进入的。短语be accessible to“可进入的”，故填形容词accessible。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：这款平板电脑是几天前才买的。所以它还在保修期内，你可以免费修理。短语under guarantee“在保修期内”，故填guarantee。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：他的女儿得了一种病。许多人给了她钱，这笔捐款确实帮助挽救了这个家庭。根据上文定冠词the可知应填名词donation(s)。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：所有的乘客都能忍受女士的婴儿发出的噪音，这显示了他们的高素质。根据上文could后跟动词原形，故填tolerate。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：如果我们用一个数字代替每个字母，“Meet me”的信息就会变成“135520135”。本句为if引导的条件状语从句，根据句意应用一般现在时，主语为we，故填substitute。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：由于父母的离异，杰克和他的兄弟生活在不同的城市，他们的分离使他们深感悲伤。根据上文冠词the可知应填名词separation。‎ 第二节 句型结构(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下列各小题，根据括号内的汉语提示，用句末括号内的提示词完成句子，每空仅限一词。‎ ‎61. ________ ________ ________ ________ them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what’s around them. (从未发生；occur)‎ ‎62. We may think we’re a culture that ________ ________ ________ our worn technology at the first sight of shiny and new. (丢掉；of)‎ ‎63. Some believe that a woman’s body cells ________ ________ ________ ________ age more slowly than a man’s. (有……倾向；to)‎ ‎64. The day itself is on October 21, but since it ________ ________ ________, events now spread out over most of October around Britain. (变得流行；catch)‎ ‎65. We sought long and hard for the solutions to the problem, but the efforts ________ ________ ________. (无济于事；in)‎ ‎66. After having taught fifth-grade classes for four years, I decided to try ________ ________ ________ to get them to read oftener and more adventurously. (不惜一切代价；at)‎ ‎67. I, ________ ________ ________ the Robotics Hobby Group, intend to invite you to join our team in the coming competition. (代表……；on)‎ ‎68. ________ ________ good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of Canton dishes. (除了……；from)‎ ‎69. The two companies frequently ________ ________ ________ as a result of competition. (发生冲突；come)‎ ‎70. According to foreign news press, the 5G technology owned by Huawei ________ ________ ________ that of any companies in the US. (优于；to)‎ ‎【答案】61. (1). It (2). never/seldom (3). occurred/occurs (4). to ‎ ‎62. (1). gets (2). rid (3). of ‎ ‎63. (1). have (2). a (3). tendency (4). to ‎ ‎64. (1). has (2). caught (3). on ‎ ‎65. (1). were (2). in (3). vain ‎ ‎66. (1). at (2). any/ all (3). cost/costs ‎ ‎67. (1). on (2). behalf (3). of ‎ ‎68. (1). Apart/Aside (2). from ‎ ‎69. (1). come/came (2). into (3). conflicts ‎ ‎70. (1). is (2). superior (3). to ‎【解析】‎ 考查重点短语。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 句意：他们从来没有想过要出去走走，花点时间看看周围有什么。根据汉语意思以及提示可知，固定句式occur to sb.“某人突然想到……”，本句为it做形式主语指代后文真正主语不定式。时态为一般过去时，故填It never occurred to。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 句意：我们可能会认为，我们是一种文化，一看到闪亮的新技术，就摆脱了陈旧的技术。短语get rid of“摆脱”，且定语从句中主语为culture，时态为一般现在时，故填gets rid of。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 句意：一些人认为女性的身体细胞比男性衰老得更慢。短语have a tendency to“有……的趋势”，且根据上文believe可知为一般现在时，主语为cells，故填have a tendency to。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 句意：这一天本身是在10月21日，但自从它流行起来，事件现在在英国各地蔓延到10月的大部分时间。短语catch on“变得流行”，且根据上文since可知为现在完成时，故填has caught on。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 句意：我们为解决这个问题进行了长期而艰苦的努力，但这些努力都是徒劳的。短语be in vain“徒劳地”，根据上文sought可知用一般过去时，主语为efforts，故填were in vain。‎ ‎【66题详解】‎ 句意：教了四年五年级的书后，我决定不惜一切代价让他们多读书，多冒险。短语at any cost/all costs“不惜任何代价”，故填at any/all cost/costs。‎ ‎【67题详解】‎ 句意：我代表机器人兴趣小组邀请您加入我们的团队参加即将到来的比赛。短语on behalf of“代表……”，故填on behalf of。‎ ‎【68题详解】‎ 句意：除了服务周到，这家餐馆还提供各种各样的广东菜。短语apart from/aside from“除了……”，故填apart from/aside from。‎ ‎【69题详解】‎ 句意：由于竞争，这两家公司经常发生冲突。短语come into conflicts“发生冲突”，时态用一般现在时或一般过去时，主语为companies，故填come/came into conflicts。‎ ‎【70题详解】‎ 句意：据外国媒体报道，华为拥有的5G技术优于美国任何一家公司。短语be superior to“优于；好于”，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为technology，故填is superior to。‎ 第三节 短文改错(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：(1)每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎(2)只允许修改10处，多者 (从第11处起) 不计分。‎ Do you believe love is the most important? In the early twenty century, homeless people were often brought up in orphanages, in that they received little love. At one time, Dr. Skeels took twelve children from an art orphanage or had a young girl look them each day. He also studied another twelve children who are left in the orphanage all day long. He followed these children not until they grew up, and the results were shocked. The children staying all day in the orphanage were either dead or suffering from serious illnesses. However, the twelve children loved by the girl were all healthy and independently. The only difference between the life of these children — the love, made a great difference to us.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。二十世纪对孤儿院孩子的实验表明，爱是很重要的，爱对我们产生了很大的影响。‎ ‎【详解】1. 考查固定短语。句意：在二十世纪初，无家可归的人经常在孤儿院长大，因为他们很少得到爱。短语“in the+序数词+century”表示“在……世纪”，此处表示“在二十世纪”，二十的序数词是twentieth。故twenty改为twentieth。‎ ‎2. 考查定语从句连接词。在定语从句中，介词后边不能用that引导。故that改为which。‎ ‎3. 考查连词。句意：Skeels从孤儿院领养了12个孩子，每天让一个女孩照看着。上下文为并列的谓语动词，所以用and。故or改为and。‎ ‎4. 考查固定短语。短语look after"照顾，照看"。故look后添加after。‎ ‎5. 考查动词时态。句意：他还研究了另外12名整天被留在孤儿院的儿童。根据上文studied可知为一般过去时，故are改为were。‎ ‎6. 考查连词。句意：他跟随这些孩子直到他们长大。until"直到……时"，not until为“直到……才”，根据句意“他跟随这些孩子直到他们长大”，故去掉not。‎ ‎7. 考查形容词。句意：他跟踪这些孩子直到他们长大，结果令人震惊。shocking形容词"令人惊讶的"修饰物，结果令人惊讶，所以用shocking。故shocked改为shocking。‎ ‎8. 考查形容词。句意：然而，女孩爱的12个孩子都很健康和独立。分析句子可知此处是用形容词做表语。independent是形容词"独立的"。故independently改为independent。‎ ‎9. 考查名词的数。句意：这些孩子的生活中唯一的不同——爱，对他们产生了很大的影响。life是可数名词"生活"，这里指孩子们的各自的生活，故life改为复数形式lives。‎ ‎10. 考查代词。根据语境这里是指爱给这些孩子们很大的不同，所以用them。故us改为them。‎ 第四节 书面表达(共1题，满分20分)‎ ‎72.假设你是李华。你班上周日开展了以“美化城市环境，倡导低碳生活”为宗旨的志愿者活动。活动内容包括：上午去郊区植树；下午去广场宣传，分发传单(leaflet)。你的美国朋友George来信想了解此活动，请你写封回信按照以下要求介绍这个活动：‎ ‎1、活动内容，宗旨；‎ ‎2、对同学的影响以及你的评价。‎ 注意：1、短文应包括所提供的主要信息，可适当发挥，使短文内容连贯、完整；‎ ‎2、词数：100左右。‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear George,‎ I am glad to receive your letter asking for my introduction about our class voluntary activity. I’m writing to tell you something about it.‎ Last Sunday, our class launched a voluntary activity, the theme of which is to make the city more beautiful and advocate a low carbon lifestyle. In the morning, we went to plant trees in the suburbs. In the afternoon, we went to the streets to hand out leaflets, raising people’s awareness of environmental protection. Most of the students think highly of the activity, which will surely have a positive effect on our daily life.‎ As far as I’m concerned, it’s everyone’s duty to protect the environment. As long as there is the possibility of saving our planet, do take action now before it is too late. Low carbon living is surely a way of great significance.‎ Best wishes Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封邮件；假设你是李华。你班上周日开展了以“美化城市环境，倡导低碳生活”为宗旨的志愿者活动。活动内容包括：上午去郊区植树；下午去广场宣传，分发传单(leaflet)。你的美国朋友George来信想了解此活动，请你写封回信按照以下要求介绍这个活动：1、活动内容，宗旨；‎ ‎2、对同学的影响以及你的评价。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：be glad to（很高兴），launch（举办；开展），advocate（提倡）；low carbon lifestyle（低碳生活），awareness of（意识）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Last Sunday, our class launched a voluntary activity, the theme of which is to make the city more beautiful and advocate a low carbon lifestyle.运用了定语从句；In the afternoon, we went to the streets to hand out leaflets, raising people’s awareness of environmental protection.非谓语动词-ing形式的运用。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ ‎ ‎