2021版新高考英语一轮复习Unit7TheSea练习北师大版 16页

Unit 7 The Sea 课时练1　2篇阅读＋1篇七选五＋1篇完形 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·河南六市高三联考)It’s thought that around 5 trillion pieces of plastic are currently floating in our oceans.‎ Both mammals and fish benefit from the clean ocean. It is reported that more than 8 million tons of plastic end up in our oceans every year, and nearly half of the plastic we produce is singleuse only.‎ This shoe brand, however, is riding the wave of change and is on a mission to help clean up our waters and rid the sea of plastic bottles that can take up to 400 years to break down. Vivobarefoot’s newest footwear uses recycled plastic materials and has created an education program that spreads awareness about how harmful plastic is for sea life.‎ Every pair of shoes is made up of 17 plastic water bottles taken from the ocean and turned into a sustainable, comfortable pair of shoes, which are also healthy for your feet. And while not everyone can take part in ocean cleanups, choosing little ways we can give back to our planet goes a long way.‎ Vivobarefoot’s new products include a variety of high performance styles such as casual sneakers, running shoes, and hiking boots. The brand hopes that its latest initiative(新方案) will help lessen the indifference to pollution and how harmful it is for all living beings.‎ In the future, Vivobarefoot hopes to increase their production of shoes created from sustainable materials, and thankfully, it is now one of many brands that aim to increase environmentalism and educate communities on how global warming affects everyone.‎ This year, they’ll add more recyclable and traceable materials into more than half of their production line, and they have plenty of creative developments in the works as well.‎ The shoes also have a health benefit. Based on the concept that wider, minimally designed shoes enable our foot to function at maximum potential, wearers also experience better balance and sensory input.‎ 16‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了一家利用海洋中的废弃塑料瓶造鞋的公司。‎ ‎1．How does the author make his point convincing?‎ A．By listing figures.‎ B．By telling a story.‎ C．By giving examples.‎ D．By making comparisons.‎ A　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段所列举的数字可推知，作者是通过数字来增加说服力的，故选A。‎ ‎2．What is Vivobarefoot doing to help with the marine creatures?‎ A．Donating money to buy food for them.‎ B．Keeping the ocean free from plastic bottles.‎ C．Producing more shoes from sustainable materials.‎ D．Raising public awareness of recycling and reuse.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“This shoe brand, however, is riding the wave of change and is on a mission to help clean up our waters and rid the sea of plastic bottles that can take up to 400 years to break down.”可知，这家公司是通过清除海洋塑料瓶来帮助海洋生物的，故选B。‎ ‎3．What is probably Vivobarefoot’s operation philosophy?‎ A．Customerfocused.‎ B．Serviceoriented.‎ C．Moneysaving.‎ D．Environmentallyfriendly.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Every pair of shoes is...a sustainable, comfortable pair of shoes”和第六段中的“it is now one of many brands that aim to increase environmentalism and educate communities on how global warming affects everyone”可推知，这家公司的经营理念是环保，故选D。‎ ‎4．What can we learn from the text?‎ A．Vivobarefoot’s new products haven’t been released.‎ B．Vivobarefoot is the most popular shoe brand in the world.‎ C．Vivobarefoot cares about not only its business but also public services.‎ D．Vivobarefoot is the first company to find the new function of waste materials.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“This year, they’ll add more recyclable and traceable materials into more than half of their production line, and they have plenty of creative developments in the works as well.”可推知，Vivobarefoot 16‎ 公司不仅仅关注生意，而且还关注公益服务，故选C。‎ B ‎(2020·福建质量检查)TrailSafe! is a unique safety training program designed specifically for National Park Service(NPS) Trail Volunteers, but is useful to everyone! It’s based upon NPS Operational Leadership Training, where the human factor of safety is explored. TrailSafe! captures the core learning objectives of the 16hour Operational Leadership course while allowing volunteers to learn from their own homes online.‎ The TrailSafe! series includes eight video lessons, each ranging in length from 18 to 40 minutes. Watch them over the course of multiple days, or “bingewatch” the entire series in three hours—it’s up to you—but please watch them in order from Lesson 1 through Lesson 8. After viewing the lessons, send your training verification(证实) emails to register your participation. When you have viewed and registered for all eight individual lessons, each participant will receive a TrailSafe! pin and a SPE/GAR card in the mail for use in the field. Thank you for helping to make Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore one of the safest work environments for NPS Trail Volunteers like yourself.‎ Ready to start?‎ Click on this link to access all TrailSafe! videos: https: //www.nps.gov/iatr/trailsafe.htm If you require Audio Descriptive versions of TrailSafe！， the link to those videos is also available on the Ice Age National Scenic Trail site.‎ Record your participation In order to receive credits for your participation, please fill in your answers to the following questions and send an email to: daniel_watson@nps.gov.‎ ‎●Which video lesson did you just complete viewing?‎ ‎●Name of the Trail where you volunteer.‎ ‎●Your name and full mailing address, so we may send your course completion materials to you.‎ ‎●Names and addresses of others if you are viewing this lesson in a group setting.‎ ‎●Optional：Please let us know any comments or suggestions you have about this lesson.‎ Upon registering your completion for the entire eight lesson series, you’ll receive your TrailSafe! pin and risk assessment card via mail.‎ 16‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了TrailSafe！道路安全培训课程的情况，包括学习方法、申报途径等。‎ ‎5．What is the aim of TrailSafe！？‎ A．To develop volunteers’ operational leadership.‎ B．To offer links to the websites for learning.‎ C．To provide credits for viewing.‎ D．To pass the risk assessment.‎ A　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“It’s based upon NPS Operational Leadership Training, where the human factor of safety is explored.”，并结合该段内容可知，TrailSafe！培训课程基于NPS运营领导培训，在此培训中探索安全方面的人为因素。据此可推知，该课程旨在开发志愿者的运营领导能力，故A项正确。‎ ‎6．How long does it take the participants to watch the eight videos at a time?‎ A．18 minutes.　　　　　　　　 B．40 minutes.‎ C．3 hours. D．16 hours.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“‘bingewatch’ the entire series in three hours”可知，一次性看完8个视频课程需要3个小时，故C项正确。‎ ‎7．What should the participants do to get a SPE/GAR card?‎ A．Watch and register for all the series.‎ B．Give some comments on the lessons.‎ C．Send and receive training mail.‎ D．Answer all of the questions.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“When you have viewed and registered for all eight individual lessons, each participant will receive a TrailSafe! pin and a SPE/GAR card in the mail for use in the field.”可知，在观看并注册所有8个单独的课程后，每个参与者将会在邮箱里收到用于该领域的TrailSafe！徽章和SPE或GAR卡，故A项正确。‎ ‎8．What can be inferred about the job of NPS Trail Volunteers?‎ A．It is popular with everyone.‎ B．It can be dangerous.‎ C．It shall be completed online.‎ D．It needs NPS working experience.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句中的“a unique safety training program designed specifically for National Park Service(NPS) Trail Volunteers”和第二句中的“where the human factor of safety is explored”以及最后一段中的“risk 16‎ ‎ assessment”可推知，NPS道路志愿者工作是一项危险的工作，故B项正确。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2020·商丘高三模拟)Are you happy with your appearance? 1.________‎ ‎“Almost all the girls with singlefold eyelids(单眼皮) in our class have had double eyelid operations，” Zeng, a Senior 2 student from Chengdu, told Xinhua. Zeng had the same surgery done this summer. 2.________‎ From popular photoediting apps to plastic surgery(整形手术), it seems that large eyes, pale skin and a skinny body are the only standard for beauty these days. But can following this standard really make us feel good about ourselves?‎ ‎3．________ According to Huxiu News, over six in ten girls choose not to take part in certain daily activities, such as attending school, because they feel bad about their looks. As much as 31 percent of teenagers avoid speaking up in class because they worry that others will notice their looks.‎ ‎“Many teenagers are upset about their appearance because they believe in unrealistic standards of beauty，” experts say. 4.________ Seeing all these things can make anyone believe that they’re too dark, too fat, too short, or too tall.‎ However, trying to live up to strict standards can make us feel anxious. What troubles us is not just our “imperfect” looks, but the fact that we criticize ourselves too much.‎ ‎5．________ Plussize models are being featured in some fashion shows. All of us should be just as confident as they are.‎ A．Beauty comes in all shapes and sizes.‎ B．Some teenagers might feel negative about their appearance.‎ C．Body image anxiety is common among teenagers.‎ D．Guys care just as much as girls do about their body image.‎ E．She and many of her classmates believe bigger eyes look more beautiful.‎ F．It’s common for teenagers to feel confident about their appearance.‎ G．Perfect faces and bodies are everywhere in advertising, TV shows and social media.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要讨论了青少年如何看待自己的外貌，鼓励青少年要对自己的外貌有信心，美的形式各有不同。‎ ‎1．B　解析：承接上文“Are you happy with your appearance？”，并结合选项可知，选项B对此问题作出了回应，所以选B项。‎ ‎2．E　解析：根据语境及空前一句“Zeng had the same surgery done this 16‎ ‎ summer.”可知，Zeng也做了双眼皮手术，故E项“她和她的许多同学认为大眼睛看起来更漂亮”符合语境，承接上文。‎ ‎3．C　解析：本段主要讲的是很多青少年对自己的外貌不满意，甚至感到焦虑，故C项“外貌焦虑在青少年中很普遍”适合作本段主题句。‎ ‎4．G　解析：根据空后的“Seeing all these things can make anyone believe that they’re too dark, too fat, too short, or too tall.”，并结合上文“unrealistic standards of beauty”可推知，通过与非现实的审美标准形成对比，许多青少年对自己的外貌有自卑感，与选项G的内容联系紧密，所以选G项。‎ ‎5．A　解析：根据下文“All of us should be just as confident as they are.”可知，本段主要讲的是要对自己的外貌有信心，美的形式多种多样，而不是只有一个标准，所以选A项。‎ Ⅲ.完形填空 ‎(2020·合肥重点高中模拟)Jayce began noticing when he was in kindergarten that he looked different from his classmates. They had two arms. He had one.‎ It started when one boy __1__him, said his mother, Lewis. He’d return to his home with questions：“Why am I __2__？ Why me？” His mother recalled he was actually sad and that it was a heavy __3__ to his heart.‎ Lewis __4__ she didn’t know what to do at that point. A few weeks later, Lewis turned on the TV and saw a news story about an eighth grader, Trashaun, becoming an Internet hit after __5__ videos of his slam dunks(灌篮), and, like Jayce, he __6__ most of his left arm. Lewis called Jayce in. To her surprise, Jayce was immediately __7__. At the time, it seemed that watching Trashaun was __8__ an inspiring moment for Jayce—he saw a role model with a similar __9__. If it had stayed just that, Lewis would have been happy enough. But little did she know that a family friend had already __10__ to the newspaper to help set up a __11__ with Trashaun to build Jayce’s confidence.‎ The boys met and instantly __12__ with each other as both of them were in the same condition. They rode bikes, took photos, and played basketball on the court. Instead of spending the whole day feeling __13__ for themselves, they had a lot of fun. However, Trashaun did get __14__ with Jayce sometimes. They talked about his left arm. He told Jayce he was perfect the way he was made. He also told him not to let anyone __15__ him and not to let those words shake his __16__．‎ Since that meeting, Lewis has seen a noticeable __17__ in her son. As for Trashaun, his relationship with Jayce made him __18__ to help more kids. “Honestly, it __19__‎ 16‎ ‎ a lot to know that I changed Jayce’s life，” Trashaun says. Still, he never dreamed that his __20__ would have such an impact. “I just thought my friends would see them, and be like, ‘Oh, he dunked it！’”‎ He certainly did.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Trashaun帮助Jayce重拾信心的故事。‎ ‎1．A.supported　　　　　　　　　 B．teased C．cheated D．pleased B　解析：根据第一段可知，Jayce在幼儿园时注意到自己和同班同学不一样，因为他只有一只胳膊，结合下文中的“he was actually sad and that it was a heavy ______ to his heart”可推知，此处是说Jayce因为缺少一只胳膊而被一个男孩嘲笑(teased)，故选B。‎ ‎2．A.lonely B．silly C．different D．ordinary C　解析：根据语境可知，Jayce不明白自己为什么与别人不同(different)，故选C。‎ ‎3．A.duty B．breath C．debt D．blow D　解析：根据上文Jayce被嘲笑并结合语境可推知，缺少一只胳膊不仅让Jayce很难过，而且这对其心灵是一个沉重的打击(blow)，故选D。‎ ‎4．A.argued B．promised C．suspected D．admitted D　解析：根据语境可推知，当时Lewis承认(admitted)她并不知道应该做些什么(来帮助她的儿子)，故选D。‎ ‎5．A.downloading B．posting C．buying D．watching B　解析：根据语境可知，Trashaun把他自己的灌篮视频发布(posting)到网上后走红，故选B。‎ ‎6．A.lost B．hurt C．used D．recovered A　解析：根据该句中的“like Jayce”和“most of his left arm”，并结合上文Jayce少了一只胳膊可推知，Trashaun的境况和Jayce一样，他失去(lost)了大部分左胳膊，故选A。‎ ‎7．A.satisfied B．confused C．bored D．attracted D　解析：根据下文中的“At the time, it seemed that watching Trashaun was ________ an inspiring moment for Jayce”可推知，Jayce 16‎ 立刻被Trashaun的故事吸引(attracted)了，故选D。‎ ‎8．A.hardly B．simply C．still D．never B　解析：根据下文中的“If it had stayed just that, Lewis would have been happy enough.”可推知，当时看Trashaun的视频对Jayce来说只是(simply)一个鼓舞人心的时刻，故选B。‎ ‎9．A.response B．family C．problem D．education C　解析：根据语境可推知，Jayce缺少一只胳膊，Trashaun失去了大部分左胳膊，故此处指他们两个有类似的问题(problem)，故选C。‎ ‎10．A.reached out B．looked out C．got out D．turned out A　解析：根据语境可推知，Lewis的一位朋友已经联系(reached out)了报社来帮助安排Jayce和Trashaun的会面(meeting)，从而增强Jayce的自信心，故选A。‎ ‎11．A.game B．fighting C．trap D．meeting D　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎12．A.bonded B．competed C．parted D．raced A　解析：根据下文中的“They rode bikes, took photos, and played basketball on the court.”可推知，两个男孩拥有相同的境况，很快建立了互信关系。bond with sb.“建立(与某人的)互信关系”，为固定搭配，故选A。‎ ‎13．A.happy B．grateful C．sorry D．fearful C　解析：根据语境“Instead of”可推知，此处与下文的“fun”形成对比，故选C。‎ ‎14．A.angry B．serious C．tough D．familiar B　解析：根据空前的“However”与下文中的“They talked about his left arm.”可推知，Trashaun有时也会和Jayce有严肃的(serious)时刻，他们会谈论他的左胳膊，故选B。‎ ‎15．A.approach B．comfort C．discourage D．leave C　解析：根据语境可推知，此处是Trashaun在鼓励Jayce，告诉他不要让任何人使他气馁(discourage)，也不要让其他人的话动摇他的信心(confidence)，故选C。‎ 16‎ ‎16．A.confidence B．patience C．sadness D．honesty A　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎17．A.advantage B．scar C．drawback D．change D　解析：根据下文中的“‘Honestly, it ________ a lot to know that I changed Jayce’s life，’ Trashaun says.”可推知，自从那次会面后，Jayce发生了显著的变化(change)，故选D。‎ ‎18．A.expect B．agree C．hesitate D．refuse A　解析：根据下文中的“‘Honestly, it ________ a lot to know that I changed Jayce’s life，’ Trashaun says.”可推知，通过和Jayce的交往，Trashaun了解到自己改变了Jayce，这让他期望(expect)能够帮助更多的孩子，故选A。‎ ‎19．A.cares B．means C．saves D．takes B　解析：结合上题解析可推知，了解到自己改变了Jayce对Trashaun来讲意义(means)重大，故选B。‎ ‎20．A.attitudes B．words C．videos D．disabilities C　解析：根据下文中的“I just thought my friends would see them, and be like, ‘Oh, he dunked it！’”可推知，此处指的是Trashaun之前上传到网上的视频(videos)，故选C。‎ 课时练2　2篇阅读＋1篇七选五＋‎ ‎1篇语法填空 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·北京怀柔区高三模拟) Scientists are preparing to launch the world’s first machine to clean up the planet’s largest mass of ocean plastic.‎ The experts believe the machine should be able to collect half of the detritus in the patch—about 40，000 metric tons—within five years. In the past few weeks they have been busy welding together giant tubes that will sit on the surface of the sea and form the skeleton of the machine, creating the largest floating barrier ever made.‎ The system, originally dreamt up by Mr. Slat, will be shipped out this summer 16‎ ‎ to the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, between Hawaii and California, which contains estimated 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic. It will be the first ever attempt to tackle the patch since it was discovered in 1997.‎ Mr. Slat was 16 and still at school when he was diving in Greece and first saw for himself the amount of plastic polluting the sea. “There were more bags than fish down there，” he recalls. Two years later he came up with a solution, quit university after six months and set up The Ocean Cleanup as a company. Mr. Slat says the first plastic to arrive on shore will be a major milestone. “We as humanity created this problem, so I think it’s also our responsibility to help solve it，” he says.‎ The Great Pacific Garbage Patch(GPGP) covers an area of 1.6 million square kilometers and contains at least 79，000 tons of plastic, research found last month. Most of it is made up of “ghost gear”—parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropes—often from illegal fishing vessels.‎ Ghost gear kills more than 100，000 whales, dolphins and seals each year, according to scientific surveys. Seabirds and other marine life are increasingly being found dead with stomachs full of small pieces of plastic. Creatures eat plastic discarded in the sea thinking it’s food but then starve to death because they are not feeding properly. Others are trapped and die of starvation or are strangled or suffocated by ghost gear.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界首个海洋垃圾清扫机的发明。‎ ‎1．What does the underlined word “detritus” in the second paragraph probably mean?‎ A．Waste. B．Ocean.‎ C．System. D．Machine.‎ A　解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词前的“collect half of”和第四段第一句中的“first saw for himself the amount of plastic polluting the sea”和第五段最后一句中的“parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropes—often from illegal fishing vessels”可推知，画线词的意思是“垃圾”。故选A。‎ ‎2．Which one makes up most of the garbage in Pacific from the passage?‎ A．Fishing vessels.‎ B．Dolphins and seals.‎ C．Giant tubes.‎ D．Abandoned fishing gear.‎ 16‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“Most of it is made up of ‘ghost gear’—parts of abandoned and lost fishing gear, such as nets and ropes—often from illegal fishing vessels.”可知，太平洋里的大部分垃圾是由废弃的钓鱼用具组成的。‎ ‎3．Why do some creatures in The Great Pacific Garbage Patch die of starvation?‎ A．Because they are killed by ghost gear.‎ B．Because they are suffocated by ghost gear.‎ C．Because they don’t like eating plastic.‎ D．Because they are not feeding properly.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句中的“but then starve to death because they are not feeding properly”可知，太平洋垃圾带的一些生物死于饥饿是因为它们不能正常地进食。‎ ‎4．What is the main idea of the passage?‎ A．A report about the death of marine life.‎ B．News about the first machine to clean up ocean plastic.‎ C．Information about ocean plastic.‎ D．The reason for inventing a machine.‎ B　解析：主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界首个海洋垃圾清扫机的发明。第一段“Scientists are preparing to launch the world’s first machine to clean up the planet’s largest mass of ocean plastic.”点明了文章的主题。故选B。‎ B ‎(2020·安徽五校质检) We humans are addicted to sugar. That makes sense. All animals need sugar to live. It’s the fuel that powers our cells. So it’s not surprising that we’re born to want the sweet stuff.‎ Sugar stores the sun’s energy like a battery. After a meal, your body breaks down foods into their building blocks. It uses some sugar for energy right away. The rest get stored for the body to break down later. It’s a myth that sugar makes you extremely excited, but having a sugary snack can give you a quick burst of energy. That’s because the sugar in sweet foods is easy for your body to turn into fuel. When you eat other kinds of foods, like vegetables, it takes longer for your body to break the sugar down.‎ These days it’s easy to find sweet snacks. Sodas, candy, cakes and even foods that seem healthy, such as yogurt, can be packed with sugar. Food makers add sugar, because they know that to humans, sweet makes everything taste better. Americans 16‎ ‎ eat about 20 teaspoons of extra sugar every day. That’s way more than what is good for us.‎ Eating too much sugar can cause more than a stomachache. It can make people overweight, decay the teeth and even cause diabetes. However, experts aren’t worried about naturally sweet foods—the problem is added sugar. So go ahead and enjoy sweet apples or even sugar—rich carrots that are also full of vitamins and other good stuff.‎ Even cake is great once in a while, as long as you don’t overdo it. After all, no one wants life to be dull. And your body needs its fuel!‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。糖能给人体提供必需的能量，且易分解，人天生需要糖分；虽然甜食尝起来可口，但是我们不要过多食用。‎ ‎5．The first two paragraphs are mainly developed by ________．‎ A．cause and effect　　　　　 B．problem and solution C．giving examples D．making comparisons A　解析：写作手法题。根据第一段尾句“So it’s not surprising that we’re born to want the sweet stuff.”和第二段倒数第二句“That’s because the sugar in sweet foods is easy for your body to turn into fuel.”，并结合第一、二段的内容可知，第一段解释了人天生需要糖的原因；第二段解释了甜食能快速补充能量的原因；据此可推知，第一、二段是通过解释因果的方法组织内容的，故A项正确。‎ ‎6．People may be tricked into eating too much sugar because ________．‎ A．no one wants life to be boring B．we’re born to want the sweet stuff C．socalled healthy food can be packed with sugar D．sugar is the fuel for the plants and animals on the earth C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句“These days it’s easy to find sweet snacks. Sodas, candy, cakes and even foods that seem healthy, such as yogurt, can be packed with sugar.”可知，甜食随处可见，即使是看起来健康的食品也会含有大量糖分，故人们会误食很多含糖食品。‎ ‎7．What does the author want to stress in Paragraph 4?‎ A．We’d better say no to sweet foods.‎ B．Experts are worried about added sugar.‎ C．Eating too much sugar is bad for our health.‎ D．We’d better consume sugar from natural sources.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。通读第四段可知，‎ 16‎ 该段第一、二句介绍了食用过量的糖的害处；第三句说明专家对添加糖分的食品的担忧；第四句提出建议：吃富含糖但也富含维生素和其他有益成分的天然食物。据此可推知，该段旨在强调，我们最好食用天然食物来摄入糖分，故D项正确。‎ ‎8．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A．Sugar Is Everywhere B．Sugar Brings Happiness C．Why Do We Love Sugar?‎ D．Why Does Sugar Make Us Fat?‎ C　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，糖能给人体提供必需的能量，且易分解，人天生需要糖分；虽然甜食尝起来可口，但是食用过量的糖有害人体健康，我们最好食用不但富含糖分、还含有维生素和其他有益成分的天然食物。故C项最适合作本文标题。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2020·泉州高三模拟)Whoever wrote the song “It’s the Most Wonderful Time of the Year” must have never experienced the holiday blues. Fortunately, psychological research suggests some effective ways you can use to beat the holiday blues. The key point is that sadness and other tough emotions are not what we should try to avoid. 1.________. Here are four strategies to help you make your own happiness recipe this holiday season.‎ Don’t force cheer At family gatherings with cousins you secretly can’t stand, you tend to put on a happy face. Indeed, that might even seem like the most mature response—no drama, no conflict. But a 2011 study followed dozens of bus drivers, looking to see when they gave forced or honest smiles at their passengers. The results showed when the drivers pretended to have a good mood, their actual moods got worse. 2.________．‎ Let out sadness The results of the busdriver study can be explained by researchers, who find that negative feelings like sadness or anger only increase when we try to control them. 3.________. We don’t like contradictory behavior.‎ Respond cautiously Recently, scientists have been paying special attention to the benefits of caution. When you respond cautiously to an emotional trigger, you pause rather than react at once. 4.________. Besides, it is associated with less anxiety, and may even carry physiological benefits.‎ ‎5．________‎ 16‎ ‎ Of course, the holidays will bring a mix of highs and lows, but the most important lesson to keep in mind is that this variety of emotions might be the best thing possible for your overall wellbeing. In other words, sadness, anger, and other difficult emotions are nothing to fear. Just make sure you’re balancing them with lighter experiences. And don’t forget to give yourself a break.‎ A．Relax your mind B．Enjoy a mix of emotions C．We tend to deny the important function emotions serve D．Instead, they can help contribute to a healthy and happy life E．So trying to force happiness seems to have the opposite effects F．A cautious response to a negative event reduces sadness we experience G．We feel bad when our appearance contradicts how we truly feel inside ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了缓解假期忧郁的四种策略。‎ ‎1．D　解析：承接上文“The key point is that sadness and other tough emotions are not what we should try to avoid.”可知，负面情绪不是我们应该试图避免的，且与下文中的“Here are four strategies to help you make your own happiness recipe this holiday season.”衔接，并结合下文介绍的策略可推知，此处表示负面情绪反而有助于健康、快乐地生活，故选D。‎ ‎2．E　解析：结合本段小标题Don’t force cheer和对本段的整体理解可推知，强颜欢笑会适得其反，故选E。‎ ‎3．G　解析：根据上文中的“negative feelings like sadness or anger only increase when we try to control them”和下文中的“We don’t like contradictory behavior.”可推知，此处表示当我们的外表和内心的情感不一致时我们会感觉很糟糕，故选G。‎ ‎4．F　解析：根据本段小标题Respond cautiously以及空前一句中的“When you respond cautiously”和空后一句“Besides, it is associated with less anxiety, and may even carry physiological benefits.”可推知，F项符合语境，其中的“cautious response”也是提示。‎ ‎5．B　解析：根据空处所在位置可知，空处是段落小标题；根据对本段的整体理解可推知，本段主要讲的是享受混合情绪，故选B。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2020·合肥高三质检)One habit of those people who are smarter than everyone else is to stay up late. In movies, the creative genius always works late into the midnight hours by candlelight—and perhaps this style 1.____________(root) in fact.‎ A study 2.____________ experts from the London School of Economics and Political ‎ 16‎ Science found that people who tend to go to bed later have 3.____________(high) IQs. 4.____________ study authors believe the root of why this is lies in our evolution—because nighttime was a more dangerous time, and our ancestors who were to stay up instead of going to sleep 5.____________(need) to be more intelligent. Also, 6.____________(stay) awake into the night was a new idea 7.____________ was attractive to curious minds.‎ Today, our varying living rhythms may still reflect this. “Perhaps some smart people stay up later because their internal clocks are 8.____________(simple) different，” Dr. Wai says. “Or, perhaps they stay up later because they tend to be alone, and like being up late at night without distractions to think and solve their 9.____________(problem)．” But if you are a night owl, still remember 10.____________(get) your seven to nine hours of sleep.‎ ‎【解题导语】　研究表明，有熬夜习惯的人有更高的智商。‎ ‎1．is rooted　解析：考查固定用法。根据语境可知，这种电影的情节可能来源于真实情况。be rooted in sth.“起源于某事物”是固定用法，且此处叙述的是一般情况，应用一般现在时，故填is rooted。‎ ‎2．by　解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，此处是说一项由专家所作的研究，故填by。‎ ‎3．higher　解析：考查形容词比较级。根据上下文及空前的“go to bed later”可知，这里是说睡觉更晚的人有更高的智商，故此处用high的比较级higher。‎ ‎4．The　解析：考查冠词。这里特指上文提到的研究的作者们，故用定冠词The。‎ ‎5．needed　解析：考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，此处叙述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填needed。‎ ‎6．staying　解析：考查动名词。分析句子结构可知，此处为动名词短语作主语。‎ ‎7．that/which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a new idea，在从句中作主语，故填that/which。‎ ‎8．simply　解析：考查副词。修饰形容词应用副词，故用simple的副词形式simply修饰其后的形容词different。‎ ‎9．problems　解析：考查名词的单复数。根据句意“也许他们熬夜是因为他们倾向于独处，并且喜欢深夜全神贯注地来思考和解决问题”，且problem为可数名词可知，此处应用problem的复数形式，故填problems。‎ ‎10．to get　解析：考查非谓语动词。remember to do sth.“记得去做某事”为固定用法，故填to get。‎ 16‎ 16‎