【英语】广东省汕头市金山中学2019-2020学年高一上10月月考试题(解析版) 28页

广东省汕头市金山中学2019-2020学年高一上10月月考 英语试题 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。‎ 第一卷选择题部分(满分110分)‎ 第一部分 听力（共20小题；每题1分, 满分20分）‎ 略 第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分 50分)‎ 第一节单项填空 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)‎ 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎1.It was in the theatre ________ the man met his old friend ________ we saw this film.‎ A. when, where B. that, where C. where, that D. when, that ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查强调句和定语从句。句意：就是在这位男士遇到他老友的电影院我们看了这部电影。分析句子结构可知，第一空处考查定语从句，先行词the theater在从句the man met his old friend中充当地点状语，故用关系副词where；第二空处考查强调句，强调地点，用it was + 地点+that，故第二空填that。故选C项。‎ ‎2.There was a time ________ he suffered from loneliness, but everything has become better ________ his mother came back from America;‎ A. that, when B. when, since C. since, when D. when, after ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查定语从句和时间状语从句。句意：曾经有一段时间他遭受了孤独，但是自妈妈从美国回来后，一切都变得更好了。分析句子结构可知，第一空处考查固定句型there was a time when…曾经…，其中when引导定语从句；第二空处考查时间状语，结合句意和现在完成时可知，此处用“自从”符合语境，故选B项。‎ ‎3.The little girl ________ go out alone at night.‎ A. dared not B. dares not C. don’t dare D. dare not to ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查dare的用法。句意：这个小女孩晚上不敢独自出去。dare作为情态动词的用法是dare (not) do敢/不敢做某事（有一般过去时），作为实义动词的用法是(not) dare to ‎ do敢/不敢做某事，结合以上用法说明可知该题用dared not符合语法规则，此时的dared是情态动词的过去时形式，其后接动词原形。故选A项。‎ ‎4.They say your report doesn’t ______ the fact. But I don’t ______ them ______ this point.‎ A. agree to; agree with; at B. agree on; agree to; on C. agree on; agree on; on D. agree with; agree with; on ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查动词短语。句意：他们说你的报道与事实不符，但是在这一点我不同意他们。agree with的用法，意思“与……不符；同意某人的意见”， agree on意思“对某事物有同样看法”， agree to意思“同意”。所以选D ‎5.I'll phone you if she ________ this evening. In fact, she didn't tell me if she ________.‎ A. would come; will come B. will come, came C. comes; would come D. come; came ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查时态。句意：如果她今晚要来我会给你打电话。事实上，她没有告诉我她是否会来。结合句意可知，第一空处考查if引导的条件状语从句，因为主语是一般将来时，故从句用一般现在时表将来，主语she是第三人称单数，故动词用三单现形式，即comes；第二空处考查if引导的宾语从句，因为主句是一般过去时，故从句用过去将来时，即would come。故选C项。‎ ‎【点睛】本题考查if引导的状语从句和宾语从句，当if引导状语从句时，意为“如果”，此时要注意主将从现原则；当if引导宾语从句时，意为“是否”，此时要注意宾语从句时态要根据主句和从句一起来确定。以本题为例：‎ 根据句意判断第一空处考查if引导的条件状语从句，符合主将从现原则，主语she是第三人称单数，故动词用三单现形式，即comes；第二空处考查if引导的宾语从句，从句原本应用将来时，但因为主句是一般过去时，故从句用过去将来时，即would come。‎ ‎6.While the hostess was getting me ________ into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a garage.‎ A. settle B. settling C. settled D. be settled ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当女主人把我安排在一个小而干净的房间住下时，村长把他的马套在我的车上，准备把车拉到车库。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作宾补，settle和逻辑主语“我”之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词，即settled。故选C项。‎ ‎7.I ________________ in the exam, but I was too careless.‎ A. should have been careful B. must have been careful C. should be careful D. must have been careful ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查情态动词+have done的用法。句意：我本应该在考试时仔细点，但是我太粗心了。结合语境可知，此处是虚拟语气，考查should have done本该做某事（事实上没做），故选A项。‎ ‎【点睛】本题考查 情态动词过去式+have done 用于虚拟语气的情况，常见的表达有：should/ shouldn't have done; could/ couldn't have done; would/ wouldn't have done; might have done/ needn't have done 例如：‎ ‎1. Thanks to your help, otherwise I couldn't have achieved so much.多亏你帮助，否则我本不能实现这么多。‎ ‎2. It turned out sunny. I needn't have brought my umbrella. 阳光普照，我本不必带雨伞的。‎ ‎8.It was not until midnight ________ raining.‎ A. that it was to stop B. when it didn't stop C. that it stopped D. when did it stop ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查强调句。句意：直到午夜雨才停。分析句子结构可知，此处考查和not until相关的强调句，其结构为it is/was not until…that…，故选C项。‎ ‎9.They asked me to ________ what he remembered then.‎ A. put out B. put on C. set out D. set down ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们叫我写下他当时所记得到的。A. put out熄灭；B. put on穿上，上演；C. set out启程；D. set down记下，写下。结合句意可知此处用“写下他当时所记得的”符合语境，故选D项。‎ ‎10.The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather ________ the helplessness of the crew at sea.‎ A. calmed down B. set up C. added up D. added to ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：船的发动机出了问题，糟糕的天气增添了船员们的无助感。A. calmed down使…冷静；B. set up搭建，成立；C. added up加起来；D. added to增添。结合句意可知此处用“增添了无助感”符合语境，故选D项。‎ ‎11.America is an ________ country.You can hear ________ everywhere.‎ A. English－spoken；English speaking B. English－speaking；English spoken C. speaking－English；English spoken D. spoken English；English speaking ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查复合形容词和宾语补足语用法。句意：美国是个说英语的国家。你到处都能听到人们说英语。复合形容词English-speaking 讲英语的..；第二空的English与speak构成被动关系，故使用过去分词的形式。句意：美国是一个讲英语的国家。你到处都可以听见英语被讲。故B正确。‎ ‎【点睛】复合形容词要加强对其形成结构的记忆，名词+现在分词；名词+过去分词等不同的形式；宾语补足语要看动词与宾语的关系，通过构成主动，就用现在分词，如果构成被动就用过去分词。‎ ‎12.—Oh, it's you! I _______ you.‎ ‎—I have just had my hair cut and I ‘m wearing new glasses.‎ A. didn't recognize B. hadn't recognize C. haven't recognized D. don't recognize ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查时态。句意：——噢，是你啊。我刚没认出你来。——我剪了头发，而且我还戴着新眼睛。结合语境可知，“我没认出你”的动作发生在说话之前，应用一般过去时，故选A项。‎ ‎13.Every minute must be made full use ________ our English.‎ A. of improving B. to improve C. of to improve D. improve ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：每一分钟都要充分利用来提高英语。结合句意和句子结构可知，此空首先考查固定短语make full use of充分利用，然后考查不定式作为目的状语，表达“充分利用每一分钟”的目的。故选C项。‎ ‎14.The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ________ rising steadily since 2000.‎ A. is B. are C. have been D. has been ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自2000年，在中国上大学的海外学生的数量一直在稳步上升。“the number of+名词复数”作主语时谓语动词用单数形式，再结合句意和since判断此处用现在完成进行时，即has been doing。故选D项。‎ ‎【点睛】本题考查the number of + 名词复数（……的数量） 作主语时谓语动词用单数形式，和该短语进行对照的是a number of + 名词复数（大量…）作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。例如：‎ ‎1. The number of students is increasing steadily.学生的数量在稳步上升。‎ ‎2. A number of students are running on the playground.大量学生在操场上跑步。‎ ‎15.The way_________ I thought of _________ this problem proves to be practical.‎ A. in which; to solve B. that; to solve C. which; solving D. that; solving ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查定语从句和固定短语。句意：我所想到的解决这个问题的方法证明是可行的。第一空考查定语从句，先行词the way在从句中充当宾语，故用关系代词that；第二空考查固定短语the way to do sth做…的方法。故选B项。‎ ‎【点睛】第一空处考查先行词是the way的用法 先行词是the way是关系词只能在that/ in which/ 选择，例如 ‎1. I don’t like the way that/ in which/ you treat your parents。我不喜欢你对待父母的方式。‎ ‎2. Is this the way that/ you suggested? 这就是你建议的方法吗？‎ ‎16.You'd better not eat too much fast food, ________ potato chips and hamburgers, if you don't want to put on weight.‎ A. such as B. instead of C. because of D. for example ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：如果你不想长胖，最好别吃太多快餐，例如炸薯条和汉堡。A. such as例如；B. instead of而不是；C. because of因为；D. for example例如。such as意为“例如”，用来罗列同类人或物中的几个例子；for example意为“例如”，一般只列举同类人或物中的一个为例。结合句意可知此处用“例如”符合语境，又potato chips和hamburgers是两个名词，故用such as。故选A项。‎ ‎17.We won't give up ________ we should fail 100 times.‎ A. as if B. even C. if D. even if ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：即使失败了100次，我们也不会放弃。A. as if好像；B. even甚至；C. if如果；D. even if即使。结合句意可知，此处考查让步状语从句，用“即使”符合语境，故选D项。‎ ‎18. There is ______ is called Mr. Smith in our workshop.‎ A. no such man as B. no such a man as C. no such man D. no such a man that ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们车间没有叫史密斯先生的人。先行词前面有such修饰的时候，如果用关系代词前面有such, the same, as many, as much修饰的时候，后面由as引导。no= not a ;故no不与a 连用。故A正确。‎ ‎19.Which of the following sentences is CORRECT?‎ A. Do you think who will join us tomorrow?‎ B. Where do you guess will be the next stop for their journey?‎ C. How many people you consider will be given the chance to attend the class?‎ D. What do you suppose will Jim bring to us when he arrives?‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查固定句型。结合选项可知本题考查固定句型：特殊疑问词 + do you think/believe/ suppose/ consider…+陈述句。符合该结构的选项是Where do you guess will be the next stop for their journey?故选B项。‎ ‎20.—My father said: "I went to see you yesterday but did not meet you there."‎ ‎—My father said to me that ________________.‎ A. he had come to see me the day before but hadn't met me there.‎ B. he came to see me that day but had not met me here.‎ C. he had come to see me the day before yesterday but hadn't met me here.‎ D. he came to see me the last day but didn't meet me there.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查直接引语变间接引语。句意：我的爸爸说：“我昨天去看你，但没在那儿遇到你。”把直接引语转换成间接引语时要注意三点：人称，时态，语序。根据以上原则，该句在转换时要把''I''变成第三人称''he'', ''you''变成第一人称''me''；因为主句是一般过去时，所以从句变为过去的过去，即过去完成时；语序不变。综上，本句改写成：My father said to me that he had come to see me but had not met me there. 故选A项。‎ 第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其段落大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Communication is an important part of any relationship. Many of us are ____21____ to share our experiences or emotions with our friends. But when it's our turn to lend a（n）____22____,we soon become bored or are short of idea on how to ____23____ and offer advice.‎ That's because of what researchers call ''listener burnout（倦怠）''. Friend might talk to us ____24____,often complaining about the same ____25____ problems. When we offer quick advice to ____26____ the situation, we may be unconsciously trying to ____27____ ourselves from burnout. However, good listeners ____28____ their natural tendency to solve the other's problems hurriedly and to keep the conversation brief.‎ To be a good ____29____, you need to use "active listening". It starts with the real _____30_____ to help others and think through their feelings. Don't ____31____ things. You can start by putting your phone ____32____ and sitting close to your friend. Let your facial ‎ expressions _____33_____ what he or she is saying. ____34____ you are able to fully understand, acknowledge the other person's _____35_____ by reflecting them back: ''That must be really hard for you. '' Use _____36_____ words or even sounds such as ''yes'', ''right'', and "hmm"to____37____ the other person to continue.‎ Of course, a ____38____ can be extremely hard if the other person is too critical. But don't get defensive. Effective listeners don't ____39____ negative criticism. Instead, they listen and understand what the person is trying to convey ____40____ responding.‎ ‎21. A. afraid B. anxious C. shy D. eager ‎22. A. shoulder B. hand C. ear D. eye ‎23. A. respond B. explain C. argue D. stop ‎24. A. aimlessly B. endlessly C. deliberately D. carelessly ‎25. A. difficult B. old C. interesting D. sensitive ‎26. A. fix B. discuss C. create D. describe ‎27. A. forgive B. protect C. discourage D. prevent ‎28. A. feed B. display C. form D. overcome ‎29. A. reader B. partner C. listener D. speaker ‎30. A. demand B. habit C. desire D. ability ‎31. A. ignore B. rush C. change D. request ‎32. A. away B. off C. out D. up ‎33. A. record B. express C. reflect D. replace ‎34. A. Whether B. Since C. While D. If ‎35. A. suggestions B. purposes C. responses D. feelings ‎36. A. big B. tough C. strong D. short ‎37. A. force B. remind C. encourage D. convince ‎38. A. conversation B. suggestion C. problem D. 1ecture ‎39. A. give up B. make up C. 1eave out D. block out ‎40. A. after B. before C. while D. once ‎【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。交流在人际关系种起着重要作用，许多人都愿意和朋友分享自己的经历或者感情，但是如何做一个善于倾听的人？文章对这个问题进行了说明。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们很多人都渴望和朋友分享我们的经历或者情感。A. afraid害怕的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. shy害羞的；D. eager渴望的。根据下文的But when it's our turn to lend a（n）____2____,we soon become bored or are short of idea可知上下文是转折意义，故此处应选择一个正向感情色彩的词，故选D项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是当轮到我们倾听时，我们很快会变得无聊或者不知道如何回应和提出建议。A. shoulder肩膀；B. hand手；C. ear耳朵；D. eye眼睛。根据下文的listener burnout（倦怠）可知此处用“耳朵”符合语境和逻辑，故选C项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. respond回应；B. explain解释；C. argue争论；D. stop停止。根据下文的and offer advice.可知此处用“做出回应”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：朋友可能无止尽地和我们交谈，常常抱怨那些相同的老问题。A. aimlessly漫无目的地；B. endlessly无止尽地；C. deliberately故意地；D. carelessly粗心地。结合上下文可知，此处是指朋友不断地向我们抱怨，故选B项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查形容词义辨析。句意：同上。A. difficult困难的；B. old老的；C. interesting有趣的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据上文的listener burnout（倦怠）可知此处用“老问题”符合语境，故选B项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们给出快速的建议来解决这个问题时，我们可能无意识地试图保护自己，使自己免于精疲力竭。A. fix修复，解决；B. discuss讨论；C. create创造；D. describe描述。结合句意可知，给出快速建议的目的就是为了解决问题，且下文的solve the other's problems也有暗示，fix和solve是同义词复现，故选A项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. forgive原谅；B. protect保护；C. discourage使灰心；D. prevent阻止。结合句意可知，我们给出快速建议的目的是保护自己不受朋友无休止抱怨的伤害，故选B项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，好的倾听者会克服他们的自然倾向来迅速解决他人的问题，并且让对话简单。A. feed喂养；B. display展示；C. form形成；D. overcome克服。结合上下文可知，此句和上句是转折意义，故用“克服”符合语境，故选D项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：做一个好的倾听者需要积极地倾听他人的诉说。A. reader读者；B. partner搭档；C. listener倾听者；D. speaker发言人。根据上文的However, good listeners ____8____ their natural tendency to solve the other's problems可知此处用“倾听者”符合语境，listener是原词复现，故选C项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：开始时要有真的要帮助别人的渴望，并认真考虑他们的感情。A. demand要求；B. habit习惯；C. desire渴望；D. ability能力。结合句意可知，此处是指一定要打心眼里想帮助他人，故用“渴望”符合语境，故选C项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：做事不要仓促。A. ignore忽略；B. rush仓促行事；C. change改变；D. request请求。根据下文的You can start by putting your phone ___12___ and sitting close to your friend.可知作者建议我们有条不紊地处理事情，故此处用“不要仓促”符合语境，故选B项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：把你的手机收起来，紧紧地坐在朋友身边。A. (put) away收起来；B. (put) off推迟；C. (put) out熄灭；D. (put) up举起。结合句意可知，此处是指我们应该认真倾听朋友的倾述，故用“把手机收起来”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：让你的面部表情对朋友所说的话做出反应。A. record记录；B. express表达；C. reflect反应；D. replace代替。结合上下文可知，此处是指用面部表情来表达对朋友倾述内容的理解，且下文的by reflecting them back的也有暗示，reflect是原词复现，故选C项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。句意：作为一个倾听者不管你是否能够完全理解对方，你都要对对方的感情做出回应，表达“那对你来说一定很艰难。”A. Whether不管（是否）；B. Since自从；C. While当，然而；D. If如果。结合句意可知，此处是让步状语从句，用“不管（是否）”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. suggestions建议；B. purposes目的；C. responses反应；D. feelings感情。结合句意可知，此处是指通过面部表情来表达对朋友感情的理解与否，且上文的Many of us are ____1____ to share our experiences or emotions with our friends.也有暗示，feelings和emotions是同义词复现，故选D项。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：要用简短的语言，例如：使得，好的，嗯等，来鼓励他人继续说下去。A. big大的；B. tough艰难的；C. strong强烈的；D. short短的。根据下文的''yes'', ''right'', and "hmm"可知此处用“短的语言”符合语境，故选D项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. force强迫；B. remind提醒；C. encourage鼓励；D. convince使相信。结合句意可知，此处是指用简短的语言表达对倾诉者的理解，以鼓励他继续倾诉，故选C项。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，如果另一个人太批判的话，对话会十分艰难。A. conversation对话，谈话；B. suggestion建议；C. problem问题；D. 1ecture讲座。结合全文内容可知，倾诉和倾听会产生对话，故此处用“对话”符合逻辑，故选A项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：善于倾听的人不会把负面评论阻挡在外。A. give up放弃；B. make up组成；C. 1eave out遗漏；D. block out阻挡在外。结合句意可知，此处是指好的倾听者会接收负面的评论，故选D项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们会在做出反应之前倾听并且明白这个人试图传达的意思。A. after之后；B. before 之前；C. while当；D. once一旦。结合句意可知，此处是指好的倾听者在没听完别人的倾述之前不会做出反应，故选B项。‎ 第三部分 阅读理解(共20小题；‎ 第一节共15题, 每题2分; 第二节共5题, 每题2分; 满分40分)‎ 第一节 阅读下列四篇短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。（共15题；每题2分，满分30分）‎ A ‎(Ad1) ATTENTION！！！‎ The Internet is booming!!!‎ Our business has plans to develop several Internet startup businesses.‎ We need general partners in the USA and other countries.‎ We have strong working plans for the future.‎ For more information please contact us at:‎ ‎1-801-783-2934‎ ‎(Ad2) Attention Networkers ‎1. Experience preferred ‎2. Ground Floor Opportunity ‎3. New company 10-month young ‎4. Be The First In Your Area ‎5. Stars-Cars-Weekly Pay-Low Startup Costs ‎6. Profit Sharing & Rank Bonuses start at $50,000‎ ‎7. State of the art superfood products ‎8. 24-year of success and experience in MLM For more information call April Wagner ‎1-888-216-1909‎ ‎(Ad3) A SUCCESSFUL 25-YEAR-OLD RESIDENTIAL METAL ROOF COMAPANY IS LOOKING FOR A FEW GOOD, EXPERIENCED SALES REPS ‎*Exclusive Territories *Very Little Travel is Required ‎*Many Quality Leads *Dealerships Available ‎*Unlimited Income * Straight Talk ‎*Great Financing Send Resume To: Apple.Homecraft.com Or FAX: 352.6942597‎ ‎(Ad4) Work-From-Home!‎ AVON is hiring now.‎ No experience necessary.‎ Unlimited earnings.‎ Potential.‎ Be your own boss!‎ All locations needed.‎ ‎251-518-8023‎ www.AvonJob.com ‎41. These ads are ________.‎ A. to sell their products B. to attract somebody to join them C. to inform people of some activities D. to help people improve themselves ‎42. For a graduate who just finishes college, which ad is most suitable?‎ A. Ad 1. B. Ad 2.‎ C. Ad 3. D. Ad 4.‎ ‎43. If you are a boss of a small company focusing on website service, which ad is most attractive to you?‎ A. Ad 1. B. Ad 2.‎ C. Ad 3. D. Ad 4.‎ ‎【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A ‎【解析】‎ 这一篇广告布告类短文阅读。文章介绍了几则招聘广告。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据广告中的We need general partners in the USA and other countries．Experience preferred(我们需要在美国和其他5个国家的合作伙伴，有经验优先)还有COMAPANY IS LOOKING FOR A FEW GOOD， EXPERIENCED SALES REPS(公司正在寻找一些好的、有经验的销售代表)可知全部广告均为招聘类，故推测广告的目的是吸引他人加入这些公司。B. to attract somebody to join them(为了吸引别人加入他们)符合以上说法，故选B项。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第四则广告No experience necessary．(无需工作经验)可推测刚毕业的大学生适合此项招聘。故选D项。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第一则广告Our business has plans to develop several Internet startup businesses．(我们公司计划开发几个互联网创业公司)可知，如果你是一家专注于网站服务的小公司的老板，第一个广告对你最有吸引力。故选A项。‎ B Life affects friendships. As we grow, marry, fight in wars, move across the country or change jobs, old friendships fall away and new ones form. As long as we live, the things around us change, and as long as things change, friendships are affected.‎ When we were children, we had best friends. No matter what happened we were still friends. We live our lives, however, and do what life calls for us to do, and as we get older, memories fade, faces blur（变得模糊），and even friends’ names from childhood are forgotten.‎ Do you have a question about friendship？Do you wonder what to do with a friend who is no longer friendly？ Perhaps you will see that you can’t control others. If some people want to be your friends, it is their choice. All you can do is treat them well and do the best for them when you are with them. Then you wish them well when they leave.‎ You can talk to old-timers and they will tell you that life is full of incredible（难以置信的）joy and incredible sorrow, and that what bothers you today will one day become a memory and the pain will be gone. Seniors might tell you that you will learn more as you get older. They will tell you that friendships come and friendships go. Sometimes when they go it will hurt you, but you will be okay with it. It’s theway life works, after all.‎ ‎44. According to the text, what can we learn about friendship？‎ A. Friendship cannot be easily affected by one’s family.‎ B. Friends are always around us and will never go away.‎ C. Friends in childhood are sometimes forgotten by us.‎ D. Friends in childhood are the best no matter what happens.‎ ‎45. In the author’s opinion, what should we do with friends who are no longer friendly？‎ A. Care about them and do the best for them when we are together.‎ B. Forget them and make new friends who have a lot in common with us.‎ C. Find the reason why our friendship has changed.‎ D. Do our best to control them and make them listen to us.‎ ‎46. What the old-timers and seniors in the last paragraph tell you about friendship will ______.‎ A. make you have no good friends B. help you have healthy understanding of friendship C. remind you to always help your friends D. lead you to be a powerful man WNIW HH ‎47. Which of the following could be the best title of the passage？‎ A. How to share happiness with friends B. How to deal with unfriendly people C. How to make good friends D. How to face the changes in friendship ‎【答案】44. C 45. A 46. B 47. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇议论文。主要阐述了应该如何面对友谊的改变。只要我们活着，周围的事情就会有改变，只要事情有改变，友谊就会受到影响。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段When we were children, we had best friends. No matter what happened we were still friends. We live our lives, however, and do what life calls for us to do, and as we get older, memories fade, faces blur,and even friends’ names from childhood are forgotten.（当我们还是孩子的时候，我们有最好的朋友。不管发生什么事，我们还是朋友。然而，我们过着自己的生活，做着生活要求我们做的事情，随着年龄的增长，记忆会褪色，面孔会模糊，甚至童年时朋友的名字也会被遗忘。）可知童年时代的朋友有时会被我们遗忘。故选C。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中All you can do is treat them well and do the best for them when you are with them. Then you wish them well when they leave.（你所能做的就是善待他们，当你和他们在一起的时候，为他们做最好的事情。然后你希望他们离开的时候一切都好。）可知在作者看来，当我们和不再友好的朋友在一起时，我们应该关心他们，为他们做最好的事情。故选A项。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中Seniors might tell you that you will learn more as you get older. They will tell you that friendships come and friendships go. Sometimes when they go it will hurt you, but you will be okay with it. It’s theway life works, after all.（年长者可能会告诉你，随着年龄的增长，你会学到更多的东西。他们会告诉你，友谊来了，友谊去了。有时候他们离开会伤害你，但你会没事的。毕竟，这是生活的方式。）可知老人们在最后一段告诉你的关于友谊的事情会帮助你对友谊有一个合理的理解。故选B项。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段Life affects friendships. As we grow, marry, fight in wars, move across the country or change jobs, old friendships fall away and new ones form. As long as ‎ we live, the things around us change, and as long as things change, friendships are affected.（生活影响友谊。当我们成长、结婚、打仗、搬家或换工作的时候，旧的友谊就会消失，新的友谊就会建立。只要我们活着，我们周围的事情就会改变，只要事情改变了，友谊就会受到影响。）以及纵观全文，文章主要阐述了如何面对友谊的改变。故D选项正确。‎ C There are some differences between American English and British English. Some differences are quite interesting.‎ When my friend Lily from London used the word "larder", I didn't know what it meant. Realizing I didn't follow her, she used another word. I finally knew she wanted to find something to keep some food.‎ The next word came up when we were planning a lunch date. She jotted down the date and time in her diary, while I marked my calendar. If she called me on the phone, she would ring me up. But if the line was busy, she would say the line was engaged.‎ Most times, I can know what Lily means. Last week, she regretted sending her boys to watch an early morning tennis game without their fleeces. I thought that she meant without their jackets or something like those. Other times, we have to ask each other. She recently told me a funny tale about a woman who was pissed. I wondered what had made the lady angry. It turns out that pissed means drunk.‎ Here is one more example. My British friend Jane was filling out a ticket at the grocery store（食品杂货店）recently. She asked the young man if he had a rubber. When she noticed he didn't follow her, she quickly asked for an eraser, which, in England, is often called a rubber.‎ In order to communicate well with the British, we Americans should learn some words that the British use differently. And I think people who learn English as a second language should also realize that there are differences between American English and British English.‎ ‎48. When Lily used the word "larder", she was probably looking for a ________.‎ A. cup B. ladder C. cupboard D. cooker ‎49. What does the underlined phrase "jotted down" in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ A. Wrote down. B. Left behind.‎ C. Looked for. D. Settled down.‎ ‎50. According to the passage, Lily regretted sending her boys to watch a tennis game mainly because ________. .‎ A. the game was boring B. she wanted to spend time with her boys C. she didn't dress her boys in thick clothes D. her boys got lost ‎51. What is the passage mainly about？‎ A. The British way of using words.‎ B. Some new words the writer's British friends taught her.‎ C. The reasons why Americans can't follow the British at times.‎ D. Some words used differently in British English and American English.‎ ‎【答案】48. C 49. A 50. C 51. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。作者通过生活中的一些例子告诉我们英式英语和美式英语的差异。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中的"I finally knew she wanted to find something to keep some food"可知，Lily在寻找一个可以放食物的东西，由此推断她想找的是“橱柜”。故选C。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据前文The next word came up when we were planning a lunch date.可知作者和Lily正在计划共进午餐。根据"while I marked my calendar（日历）"可知作者在日历上标记了日期，这说明她们已经定好了日期。由此推测在作者标记日期的同时，Lily将日期写在了日记本上。故选A项。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中的Last week, she regretted sending her boys to watch an early morning tennis game without their fleeces. I thought that she meant without their jackets or something like those可知Lily后悔让她的儿子在without their fleece的情况下观看清晨的网球比赛，作者猜测Lily说“without their fleeces”是想说没穿他们的夹克或者类似的衣服。这说明Lily后悔让自己的儿子去看网球比赛是因为没给自己的儿子穿厚衣服，故选C。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段There are some differences between American English and British English. Some differences are quite interesting. 可知作者说英式英语和美式英语之间有一些不同，有一些差异很有趣。之后举了一些例子来说明这些有趣的差异（主要是用词上的）。也就是本文主要讲述了英式英语和美式英语的一些词在使用上的差异，故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。本文的第一段There are some differences between American English and British English. Some differences are quite interesting.很明显就是主题句，考生只要注意第一段就可以抓住全文主旨，即英式英语和美式英语的一些差异，选出正确答案D项。‎ D If you ask people to name the one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “Shakespeare,” “Samuel Johnson,” and “Webster,” but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English-William the Conqueror.‎ Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups. In the west central region lived the Welsh, who spoke a Celtic language, and in the north lived the Scots, whose language, though not the same as Welsh, was also Celtic. In the rest of the country lived the Saxons, actually a mixture of Anglos, Saxons, and other Germanic and Nordic peoples, who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon (or Old English), a Germanic language. If this state of affairs had lasted, English today would be close to German.‎ But this state of affairs did not last. In l066 the Normans led by William defeated the Saxons and began their rule over England. For about a century, French became the official language of Eng-land while Old English became the language of peasants. As a result, English words of Politics and the law come from French rather than German. In some cases, modern English even shows a distinction (区别) between upper-class French and lower-class Anglo-Saxon in its words. We even have different words for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked, which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming, while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.‎ When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more "foreign" than France because the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more different from English than French does. Few realize that the English language is actually Germanic in its beginning and that the French influences are all the result of one man's ambition.‎ ‎52.The two major languages spoken in what is now called Great Britain before l066 were A. Welsh and Scottish B. Nordic and Germanic C. Celtic and Old English. D. Anglo-Saxon and Germanic ‎53. Which of the following groups of words are, by inference, rooted in French?‎ A. president, Lawyer, beef B. president, bread, water C. bread, field, sheep D. folk, field, cow ‎54. Why does France appear less foreign than Germany to Americans on their first visit to Europe?‎ A. Most advertisements in France appear in English.‎ B. They know little of the history of the English language.‎ C. Many French words are similar to English ones.‎ D. They know French better than German.‎ ‎55. What is the subject discussed in the text?‎ A. The history of Great Britain.‎ B. The similarity between English and French.‎ C. The rule of England by William the Conqueror.‎ D. The French influences on the English language.‎ ‎【答案】52. C 53. A 54. C 55. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇议论文。如果让你列举那些对应于做出最大贡献人，你一定会得到类似莎士比亚，塞缪尔约翰逊这样的答案，但实际上，没有任何人的对英语的影响力能够超过征服者威廉。在1066年以前，我们现在称为英国的土地上存在两种主要语言，一种是凯尔特语，另一种是古英语。而后来由于威廉的雄心，使得古英语成为英国的主要语言，而法语也成为对英语影响颇深的语言。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“In the west-central region lived the Welsh, who spoke a Celtic language, and in the north lived the Scots, whose language, though not the same as Welsh, was also Celtic.”在中西地区住着威尔士人，他们说凯尔特语，在南部居住着苏格兰人，他们的语言不同于威尔士人的语言，但也是凯尔特语。由此可知一大主要语言为凯尔特语。根据第二段第三句“In the rest of the country lived the Saxons, actually a mixture of Anglos, Saxons, and other Germanic and Nordic peoples, who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon (or Old English), a Germanic language. ”在国家的其余地方居住着撒克逊人，他们是英国人、撒克逊人、德国人、日耳曼人的混合，他们讲的语言是英格兰语（即古英语）。可知另一大分支为古英语。故选C。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中“As a result, English words of politics and the law come from French rather than German.”结果导致，英语中关于政治和法律的词来源于法语而不是德语。“We even have different words for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked, which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming, while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.”我们甚至在食物尤其是肉食上有不同的词，这取决于它是长在田野里，还是在家煮着吃，事实证明，撒克逊农民在耕作而上层社会的诺曼人在大部分食物上贡献更多。由此可见，有关政治、法律以及家中煮着的食物最可能来源于法国，故选A。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more "foreign" than France because the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more different from English than French does”当美国人到欧洲旅游时，他们经常发现德语比法语更像外国语，以为在德国，他们看见的标签和广告语看起来比法语更与英语不同。所以可知，许多法语词汇和英语很像。故选C。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。文章开篇即抛出问题：谁对英语的影响最大，接着给出答案：征服者威廉。可见文章即将讨论的问题就是他对英语的影响。接下来，作者介绍了1066年以前的英国语言由两大派系组成，而之后由于威廉的雄心，才使得古英语成为英国的主要语言，而法语也成为对英语影响颇深的语言。故选D。‎ 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Learning how to use new words well will make it easier to learn a language and make you more knowledgeable.‎ ‎___56___.If you are committed to building your vocabulary, set a goal for yourself. Try to learn three new words a day and use them in your speech and writing. With great efforts, you can learn several thousand new words that you will remember and use.‎ Write more.___57___. Actively exercising your writing muscles will keep your vocabulary strong. Write letters to old friends and use lots of specific details.___58___ If you typically avoid composing memos or writing group emails or participating in group discussions, change your habits and write more. You might as well get paid while you are building your vocabulary.‎ Use flash cards or post-it notes around your house. If you're going to make a habit of learning new words, try some simple memorization techniques. Hang post-its with the definition of a particular word you hope to memorize above the coffee maker, so you can study it while making your morning cup. ___59___ Even if you're watching TV or doing other activities, keep some flash cards with you and study your new words.‎ Use accurate adjectives and precise nouns. The best writers aim to keep it short and accurate. Get out the dictionaries and use the most accurate words possible in your sentences.___60___. A word is a useful addition to your vocabulary if it reduces the number of the words in a sentence.‎ A. Have a goal B. Set an example C. Don't use three words when one will do D. Start keeping a diary if you don't, or start a blog E. Consider taking on more writing tasks at work F. Stick a new word to each house plant so you can study while watering G. It also pays to create a good habit of guessing what the writer is really trying to say ‎【答案】56. A 57. D 58. E 59. F 60. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学会如何使用新单词的几点建议。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 此处为本段主旨句，根据其余各段首句的句式特点可知此处用祈使句，再根据本段的主要内容以及空后一句中的“set a goal for yourself”的词语复现得出答案，故A项（树立一个目标）符合语境。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 根据首句“Write more”可知本部分内容应该围绕“写，练笔”展开，故D项（开始写日记，如果不写日记就写博客）符合语境。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 本句是对下一句的总结和归纳，本段内容与“多练习写作”相关；且根据空后一句中的“composing memos or writing group emails or participating in group discussions”可知，这些都是与“writing task”相关的，故E项（考虑在工作中承担更多的写作任务）符合语境。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 本空前说在咖啡壶上面挂上便利贴，写上你希望记住的一个特定单词的定义，这样你就可以一边煮咖啡一边学习它了，空后又说即使你在看电视或做其他活动，也要随身携带一些闪存卡，学习你的新单词，由此可知，此处介绍的也是扩大词汇量的一种方式，故F项（在每株盆栽植物上贴上一个新词，这样你就可以边浇水边学习了）符合语境。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 空后一句是对所填句子的补充解释，理解后一句可知，如果一个单词可以减少一个句子中的单词数量，那么它对你的词汇量是一个有用的补充，故C项（用一个词就行的情况下不用三个词）符合语境。‎ ‎【点睛】主旨概括性的句子是七选五的常见考点，此类考点通常设在段落第一句，解题时，先依据“同构”原则——空处应与其余段落的首句句式保持一致，例如本篇第1题，根据其余各段首句的句式特点可知此处用祈使句，再根据本段的主要内容，特别是空后一句中的“set a goal for yourself”中的原词（goal）复现得出答案，即本段讲的是要树立一个目标，故A项符合语境。‎ 第二卷非选择题部分 (满分40分)‎ 第一节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Air travel makes both people and service dogs very nervous. There are classes ____61____people get help to defeat their fear of flying. And there is similar training for service dogs ____62____ (suffer) the same problem. You will ____63____ (frequent) see them working ‎ on buses, trains and other public transport systems. But the busy environment found at an airport can trouble even the ____64____ (good) trained service dogs. People with disabilities depend on ____65____ (they) dogs. They should be reliable, and they can safely guide the people through security areas. It is especially when the flying is not smooth ____66____they need the dogs to remain calm on duty on the airplane. It takes special training.‎ The Air Hollywood K9 Flight Center is a school where such help ____67____guiding the disabled can be found. Dog trainers say successful training ____68____ (base) on a simple rule: preparation. Being exposed(暴露) repeatedly to the environment, to loud noises, to sounds, makes dogs used to acting and they don't get____69____ ( excite), when they are trained on a daily basis.‎ Dog ______70______ (own) who have attended the training at Air Hollywood K9 Flight School — it was opened say they now feel much more at ease about future flights. Their dogs also seem ready for takeoff.‎ ‎【答案】61. where ‎62. suffering ‎63. frequently ‎64. best 65. their ‎66. that 67. as ‎68. is based ‎69. excited ‎70. owners ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。目前有一种课程专门为恐飞的执行特殊任务的狗提供训练，让他们摆脱这种恐惧，更好的为残疾人服务，事实证明这种训练是有效的。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句关系词，先行词classes在从句中充当地点状语，应用关系副词where，故填where。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词作主语补语，逻辑主语dogs和suffer之间是主动关系，故用现在分词，故填suffering。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词see，故填frequently。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 考查副词最高级。此处应用good的副词形式well修饰形容词trained，再根据the判断用副词最高级，well的最高级是best，故填best。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 考查代词。此处应填形容词性物主代词修饰名词dogs，their dogs他们的狗，故填their。‎ ‎【66题详解】‎ 考查强调句。分析句子结构可知，此处考查强调句it is/was + 强调部分 + that…，故填that。‎ ‎【67题详解】‎ 考查介词。此处考查短语such…as…例如…之类…，故填as。‎ ‎【68题详解】‎ 考查时态和语态。分析句子机构可知，此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，根据say判断为一般现在时，主语training和base之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语training不可数，故填is based。‎ ‎【69题详解】‎ 考查形容词。此处应填形容词作为get的表语，结合语境可知此处意为“感到兴奋的”，其表达是excited，故填excited。‎ ‎【70题详解】‎ 考查名词。根据定语从句的关系代词who判断先行词应是人，又由have attended判断主语是复数形式，故填owners。‎ ‎【点睛】第1小题考查定语从句关系词。确定定语从句关系词一般分为三步：找出先行词；分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例：‎ ‎1. 找出先行词：classes(指物)‎ ‎2. 分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分：先行词classes在从句____1____people get help to defeat their fear of flying.中充当地点状语，应用关系副词where ‎3. 考虑特殊情况：无，故填where 第二节 单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 用模块一Units1-2所学的新单词的恰当形式填空。‎ ‎71. He didn't realize visitors were ____________ (要求) not to take photos in the museum until then.‎ ‎72. The family ____________ (遭受) heavy losses in the Second World War.‎ ‎73. They were told to wear ____________ (正式的) clothes to attend the meeting.‎ ‎74. He i____________ all the ' No Smoking' signs and lit up a cigarette.‎ ‎75. He spoke English with a strong African ____________(口音).‎ ‎76. Although Bill and Jill d____________ on most things, they are best friends.‎ ‎77. If you have difficulties in English reading, one important thing you must do is to increase your v____________.‎ ‎78. I would be g____________ if you could give me some advice.‎ ‎79. People ____________ (在场的) in the party were all shocked at the news.‎ ‎80. Besides his n____________ language, the super star can speak 7 foreign languages.‎ ‎【答案】71. requested ‎72. suffered ‎73. official ‎74. ignored ‎75. accent 76. disagree ‎77. vocabulary ‎78. grateful ‎79. present ‎80. native ‎【解析】‎ ‎【71题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：直到那时, 他才知道游客在博物馆里不允许拍照。结合句意和中文提示可推出该词是''request''要求，主语visitors和request之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，即were done。故填requested。‎ ‎【72题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：在二战中这个家庭遭受了惨重的损失。分析句子结构可知，此处是句子谓语动词，结合句意和汉语提示可推出是''suffer''遭受，又由in the Second World War判断该句为一般过去时，故填suffered。‎ ‎【73题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：他们被告知要穿着正装来参加会议。此处应填形容词修饰名词clothes，再结合句意和汉语提示可推出是''official''正式的/官方的，故填official。‎ ‎【74题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：他忽视了所有的禁烟标志，然后点燃了一根香烟。分析句子结构可知，此处是句子谓语动词，结合句意和首字母提示可推出是''ignore''忽略，由lit判断为一般过去时，故填ignored。‎ ‎【75题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：他说英语带着强烈的非洲口音。此处应填名词作为with的宾语，结合句意和汉语提示可推出是''accent''口音，此处表示一种口音，故用单数形式，故填accent。‎ ‎【76题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：尽管比尔和吉尔在很多事情上有不同意见，但他们是好朋友。分析句子结构可知，此处是从句谓语动词，结合句意和首字母提示可推出是''disagree''不同意，由are判断为一般现在时，故填disagree。‎ ‎【77题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：如果你在英语阅读方面有问题，一个重要的事情是你必须提高你的词汇量。此处应填名词作为increase的宾语，再结合句意和首字母提示可推出是''vocabulary''词汇，此处是泛指词汇整体，故不可数。故填vocabulary。‎ ‎【78题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：如果你能给我一些建议，我将非常感激。分析句子结构可知，此处应填形容词作表语，再结合句意和首字母提示可推出是''grateful''感激的，故填grateful。‎ ‎【79题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：所以出席派对的人都对这个消息感到震惊。此处应填形容词作为people的后置定语，再结合句意和汉语提示可推出是''present''在场的，故填present。‎ ‎【80题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：除了母语，这个超级明星能说7国外语。此处应填形容词作定语修饰名词language，再结合句意和首字母提示可推处是''native''本国的，故填native。‎ 第三节 翻译填空（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）‎ 根据所给中文，在每个空格填入适当的内容使短文完整，注意句子的语法是否正确及上下文是否连贯。‎ Dear Tom,‎ I’ve been in England for 3 months. ______81______(这是我第一次来到英国. ) At first, I ____82____(经历许多困难), for I made no friends here and I was concerned about my stay here too. But now I _____83_____ (跟我的英国朋友相处地很好) who are willing to teach me English, so I am ____84____ (很感激他们). What's more, I _____85_____(很好地掌握简单的英语) which can be used for daily communication. In return, I teach them Chinese Gongfu. My friends practice it in order to make themselves strong, and I usually join in their practice, which is quite interesting and meaningful.‎ I must stop here, and please give my regards to your parents.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】81. It is the first time that I have been to England ‎82. went through a lot of difficulties ‎83. get/ am getting along/on well with my British friends ‎84. grateful/thankful to them ‎85. have a good command of simple Chinese ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。文章是李华给朋友写的一封信，信中陈述了李华第一次去英国的收获和对朋友的感激。‎ ‎【81题详解】‎ 考查固定句型。根据汉语提示可知，此处考查固定句型it is the first time that sb have/has done sth某人第一次做某事， “来到英国”have been to England, 再结合其他汉语提示，故填It is the first time that I have been to England.‎ ‎【82题详解】‎ 考查短语。根据汉语提示可知，此处考查短语go through经历，“许多困难”a lot of difficulties，结合语境判断为一般过去时，故填went through a lot of difficulties.‎ ‎【83题详解】‎ 考查短语。根据汉语提示可知，此处考查短语get on/along well with sb和某人相处的好，根据now判断为一般现在时，或者现在进行时，主语是I，故用do/ am doing，再结合其他汉语提示，故填get/ am getting along/on well with my British friends.‎ ‎【84题详解】‎ 考查短语。根据汉语提示可知，此处考查短语be grateful to sb对某人感激，再结合其他汉语提示，故填grateful/thankful to them.‎ ‎【85题详解】‎ 考查短语。根据汉语提示可知，此处考查短语have a good command of熟练掌握，“简单的中文”simple Chinese，结合语境判断此处为一般现在时，再结合其他汉语提示，故填have a good command of simple Chinese.‎ ‎【点睛】第1小题考查固定句型 ‎“某人第几次做某事”有两种表达形式：it is + 次数 + that sb have/has done 和it was + 次数 + that sb had done 。例如：‎ ‎1. It is the first time that I have been to England. 这是我第一次来到英国。‎ ‎2. It was the first time that I had been to England. 这是我第一次来到英国。‎