专题4-2+Working+the+land（真题回放）-2018年高三英语一轮总复习名师伴学 14页

‎【真题回放】‎ I. 单项填空 ‎1. (2017天津)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ more patients to be treated.‎ A. being allowed B. allowing C. having allowed D. allowed ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查非谓语。句意：这个医院近期购进了新的医疗设备，允许更多的病人被治疗。前句购进医疗设备和后面允许更多的病人被治疗之间是必然的结果关系，用doing作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。故选B。‎ ‎2. (2017·天津)I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ________.‎ A. catching B. caught C. to catch D. to be caught ‎【答案】C ‎3. (2017江苏)Many Chinese brands, ________their reputations over centuries, are ‎ facing new challenges from the modern market.‎ A. having developed B. being developed C. developed D. developing ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查非谓语。分析句子，后面的are facing是谓语动词，所以此空应该填非谓语动词。brands是逻辑主语，和develop是主谓关系，所以用现在分词，表伴随状况；再根据“over centuries”可知，应该使用现在分词的完成式，故选A。句意：许多中国品牌经过几个世纪的发展，现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。‎ ‎4. (2016北京) ________ it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.‎ A. Made B. Make C. Making D. To make ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查不定式作目的状语。句意：为了更方便地联系到我们，你最好随身带着这张卡片。这里表示目的，表目的用动词不定式，故选D。‎ ‎5. (2016北京)Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, ________ the old town into a dreamland.‎ A. turn B. turning C. to turn D. turned ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查非谓语。句意：新建的木屋林立在街道的两旁，使古镇变成了一个梦幻之地。turn的逻辑主语是cottages，两者是主动关系，故用v-ing形式，表示主动和伴随，故选B。‎ ‎6. (2016江苏)In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message ________ within the work.‎ A. to hide B. hidden C. hiding D. being hidden ‎【答案】B ‎7. (2016浙江)I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do ________ with students.‎ A. working B. work C. to work D. worked ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查非谓语。句意：我在海上航行与现在和学生一起工作一样有趣。前面已经有谓语动词had，所以此空用非谓语形式，I和work是主谓关系，故用v-ing形式作时间状语。故选A。‎ ‎8. (2015北京)The park was full of people, ________ themselves in the sunshine.‎ A. having enjoyed B. enjoyed C. enjoying D. to enjoy ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查非谓语。句意：这个公园充满了人，在阳光下他们玩的很尽兴。本空所在句子与前一句用逗号隔开，没有连词，故判断此处用非谓语形式；逻辑主语为people，人们玩得开心为主动的，因此排除B选项；D项不定式表示动作未发生，由题干可知，是过去的动作，因此排除D选项；A项having enjoyed为现在分词的完成形式，一定要发生在谓语动作之前，根据题意，不符合。故选C。‎ ‎9. (2015天津)________ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.‎ A. To work B. Worked C. To be working D. Having worked ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查非谓语。句意：工作了两天，Steve设法按时完成了他的报告。分析句子，后一句有谓语动词managed，所以此空用非谓语形式；‎ 句中的逻辑主语为Steve，与work之间为主动关系，故用v-ing形式，这里用having worked表示动作先于谓语动词之前发生，故选D。‎ ‎10. (2015安徽)________ the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.‎ A. Ignore B. Ignoring C. Ignored D. Having ignored ‎【答案】B ‎11. (2014·全国大纲卷) ________ me tomorrow and I will let you know the lab result.‎ A. Calling B. Call C. To call D. Having called ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查动词形式。句意：明天给我打电话，我会告诉你实验的结果。本句运用了“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”，祈使句用动词原形，故选B。‎ ‎12. (2014北京)The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ________.‎ A. recognizing B. being recognized C. having recognized D. having been recognized ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查非谓语形式。句意：那位电影明星戴上了太阳眼镜。所以，他去买东西不会被认出来。根据题中的介词without判断，此后应该使用动词的动名词形式作宾语；由于他是被人认出的，所以应该用动名词的被动式，故选B。‎ II. 语法填空 ‎1. (2015全国Ⅰ)‎ Yangshuo, China It was raining lightly when I 61.________(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours 62.________, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with 63.________(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.‎ I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 64.________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 65.________(painting). Instead, I’d headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away 66.________ car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city.‎ Yangshuo 67.________(be) really beautiful. A study of travellers 68.________(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 69.________(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 70.________(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者到阳朔游玩的经历和感受。‎ ‎61．arrived 考查动词的时态。句意：天亮之前我到了阳朔，当时天下着小雨。根据前后句时态可知，用一般过去时。‎ ‎65．paintings 考查名词的复数形式。句意：漓江被艺术家画在如此多的中国绘画中。painting为可数名词，注意用复数形式。‎ ‎66．by 这里表示乘汽车用by car。‎ ‎67．is 考查动词的正确形式。此句缺少谓语动词，根据句意和后句的时态，可知此处用一般现在时。句意：阳朔真的很漂亮。‎ ‎68. conducted 考查过去分词作定语。根据后面的by可知，这里表示被TripAdvisor调查，故用过去分词作后置定语表被动关系。‎ ‎69. regularly 考查副词的用法。这里修饰谓语动词arranges，故要用副词形式。‎ ‎70. living 考查现在分词作定语。这里指住在上海和香港的人们，people与live是主动关系，故此处用v-ing形式作后置定语。‎ ‎2. (2014全国Ⅰ)‎ Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?‎ In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It __61__(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it __62__(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of __63__ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.‎ But the river wasn’t changed in a few days __64__ even a few months. It took years of work __65__(reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is __66__(clean) than ever.‎ Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit __67__ is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don't know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation, don't you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?‎ While there are __68__(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the __69__(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be __70__(patience).‎ ‎【文章大意 ‎】文章论述了当人们遇到看起来不可能做的事情时应该怎样做。短文以治理长期被污染的河流为例，为我们讲述了这样的道理：对于我们大多数人来说，做出改变需要的是努力和耐心。‎ ‎65. to reduce 句意：减少工业污染和使水变干净需要几年的时间。It takes sb some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间。故这里应该用动词不定式to reduce。‎ ‎66. cleaner 句意：现在河里的水比以前清多了。根据后面的比较连词than可知，这里应该用比较级，故用cleaner。‎ ‎67. that/which 句意：也许你有一个使你的家人发疯的习惯。这里habit是先行词，在定语从句中作主语，故要用that或which来引导定语从句，不能省略。‎ ‎68. amazing 空格处要用形容词来修饰后面的名词，这里修饰stories，要用amazing来修饰物，表示“令人吃惊的”。‎ ‎69. changes 句意：对于我们大多数人来说，变化是逐渐的，需要很多努力和工作。这里缺少的是句子的主语，根据谓语动词are可知，主语应该是复数，故用changes。‎ ‎70. patient patience是名词，因为空格前有系动词be，所以这里应该用形容词patient作表语。‎ III. 短文改错 ‎1. (2017全国Ⅰ)‎ In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up！”“Slow down！”“Turning left！” I was so much nervous ‎ that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文主要讲述了作者在暑假期间考驾照第一天发生的故事。‎ ‎1. eighteen改为eighteenth 考查序数词。这里表示“十八岁”的生日，要用序数词，故把eighteen改为eighteenth。‎ ‎2. first前加the或my 考查序数词用法。序数词前要有定冠词或形容词性物主代词修饰，故在first前加the或my。‎ ‎6. Turning改为Turn 考查非谓语动词。分析语境可知，教练的话“加速”“减速”“左转”都是祈使句，根据前文“Speed up！” “Slow down！”也可以看得出来。祈使句应该用动词原形开头，故将Turning改为Turn。‎ ‎7. 去掉much 考查固定句型。句意：我如此紧张以至于无法分辨哪个方向是左。固定句型so…that…表示“如此……以至于……”，much为多余成分。故将much去掉。‎ ‎8. late改为later 考查副词。作形容词的时候，later是late的比较级，如：Their deadline is quite late. Ours is even later.(他们的截止日期很迟，我们的更迟。)作副词的时候，late意为“迟”，later意为“稍后，随后”。这里表示“几分钟之后”，故将late改为later。‎ ‎9. suddenly改为sudden 考查形容词。句意：我紧急刹车。根据前面的a可知，这里stop是名词，所以前面要用形容词修饰，故把suddenly改为sudden。‎ ‎10. on改为of 考查介词。分析语境可知，作者表示“在路中间急刹车”。on the road表示“在路上”，the middle of the road表示“路的中央”，故将on改为of。‎ ‎2. (2017全国Ⅲ)‎ When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是作者讲述由一张照片回忆起自己的高中生活。‎ ‎1. realize后面的of删去 考查介词。realize是及物动词，后接宾语不需要介词，故删去介词of。‎ ‎2. had→have 考查动词的时态。根据本句中的时间状语in the past few years可知，这个句子用现在完成时。故把had改为have。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6. picture前加this/the 考查限定词。根据语境可知，这张照片是上文提到的照片，是特指，故需要用限定词this/the修饰。‎ ‎7. they→that/which 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，前面的倒装句Around me in picture are the things …是一个单句，而后面的they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.也是一个单句，在这种情况下，要么在两个单句之间用并列连词连接，要么把后面这个单句变为从句。分析句子可知，后面的句子是用来修饰前面的主语the things的，而the things在后面的从句中作主语，故把they改为that或which。‎ ‎8. difference→different 考查形容词。这里修饰后面的名词kinds，要用形容词。‎ ‎9. late→latest 考查形容词最高级。这里表示“收集最新的唱片”，故把late改为latest。‎ ‎【导学案】‎ 单词识记 ‎1. __________ (vt. & vi.)斗争；拼搏；努力 ‎2. __________ (n.)产量；输出 ‎3. __________ (n.)饥饿；欲望→__________ (adj.)饥饿的；有欲望的 ‎4. __________ (vt. & vi.)使变大；伸展；阐述→__________ (n.)扩大；增加 ‎5. __________ (vt. & vi.)循环；流传→__________ (n.)循环流通 ‎6. __________ (n.)战役；战斗；较量；斗争(vt. & vi.)搏斗；奋斗 ‎7. __________ (adv.)因此；所以；因而 ‎8. __________ (vt. & vi.)配备；装备→__________ (n.)设备(不可数)‎ ‎9. __________ (vt. & vi.)输出；出口→__________ (vt. & vi.)输入；入口；进口 ‎10. __________ (n.)国籍→__________ (n.)国家；民族→__________ (adj.)国家的；国有的 ‎11. __________ (n.)工作；职业；占领→__________ (vt.)占领 ‎12. __________ (vt.)使迷惑；使为难→__________ (adj.)令人迷惑的→__________ (adj.)‎ 感到迷惑的→__________ (n.)迷惑 ‎13. __________ (vt.)遗憾；惋惜 (n.)遗憾；懊悔→__________ (adj.)后悔的 ‎14. __________ (adj.)化学的；关于化学的→__________ (n.)化学→__________ (n.)化学家；药剂师 ‎15. __________ (n.)(bacterium的复数形式)细菌 ‎16. __________ (vt.)减少；缩减；简化→__________ (n.)缩小；减少 ‎17. __________ (n.)总结；摘要；概要→__________ (vt.)总结 ‎18. __________ (n.)评论；议论 (vi. & vt.)表达意见；作出评论 参考答案：‎ ‎1. struggle ‎2. output ‎3. hunger；hungry ‎4. expand；expansion ‎ ‎ ‎11. occupation；occupy ‎12. confuse；confusing；confused；confusion ‎13. regret；regretful ‎14. chemical；chemistry；chemist ‎15. bacteria ‎16. reduce；reduction ‎17. summary；summarize ‎18. comment 短语回顾 ‎1. ________________ 幸亏；由于 ‎2. ________________ 使……摆脱或除去 ‎3. ________________ 对……感到满意 ‎4. ________________ 宁愿；宁可 ‎5. ________________ 逐渐增强；建立；开发 ‎6. ________________ 导致；造成 ‎7. ________________ 集中(注意力、精力等)于 ‎8. ________________ 使……免受(影响、伤害等)；使……不含（有害物）‎ ‎9. ________________ 造成差异，很重要 ‎10. ________________ 牢记在心 ‎11. ________________ 对……造成危害 ‎12. ________________ 再者，还有 ‎13. ________________ 转向 ‎14. ________________ 用……装备……‎ ‎15. ________________ 评论某事 ‎16. ________________ 减少到……‎ 参考答案：‎ ‎1. thanks to ‎2. rid...of ‎3. be satisfied with ‎4. would rather ‎5. build up ‎6. lead to zzxk ‎7. focus on ‎ ‎ ‎12. in addition ‎13. turn to ‎14. be equipped with ‎15. make comments on ‎16. reduce to ‎ ‎