专题2-3+Computers（真题回放）-2018年高三英语一轮总复习名师伴学 15页

专题2.3+Computers ‎【导学案】‎ 一、单词识记 ‎1．____________ vt.计算→____________ n．计算→____________ n．计算器 ‎2．____________ vt.简化→____________ adj.简单的→____________ adv.简单地 ‎3．____________ n．(电脑)操作员；接线员→____________ vt.& vi.运转；操作；经营；管理→____________ vi.开刀；(对……)动手术→____________ n.运转；操作；经营；手术 ‎4．____________ n．工艺；科技；技术→____________ adj.科技的→____________ n．技巧→____________ n．技术专家→____________ n．技师 ‎5．____________ n．革命→____________ adj.革命的→____________ n．革命者 ‎6．____________ n．智力；聪明；智能→____________ adj.智能的；聪明的→____________ adv.聪明地→____________ adj.智力的 ‎7．____________ vt.解决；解答→____________ n．答案；解决办法 ‎8．____________ n．真实；事实；现实→____________ adj.真实的→____________ adv.真实地；真正地 ‎9．____________ adj.私人的；个人的；亲自的→____________ adv.就个人而言；亲自→____________ n.人格；个性→____________ vt.个人化 ‎10．____________ adj.总的；整个的→____________n．总数；合计→____________adv.完全地；整个地 ‎11．____________ n．应用；用途；申请→____________ vt.& vi.申请；请求；应用 ‎12．____________ vt.& vi.探索；探测；探究→____________ n.探索；探测；探究 ‎13．____________ vi.& vt.发信号→____________ n．信号 ‎14．____________ n．类型→____________ vt.& vi.打字→____________ n．打字员→____________ n．打字机 ‎15．____________ adj.电子的→____________ adj.电的→____________ adj.与电有关的 ‎16．____________ n．性格；特点→____________ n．特征；特性 ‎【答案】‎ ‎1．calculate；calculation；calculator ‎2．simplify；simple；simply ‎3．operator；operate；operate；operation ‎4．technology；technological；technique；technologist；technician ‎5．revolution；revolutionary；revolutionary ‎6．intelligence；intelligent；intelligently；intellectual ‎7．solve；solution ‎8．reality；real；really ‎ ‎9．personal；personally；personality；personalize ‎16．character；characteristic ‎【解析】本题主要考查对本单元单词的识别记忆 二、短语回顾 ‎1．from ...____________从……时起 ‎2．____________ a ____________ 结果 ‎3．so ...____________如此……以至于……‎ ‎4．____________ a way在某种程度上 ‎5．____________ the help ____________在……的帮助下 ‎ ‎6．deal ____________ 处理；安排；对付 ‎7．watch ____________看守；监视 ‎8．have... common　　　　共有；共用 ‎9. come into 成为现实 ‎10. give 赠送 ‎11. be crazy 对……着迷 ‎12. make 弥补；整理 ‎13. all 毕竟 答案：‎ ‎1．on　2.as；result　3.that　4.in　5.with；of　6.with　7.over 8. in 9. reality 10. away 11. About ‎12. up 13. After ‎【解析】本题主要考查对本单元短语的识记。‎ ‎【真题回放】‎ ‎1. （2017·北京卷）Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _________ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.‎ A. regard B. is regarded C. are regarded D. regards ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：句意：现在骑自行车、慢跑和游泳被认为是最全面的锻炼方式之一。根据动词短语regard...as… (把……看做……)和句意确定应该用被动语态，排除A和D；由介词短语along with 连接的三个名词作主语，谓语动词应该就前一致，即用单数，排除C。故选B。‎ ‎2.（2017·北京卷）29. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _______ yet. ‎ A. haven’t invented B. haven’t been invented ‎ C. hadn’t invented D. hadn’t been invented ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 考点：考查时态语态。‎ ‎3. （2017·江苏卷）He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he __________.‎ A. was being followed B. was following C. had been followed D. followed ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】考查宾语从句和时态。分析句子成分可知，he和follow是被动关系，即他被别人跟踪，排除B、D；根据句意＂在匆忙赶回家的路上，他从未回头看是否正被跟踪＂，故用过去进行时最合适，故选A。 ‎ ‎4.（2016·北京卷）The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts______ success in the end.‎ A. rewarded B. were rewarded C. will reward D. will be rewarded ‎【答案】D 考点：考查时态和语态 ‎ ‎5.（2017·天津卷） 7. ______ the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.‎ ‎ A. Unless B. Until C. As D. While ‎【答案】C 考点：考查连词。‎ ‎6.（2016·浙江卷）5._________online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.‎ A. Since B. After C. While D. Unless ‎【答案】C 考点：考查连词。‎ ‎7. （2016·江苏卷）22.More efforts, as reported, _________ in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.‎ A.are made B.will be made ‎ C.are beingmade D.have been made ‎【答案】B 考点：考查时态和语态 ‎8.（2015天津） 9. Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement______ so far by the two sides.‎ A. has been reached B. was reached ‎ C. will reach D. will have reached ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【考点定位】考查时态。‎ ‎9.（2015天津）12. We need to get to the root of the problem______ we can solve it.‎ ‎ A. while B. after C. before D. as ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【考点定位】考查连词辨析。‎ ‎10.（2017·新课标卷Ⅱ）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎ In 1863the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ___62__ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then ‎ building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.‎ ‎ Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___66__(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day.‎ Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.‎ ‎61.考查名词， 此处表示复数概念，crowd前没有冠词，且它是可数名词，故填crowds.‎ ‎69.考查词性转换，空格前是the,后面应该是名词，故填名词introduction. ‎ ‎70.考查形容词，空格前是most,其后要跟形容词构成最高级，故填successful.‎ ‎11.（2017新课标Ⅲ卷）第三部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest). Instead, she is earning £6500 a day as 62 model in New York. ‎ ‎ Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars ‎ in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate).‎ She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture. ‎ Sarah says, ＂My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more.＂‎ ‎【文章大意】本文主要介绍了Sarah Thomas在学业和诱人的职业面前所做出的选择，她认为在青少年时期要把学业放在首位。‎ ‎66. education 考查词形转换。形容词性物主代词后面应该接名词形式。‎ ‎67. invitations 考查名词单复数。several修饰可数名词复数形式，故填invitations。‎ ‎68. in 考查介词。in表示＂在某方面＂，获得某项学位 ＂get a degree in…＂。‎ ‎69. comes 考查动词。根据语境可知Sarah认为当下应该是学业第一，说明现在的情况应该用一般现在时。‎ ‎70. certainly 考查副词。修饰动词应该用副词形式，故填certainly。‎ ‎12.（2017·浙江卷）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Last October ,while tending her garden in Mora ,Sweden ,Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 56 (carrot) and was about to throw them away .But something made her look closer ,and she noticed a 57 (shine) object .Yes ,there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.‎ Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came running from the house .“she thought ‎ I had hurt 59 (I),”says Pahlsson Sixteen years  60  (early),Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring  61  (cook) a meal. When she ‎ wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She ‎ supected that one of her three daughters-then ten. eight, and six- had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't. Pahlsson and her husband  62  (seareh) the kitchen, checking every corner. but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again," she says. She never replaced it.  Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got  63  (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden,  64  it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was  65  wonder. ‎ ‎【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Lena Pahlsson在花园里采摘胡萝卜时，找到了丢失已久的结婚戒指的那种失而复得心情。‎ 56. 考查名词。根据“one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.”，及“a handful of ”，故填carrots。‎ 57. 考查形容词。“she noticed a 57 (shine) object”a为冠词，object为名词，横线处应填写形容词。故填shiny或shining。‎ 58. 考查固定句式。根据“Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came running from the house”，so…that,如此…以至于，故填so。‎ 59. 考查代词。I had hurt 59 (I)，主语为I,横线处为宾语，替代主语时，应用代词。故填myself。‎ 60. 考查形容词。says Pahlsson Sixteen years  60  (early)，此句为倒装句，用形容词修饰Sixteen years。故填earlier。‎ 61. 考查动词不定式。Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring  61  (cook) a meal，一个句子不能出现双重谓语，所以用不定式表目的状语。故填to cook。‎ ‎13.（2016新课标Ⅲ卷）第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分）‎ ‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ In much of Asia,especially the so-called＂rice bowl＂ cultures of China,Japan,Korea, 41 Vietnam,food is usually eaten with chopsticks.‎ Chopsticks are usually two long,thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic,animal bone or metal.Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might 42 (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43 (create)special designs.‎ The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years.People probably cooked their food in large pots, 44 (use)twigs(树枝)to remove it.Over time, 45 thepopulation grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.‎ Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 46 (gradual)turned into chopsticks.‎ Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 47lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.,influenced the 48(develop)of chopsticks.Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49(be)too violent for use at the table.‎ Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India,for example,most people traditionally eat 50their hands.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎41.and ‎42.be made ‎43.to create ‎44.using ‎45.as/when ‎46.gradually ‎47.who ‎48.development ‎49.were ‎50.with 考点：名词；介词；副词；并列连词；非谓语动词；定语从句；状语从句 ‎ ‎14.（2016·上海卷）II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A ‎   Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.‎ ‎(A)‎ Bags of Love ‎ Last year, I was assigned to work at an office near my mother’s house, so I stayed with her for a month. During that time, I helped out with the housework and contributed to the groceries.‎ ‎ After less than a week, I started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty quickly — we were always suddenly out of something. (25)_______(wonder) how my mum could consume them so quickly, I began observing her daily routine for two weeks. To my surprise, I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods and head out every morning at about nine. Eventually, I decided to follow her and (26)_______ happened truly amazed me. She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in (27)______ she distributed it to children.‎ ‎ I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area. The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother. Then it hit me —why would she not want to tell me about what she (28)_____(do)? Was she worried about how I would react or that I would stop (29)_____(buy) the groceries if I found out?‎ ‎ When she got home, I told her about my discovery. (30)_____ she could react, I gave her a big hug and told her she didn’t need to keep it a secret (31)______ me. She told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets. For years, my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever food she could spare. I was so impressed by (32)_____ selfless she was.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎25. Wondering    26. what   27. which  28. had done   29. buying   30. Before   31. from   32. how  ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文属于记叙文，我在无意中发现妈妈偷偷地帮助难民，赞美了妈妈善良无私的美丽品质。‎ ‎25. Wondering   考查现在分词做状语。动词wonder与本句主语I构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词wondering在句中做状语。‎ ‎26. what   考查主语从句。本句中连接代词what引导主语从句what happened，并在句中做主语。句意：发生的事情真得让我很惊讶。‎ ‎27. which  考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是the refugee camp，关系代词which指代先行词在定语从句中作为介词in的宾语，in which相当于关系副词where。‎ ‎28. had done   考查时态。根据上下文可知本文介绍的是我被派到妈妈家附近工作，这是过去发生的事情，而妈妈帮助难民是在我来这里工作之前就发生的事情，所以应该使用过去完成时表示过去的过去发生的事情。学*‎ ‎29. buying  考查动词短语。短语stop to do sth停下了做另外一件事情；stop doing sth停止做某事；句意：妈 考点：考查语法填空 ‎ (B)‎ Stress: Good or Bad?‎ ‎ Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now that we are used to talking about it, I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed.‎ ‎ In recent years, stress(33)______(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress(34)______ does you harm. It is time you considered that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then your level of performance will be low. Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the (35)_____(good) your performance will be. Beyond a certain point, though , further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself (36)_______ number of questions. Do you, for instance, feel ‎ that too much is being expected of (37)______, and yet find it impossible to say no? Do you find yourself getting impatient or(38) _____(annoy) with people over unimportant things?... If the answer to all those questions is yes, you had better(39)______(control ) your stress, as you probably are under more stress than is good for you.‎ ‎ To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various events. Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12,etc. If the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely (40)_______ (get )ill.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎33. has been regarded   34. that   35. better   36. a   37. you   38. annoyed   39. control   40. to get ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文是一篇说明文，压力成为了我们生活中常见的一个词汇。文章告诉我们一定范围之内的压力能促进我们的工作，但一旦压力过大，就会给我们的生活带来很多负面的影响。‎ ‎33. has been regarded  考查时态语态。本句的时间状语是in recent years最近几年以来，该时间状语通常和现在完成时连用，且句子主语stress与动词regard构成被动关系，所以使用现在完成时的被动语态形式has been regarded。‎ ‎34. that  考查强调句型。强调句型的基本结构为It is/was被强调成分that/who其它成分；其最大的特点就是去掉it is/was…that/who…句子仍然成立。要注意强调句型能强调除谓语动词以为的所有的句子成分。本句强调的是句子主语only too much stress。‎ ‎38. annoyed  考查形容词。形容词annoyed恼怒的，该词是由过去分词转换而来的形容词，通常修饰人。本句中该词和impatient构成并列关系一起和系动词get构成系表结构。‎ ‎39. control 考查固定搭配。动词短语had better do sth最好做某事；“had better”是情态动词，后面要接动词原形。‎ ‎ 40. to get 考查形容词短语。短语be likely to do sth可能做某事；句意：如果你生活中的压力超过150，你就非常有可能生病了。‎ 考点：考查语法填空 ‎ ‎