【英语】2018届二轮复习高考英语作文模板讲与练（34页） 34页

第一部分：英语作文经典句式 一、图画概述 1. It goes without saying that drawings aim at revealing a common and series problem in the world: how to protect the ocean resources. 2. Let’s take a closer look at the two pictures. The one on the left shows the state of the housing before the government implemented its urban renewal project, whereas the one on the right illustrates the situation afterwards. 3. As described/portrayed/illustrated/shown in the picture, many people nowadays like to go to fitness centers to keep their bodies in shape. 二、图表概述 1. The graph shows that the incidence of violent crime has in fact dropped in most US cities over the past decade. 2. As we can see from the chart, divorce increased phenomenally up until about 1990, but has since remained at a fairly constant level.‎ ‎3. The sales figures for A amount to the combined sales figures for B and C. The profits over the past five years add up to an incredible 1.2 billion dollars. 4. The figures fluctuate between 1000 and 1100 units per year. The sales are expected to go up and down over the next few months. 5. The number of pandas in the reserve suddenly rose to over 200. 6. The birth rate decreased steadily after World War 2. The number of users rose smoothly throughout the decade. 7. Housing prices soar when there is a sudden increase in demand. 8. There was a slump in production between 1980 and 1985. 9. The number of Internet users should climb from 20 million in 2004 to 50 million in 2008. 10. Unless the situation changes, there will be a decline from 20 in 2006 to 12 in 2010. 11. January will witness the launch of two new products, which should increase revenue dramatically. 12. The population will remain stable thanks to the one-child policy. 13. The percentage of young people attending university reached a peak of 47% in 2003. 14. The number of people who could not read hit its lowest point in 2003. 15. The number of Internet users is on the rise/increase at the moment. 三、图画含义 1. What does the author really want to tell us? In my opinion, his real implication is that everyone has to meet difficulties in their life experiences. 2. The purpose of the pictures is to warn us that due attention has to 第一部分：英语作文经典句式 一、图画概述 1. It goes without saying that drawings aim at revealing a common and series problem in the world: how to protect the ocean resources. 2. Let’s take a closer look at the two pictures. The one on the left shows the state of the housing before the government implemented its urban renewal project, whereas the one on the right illustrates the situation afterwards. 3. As described/portrayed/illustrated/shown in the picture, many people nowadays like to go to fitness centers to keep their bodies in shape. 二、图表概述 1. The graph shows that the incidence of violent crime has in fact dropped in most US cities over the past decade. 2. As we can see from the chart, divorce increased phenomenally up until about 1990, but has since remained at a fairly constant level.‎ ‎3. The sales figures for A amount to the combined sales figures for B and C. The profits over the past five years add up to an incredible 1.2 billion dollars. 4. The figures fluctuate between 1000 and 1100 units per year. The sales are expected to go up and down over the next few months. 5. The number of pandas in the reserve suddenly rose to over 200. 6. The birth rate decreased steadily after World War 2. The number of users rose smoothly throughout the decade. 7. Housing prices soar when there is a sudden increase in demand. 8. There was a slump in production between 1980 and 1985. 9. The number of Internet users should climb from 20 million in 2004 to 50 million in 2008. 10. Unless the situation changes, there will be a decline from 20 in 2006 to 12 in 2010. 11. January will witness the launch of two new products, which should increase revenue dramatically. 12. The population will remain stable thanks to the one-child policy. 13. The percentage of young people attending university reached a peak of 47% in 2003. 14. The number of people who could not read hit its lowest point in 2003. 15. The number of Internet users is on the rise/increase at the moment. 三、图画含义 1. What does the author really want to tell us? In my opinion, his real implication is that everyone has to meet difficulties in their life experiences. 2. The purpose of the pictures is to warn us that due attention has to 第一部分：英语作文经典句式 一、图画概述 1. It goes without saying that drawings aim at revealing a common and series problem in the world: how to protect the ocean resources. 2. Let’s take a closer look at the two pictures. The one on the left shows the state of the housing before the government implemented its urban renewal project, whereas the one on the right illustrates the situation afterwards. 3. As described/portrayed/illustrated/shown in the picture, many people nowadays like to go to fitness centers to keep their bodies in shape. 二、图表概述 1. The graph shows that the incidence of violent crime has in fact dropped in most US cities over the past decade. 2. As we can see from the chart, divorce increased phenomenally up until about 1990, but has since remained at a fairly constant level.‎ ‎3. The sales figures for A amount to the combined sales figures for B and C. The profits over the past five years add up to an incredible 1.2 billion dollars. 4. The figures fluctuate between 1000 and 1100 units per year. The sales are expected to go up and down over the next few months. 5. The number of pandas in the reserve suddenly rose to over 200. 6. The birth rate decreased steadily after World War 2. The number of users rose smoothly throughout the decade. 7. Housing prices soar when there is a sudden increase in demand. 8. There was a slump in production between 1980 and 1985. 9. The number of Internet users should climb from 20 million in 2004 to 50 million in 2008. 10. Unless the situation changes, there will be a decline from 20 in 2006 to 12 in 2010. 11. January will witness the launch of two new products, which should increase revenue dramatically. 12. The population will remain stable thanks to the one-child policy. 13. The percentage of young people attending university reached a peak of 47% in 2003. 14. The number of people who could not read hit its lowest point in 2003. 15. The number of Internet users is on the rise/increase at the moment. 三、图画含义 1. What does the author really want to tell us? In my opinion, his real implication is that everyone has to meet difficulties in their life experiences. 2. The purpose of the pictures is to warn us that due attention has to 第一部分：英语作文经典句式 一、图画概述 1. It goes without saying that drawings aim at revealing a common and series problem in the world: how to protect the ocean resources. 2. Let’s take a closer look at the two pictures. The one on the left shows the state of the housing before the government implemented its urban renewal project, whereas the one on the right illustrates the situation afterwards. 3. As described/portrayed/illustrated/shown in the picture, many people nowadays like to go to fitness centers to keep their bodies in shape. 二、图表概述 1. The graph shows that the incidence of violent crime has in fact dropped in most US cities over the past decade. 2. As we can see from the chart, divorce increased phenomenally up until about 1990, but has since remained at a fairly constant level.‎ ‎3. The sales figures for A amount to the combined sales figures for B and C. The profits over the past five years add up to an incredible 1.2 billion dollars. 4. The figures fluctuate between 1000 and 1100 units per year. The sales are expected to go up and down over the next few months. 5. The number of pandas in the reserve suddenly rose to over 200. 6. The birth rate decreased steadily after World War 2. The number of users rose smoothly throughout the decade. 7. Housing prices soar when there is a sudden increase in demand. 8. There was a slump in production between 1980 and 1985. 9. The number of Internet users should climb from 20 million in 2004 to 50 million in 2008. 10. Unless the situation changes, there will be a decline from 20 in 2006 to 12 in 2010. 11. January will witness the launch of two new products, which should increase revenue dramatically. 12. The population will remain stable thanks to the one-child policy. 13. The percentage of young people attending university reached a peak of 47% in 2003. 14. The number of people who could not read hit its lowest point in 2003. 15. The number of Internet users is on the rise/increase at the moment. 三、图画含义 1. What does the author really want to tell us? In my opinion, his real implication is that everyone has to meet difficulties in their life experiences. 2. The purpose of the pictures is to warn us that due attention has to 第一部分：英语作文经典句式 一、图画概述 1. It goes without saying that drawings aim at revealing a common and series problem in the world: how to protect the ocean resources. 2. Let’s take a closer look at the two pictures. The one on the left shows the state of the housing before the government implemented its urban renewal project, whereas the one on the right illustrates the situation afterwards. 3. As described/portrayed/illustrated/shown in the picture, many people nowadays like to go to fitness centers to keep their bodies in shape. 二、图表概述 1. The graph shows that the incidence of violent crime has in fact dropped in most US cities over the past decade. 2. As we can see from the chart, divorce increased phenomenally up until about 1990, but has since remained at a fairly constant level.‎ ‎3. The sales figures for A amount to the combined sales figures for B and C. The profits over the past five years add up to an incredible 1.2 billion dollars. 4. The figures fluctuate between 1000 and 1100 units per year. The sales are expected to go up and down over the next few months. 5. The number of pandas in the reserve suddenly rose to over 200. 6. The birth rate decreased steadily after World War 2. The number of users rose smoothly throughout the decade. 7. Housing prices soar when there is a sudden increase in demand. 8. There was a slump in production between 1980 and 1985. 9. The number of Internet users should climb from 20 million in 2004 to 50 million in 2008. 10. Unless the situation changes, there will be a decline from 20 in 2006 to 12 in 2010. 11. January will witness the launch of two new products, which should increase revenue dramatically. 12. The population will remain stable thanks to the one-child policy. 13. The percentage of young people attending university reached a peak of 47% in 2003. 14. The number of people who could not read hit its lowest point in 2003. 15. The number of Internet users is on the rise/increase at the moment. 三、图画含义 1. What does the author really want to tell us? In my opinion, his real implication is that everyone has to meet difficulties in their life experiences. 2. The purpose of the pictures is to warn us that due attention has to 第一部分：英语作文经典句式 一、图画概述 1. It goes without saying that drawings aim at revealing a common and series problem in the world: how to protect the ocean resources. 2. Let’s take a closer look at the two pictures. The one on the left shows the state of the housing before the government implemented its urban renewal project, whereas the one on the right illustrates the situation afterwards. 3. As described/portrayed/illustrated/shown in the picture, many people nowadays like to go to fitness centers to keep their bodies in shape. 二、图表概述 1. The graph shows that the incidence of violent crime has in fact dropped in most US cities over the past decade. 2. As we can see from the chart, divorce increased phenomenally up until about 1990, but has since remained at a fairly constant level.‎ ‎3. The sales figures for A amount to the combined sales figures for B and C. The profits over the past five years add up to an incredible 1.2 billion dollars. 4. The figures fluctuate between 1000 and 1100 units per year. The sales are expected to go up and down over the next few months. 5. The number of pandas in the reserve suddenly rose to over 200. 6. The birth rate decreased steadily after World War 2. The number of users rose smoothly throughout the decade. 7. Housing prices soar when there is a sudden increase in demand. 8. There was a slump in production between 1980 and 1985. 9. The number of Internet users should climb from 20 million in 2004 to 50 million in 2008. 10. Unless the situation changes, there will be a decline from 20 in 2006 to 12 in 2010. 11. January will witness the launch of two new products, which should increase revenue dramatically. 12. The population will remain stable thanks to the one-child policy. 13. The percentage of young people attending university reached a peak of 47% in 2003. 14. The number of people who could not read hit its lowest point in 2003. 15. The number of Internet users is on the rise/increase at the moment. 三、图画含义 1. What does the author really want to tell us? In my opinion, his real implication is that everyone has to meet difficulties in their life experiences. 2. The purpose of the pictures is to warn us that due attention has to 第一部分：英语作文经典句式 一、图画概述 1. It goes without saying that drawings aim at revealing a common and series problem in the world: how to protect the ocean resources. 2. Let’s take a closer look at the two pictures. The one on the left shows the state of the housing before the government implemented its urban renewal project, whereas the one on the right illustrates the situation afterwards. 3. As described/portrayed/illustrated/shown in the picture, many people nowadays like to go to fitness centers to keep their bodies in shape. 二、图表概述 1. The graph shows that the incidence of violent crime has in fact dropped in most US cities over the past decade. 2. As we can see from the chart, divorce increased phenomenally up until about 1990, but has since remained at a fairly constant level.‎ ‎3. The sales figures for A amount to the combined sales figures for B and C. The profits over the past five years add up to an incredible 1.2 billion dollars. 4. The figures fluctuate between 1000 and 1100 units per year. The sales are expected to go up and down over the next few months. 5. The number of pandas in the reserve suddenly rose to over 200. 6. The birth rate decreased steadily after World War 2. The number of users rose smoothly throughout the decade. 7. Housing prices soar when there is a sudden increase in demand. 8. There was a slump in production between 1980 and 1985. 9. The number of Internet users should climb from 20 million in 2004 to 50 million in 2008. 10. Unless the situation changes, there will be a decline from 20 in 2006 to 12 in 2010. 11. January will witness the launch of two new products, which should increase revenue dramatically. 12. The population will remain stable thanks to the one-child policy. 13. The percentage of young people attending university reached a peak of 47% in 2003. 14. The number of people who could not read hit its lowest point in 2003. 15. The number of Internet users is on the rise/increase at the moment. 三、图画含义 1. What does the author really want to tell us? In my opinion, his real implication is that everyone has to meet difficulties in their life experiences. 2. The purpose of the pictures is to warn us that due attention has to ‎ be paid to the decrease of ocean resources. 3. The idea conveyed by the cartoon is apparent: the finishing point is just a new starting point. 4. I cannot help relating these drawings to reality. They clearly show how human interpersonal relationships have developed. 四、举例论证 1. A case in point is Wuhan, which has a pedestrian shopping street. 2. Take the recent tsunami for example. 3. Take my father as an example. 4. Numerous examples can be given easily. But these will suffice. 5. Another case in point is the misleading packaging used on many products. 6. It is the same with African countries, which have huge debts. 7. Perhaps the most striking instance happened to me when I was a child at primary school. 8. The list of such examples can go on and on. Examples like these can form a long list. 五、原因分析 1. A number of factors can account for the increase in deaths from heart disease. 2. Another important factor is the availability of the Internet. 3. Finally, the creation of more jobs is responsible for the change/ increase/ decrease/ growth. 4. Why does this phenomenon appear? I think there are several possible reasons for this situation. 六、建议措施 1. It is high time that parents, educators and the government made concerted efforts to put an end to this situation. 2. The best way to solve this problem I think is to give young people opportunities to do things independently. 3. It is imperative that drastic measures should be taken to end poverty worldwide. 4. These are not the only three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we need to take strong action to eliminate the use of illegal drugs. 5. Only in this way can we overcome this difficulty, and .we will have a bright future.‎ 第二部分：英语作文常用套句 一、开头 When it comes to ..., some think ... There is a public debate today that ... A is a common way of ..., but is it a wise one?‎ ‎ Recently the problem has been brought into focus. 二、提出观点 Now there is a growing awareness that... It is time we explore the truth of ... Nowhere in history has the issue been more visible... 三、进一步提出观点 ... but that is only part of the history. Another equally important aspect is ... A is but one of the many effects. Another is ... Besides, other reasons are... 四、提出假想例子的方式 Suppose that... Just imagine what would be like if... It is reasonable to expect... It is not surprising that... 五、举例 For example (instance),... ... such as A, B, C and so on (so forth) A good case in point is... A particular example for this is... 六、引用 One of the greatest early writers said ... “Knowledge is power”, such is the regard of ... ‎ ‎“......”. That is how sb. comment (criticize/ praise...). “......”. How often we hear such words like there. 七、讲故事 (先说故事主体), this story is not rare. ..., such dilemma we often meet in daily life. ..., the story still has a realistic significance. 八、提出原因 There are many reasons for ... Why...., for one thing, The answer to this problem involves many factors. Any discussion about this problem would inevitably involves ... The first reason can be obliviously seen. Most people would agree that... Some people may neglect that in fact ... Others suggest that... Part of the explanation is ... 九、进行对比 The advantages for A for outweigh the disadvantages of...‎ ‎ Although A enjoys a distinct advantage ... Indeed, A carries much weight than B when sth is concerned. A maybe ..., but it suffers from the disadvantage that... 十、承上启下 To understand the truth of ..., it is also important to see... A study of ... will make this point clear 　‎ 十一、让步 Certainly, B has its own advantages, such as... I do not deny that A has its own merits. 　　 十二、结尾 From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that ... In summary, it is wiser ... In short...‎ All in all, ...‎ To cut a long story short...‎ 第三部分：提纲作文模板 MBA英语提纲式作文提供的是题目和写作提纲，要求考生紧扣主题，并且根据提纲提示的思路和要点展开段落。由于提供的写作提纲一般分为三段，所以考生可以按照三段式作文将提纲作为主题句，再根据主题句作文的写作方法写作。 一、提纲式作文说明原因型 　　1、说明原因型模块一 　　Nowadays, there are more and more … in some big cities. It is estimated that ( 1 ). Why have there been so many … ? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows. The first one is that ( 2 ) . Besides, ( 3 ) . The third reason is ( 4 ). To sum up, the main cause of … is due to ( 5 ) . It is high time that something was done upon it. On the one hand, ( 6 ). On the other hand, ( 7 ). All these measures may reduce the number of … . 　　注释： 　　(1) 说明…现象；(2) 原因一；(3) 原因二；(4) 原因三；(5) 归纳主要原因；(6)解决建议一；(7)解决建议二。 ‎ 参考范文：Generation Gap between Parents and Children 　　Nowadays , there are more and more misunderstanding between parents and children which is so-called generation gap. It is estimated that 75 percentages of parents often complain their children’s unreasonable behavior while children usually think their parents too old fashioned. The possible reasons can be listed as follows. 　　The first one is that the two generations, having grown up at different times, have different likes and dislikes, thus the disagreement often ‎ rises between them. Besides, due to having little in common to talk about, they are not willing to sit face to face. The third reason is that with the pace of modern life becoming faster and faster, both of them are so busy with their work or study that they don’t spare enough time to exchange ideas. To sum up, the main cause of the gap is due to lake of communication and understanding each other. 　　It is high time that something was done upon it. On the one hand, children should respect their parents. On the other hand, parents also should show solicitudes for their children. I firmly believe that all these measures may bridge the generation gap. 　　2、说明原因型模块之二 　　Currently, … has been the order of the day. This does demonstrate the theory—nothing is more valuable than … . 　　It is clear that ( 1 ). If you ( 2 ), as a result , your dreams will come true. On the contrary, if you ( 3 ). Failure will be following with you. It turns out that all your plan falls through . 　　No one can deny another fact that ( 4 ) . You don’t have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know ( 5 ) . 　　It will exert a profound influence upon ( 6 ). With reference to my standpoint, I think ( 7 ). 　　注释：   　　1、…的第一个优点；2、支持…的做法；3、不支持…的做法；4、…的第二个优点；5、举例证明优点二；6、说明…优点三的影响。 　　参考范文：The Importance of Self-confidence 　　Currently, self-confidence has been the order of the day. This does demonstrate the theory ─nothing is more valuable than self-confidence. 　　It’s clear that self-confidence means trust in one’s abilities. If you’re full of self-confidence, it will bring your creative power to play, arouse your enthusiasm for work, and help you overcome difficulties, as a result, your dreams will come true .On the contrary, if you have no confidence in yourself, there is little possibility that you would ever achieve anything. Failure will be following with you. It turns out that all your plan falls through. 　　No one can deny another fact that self-confidence gives you light when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismayed. You don’t have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know the secret of Mr. Curie lies in perseverance and self-confidence, the latter in particular. 　　It will exert a profound influence upon the achievement of one’s ambitions. With reference to my standpoint, I think (he that can have ‎ self-confidence can have what he will. 　　3、提纲式作文说明原因型模块之三 　　For most of us today, ( 1 ). 　　From above, we can find that the reasons why ( 2 ) are as follows. The primary reason, I think, is ( 3 ). Secondly, ( 4 ). The third reason, actually, is ( 5 ). 　　The significance for ( 6 ) . Therefore, ( 7 ). 　　注释： 　　(1) 人们针对…的态度和举措；(2) 归纳现状；(3) 第一个原因；(4) 第二个原因；‎ ‎(5) 第三个原因；(6) 重申最重要原因；(7) 你的建议。 　　参考范文：Pollution 　　It is recognized that environmental pollution has been a greatly serious problem. Many plants, animals and people have died of polluted environment. Therefore, environmental pollution should be responsible for these diseases disabling, or bringing death to human beings and wild life. 　　From above, we can find the reasons why environment are polluted more and more seriously are as follows. The primary reason is harmful substances entering environment. For example, to prevent insects, farmers make use of great amounts of insecticides, so as to have bumper harvests. However, they pollute air, water and land. Secondly, the gas coming from the car engines and factories also make environment polluted badly. The third reason is the result of a growing population in the world. Everyday, so much litter and waste are poured out from houses, also pollute the environment. 　　The significance for controlling pollution noted that it’s high time that more effective measures should be taken. Therefore, new laws should be passed to limit the amount of pollutants from factories. Moreover, in the households, there is an obvious need to reduce litter and waste. Let’s make our good efforts, and the world will be a safer place to live for us.‎ ‎　　4、提纲式作文说明原因型模块之四 　　These days we often hear that ( 1 ). It is common that ( 2 ). 　　Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing, ( 3 ). ‎ For another, ( 4 ). What is more, since ( 5 ), it is natural that ( 6 ). 　　To solve the problem is not easy at all, but is worth trying. We should do something such as ( 7 )to improve he present situation, and I do believe everything will be better in the future .‎ ‎ 　　注释： 　　(1) 提出论题；(2) 说明现状；(3) 理由一；(4) 理由二；(5) 理由三；(6) 导致的后果；(7) 解决方法。 　　参考范文：Pollution of Environment 　　These days we often hear that our living conditions are getting more and more serious because of the destruction of our environment . It is common that many trees and animals are near extinction, and the all-important food chain has been destroyed. 　　Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing, the population of the world is increasing so rapidly that the world has been so crowded. For another, the overuse of natural resources has influenced the balance of natural ecology. What is more, since the industrial revolution, it is natural that a great number of factories have been springing up like mushrooms. The smoke and harmful chemicals released from factories also pollute the environment. 　　To solve the problem is not easy at all, but is worthy. We should do something such as planting more trees, equipping cars with pollution-control devices and learning to recycling natural resources to improve the present situation, and I do believe everything will be better in the future.‎ 二、提纲式作文观点评论式 　　1、对立观点式模块 　　A. 有人认为… 是好事，赞成…， 为什么？ 　　B. 有人认为… 是坏事， 反对…，为什么？ 　　C. 你的看法。 ‎ ‎　　Some people are in favor of the idea of doing… They point out the fact that 支持…的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持…的另一个原因。 　　However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do… They firmly point out that 反对…的第一个理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: 举例子。 　　There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of…overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, … also may…的一个坏处。 　　2、批驳观点式模块 　　A. 一个错误观点； 　　B. 我的观点；‎ C. 理由。 　　Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that…举例子。According to a survey performed by … on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响。‎ ‎ 　　There might be some element of truth in these people’s belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief.‎ ‎ (理由参照前文的写法)。 　　3、社会问题 (现象)式模块 　　A. 一个社会问题或者现象； 　　B. 产生的原因；产生的影响； 　　C. 解决办法； 　　E. 预测前景。 　　Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. … has increasingly become a common concern of the public. According to a survey, 说明这种现象的情况。(或者举一个例子)。 　　There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon. (理由参照前文的写法) 　　…has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects. (影响参照前文的写法)。 　　Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will …‎ 第四部分：情景作文模板 情景作文要求根据所给的情景或故事，写出情景或故事反映的问题，分析其中的原因或影响，提出自己的看法。下面是一些情景作文写作模板，这种模板也非常适合图表、图画作文。 一、说明原因型 　　模块（1） 　　In recent years , … has caused a heated debate on ( 1 ). 　　The factors for ( 2 ) . First of all, ( 3 ). Then, there comes a case that ( 4 ). Moreover, ( 5 ) , especially when ( 6 ) . 　　Indeed, these unique points can be collected to remind people that ( 7 ). In this way, we should behave just like ( 8 ). ‎ 注释： 　　（1）…现象；（2）解释该现象原因；（3）原因一；（4）举例；（5）原因三；（6）主要原因；（7）该现象反映的问题；（8）解决问题的方法。 　　参考范文：The Impact of Television 　　In recent years, with the development of science and technology, 80‎ ‎ percent of all homes in China have satellite TV, offering as many as 50 channels. It has caused a heated debate on the impact of television on children. Many parents are worried about the impact of so much television on children.  　　The factors for (parents’ worry is that children are indulge in television and spend too much time on it. First of all, with so many programs to choose from, children are not getting as much exercise as they should. Then, there comes a case that some studies have shown that excessive watching of television by millions of children has lowered their ability to achieve in school. Moreover, the effect on children’s minds are more serious than the effect on children’s bodies, especially when the children are too small to judge what programs are suit to them.  　　Indeed, these unique points can be connected to remind parents that they should pay close attention to and responsibilities for supervising their children’s TV viewing. In this way, children will not be influenced too deeply. 　　模块（2） 　　For most of us today, ( 1 ).  　　From above, we can find that the reasons why ( 2 ) are as follows. The primary reason, I think, is ( 3 ). Second, ( 4 ). The third reason, actually, is ( 5 ).  　　The significance for ( 6 ) . Therefore, ( 7 ).  　　注释： 　　（1）人们针对…的态度和举措；（2）归纳现状；（3）第一个原因；（4）第二个原因；（5）第三个原因；（6）重申造成现状的最重要原因；（7）你的建议。‎ 参考范文：Pollution 　　Most of us today recognize that environmental pollution has been a greatly serious problem. Lots of plants trees corps are destroyed by bad air. Many fish die of poisonous water. Thousands of people die from eating poisoned fish or breathing in gas. Therefore, environmental pollution should be responsible for these diseases that are disabling, or bringing death not only to human beings, but also to wild life.  　　From above, we can find that the reasons why environment are polluted more and more seriously are as follows. The primary reason, I think, is the reason of harmful substances into environment. For example, to prevent insects, farmers make use of great amounts of insecticides, so as to have bumper harvests. However, they pollute air, water and land. Secondly, the gas coming from the car engines and factories also make environment polluted badly. The third reason actually is the result of a growing population in the world. Everyday, so much litter and waste are poured ‎ out from houses, also pollute the environment. 　　The significance for controlling pollution noted that it’s high time that more effective measures should be taken. Therefore, new laws should be passed to limit the amount of pollutants from factories. Moreover, in the households, there is an obvious need to reduce litter and waste. Let’s make our good efforts, and the world will be a safer place to live for us.  二、情景作文：观点评论式 　　模块（一）对立观点式 　　A．有人认为… 是好事，赞成…， 为什么？ 　　B．有人认为… 是坏事， 反对…，为什么？ 　　C．我的看法。  　　Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持… 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持… 的另一个原因。 　　However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do… They firmly point out that 反对… 的第一个理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: 一个例子。 　　There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of … overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, … also may … 的有一个坏处。 模块（二）社会问题（现象）式 　　A．一个社会问题或者现象； ‎ B． 产生的原因；产生的影响； ‎ C． 解决方法。 Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. … has increasingly become a common concern of the public. According to a survey, 说明这种现象的情况。（或者举一个例子）。 　　There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon. （理由参照前文的写法）。 　　…has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects. （参照前文的写法）。 　　Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will …….. 三、英语情景作文：辩论式议论文 　　模版（一） 　　Some people believe (argue, recognize, think) that 观点1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 观点2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea. 　　There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 论据1. More importantly, 论据2. Most important of all, 论据3. ‎ ‎ 　　In summary, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或From above, we can predict that 预测.  　　模版（二） 　　People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight. 　　For one thing, 论据1. For another, 论据2. Last but not the least, 论据3.  　　To conclude, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.或From above, we can predict that 预测. 　　模版（三） 　　There is no consensus of opinions among people about X（争论的焦点）. Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious. 　　First of all, 论据1. Furthermore, 论据2. Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 论据3. 　　A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或From above, we can predict that 预测.  四、图表作文写作模板 　　It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of … has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as … varies).  At the point of …, … reaches its peak …(多少).  　　What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are … (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table.  First of all,  …(第一个原因).  More importantly,  …(第二个原因).  Most important of all,  …(第三个原因). 　　From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势). ‎ 第五部分：英汉常用句式 一、描述图画或图表的常用句型：‎ ‎1. As can be clearly seen from the picture, …. 从这张画中可以清楚地看到，…‎ 译：从这张画中可以清楚地看到，随着国际文化交流的增加，越来越多的外国人渴望访问中国。‎ As can be clearly seen from the picture, with the increase in cultural exchange among countries, an increasing number of foreigners are eager ‎ to visit China. ‎ ‎2. As is shown above，… 正如上面所示，…‎ 译：正如上面所示，有两幅漫画描述了两种完全不同的情景。一幅描绘了人们在努力工作，而另一幅暗示了懒惰导致失败。‎ As is shown above, there are two cartoons presenting two quite different situations. One depicts people who are working hard, while the other implies that laziness results in failure. ‎ ‎3. What a vivid picture it is! It tells us that… 这是一幅多么生动形象的画啊！它告诉我们…‎ 译：这是一幅多么生动的画啊！它告诉我们，爱就像一盏在黑暗中的油灯, 它照亮了人们的心灵。‎ What a vivid picture it is! It tells us that love is just like an oil lamp in the dark, which lightens people’s hearts. ‎ ‎4. According to the statistics given in the table, … 根据表中所给的统计数字，… ‎ 译：根据表中所给的统计数字，最近5年来旅游者的人数大大增加，2002年达到80,000,000人。‎ According to the statistics given in the table, the number of tourists has grown greatly, 80,000,000 people in 2002. ‎ ‎5. This chart shows that … 这张示意图表明，…‎ 译：这张示意图表明，全世界吸烟者的人数不断上升,占总人口的20%。‎ This chart shows that the number of smokers continues to climb (rise), __________ 20 % of the total population. ‎ ‎6. It is indicated by the graph that … 这张曲线图表示，…‎ 译：这张曲线图表示，某些野生动物物种的灭绝(extinction)与世界人口的猛增密切相关。‎ It is indicated by the graph that the extinction of some species of wild animals __________ the sharp increase of the world’s population. ‎ ‎7. It can be seen from the statistics (or picture) that … 从这些统计数字(或这张图画)中可以看到，…‎ 译：从这些统计数字(或这张图画)中可以看到，随着城市中汽车数量的不断增加,空气污染和噪音已经成为威胁城市居民生存的主要公害(public hazards)。‎ It can be seen from the statistics (or picture) that with the rapid increase in the number of cars, air pollution and noise have become the main public hazards threatening the survival of city residents. ‎ ‎8. It is generally believed (或accepted, thought, held) that … 人们普遍认为，…‎ 译：人们普遍认为，各国政府应该采取有力措施来保护森林资源。‎ It is generally believed that the governments of all countries should __________ to protect forest resources. ‎ ‎9. The picture is thought-provoking … 这幅画发人深省，…‎ 译：这幅画是发人深省的，它所说明的是我们今天社会普遍存在的一种现象。‎ The picture is thought-provoking, and what it illustrates is a common phenomenon in our society today. ‎ ‎10. What the drawing describes implies that …… 这张图画所描述的内容暗示了，…‎ 译：这张图画所描述的内容暗示了，我们应该经得住失败的考验。‎ What the drawing describes implies that we should __________ (withstand) the test of failure. ‎ ‎11. There is a ‎ 译: 表中所给的数字表明，最近5年来人民的收入已有显著增长。‎ ‎ The statistics given in the table indicate that there has been a remarkable increase in people’s incomes in the past 5 years.‎ 译:The number of has been on the in recent years.‎ 二、有关比较、利弊、优缺点的句型:‎ ‎1. S + have (or has) a lot of advantages over... (与...相比有许多优点) ‎ 译：汽车与自行车相比有许多优点。‎ ‎2. Compared with …, sb./sth. has/have the advantage of … (有… 方面的长处；... 的优点是 …)‎ 与中国相比，澳大利亚的优点是人口少。 ‎ Compared with China, Australia has the advantage of having a small population. ‎ 译: 与他们相比，他的优点是会操作电脑。‎ ‎3. be of great benefit to sb./sth. (对... 有益) ‎ 译：你的计算机知识对你将来的工作十分有益。‎ ‎4. benefit sb/sth. (对...有好处) benefit from sth. (由于...而受益) ‎ 译：这家新医院对整个社区有利。 译：我们将从技术发明中受益。 ‎ ‎5. do (a lot of) good to sb. (对... 有许多好处) ‎ 译：早晨锻炼对你很有好处。‎ ‎ be good for sb./sth. (对... 有益) ‎ 译：蔬菜和水果有利于人的健康。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ do damage to sth./damage sth. (对... 造成损坏) ‎ 译：这次地震对城市建筑损坏严重。‎ ‎ do harm to sth./harm sth./endanger sth. (对... 有害处) 译：吸烟危害人的健康。‎ ‎6. be as (not so) good/great as... 译：他做的没有说的好。‎ ‎7. not so much ...as... (与其说...,不如说...) ‎ 译：人口的迅速增长与其说是由于出生率的上升，还不如说是由于死亡率的下降。‎ The reason for the rapid increase in population is __________ a rise in birth rate __________ a fall in death rate.‎ 三、说明原因的句型:‎ ‎1. There are two/some good reasons for sth./to do sth. …‎ 生活条件改变的原因有两条。首先，我们一直在贯彻执行改革开放政策。其次，我们的经济在迅速发展并且出生率得到了控制。‎ There are two reasons for the changes in people’s living conditions. First, we have been carrying out an opening and reform policy. Second, our national economy is developing rapidly and the birth rate has been __________.‎ ‎2. We have two good reasons for/against ... ‎ 我们有两条充分理由反对工业不受控制的发展。‎ We have two good reasons against the uncontrolled development of industry.‎ ‎3. The reason for...is that + 从句 我们支持”希望工程”的原因是, 许多贫困地区的儿童付不起继续学业的各种费用。‎ The reason for us to support the “Project Hope” is that many children in poor areas __________ different kinds of expenses to continue with their schooling. ‎ 四、有关因果关系的句型:‎ 物价上升的原因是需求的增加。The cause of (reason for) higher prices was an increase in demand. ‎ 或: Because the demand has increased, the prices are higher. 或: An increase in demand results in higher prices.‎ 或: The demand has increased. As a result, the prices are higher. 或: If there is an increase in demand, then prices rise.‎ 译：他们取得的成果是由于他们的刻苦努力。What they have achieved results from their hard (=painstaking) work. ‎ 译：由于所有这些因素，政府越来越多地依赖于科学家来安排适当的规划并 付诸实践.‎ As a result of all these factors, governments are becoming increasingly dependent on scientists for planning appropriate programs and __________.‎ 五、表示不同看法的句型: ‎ ‎1. 人们对这个问题的看法各不相同。Different people have (= hold) different opinions (=views) on this question (=problem, matter).‎ 有些人认为 … ；其他争辩说 … ；还有一些主张 …‎ Some believe that ... Others argue that .... Still others maintain that ...‎ 人们对旅游业的看法各不相同。有些人认为，旅游业是浪费金钱和时间。另一些人则争辩说，中国是一个具有5000年历史的文明古国, 并且有自己的传统文化，它和西方文化截然不同。旅游业有助于文化交流和各国人民之间的友谊和了解。我认为，第1种看法是片面的。发展旅游业是非常重要的。各国应该互相了解、互相学习以便促进我们和平和发展的共同事业。‎ People their opinions on tourist industry. Some believe that tourism is a waste of money and time. Others argue that China is an ancient civilized nation with a history of 5000 years and has its own traditional culture, which is quite different from that in the western countries. Tourism to the cultural exchanges between countries and to the friendship and understanding of the peoples all over the world. , the first view is one-sided. Tourism is of great importance now. All nations should understand each other and learn from each other to ___________our common cause of peace and development. (105 words)‎ ‎2. 他们的观点各不相同。They are quite different from each other in their opinions.‎ ‎3. 有些人持这样的观点：孩子少是好事。 Some people hold the opinion that it is good to have a small family.‎ ‎4. 他们对这个问题的态度大相径庭。They think quite differently on this question.‎ ‎5. 他们对噪音问题的态度截然不同。They differ greatly in their attitudes towards noise problem.‎ 家长和孩子对这个问题的看法不同。家长认为，孩子应努力学习，得到好的学习成绩。而孩子们则认为，他们应该有更多的自由来支配他们的闲暇时间，来安排他们的未来。‎ Parents and children think differently on this question. Parents hold that children should work hard and do well at school. Children, however, maintain that they should have more freedom to spend their leisure time ‎ and to plan for their own future.‎ 六、表示必须、紧急、有困难做某事的句型:‎ ‎1. It is important (necessary, urgent, difficult, easy, convenient, comfortable, expensive, desirable, advisable) for sb. to do sth.‎ 翻译下列4句：‎ ‎1) It is inevitable that the natural resources throughout the world are diminishing as the demand for them 在不断增长. ‎ ‎ 不可避免的是，‎ ‎2) It is obvious that the strength of a country’s economy 直接相关the efficiency of its industry and agriculture. ‎ ‎ 显然，‎ ‎3) It is urgent for the government to take measures to control the birth rate in our country/ to 把沙漠变为良田.‎ ‎ 政府迫在眉睫的是 ‎4) It is necessary for us to build more hospitals, shopping centers, recreation centers, cinemas, and other public facilities to 满足the increasing needs of the people.‎ ‎ 我们必须建立 ‎2. have trouble/ difficulty/ a hard time/ a difficult time (in) doing sth (有困难做某事) ‎ ‎ 他很难找到一份满意的工作。 He has trouble finding a satisfactory job. ‎ ‎ have trouble with sth. (对...有困难,不好对付) I have some trouble with my English study.‎ 七、举例表示法:‎ ‎1. For example, the people’s economic status has been greatly improved.‎ ‎2. For instance, the economic status of the people has been improved.‎ ‎3. Let’s have an example. TV sets, refrigerators and recorders have become household necessities.‎ 八、结尾句型: ‎ 翻译下列5句中的汉语部分： ‎ ‎1. __________ (依我看), I am in favor of (or am opposed to) owning a private car.‎ ‎2. __________ (就个人而言), I prefer to work in the country rather than in the city.‎ ‎3. __________ (总之), parents and children should learn to get through to each other. Only in this way can the most difficult problems be solved properly.‎ ‎4. __________ (最后), we cannot achieve success without hard work.‎ ‎5. __________ (至于我), I agree with the opinion that “ No pains no ‎ gains.”‎ 附录：英语作文练习 练习一 ‎（动物保护）要求：‎ ‎1.动物数目减少成为一个重要的环境问题 2.动物数目减少的原因 ‎3.我们应该怎么办 （问题陈述 原因分析 建议措施 ） Animals are essential in an ecosystem. But for various reasons the number of animals decreases to an alarming degree. All over the world, biological diversity has already become a key environmental issue. Scientists from many fields generally attribute this phenomenon to three reasons. To begin with, human activities reduce the number of animals. For instance, the living areas of human beings enlarge gradually while the areas for animals shrink. As a result, animals die out. Next, natural evolutions also make some animals extinct. Moreover, some diseases among animals also cut the population of animals. How to address this issue? Two approaches have been suggested. One is that humans should protect some rare animals. The other is that human must provide animals with a sound environment for them to survive and thrive.‎ 练习二 ‎（如何看待汽车这把双刃剑）要求：‎ ‎1.汽车给人们带来的好处。 2.汽车产生的问题 3.我对汽车的看法。  Since their coming into being, automobiles have been significantly contributing to human industries, agricultures, and even the daily lives. It is automobiles that have been shaping and reflecting the ways humans work and think. They accelerate the sustainable economic development. They boost industries. They also catalyze scientific research. But nobody can deny that automobiles have also exerted some unfavorable impacts on social and economic fabric. First of all, they have seriously polluted the environment in which humans survive. Secondly, traffic jam wastes lots of time. Finally, they also waste the money, especially in metropolis. My opinion is that in the foreseeable future, scientists will be able to solve all problems. Exactly, human will eventually be able to minimize the harmful effects of automobiles, whereas their advantages can be maximized.‎ 练习三 要求：‎ ‎1) describe the cartoon, 2) point out its implications in our life. ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 　　This cartoon presents in front of us a sharp contrast between two types of neighbors. The two pet neighbors greet each other politely and amiably while the two lonely human neighbors seem to ignore each other. When taking a walk in any of the cities in the modern society, we can often observe such a sad scene in which social interactions have been grievously diminishing. 　　Among urban residents, pet-keeping is becoming increasingly pervasive because a pet may be a companion for old people, a friend for young couples, and a playing toy for children. Believe it or not, pets are such an inseparable part in their daily life that they often devote lots of energy, time and money to taking care of the needs of their loved animals. Small wonder, such devotion to pet-raising points to a truth of great importance today — loneliness in a busy world. 　　Since most people have to live on an on-the-move lifestyle, they are probably denied opportunities to share their feelings with their friends and relatives. Whereas, pets will be good listeners. Where there are so many dishonesties going around, they must stay with a dog, which is likely to be faithful to them. It seems that an individual is being ridiculous if he starts conversations with his neighbors, so he often has no alternative but to enjoy the company of pets. That’s why the scene depicted in the cartoon is not uncommon in our daily life. 　　Our life would be, of course, enjoyable if we have pets. But we would enjoy much more meaningful life if the two human neighbors started a talk to each other in a friendly way, just like the two dogs.‎ 练习四 ‎（为环保而呐喊）要求：‎ ‎1) describe the cartoon 2) interpret the message conveyed in the picture ‎ 3) and give your suggestions to remedy the situation ‎ ‎　　As is depicted in the picture entitled “cries from our descendants”, a boy is calling on his ancestors—citizens today throughout the world—to ensure a better environment and a greater abundance of natural resources for future generations. With a forced smile on the face, he is crying bitterly and desperately. Such a scene can just put us deep in thought. 　　The drawer of the picture intends to force us to ask ourselves some very thought provoking questions concerning nature conservation. Are we willing to be more conservative in our life requirements, and are we willing to moderate our use of the world’s resources for our descendants? Can we, in fact, reduce our consumption of petroleum, coal and electricity, in order to reduce the pollution and environmental pressures created by excessive energy use and to allow others to live a better life? Are we willing to spend more money for pollution control and environmental restoration? Are we willing to devote more effort to recycling? Can we moderate our demand for fat rich diets and super processed convenience food? These are some of the central issues of the present day world, and ones on which the quality of present and future environments may depend. 　　As citizens in the modern world, it is our duty to give thought to the living environment and conditions of our offspring. We must take positive actions to remedy the worsening situation, which is sadly threatening to ruin every corner of the world. Only in this way can the boy stop crying and show some respect to his ancestors.‎ 练习五 ‎(对保健食品反思)要求：‎ Study the following drawing ‎1) describe the drawing, 2) interpret its implications, and 3) give your comments. 　　As can be seen from the picture, a middle-aged man holds a plate with a bowl, a pair of chopsticks, and a jar of nourishment, murmuring “to live well up to the 22nd century, it is really helpful to build up good health with nourishments.” His face is as dull as dead water, his tongue is stuck out of his mouth and his posture is strange, knees bent, leaning forward. 　　This cartoon poses a serious problem worthy of careful reflection:” What is a positive attitude towards nourishment?” Misconception prevails nowadays all over the world that nourishment can make the weak strong and the sick healthy. For those believing in this kind of theory, such omnipotent nourishment is all-cures. So they take this kind of’ magical nourishment’ excessively. However, something is far from the truth. Taking nourishment to ensure your health is nothing but an illusion. Moreover, a great amount of fake nourishment is flooded with in the markets, which will thus deteriorate your health after continual use. 　　Now let’s draw a conclusion from this cartoon: a wish is a wish, no matter how sweet it is. A good wish, however, doesn’t mean a real life! In reality, life blooms with doing exercises and taking part in sports. Besides, proper diets are also a rewarded way to keep you fit and healthy. Give up the idea of “more nourishment and more health and you will build a muscular body” in the long run. [244 words] ‎ 练习六 ‎（诚实[诚信]在现实生活中的意义）要求： 1. 当前社会上存在很多不诚实的现象 2. 诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实  3 .总结 The society has never been an ideal one in that every day the general public is actually flooded by deceptions and lies published on the Internet or on TV. For instance in the world of business, many authentic ‎ products are mixed with the fake ones. Even in the academic field, cheating in examinations is not uncommon. A piece of evidence is that a governmental official let out the CET4 paper last year. But as the moral and ethic tells, human beings should be honest in many cases. Because to be honest can benefit both sides of a business, honesty is emphasized by almost each religion in the long course of human civilization. Being honest is constructive to an individual because it stands for human virtue. In fact it is just this virtue that shapes/ builds one’s success in life, works, and study. It also contributes to other people for human naturally hates being cheated. For example any dishonesty in academy deserves formidable punishment. Another example comes from the daily life between families. Suppose a wife or a husband cheats, to break might be the outcome. Therefore I will do anything in the future with honesty. And I also advocate that all people be honest to others around them.‎ 练习七 ‎（如何看待科技的双面性）要求：‎ Directions: Technology brought great convenience to our lives yet it also created multiple social problems. What do you think about technology? Please write about your opinion. Give one or two examples to illustrate your point. 　　 　　The 20th century saw many great inventions, such as airplanes, motion pictures, television, telephone, computer, the Internet, to list just a few. Each of these inventions bears witness to the amazing advancements in technology in the past century. These inventions made our lives much easier and much more enjoyable. 　　However, progress in technology is always a double-edged sword. People invented pesticides to kill pests but pesticides can pollute the environment by entering the water supplies and harming birds that eat the dead insects. Cell phone has greatly facilitated communication yet it has been proved that it poses danger to users’ health. What’s more, cell phones often go off during movies, concerts, classes, meetings, and libraries and create public nuisance. Automobiles have become an indispensable tool to the modern man but they consume great amounts of fuel, and create enormous environmental problems. Also, many people are killed in car accidents every year. Internet links tens of millions of people around the world but people are so addicted to the Internet today that they don’t go out and do exercises. 　　In a word, technology can be put to good use only when it’s used properly. People often find it hard to balance the convenience brought ‎ by modern technology and its potentially harmful effects. I believe the average people should be educated about the potential harm of technology and should always use it with a mind to promoting the teamwork spirit.‎ 练习八 ‎（如何看待钱与幸福的关系）‎ Money has always been what many people are thirsty for. To them, money means everything. They do not seem to know what money is for. They want it above all things. It’s the exclusively causal factor of their happiness.  But some others hold quite different views on this. They strongly believe that “the love of money is the root of all evil”. They also believe that it is man’s desire for more and more money that drives them to do anything, whether it’s good or bad, to satisfy them. It is money that encourages those weak willed people to be addicted to some harmful habits, such as drug taking or gambling, and bring about their own ruin. It is money that turns brothers or friends into enemies.  From my point of view, money is an important part of happiness, but happiness means far more than that. Happiness is a kind of human feeling that money can never buy. Physical health and mental well being are both essential to life satisfaction. Love is fundamental to a person’s life satisfaction, too. Self-esteem, I believe, is another crucial factor that produces happiness. Therefore, we can never reckon only on money to achieve happiness. Money is a blessing when it is used rightly; it’s a curse when abused. ‎ 练习九 ‎（阐述世界人口快速增长原因）要求：‎ ‎1. Interpret the pictures above. 2.Give your reasons for the increase in population. 　　 3. Draw your own conclusion. ‎ ‎　　According to the figures given in the bar charts, it took from the beginning of human life to the year 1830 for the population of the earth to reach one billion. That represents a time span of at least two million years. Then the world population increased rapidly, adding up to two ‎ billion in 1930. The next billion was added by 1960, only thirty years. From then on the global population was on the rise, amounting to 4 billion in 1975, which is another billion people in only 15 years. 　　There are at least two reasons. I think, for the sharp increase in world population. In the first place, the birth rate continues to climb in many countries, especially in developing ones. Generally speaking, people there hold the opinion that children don’t cost much and when they get old enough to work they will bring in money and that when parents are old, they will take care of them. Secondly, the marriage age in the West is rising, which contributes to the decline in population there. Finally, the death rate in most developed countries declines steadily because people’s standards of living are raised and health care improves. 　　In my opinion, the chief reason for the population growth is not so much a rise in birth rates as a fall in death rates as a result of improvements in medical care. ‎ 练习十 ‎（教育在社会中的作用）要求：‎ Directions: Write an essay on the topic: The Role of Education. In which you should include: 1) Importance of Education, 2) General role of Education, 3) Your view on the role of Education. ‎ Education plays important role in many aspects of the developments in China such as in cultural field, in economical area and in the domain of science and technology. Any step forward in Chinese development needs to be pushed by talents in all walks of life and talents must be trained through education. Firstly, preservation and development of culture of any nationality are in need of professional knowledge. For example, traditional culture and historic relics in China will have to keep intact and descend from one generation to another. Modern technology must be applied into this case to keep culture down. It is said that some historic relics are facing erosion without good method and techniques to keep them from being faded. Education is greatly wanted in this respect to keep them well-preserved.  Secondly, advances in economic development can only be achieved by scientific management financially and ideologically. Now, economic competition becomes more and more fierce in the world with the globalization of marketing. More members who are expertise with the “game rule” in world trade and economic management are in great need.  Third, science and technology develops more quickly than it did in any other historic period. Progress made in science and technology can ‎ only be achieved by education. Only by stressing education can China become more powerful and more prosperous in the world. ‎ 练习十一 ‎（就网络学习培训发表看法）‎ ‎　　Advances in digital technology will benefit education, such as e-learning. “E-learning is one of the best ways to train a large population,” said Joel Mills, director and co-founder of the American Academy of Arts and a distance education specialist. E-education, with flexible schedules, customized content and hybrid teaching models, may speed up training for the next generation. 　　With the rapid development of technology and people’s demand for education mounting, so-called e-learning, or on-line long distance education, has become very popular and important in China. In some areas, e-learning has played a role traditional classroom education cannot accomplish. 　　 Approximately 90 per cent of the world’s new information is stored and retrieved in English. It is vital for China to use the Olympics as a catalyst to boost English acquisition to prepare itself or the digital revolution. To prepare for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, at least 6 million Chinese, including staff for the organizing committee, and in the service, retail, police, volunteer, technical and medical support sectors, reportedly need to improve their English language skills. 　　 E-learning breaks down the barriers of time and location, integrating education resources. When compared with traditional ways of teaching and learning, it is far more cost-effective for both the teachers and the students. ‎ 练习十二 Study the following chart carefully and write an essay to 1)depict the chart, 2)deduce the reasons behind the fact. 　‎ ‎　　As is vividly betrayed in the chart above, the number of MS/MA candidates has been climbing over the past years and rocketed to 1.3 million in the year of 2005. People at different walks of life may wonder what is behind the figure. 　　The reasons for the great increase of MA/MS candidates over the past years can be illustrated as follows. First, the idea that knowledge is power has contributed to the enormous increase of MA/MS candidates. Nowadays, in an era of knowledge explosion, we must have good command of learning knowledge which has become a life-long work. Therefore, many people aren’t content with their four-year college education and apply for MA/MS degree. Second, the current unsatisfactory job-hunting has resulted in the great increase of MS/MA candidates over the past years. At the moment, the supply of the college graduates overtakes the demand for the college graduates. As a result, many college graduates can’t find jobs they really enjoy and want. 　　Therefore, they’d like to conduct further study instead of doing the work they dislike. As a consequence, more and more people apply for MA/MS degree, which has led to the great increase of MA/MS candidates. (196 words)‎ 练习十三 Study the following chart carefully and write an essay to 1)describe the chart, 2)deduce the possible reasons of the increase of the gold medals. ‎ As is vividly betrayed in the chart above, the number of gold medals which are snatched by P.R. China has been climbing and rocketed to 32 at the 2004 Athens Olympic Games. This is a great achievement in Chinese sports. People both at home and abroad may wonder what has brought about the great success. 　　The foremost reasons for the great achievement which is revealed in the chart above can be illustrated as follows. To begin with, the Opening-up and Reform has contributed to the growth of Chinese sports. The Opening-up and Reform since 1978 has improved the development of ‎ economy in China, which has laid a solid foundation for the development of sports in China. Thus, without the Opening-up and Reform, the 32 gold medals would be a pie in the sky. What’s more, the international exchanges have brought about the growth of Chinese sports. On one hand, we sent Yao Ming to NBA and Liu Xiang to participate in international events of various kinds.‎ ‎　　On the other hand, we have invited foreign professionals to come to China and coach our national teams. Therefore, without the international exchanges, the 32 gold medals would be an empty talk. ‎ 练习十四 要求：1．身体健康的重要性。 　　2．保持健康的途径。 　　3．我自己的实践。 ‎ The desire for good health is universal. In our competitive society it is important to maintain good health. On the one hand, people with good health can do work with full confidence and their progress in work in turn contributes to their health and happiness. On the other hand, a sick person is usually not interested in everything around him and therefore he loses many opportunities to become successful.  　　There are many ways to keep it. First, those who are always on the go from morning till night should find time to relax because too much stress will affect their health. Second, enough time should be left for sleep because that will help one become rested and refreshed. Finally, regular physical exercises benefit one’s health a lot. So one should always keep in mind that a certain amount of exercise is not a waste of time.  　　As for me, I like playing tennis in the morning. I also attach much importance to enough sleep and relaxation. I believe this will ensure my good health for the rest of my life.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 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