2018-2019学年安徽省宣城市高一下学期期末考试英语试题 Word版含解析 25页

宣城市2018—2019学年度第二学期期末调研测试 高一英语试题 考生注意事项：‎ ‎1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。‎ ‎2. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、考号在答题卷指定位置填写清楚并将条形码粘贴在指定区域。‎ ‎3. 考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卷上。第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卷上对 应题目的答案标号涂黑；第Ⅱ卷请用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卷上各题的答题区 域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。‎ ‎4. 考试结束时，务必将答题卡交回。‎ 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. Where are the speakers?‎ A. In a taxi. B. On a plane. C. On a bus.‎ ‎2. What will the man buy?‎ A. A tie. B. A wallet. C. A pen.‎ ‎3. What does the woman think of Sara’s speech?‎ A. Great. B. Boring. C. Just so - so.‎ ‎4. What are the speakers talking about?‎ A. Stephen Hawking. B. A book. C. Winter vacation.‎ ‎5. What will the girl do next?‎ A. Do her homework. B. Turn on the TV. C. Help her sister.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?‎ A. Neighbors. B. Colleagues. C. Husband and wife.‎ ‎7. What will the woman do tomorrow?‎ A. Go to a show. B. Fly to New York. C. Look after her grandma.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8. What is Tommy doing?‎ A. Having supper. B. Playing a game. C. Watching a play.‎ ‎9. Who is the woman very satisfied with?‎ A. Cathy. B. Tommy. C. Johnny.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. How much should the man pay?‎ A. £ 24. B. £ 32. C. £ 36.‎ ‎11. When should the man arrive at the theater?‎ A. At 2:30. B. At 3:00. C. At 3:15.‎ ‎12. What does the man ask about in the end?‎ A. The hall of the play. B. The way to the theater. C. The Children’s Club.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. What is the woman wondering about the man?‎ A. His daily life. B. His family members. C. His opinions of the Internet.‎ ‎14. What does the man do first after getting up?‎ A. Take a shower. B. Take some exercise. C. Check his messages.‎ ‎15. Where is the man at 9 a. m. on weekdays probably?‎ A. On the way. B. In his office. C. At home.‎ ‎16. What does the man usually do on weekends?‎ A. He goes to work. B. He stays with his parents.‎ C. He spends much time with his kids.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. Why will the speaker go to Melbourne?‎ A. To see her sister. B. To study at a university. C. To visit a beautiful garden.‎ ‎18. What will the speaker do in Sydney?‎ A. See kangaroos. B. Watch a show. C. Go swimming.‎ ‎19. Where will the speaker go on the 10th?‎ A. To Melbourne B. To Hamilton Island. C. To Gold Coast.‎ ‎20. When will the speaker arrive in London?‎ A. On the 11th. B. On the 12th. C. On the 13th.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Four apps to keep your life on track From simple task scheduling to detailed task management, all these apps offer everything you need for efficient task recording.‎ Focuster With Focuster, you just need to add all your tasks and the tool will arrange them immediately in order of importance. After adding all the tasks, just press the Now button and the tool will show the tasks you should be focusing on for the day.‎ TeuxDeux This useful app lets you schedule and organize all your tasks for the whole week. Just add the tasks below the day column and you’re done. Want to move a task from one column to another? No worries. Its drag - and - drop interface (界面) lets you rearrange the task and add it to a different day ’ s column. Additionally, TeuxDeux lets you add repeating tasks for a day.‎ TickTick TickTick allows you to add tasks, subtasks, custom reminders as well as deadlines for a day, a week, or a month. In order to provide you with more ease in task scheduling, TickTick offers a nice calendar view, where you can add or edit tasks on a weekly or daily basis. It also has experimental features, which you can turn on if you want to try out beta capabilities (测试功能).‎ Wunderlist The app lets you create tasks, subtasks and allows you to share with your family, friends and colleagues. The whole app is designed in the most user — friendly way and offers you the ability to add deadlines, additional information and reminders.‎ ‎1. To share your tasks with others，you’d prefer to choose ________.‎ A. Focuster. B. TeuxDeux C. TickTick. D. Wunderlist.‎ ‎2. What’s the similarity between TeuxDeux and TickTick?‎ A. They offer a beautiful calendar view.‎ B. They have great experimental features.‎ C. They can help organize tasks for a week.‎ D. They have a very user — friendly interface.‎ ‎3. What benefit can you get from the four apps?‎ A. Completing your work more easily.‎ B. Obtaining everything you need faster.‎ C. Getting access to the Internet more quickly.‎ D. Organizing your activities more effectively.‎ ‎【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个让你的生活保持正轨的应用程序。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The app lets you create tasks, subtasks and allows you to share with your family, friends and colleagues.”可知，Wunderlist允许你创建任务、子任务，并允许你与家人、朋友和同事分享，由此可知，要想与他人分享你的任务，你会选择Wunderlist，故D项正确。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This useful app lets you schedule and organize all your tasks for the whole week.”及第四段中的“TickTick allows you to add tasks, subtasks, custom reminders as well as deadlines for a day, a week, or a month.”可知，TeuxDeux 和TickTick的相似之处是这两个应用程序都可以帮助你组织一周的任务，故C项正确。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。第一段说从简单的任务调度到详细的任务管理，这四个应用程序都提供了高效记录任务所需的一切，由此可知，这四个应用程序都可以让你更有效地组织你的活动，故D项正确。‎ B On October 23,2018, scientists came across a white octopus(章鱼) with “wings” that looked more like a ghost from outer space than the eight — legged ones we are used to seeing.‎ The octopus’ scientific name is Grimpoteuthis. However, thanks to the two ear — like fins (鳍) on the sides of its body, it is better known as a dumbo octopus, after Disney’s animated (动画的) elephant. The sea creature also has eight legs connected to its body by a web of skin, which are used to increase the pace when faced with natural enemies like sharks. Dumbo octopuses can also move across the seafloor using their tentacles (触须).‎ While the one caught on tape was mostly white, dumbo octopuses, like other octopuses, can change their skin color in different environments. They, however, do not produce ink often used as a weapon by other octopuses. Instead, some dumbo octopuses have developed something sharp on their tentacles.‎ There are more than a dozen known species of dumbo octopuses. While most are small, measuring between 8 and 12 inches long, some can reach over 6 feet in length. Though octopuses have huge eyes, they can hardly see. However , although dumbo octopuses live in the deepest and darkest parts of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, where nothing can be seen, the lack of sight does not affect them. Instead, they have learned to use the suckers (吸盘) on their tentacles to feel their surroundings.‎ Their deep — sea environment makes these octopuses difficult to spot, which is why any sighting of the unusual creatures is met with such joy. The latest one, caught on camera by Hercules, an unmanned robot, was discovered two miles underwater around the Davidson Seamount, a volcano in California.‎ ‎4. What can we learn about the white octopus from the passage?‎ A. It looks strange. B. It has no legs.‎ C. It can fly out of water. D. It is common in the sea.‎ ‎5. Which of the following are dumbo octopuses good at?‎ A. Taking on different colors. B. Attacking enemies using ink.‎ C. Seeing in darkness with big eyes. D. Protecting themselves with wings.‎ ‎6. What is the major function of the suckers on dumbo octopuses’ tentacles?‎ A. To keep their balance. B. To speed up their pace.‎ C. To sense their environment. D. To take in necessary food.‎ ‎7. What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A. The Octopuses Studied by Scientists B. The Dumbo Octopus Found off California Coast C. The Elephant — like Dumbo Octopuses Spotted by Robots D. A New Species Noticed around the Davidson Seamount ‎【答案】4. A 5. A 6. C 7. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家在加利福尼亚海岸发现了小飞象章鱼。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题题。根据第一段中的“a white octopus(章鱼) with “wings” that looked more like a ghost from outer space”可知，白章鱼挥动着“翅膀”，看起来更像是来自外太空的幽灵，由此可知，白章鱼看起来很奇怪，故A项正确。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中“dumbo octopuses, like other octopuses, can change their skin color in different environments.”可知，小飞象章鱼和其他章鱼一样，可以在不同的环境中改变自己的肤色，由此可知，小飞象章鱼擅长呈现不同的颜色，故A项正确。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Instead, they have learned to use the suckers (吸盘) on their tentacles to feel their surroundings.”可知，小飞象章鱼触角上吸盘的主要功能是感知周围环境，故C项正确。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是最后一段中的“The latest one, caught on camera by Hercules, an unmanned robot, was discovered two miles underwater around the Davidson ‎ Seamount, a volcano in California.”可知，本文介绍了科学家在加利福尼亚海岸发现了小飞象章鱼，故B项正确。‎ C What kinds of rooms are your favorite spots for studying? We are going to guess that they are probably not painted bright red or yellow. But maybe they should be. Imagine. You are suddenly asked to prepare for an exam. You have two rooms to choose from. One is a pale blue, and the other is a bright red. Which one do you settle into for study? Is one going to get your brain fired up for learning, or let you relax into the best state of concentration?‎ According to researchers at Curtin University in Australia, it might be best to camp out in the bright red room when you are looking to store information. It might sound strange, since we often think of pale rooms — soft blues or light greens — are relaxing. And they seem to be: The Curtin University study showed that pale colors made participants feel more relaxed and calm, while bright colors increased heart rate. But calming and relaxing, it turns out, may not always be the best environment for deep concentration or knowledge gaining. Reading comprehension was much better in the bright rooms than in the pale rooms. Although participants reported that they generally preferred the pale rooms to study in as an approach to relax into work, the researchers saw just the opposite — that the bright - colored rooms seemed to lead to greater concentration.‎ While this might seem only surprising, the findings get into a rather controversial (有争议) area of psychological study. The Yerkes — Dodson Law says that a little bit of stress is good for achieving best performance, while too much stress negatively affects it. The higher heart rate and the reports of the bright colors creating a heavy atmosphere might just suggest that a little stress was good for the brain.‎ ‎8. What is the common idea mentioned in the first paragraph?‎ A. Pale colors appeal to all tastes.‎ B. Few people like bright red or yellow.‎ C. Light — colored rooms make you feel nervous.‎ D. Bright — colored rooms are not good for studying.‎ ‎9. What might directly affect the research results according to Para 2?‎ A. How participants react to colors. B. Participants’ preferences in colors.‎ C. What participants read in the rooms. D. Time participants spent in the rooms.‎ ‎10. What can be concluded from the study by Curtin University?‎ A. Higher stress leads to better performance.‎ B. Most people know how to make use of colors.‎ C. Stress is necessary when you want to concentrate.‎ D. Being relaxed is very important for people studying.‎ ‎11. What’s the main idea of the text?‎ A. Findings about people’s favourite room colors.‎ B. Room colors can affect one’s academic performance.‎ C. Bright — colored rooms can create a heavy atmosphere.‎ D. Light — colored rooms help people feel relaxed into work.‎ ‎【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究人员发现色彩艳丽的房间更能让人更集中注意力，从而提高学习成绩。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“What kinds of rooms are your favorite spots for studying? We are going to guess that they are probably not painted bright red or yellow.”可知，你最喜欢的学习地点是什么类型的房间?我们通常认为它们可能不是鲜红色或黄色的，由此可知，人们普遍认为色彩艳丽的房间不适合学习，故D项正确。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“. Although participants reported that they generally preferred the pale rooms to study in as an approach to relax into work, the researchers saw just the opposite — that the bright - colored rooms seemed to lead to greater ‎ concentration.”可知，尽管参与者表示他们通常更喜欢在浅色的房间里学习，以此更放松地学习或工作，但研究人员发现色彩艳丽的房间似乎能让人更集中注意力，由此可知，直接影响研究结果的是参与者对颜色的反应，故A项正确。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Dodson Law says that a little bit of stress is good for achieving best performance”可知，道森·劳说，一点点压力对取得好成绩是有好处的，由此可知，从科廷大学的研究我们可以得出结论：当你想集中注意力时，压力是必要的，故C项正确。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了研究人员发现色彩艳丽的房间更能让人更集中注意力，从而提高学习成绩，也就是说房间的颜色会影响一个人的学习成绩，故B项正确。‎ D Breathing is something you do all day long, without even thinking about it. However, you might be doing it wrong. Research shows that the way you breathe affects the amount of oxygen you take in, as well as how you think and feel.‎ So which is it? Do you breathe through your nose or your mouth? Some health experts recommend people breathe in through their nose and out through their mouth. Others say that people should just focus on breathing easily, paying no attention to their mouth or nose preference. But mouth breathing has also been connected with bad breath, snoring (打呼噜), high blood pressure and bad teeth.‎ Nose breathing may affect how memories are stabilized (稳定) in our brains, according to Swedish researchers. During the study, participants smelled 12 different smells and then were asked to breathe either through their nose or mouth for an hour afterwards. Then, they were presented with the original set of smells and a new set. Those who smelled with their nose remembered the smells better.‎ A research team recognized the differences in brain activity that occurred when seven epilepsy (癫痫) patients breathed through their nose or through their mouth. The team found three areas of the brain where activity is connected with breathing. These areas showed more changes in brain activity only when volunteers ‎ breathed in through their nose.‎ So, should mouth breathers change their breathing habits? If you’ re happy with the way you breathe and you aren’t experiencing any health problems, be yourself and just keep your own way. But if you think it might be time for a change, focus breathing through your nose until it becomes a habit. It might help you survive an emergency.‎ ‎12. What does the word “it” underlined in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A. Your life style. B. How you breathe.‎ C. How you think and feel. D. The oxygen you take in.‎ ‎13. What did Swedish researchers find?‎ A. Nose breathing may improve memory.‎ B. Mouth breathing causes health problems.‎ C. Nose breathers are not sensitive to smells.‎ D. Mouth breathers have a good sense of taste.‎ ‎14. What is the effect of nose breathing according to the research?‎ A. It helps one to stay healthy. B. It cures bad breath and snoring.‎ C. It makes one’s brain more active. D. It improves one’s sense of smell.‎ ‎15. What does the author think of nose breathing?‎ A. It, s hard to get used to. B. It’s suitable for everybody.‎ C. It’s what people have to do. D. It’s what people can benefit from.‎ ‎【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了瑞典研究人员发现，用鼻子呼吸对我们更有好处。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Research shows that the way you breathe affects the amount of oxygen you take in, as well as how you think and ‎ feel.”可知，研究表明，你呼吸的方式会影响你吸入的氧气量，以及你的思维和感觉，画线词后又提到了到底应该用鼻子呼吸还是用嘴呼吸，此处是说那么到底用哪一种呼吸方式呢？由此可知it指的就是前面提到的呼吸方式，故B项正确。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Nose breathing may affect how memories are stabilized (稳定) in our brains, according to Swedish researchers.”可知，瑞典研究人员称，鼻子呼吸可能会影响大脑记忆的稳定，也就是说发现鼻子呼吸可以改善记忆力，故A项正确。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The team found three areas of the brain where activity is connected with breathing. These areas showed more changes in brain activity only when volunteers breathed in through their nose.”可知，研究小组发现大脑中有三个区域的活动与呼吸有关，只有当志愿者通过鼻子吸气时，这些区域的大脑活动才会发生更多的变化，由此可知，研究发现鼻子呼吸使人的大脑更加活跃，故C项正确。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But if you think it might be time for a change, focus breathing through your nose until it becomes a habit. It might help you survive an emergency.”可知，如果你觉得是时候改变一下呼吸方式了，那就用鼻子呼吸，直到它成为一种习惯，它可能会帮助你在紧急情况下幸存下来，由此可知作者认为鼻子呼吸会让人们从中受益，故D项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】代词指代形式的词义猜测题难度较大，因为这种指代关系很可能存在于上文提到的某一名词或名词性短语中，所以对画线词上文的理解是关键，例如本篇第1题，根据第一段中的“Research shows that the way you breathe affects the amount of oxygen you take in, as well as how you think and feel.”可知，研究表明，你呼吸的方式会影响你吸入的氧气量，以及你的思维和感觉，再结合画线词后提到的到底应该用鼻子呼吸还是用嘴呼吸可知，此处是说那么到底用哪一种呼吸方式呢？由此可知it指的就是前面提到的呼吸方式。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Lao-tzu and Confucius were China’s most famous philosophers. ____16____ “Those who know do not say; those who say do not know.” said Lao-tzu. Confucius said that the best people say the least, but do the most.‎ ‎___17___ It comes from the story that he was born with white hair, already old ‎ and wise. ? Very little is known about Lao-tzu ’ s life. His writings are titled the “Tao Te Ching”.‎ According to Taoism, the entire universe flows with a mysterious force called the Tao, which means “The Way”. ____18____ When people forget this, opinions of good and evil or true and false happen. Taoists try to remember their oneness. However, this is easier said than done, Lao-tzu said. Over time, Taoism changed a bit. ? Taoism became more popular in A. D. 440 when it became China’s state religion. Many people practice Taoism today.‎ Born in 551 B. C., Confucius wandered throughout China as a government employee and a political adviser to the ruling Chou family. ____19____ After Corfucius died in 479 B. C., his students wrote down his teachings and called them Lun-yu, or the Analects. Many of his clever sayings are still followed today. “It is as hard to be poor without complaining as to be rich without becoming arrogant (傲慢的).” Confucianism says it is important to learn to be human. People should act with goodness towards each other to create order and unity. Confucianism guided thinking in China until about a hundred years ago.‎ Taoism and Confucianism have differences and similarities. Confucianism tells people how to act toward each other. Taoism tells people how to find meaning in life. They both share ideas about man, society, and the universe. Both Taoism and Confucianism have served as guides. ___20___‎ A. Good thinking lasts a long time!‎ B. Their sayings are still used today.‎ C. Lao-tzu may not even have existed.‎ D. He was also a musician, thinker, and teacher.‎ E. The name Lao-tzu means “Old Master” or “Old Boy”.‎ F. They have led China through the peaks and valleys of its long history.‎ G. Taoists believe that everything might seem separate, but is actually one.‎ ‎【答案】16. B 17. E ‎ ‎18. G 19. D ‎ ‎20. F ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国历史上最著名的哲学家老子和孔子以及他们的思想。‎ ‎16题详解】‎ 空前说老子和孔子是中国最著名的哲学家，空后又提到了老子和孔子所说的一句格言，故B项（他们的格言至今仍在使用）符合语境。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据空后的“It comes from the story that he was born with white hair, already old and wise.”及“Lao-tzu ’ s life“可知，此处介绍的是老子的名字的来历，故E项（老子的意思是老夫子或老男孩）符合语境。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据空前的“According to Taoism, the entire universe flows with a mysterious force called the Tao, which means “The Way””可知，道家认为，整个宇宙都有一种神秘的力量，叫作道，意思是道路，此处承接上文，讲的还是道家学说，故G项（道家认为，一切好像都是分开的，但实际上是一体的）符合语境。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据空前的“Born in 551 B. C., Confucius wandered throughout China as a government employee and a political adviser to the ruling Chou family.”可知，生于公元前551年。作为一名官员和大臣，孔子周游了列国，此处补充说明，说的是孔子的其他身份，故D项（他还是一位音乐家、思想家和老师）符合语境。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据空前的“Both Taoism and Confucianism have served as guides.”可知，道家和儒家都是指导思想，此处承接上文，说的是这两种思想的影响，故F项（它们引领中国走过了历史上的巅峰和低谷）符合语境。‎ ‎【点睛】在七选五的解题过程中，选项和上下文中出现的代词的指代关系往往是重要线索，例如本篇第1题，根据空前的“Lao-tzu and Confucius were China’s most famous philosophers.”可知，老子和孔子是中国最著名的哲学家，空后又提到了老子和孔子所说的一句格言，B项中的Their指代的就是前面提到的Lao-tzu and Confucius，故B项（他们的格言至今仍在使用）符合语境。‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用 第一节 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Five years ago,at the age of 66, I stared running. I was not a natural ____21____. I wanted to lose weight and it seemed that running was a (n) ____22____ way. At first it was very ____23____ — I was mainly walking more than running when I started — but I didn’t ____24____.‎ When I started training running, I was just trying to build up stamina (耐力), and just the idea of even going three miles, even walking was a ____25____ .In the beginning, I just walked as much as I could and then as time went on, I ____26____ began running. Later I kept on adding more and more ____27____.‎ I ____28____ my coach Mario in my running club, and he’d been running for over 30 years. He had a lot of knowledge and often sent various quotes to ____29____ and encourage me.‎ Running the New York City Marathon for the first time was probably the greatest _____30_____ of my life. I was really prepared, _____31_____ Mario. I leaned a lot of life lessons during the _____32_____: To be a winner, you have to believe in yourself _____33_____ nobody else will. When I crossed the finishing line, I was so excited. I remember just getting to the ___34___14___35___ and realizing, “Oh my God, I’m going to do this!” I heard them say, “Welcome to the finishing line,” and I thought, wow, I was actually going to ___36___15___37___ this!‎ I could never have _____38_____ myself doing the New York City Marathon, and here I am and I _____39_____ it. I was a true _____40_____ that it’s never too late to present yourself with a _____41_____ image, as long as you have faith and allow that faith to _____42_____ you.‎ ‎21. A. coach B. athlete C. teacher D. student ‎22. A. easy B. funny C. good D. traditional ‎23. A. hard B. helpful C. popular D.‎ ‎ interesting ‎24. A. show up B. come back C. give up D. hold back ‎25. A. chance B. reason C. weakness D. challenge ‎26. A. hopefully B. secretly C. suddenly D. gradually ‎27. A. walking B. hiking C. running D. wandering ‎28. A. met B. supported C. attended D. considered ‎29. A. war B. inspire C. entertain D. confuse ‎30. A. adventure B. experience C. honor D. opportunity ‎31. A. thanks to B. out of C. apart from D. except for ‎32. A. graduation B. construction C. separation D. preparation ‎33. A. when B. what C. unless D. which ‎34. A. top B. site C. end D. point ‎35. A. listen to B. get through C. hang on D. take over ‎36. A. controlled B. expressed C. imagined D. noticed ‎37. A. tried B. earned C. chose D. made ‎38. A. scholar B. leader C. athlete D. example ‎39. A. right B. new C. powerful D. hopeful ‎40. A. direct B. grasp C. select D. represent ‎【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B 36. C 37. D 38. D 39. B 40. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了我66岁开始练习跑步并参加马拉松比赛，我的切身经历证明了只要你有信念，并让信念指引你，展现自己的新形象永远不会太迟。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不是一名运动员。A. coach教练；B. athlete运动员；C. teacher老师；D. student学生。我在66岁开始跑步，不是因为我是一名运动员，我只是想减肥，故B项正确。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想减肥，跑步似乎是一个好方法。A. easy容易的；B. funny有趣的；C. good好的；D. traditional传统的。我认为跑步一个减肥的好方法，故C项正确。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初很难，刚开始的时候，我主要是走路而不是跑步，但是我没有放弃。A. hard困难的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. interesting有意思的。根据破折号后的“I was mainly walking more than running when I started”可知，刚开始的时候很难，我主要是走路而不是跑步，故A项正确。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. show up出现；B. come back回来；C. give up放弃；D. hold back阻止。根据空前的转折连词but可知，虽然刚开始的时候很难，但我没有放弃，故C项正确。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：甚至三英里走下来都是一种挑战。A. chance 机会；B. reason原因；C. weakness弱点；D. challenge挑战。刚开始练习跑步的时候很难，甚至走完三英里对我来说都是一种挑战，故D项正确。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我只是尽我所能地走，随着时间的推移，我慢慢地开始跑步。A. hopefully有希望地；B. secretly秘密地；C. suddenly突然；D. gradually逐渐。一开始，我只是尽我所能地走，走着走着，慢慢地我就开始跑步了，故D项正确。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，我不断增加跑步的距离。A. walking步行；B. hiking远足；C. running跑步；D. wandering闲逛。上文说慢慢地我开始跑步，后来我就开始不断增加跑步的距离，故C项正确。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在跑步俱乐部遇到了我的教练马里奥。A. met遇到；B. supported支持；C. attended照料；D. considered考虑。根据空后的“my coach Mario in my running club”可知，我在跑步俱乐部遇到了我的教练马里奥，故A项正确。‎ ‎29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他知识渊博，经常用各种各样的名言来鼓舞和激励我。A. war对抗；B. inspire鼓舞、激励；C. entertain使欢乐；D. confuse使困惑。根据空后的“and encourage me”可知，马里奥经常用名言鼓舞和激励我，故B项正确。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一次参加纽约马拉松比赛可能是我一生中最棒的一次经历。A. adventure冒险；B. experience经历；C. honor荣耀；D. opportunity机会。参加马拉松比赛是一种经历，故B项正确。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查介词短语辨析。句意：多亏了马里奥，我准备得很充分。A. thanks to多亏；B. out of出于；C. apart from除……之外；D. except for除了。马里奥是我的教练，多亏了他，我才能准备得充分，故A项正确。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在准备过程中，我学到了很多人生的道理:要想成为一个成功者，你必须在别人都不相信你的时候相信自己。A. graduation毕业；B. construction建设；C. separation分离；D. preparation准备。参加马拉松比赛自然是要事先做好准备，此处是我在准备过程中学到的东西，故D项正确。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。句意同上。A. when当……的时候；B. what什么；C. unless除非；D. which那一点。你必须在别人都不相信你的时候相信自己，这样才能成功，故A项正确。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记得跑完比赛到达终点那一刻我意识到，“天哪，我做到了!”A. top顶点；B. site地点；C. end终点、结束；D. point要点。根据空前的“When I crossed the finishing line,”可知，我跑完比赛到达终点了，故C项正确。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我听到他们说“欢迎来到终点线”，我想，哇，我真的完成比赛了。A. listen to倾听；B. get through完成、通过；C. hang on坚持下去；D. take over接管。他们说“欢迎来到终点线”，这表明我完成比赛了，故B项正确。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有想过我会参加纽约马拉松比赛，但现在我做到了。A. controlled控制；B. expressed表达；C. imagined想象；D. noticed注意到。我66岁才开始跑步，所以以前从未想过自己会参加马拉松比赛，故C项正确。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意同上，make it表示“成功、做成某事”，故D项正确。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我就是一个真实的例子——只要你有信念，并让信念指引你，展现自己的新形象永远不会太迟。A. scholar学者；B. leader领导；C. athlete运动员；D. example例子。我66岁开始练习跑步并参加马拉松比赛，我就是一个真实的例子——只要你有信念，并让信念指引你，展现自己的新形象永远不会太迟，故D项正确。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. right正确的；B. new新的；C. powerful有力量的；D. hopeful有希望的。我66岁开始练习跑步并参加马拉松比赛，我的切身经历证明了展现自己的新形象永远不会太迟，故B项正确。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. direct指引；B. grasp抓住；C. select挑选；D. represent代表。只要你有信念，并让信念指引你，展现自己的新形象永远不会太迟，故A项正确。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Time flies,but the tracks of time remain in ____41____ (variety) artworks and architectural treasures. This is ____42____ made a recent tragedy in Paris even ____43____ (bad).‎ On April 15, 2019, Notre Dame cathedral, one of the greatest treasures of the Western world went up in flames, making it a sad day for ___44___ the architectural history and the world. It’s no wonder that people felt sad. The 850-year-old cathedral, home ___45___ a huge number of artworks, as well as one of the world’ s most famous ‎ tourist ____46____ (attract),is more than a house of worship but also a symbol of French culture, architecture and history. ____47____ (lucky),no one died in the fire and the world - famous stained glass rose windows also survived.‎ The cathedral became truly famous worldwide after the book “The Hunchback of Notre Dame” ___48___ (write) by Victor Hugo, ___49___ (publish) in 1831. Hugo wrote the book to remind people ___50___ (protect) the beautiful old buildings of Paris. French President Emmanuel Macron has promised to reconstruct the historic building in a public speech following the fire.‎ ‎【答案】41. various ‎ ‎42. what 43. worse ‎ ‎44. both 45. to ‎ ‎46. attractions ‎ ‎47. Luckily ‎ ‎48. written ‎ ‎49. was published ‎ ‎50. to protect ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了2019年4月15日发生的巴黎圣母院大火以及巴黎圣母院的历史。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：时光飞逝，但在各种艺术作品和建筑瑰宝中，时间的痕迹依然存在。修饰名词artworks and architectural treasures用形容词，故填various。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查表语从句。句意：这就是使得最近发生在巴黎的一场悲剧更严重的原因。此处为表语从句，从句中缺少主语，故填what。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查形容词比较级。句意同上，even修饰形容词比较级，故填worse。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：2019年4月15日，西方世界最宝贵的财富之一巴黎圣母院，在大火中烧毁，使它成为建筑史和世界悲痛的一天。both…and表示“两者都、既……又……”，故填 both。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：这座有着850年历史的大教堂不仅是一座教堂，还是法国文化、建筑和历史的象征，它收藏了大量艺术品，也是世界上最著名的旅游景点之一。be home to表示“是……的家园/所在地”，故填to。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。句意同上，one of后接可数名词复数，故填attractions。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：幸运的是，没有人在火灾中丧生，闻名世界的彩色玻璃玫瑰窗也幸免于难。修饰整个句子用副词，故填Luckily。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：1831年，维克多·雨果所著的《巴黎圣母院的驼背人》出版后，这座大教堂在世界范围内声名鹊起。the book与write之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语，故填written。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查时态语态。句意同上，事情发生在过去，the book 与publish之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was published。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查不定式。句意：雨果写这本书是为了提醒人们保护巴黎漂亮的老建筑。remind sb to do表示“提醒某人做某事”，故填to protect。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ A man in Los Angeles, US has a very special job — he is a “people walker”.‎ ‎ Chuck McCarthy walks with others for $7 per miles. He also makes conversation with them and providing personal interaction which they might not otherwise get it. “We’re on phones and computers constant communicating, so we’re not connecting as much. We need that human interaction,” he said in a interview with The Guardian. McCarthy is happy to lend his ear to the people of Los Angeles and listens to what they have to say. He now has his own company what offers this walking service. He has more than 35 walkers working for her.‎ Would you like try this service?‎ ‎【答案】第一处：miles→mile 第二处： providing→provides 第三处：删掉it 第四处： constant→constantly 第五处：so→but 第六处：a→an 第七处： listens→listen 第八处： what→that/which 第九处：her→him 第十处： like后加to ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ ‎→本文是一篇说明文，介绍了洛杉矶的一名男子想出了一种新工作——陪别人散步。‎ ‎【详解】第一处：考查名词单复数。句意：Chuck McCarthy陪别人散步，每英里7美元。per 后接可数名词单数，故miles改为mile。‎ 第二处：考查谓语动词。句意：他还与他们交谈，并提供他们可能无法得到的个人互动。and 连接两个并列的动作，此处与makes 一致用第三人称单数形式，故providing改为provides。‎ 第三处：考查代词。句意同上，此处为定语从句，which指代先行词personal interaction并在从句中作get的宾语，it是多余的，故删掉it。‎ 第四处：考查副词。句意：我们用电话和电脑不停地交流，但联系得却没有那么多。修饰动词communicating用副词，故constant改为constantly。‎ 第五处：考查连词。句意同上，根据句意可知前后是转折而非因果关系，故so改为but。‎ 第六处：考查冠词。句意：他在接受《卫报》采访时说：“我们需要这种人与人之间的互动”。Interview以元音音素开头，故a改为an。‎ 第七处：考查不定式。句意：McCarthy很乐意倾听洛杉矶人民的心声，听听他们说了些什么。此处为be+adj+to do 结构，前面已经有了不定式符号to，故listens改为listen。‎ 第八处：考查定语从句。句意：他现在拥有一家提供这种陪人散步服务的公司。此处为定语从句，关系词指代先行词his own company并在从句中作主语，故what改为that/which。‎ 第九处：考查代词。句意：他手下有超过35位陪同散步人员为他工作。Chuck McCarthy是男性，故her改为him。‎ 第十处：考查固定搭配。句意：你想尝试一下这种服务么？would you like to do…?表示“你愿意做……？/你想不想……？”，故like后加to。‎ ‎【点睛】定语从句是短文改错的常见考点，解答定语从句要分两步走，一是找准先行词，二是判断先行词在从句中所作的成分，例如本篇第八处，分析句子结构可知此处为定语从句，先行词为his own company，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that或which。‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假如你是李华，近日你收到就读于伦敦孔子学院的好友Eric来信，说学校组织了唐诗朗诵比赛，由于缺乏自信，他打算放弃。请根据以下要点，给他回信，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 劝他不要放弃比赛并积极备战；‎ ‎2. 鼓励他自信，正确看待失败。‎ 注意：词数100左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考词汇：诗歌：poetry 朗诵recitation Dear Eric,‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Eric:‎ I’m awfully sorry to hear that you are going to quit the Tang Poetry Recitation Contest to be held in your school. I hope that you can be well prepared and enter the contest on time.‎ In my opinion, self - confidence is the first step towards success. Only when you become self - confident can you spare no effort to work hard to achieve your goals. In addition, even if you fail, you mustn’t lose heart. After all, failure can happen to anyone. More importantly, you’d better conclude the reason for your failure and thus make improvements. Therefore, from now on, you must give up the negative ideas and make full preparations for the contest. I’m convinced that you’ll succeed and learn a lot.‎ Looking forward to your good news.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一封回信：假如你是李华，近日你收到就读于伦敦孔子学院的好友Eric来信，说学校组织了唐诗朗诵比赛，由于缺乏自信，他打算放弃。请根据以下要点，给他回信，内容包括：1. 劝他不要放弃比赛并积极备战；2. 鼓励他自信，正确看待失败。时态应为一般现在时。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； poetry（诗歌），recitation（朗诵），prepared（准备好的），self - confidence（自信），failure（失败），negative（消极的），improvement（改进）及effort（努力）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。‎ 本文内容完整，层次分明，结构紧凑，表达准确。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。‎ ‎【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有in one’s opinion（依某人的观点），spare no effort to（不遗余力地做某事），lose heart （灰心），after all (毕竟)，give up（放弃）以及make full preparations for（为……做充分准备），而且还使用了宾语从句“I’m awfully sorry to hear that you are going to quit the Tang Poetry Recitation Contest to be held in your school.”，“I hope that you can be well prepared and enter the contest on time.”及“I’m convinced that you’ll succeed and learn a lot.”，状语从句“In addition, even if you fail, you mustn’t lose heart.”，倒装句“Only when you become self - confident can you spare no effort to work hard to achieve your goals.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。‎ ‎ ‎