高考英语一轮复习Module5TheCo课后达标检测外研版选修8 7页

Module 5 The Conquest of the Universe ‎ (建议用时：35分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·大连一模)Emilia Dobek traces her interest in space and the universe back to third grade when she and her father watched a blood moon—a total lunar eclipse(月食)—on the roof of their house.‎ Now a seventh grader at East Prairie Elementary School, Dobek recently won the national Discovery Education Lockheed Martin Beyond Challenge by designing a space station for travelling to Mars.‎ She says that night watching the lunar eclipse started a strong desire in her that has yet to run out of fuel. So when her teacher Andrea Smeeton received information about the national challenge, Smeeton said she immediately had one student in mind.‎ ‎“I knew she would love the challenge and that she would go way beyond in her search，” Smeeton said. “She immediately started researching bone density(密度) of astronauts and how to have food on Mars.”‎ ‎“My design will ensure the safety of the astronauts but also make sure their comfort is out of this world，” Dobek says.‎ Dobek’s design calls for building the MSS or Mars Storage Station to put the supplies in. It also includes the SGF or SelfGrowing Farm, and she details how it would work with the elements on Mars.‎ Then there is physical and leisure activity for the astronauts under Dobek’s design. A simulator(模拟装置) allows astronauts to choose their exercise machine and virtual reality environment. Rooms have circular ceilings so astronauts will be able to watch downloaded shows and even see places on Earth, such as their homes.‎ ‎“I want to tell other kids to follow their passions，” Dobek said. “Whatever they want to do, they should push for it and always try their best.”‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了小学生Emilia Dobek设计太空站，并赢得挑战的相关内容。‎ ‎1．Dobek first became interested in space when ________．‎ A．she was still a seventh grader 7‎ B．she studied at a junior high school C．she lived on the top of their house D．she watched an eclipse of the moon D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Emilia Dobek traces her interest in space and the universe back to third grade when she and her father watched a blood moon—a total lunar eclipse(月食)—on the roof of their house.”可知，Dobek对太空感兴趣是从她三年级时的一个晚上观看一次月食开始的。‎ ‎2．Smeeton recommended that Dobek take the challenge because ________．‎ A．she knew Dobek liked challenges in life B．she had no other students interested in Mars C．Dobek knew how to research bone density of astronauts D．she was sure that Dobek would have outstanding performance D　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段Smeeton的话可推知，她对Dobek很了解，对其可以接受这项挑战并出色完成充满信心。‎ ‎3．What does Dobek focus on when designing the space station?‎ A．The environment on Mars.‎ B．The safety of the supplies.‎ C．The activities for astronauts.‎ D．The comfort of the astronauts.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“make sure their comfort is out of this world”并结合对倒数第二段的整体理解可推知，Dobek的设计包含身体和休闲活动，让宇航员在太空中也能感到舒适。‎ B ‎(2020·兰州高三诊断)A new chapter opened in mankind’s exploration of the moon on Thursday morning as the first probe(航天探测器) to land on the moon’s far side reached its destination after a 26day journey. The Chang’e 4 lunar probe, representing China’s latest step in lunar investigation, landed at 10：26 am at the Von Kármán crater and then sent back three photos of the landing site shot by cameras on the probe’s lander(着陆器), marking the world’s first images taken on the surface of the far side.‎ One of the photos, published by the China National Space Administration, shows the place where Chang’e 4’s rover, which was named Yutu 2 on Thursday night, will be heading to explore and survey. Thus began the first long journey to the side of the moon that faces away from the Earth. It is meant to fulfill scientists’ longheld 7‎ ‎ desire to closely observe the lesser known region.‎ Tidal(潮汐的)forces on Earth slow the moon’s rotation to the point that the same side always faces Earth. The other side, most of which is never visible from Earth, is the far side of the moon. While it has been photographed by spacecraft, starting with a Soviet probe in 1959, no probe had ever made a soft landing there, so scientists had not been able to conduct surfacelevel observations and surveys of the region.‎ Wu Weiren, chief designer of China’s lunar program, said in Beijing on Thursday that the landing “was perfect”. He called the event “an important milestone for China’s space exploration”， adding that it has made a good start for future lunar exploration efforts.‎ With its investigation of the far side, particularly the Von Kármán crater, the Chang’e 4 mission will enable scientists to find out what they haven’t known about the moon and deepen their knowledge of its early history and of the solar system.‎ ‎【解题导语】　嫦娥四号探测器在月球背面着陆，这标志着中国探月工程的巨大进步，同时也为人类了解月球的背面提供了信息。‎ ‎4．What is the first paragraph mainly about?‎ A．The basic data of the Chang’e 4 lunar probe.‎ B．The Chang’e 4’s worldfirst landing on the moon’s far side.‎ C．The Chang’e 4’s 26day visit to the far side of the moon.‎ D．The description of the photos taken on the surface of the moon’s far side.‎ B　解析：段落大意题。根据第一段第一句“A new chapter opened in mankind’s exploration of the moon on Thursday morning as the first probe(航天探测器) to land on the moon’s far side reached its destination after a 26day journey.”可知，本段主要介绍了嫦娥四号实现了人类首次在月球背面着陆。故选B。‎ ‎5．What does the underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refer to?‎ A．The lander.‎ B．The rover.‎ C．The far side of the moon.‎ D．The Chang’e 4 lunar probe.‎ C　解析：代词指代题。根据第三段的第二句“The other side, most of which is never visible from Earth, is the far side of the moon.”以及画线词所在句中的“While it has been photographed by spacecraft”可知，it在这里指代“the far side of the moon”，故选C。‎ 7‎ ‎6．What can we infer from this text?‎ A．It is only on the moon that people can explore the deep space.‎ B．The scientific information obtained by Chang’e 4 will be new to the world.‎ C．It is the first time for people to see the pictures of the far side of the moon.‎ D．Chinese space technology is more advanced than that of any other country’s.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的“marking the world’s first images taken on the surface of the far side”可知，嫦娥四号月球探测器发回的照片是世界上首次在月球背面拍摄的，由此可推知，B项正确。‎ ‎7．In which section of a website can we probably read this text?‎ A．Tourism.‎ B．Health Care.‎ C．Science and Technology.‎ D．Art and Entertainment.‎ C　解析：文章出处题。本文为新闻报道，介绍了嫦娥四号探测器首次在月球背面着陆，这标志着中国探月工程的巨大进步，由此可推知，本文可能出自一个网站的科技版面。故选C。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2020·长沙统一模拟)Steve was a seventh grader, a big boy, looking more like a teenager than a 12yearold. Yet, he went unnoticed—he had been __1__ every examination since first grade—until Miss Wilma appeared.‎ In the middle of the first semester of school, the entire seventh grade was __2__for basic skills.‎ ‎“You all did pretty well，” Miss Wilma told the class after going over the__3__， “except for one boy. And it __4__ my heart to tell you this, but...” she __5__， “the smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class.” Steve __6__ his eyes and carefully examined his fingertips.‎ After that, Steve still wouldn’t do his homework. Even if Miss Wilma __7__ punished him, he remained __8__．‎ ‎“Steve, please! I care about you！”‎ ‎__9__， Steve got it！“Someone CARES ABOUT ME？！”‎ One Monday a couple of weeks later, Miss Wilma gave a __10__ on the weekend homework. Steve __11__ through the test and was the first to hand in his paper. With 7‎ ‎ a look of __12__， Miss Wilma took his paper and began to look it over.‎ Miss Wilma’s face was in a __13__ shock! She glanced up at Steve, then __14__， then up. The smartest boy in the seventh grade had just passed his first test!‎ From that moment, nothing was the same for Steve. He discovered that not only could he remember and understand __15__， but he could translate what he learned into his life. He became __16__．‎ After high school, Steve enlisted in the Navy, and he had a(n) __17__ military career. During his naval years, he inspired many young people who might not have __18__ themselves without him.‎ A __19__ took place within the heart of a boy all because of one teacher, who __20__．‎ ‎【解题导语】　Steve曾经每次考试都不及格，但是Miss Wilma看到成绩的时候，却说他是班里最聪明的学生，并且告诉他老师非常关心他。Steve感受到老师对自己的良苦用心，从此刻苦学习，改变了自己的命运。老师对他的影响促使他用同样的方法去影响并且帮助更多的人。‎ ‎1．A.missing　　　　　　　　 B．failing C．passing D．skipping B　解析：根据下文可知，Steve学习成绩很差。故可推知，他自一年级以来成绩就不及格，故选B。下文中的“failing”也是提示。‎ ‎2．A.tested B．classified C．separated D．dismissed A　解析：根据语境及下文内容可知，此处是说第一学期期中七年级全部学生进行基本技能测试。test“测试”符合语境。‎ ‎3．A.questions B．effects C．lessons D．results D　解析：根据上文可知，七年级全部学生进行了基本技能测试，故此处应是指查看测试成绩(results)。‎ ‎4．A.fills B．presses C．breaks D．destroys C　解析：根据语境可知，此处表示告诉Steve他考试没及格使Miss Wilma心碎。break “使心碎”。‎ ‎5．A.shouted B．hesitated C．interrupted D．laughed 7‎ B　解析：根据语境可知，Miss Wilma的语意有所转折，故此处表示她犹豫(hesitated)了一下继续说道。‎ ‎6．A.dropped B．raised C．covered D．closed A　解析：根据语境可知，Steve此次测试未及格，所以当Miss Wilma提到Steve的时候，Steve双目低垂，认真检查自己的指尖。drop one’s eyes“垂下眼睛”。‎ ‎7．A.strangely B．steadily C．severely D．secretly C　解析：根据上文“After that, Steve still wouldn’t do his homework.”并结合语境可推知，虽然Miss Wilma严厉地(severely)惩罚了Steve，但他仍然很固执(stubborn)。‎ ‎8．A.helpless B．stubborn C．flexible D．crazy B　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎9．A.Commonly B．Unwillingly C．Particularly D．Suddenly D　解析：根据语境可知，Steve突然顿悟，有人关心着自己。suddenly“突然”符合语境。‎ ‎10．A.quiz B．chance C．speech D．presentation A　解析：根据下文“Steve ______ through the test and was the first to hand in his paper.”可知，该处表示Miss Wilma组织了一场小测试(quiz)。‎ ‎11．A.slept B．looked C．lived D．hurried D　解析：根据该句中的“was the first to hand in his paper”可推知，Steve很快就完成了测试。hurry“急忙(做某事)”符合语境。‎ ‎12．A.disappointment B．surprise C．satisfaction D．inspiration B　解析：根据下文“Miss Wilma’s face was in a ______ shock！”可知，Miss Wilma对Steve的表现非常惊讶(surprise)。disappointment“失望”；satisfaction“满意”；inspiration“鼓舞人心的人(或事物)”。‎ ‎13．A.bitter B．total C．precious D．ridiculous B　解析：根据语境可知，Miss Wilma深感震惊。a total 7‎ ‎ shock“深感震惊”为固定搭配。‎ ‎14．A.down B．away C．out D．back A　解析：根据该句“She glanced up at Steve, then ______， then up.”可知，Miss Wilma深感震惊，上下打量Steve。down“向下”符合语境。‎ ‎15．A.homework B．grades C．knowledge D．subjects C　解析：根据语境以及空后的“but he could translate what he learned into his life”可知，Steve不但记住并理解了知识，而且可以把所学知识(knowledge)应用到生活中。‎ ‎16．A.outstanding B．lazy C．rough D．troublesome A　解析：根据上文内容可知，Steve不但记住并理解了知识，而且可以把所学知识应用到生活中。由此可推知，他变得很优秀(outstanding)。‎ ‎17．A.tiring B．ordinary C．hardworking D．successful D　解析：根据上文并结合语境可推知，毕业后，Steve参加了海军，而且在军队中很成功。tiring“令人困倦的”；ordinary“普通的”；hardworking“努力的”。‎ ‎18．A.relied on B．looked after C．turned to D．believed in D　解析：根据语境可知，Steve在海军服役期间鼓舞了许多年轻人，如果没有他，这些年轻人可能不会相信(believed in)自己。‎ ‎19．A.competition B．choice C．change D．campaign C　解析：根据上文可知，Steve在Miss Wilma的关心(cared)下，发生了改变(change)。‎ ‎20．A.waited B．listened C．wished D．cared D　解析：参见上题解析。与上文中的“I care about you！”呼应。‎ 7‎