2021届高考英语一轮总复习Book8Unit4Pygmalion课时跟踪练 人教版 7页

课时跟踪练39 Unit 4 Pygmalion Ⅰ.阅读理解 A The skin under the eyes is delicate，which is why it sometimes appears sunken and has darker colouring than elsewhere on the face.Aging and health problems play a role in sunken eyes but other factors can contribute too，so it may affect younger people as well.‎ Dehydration The most common cause of sunken eyes is dehydration，or not having enough water in the body.Consuming too much coffee，soda，and prepackaged drinks may increase production of urine(尿液)，which may lead to dehydration.‎ Vitamin Shortages Shortages of vitamin C，vitamin K，and iron can cause eyes to become sunken.Vitamin C helps with absorbing iron and decreasing bruising(瘀斑)，while vitamin K is responsible for blood thickening，the lack of which may cause unhealthy skin.Easy bruising and unhealthy skin will result in sunken eyes.‎ ‎ Weight Loss Most people tend to lose weight in their face first.Sometimes，the weight loss is sudden enough to make blood vessels(血管)below the eyes easy to see，and the skin clear，producing the appearance of sunken eyes.Sudden weight loss may also cause nutritional shortages，which can lead to sunken eyes.‎ Not enough sleep or poorquality sleep can cause sunken eyes and a person's DNA or the habit of smoking can also contribute to sunken eyes.Most cases of sunken eyes relate to the quality of an individual's nutrition and healthy living.When these causes are corrected，sunken eyes can be resolved without further treatment. This means that causes can be avoided or treated in good time to prevent the recurrence of sunken eyes.‎ ‎1．What can we do to prevent dehydration according to the text?‎ A．Refuse coffee.　　 B．Drink more water.‎ C．Say no to soft drinks. D．Have certain drinks less.‎ ‎2．What will lead to bruising below the eyes?‎ A．Lack of vitamin K. B．Water shortages.‎ - 7 -‎ C．Lack of vitamin C. D．Nutritional shortages.‎ ‎3．Which of the following should be avoided for people losing weight?‎ A．Pale faces. B．Sudden weight loss.‎ C．Clean skin. D．Narrow blood vessels.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本篇文章介绍了导致眼部凹陷的几种因素，比如缺水、缺乏维生素、体重减轻、睡眠不足或睡眠质量不好等。‎ ‎1．解析：细节理解题。根据Dehydration部分中的“Consuming too much coffee，soda，and prepackaged drinks may increase production of urine，which may lead to dehydration.”可知，喝太多的咖啡、苏打水和预包装饮料可能会增加尿量，进而可能导致身体缺水，由此可知，为了防止缺水，应减少此类饮料的摄入，故选D项。‎ 答案：D ‎2．解析：细节理解题。根据Vitamin Shortages部分中的“Vitamin C helps with absorbing iron and decreasing bruising...”可知，维生素C有助于铁的吸收和减少瘀斑，所以缺乏维生素C可能导致眼下瘀斑。故选C项。‎ 答案：C ‎3．解析：细节理解题。根据Weight Loss部分中的“Sudden weight loss may also cause nutritional shortages，which can lead to sunken eyes.”可知，体重突降可能会导致营养不足，而这会导致眼部凹陷，由此可知，减重的人应避免体重突降。故选B项。‎ 答案：B B In October，I told the eightyearolds I taught in New Jersey about my plan.“I'd like all of you to do extra jobs around the house to earn some money，”I said.“Then we'll buy food for a Thanksgiving dinner for a needy grandmother who had lived alone for many years.”‎ Early in Thanksgiving week，the boys and girls arrived in class clutching their hardearned money.They had raked leaves，set tables，washed dishes，helped with younger siblings.And now they couldn't wait to go shopping.‎ In the supermarket，when we headed toward the checkout，pushing a cart filled with turkey and all the trimmings(配料)，a kid suddenly spotted another “necessity”and cried “Flowers！”Then，the group dashed toward the holiday plants.‎ I tried to stop them.Obviously，it would be more sensible to use any extra money to buy basic food that could be stretched into meals.Therefore，I pronounced，“You can't eat flowers.”‎ - 7 -‎ ‎“But Mrs Sherlock，”came the complaint in a loud voice，“She'll need them.”Defeated，I gave in at last.And the children agreed to buy a pot of funny purple chrysanthemums.‎ As we finally pulled up in front of a small bungalow hidden in the woods after bouncing along a rutted(留有车辙的)road，a slightly built woman with a weary face came to the door to welcome us.‎ My little group raced to get the food.With each box carried in，the old woman smiled and nodded—much to her visitors' pleasure.When the kids put the flowers on the counter，the woman seemed surprised.“Do you like it here？”a kid asked.“In the woods，I mean.”‎ The woman brightened.She told the children about the birds that flocked to the bread crumbs she put out.“Maybe that's why the Lord sent me this food through you，”she said.“Because I share my food with the birds.”‎ As we returned to the car，we could see the kitchen window.The woman inside waved goodbye，then turned and walked across the room，past the turkey，the trimmings，straight to the chrysanthemums. She put her face in the petals.When she raised her head，there was a smile on her lips.She was transformed before our eyes.‎ ‎4．What does the underlined word “clutching”in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ A．Grabbing quickly. B．Seizing tightly.‎ C．Holding casually. D．Catching nervously.‎ ‎5．According to Paragraph 4，why did the author try to stop the children from buying the flowers at first?‎ A．The children didn't earn enough money.‎ B．The children couldn't decide what kind of flowers to buy.‎ C．The author thought it worthwhile to buy more food.‎ D．The author believed flowers can't be eaten.‎ ‎6．What can we learn from the 6th Paragraph?‎ A．The children were unwilling to go shopping with their teacher.‎ B．It was not easy for the children to reach the old woman's house.‎ C．The old woman showed more interest in the food than the flowers.‎ D．The appearance of the old woman was changed in front of our eyes.‎ ‎7．What does this story intend to tell us?‎ A．It is hard to please all.‎ B．Joys shared with others are more enjoyed.‎ - 7 -‎ C．Love looks not with the eyes，but with the mind.‎ D．A small act of kindness can make a big difference.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　作者号召孩子们在感恩节这天去为独居的老太太买些食物，在购买食物的过程中，孩子们一致要求买些花送给老太太，作者开始不同意，最后做出让步。最后作者惊奇地发现，与食物相比，老太太更喜欢花。‎ ‎4．解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段内容及画线词后的“their hardearned money”可知，这些钱是孩子们辛苦的劳动所得，故可推知，孩子们应是紧紧攥着这些钱来到班级。A项意为“快速地抓住”；B项意为“紧紧地抓住”；C项意为“随便地拿着”；D项意为“紧张地抓住”。故选B项。‎ 答案：B ‎5．解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，作者认为买些基本食物是更明智的，花不能吃，所以一开始作者拒绝买花。故选C项。‎ 答案：C ‎6．解析：细节理解题。根据第六段第一句可知，作者和孩子们一路上在车辙纵横的路上颠簸，最后在树林里的一间小平房前停了下来，对于孩子们来说，来到这里十分不容易，故选B项。‎ 答案：B ‎7．解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，孩子们坚持买花，作者一开始并不赞同，结果却发现花给老太太带来了莫大的欣喜。故可推知应选D项。‎ 答案：D Ⅱ.七选五 You can take fish oil supplements.You can invest in a language class.There are countless methods to improve your memory and cognitive functioning. 1 ．It's called reading.It is amazing how such an ordinary activity can improve your brain in so many ways.‎ The most basic impact occurs in the brain area associated with language reception.Compared with processing spoken language，reading encourages the brain to work harder and better. 2 ．A study found that some of those benefits lasted for five days.‎ Reading also energizes the region responsible for motor activity.That's because the brain is a very lively play actor.When it is reading about a physical activity，the neurons(神经元)that control that activity get busy as well.You may not actually be riding a horse when you're reading Seabiscuit，but your brain acts as if it is. 3 ，the better it is for your overall cognitive performance.‎ - 7 -‎ What if you are a poor reader who feels as if you'll never be able to read enough to harvest these benefits？ 4 ．Scientists studied children aged eight to ten who were belowaverage readers. One hundred hours of reading classes significantly improved the quality of their brains' white matter—the tissue that carries signals between areas of gray matter，where information is processed.‎ ‎ 5 ．Results from a study indicate that close literary reading gives your brain a better workout than leisurely reading.The ability to read closely needs to be developed.So turn off your phone and your computer，set aside a good hour or two—and just read.‎ A．Reading is good for your health B．A book can fix that problem too C．If you read books on a regular basis D．Not all reading is actually created equal E．And the benefits continue long after reading F．The more parts of your brain that get a workout G．But the most effective way to sharpen your brain is right here ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。阅读能改善大脑，激发大脑中负责运动活动的区域，这些益处甚至能持续很长时间。因此，关掉你的手机和电脑，每天留出一两个小时的时间来阅读。‎ ‎1．解析：空格前说有无数种方法可以改善你的记忆力、提高认知功能；空格后说这就是阅读。G项“但是改善大脑最有效的方法在这里”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。‎ 答案：G ‎2．解析：空格后说一项研究发现，其中有一些益处持续了五天。E项“阅读后的益处会持续很长时间”能够引出下文，符合语境。故选E。‎ 答案：E ‎3．解析：根据空格后的“the better it is for your overall cognitive performance”可知，此处是“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”的结构。F项“The more parts of your brain that get a workout”符合这个结构。故选F。‎ 答案：F ‎4．解析：空格前说如果你感觉自己永远无法通过阅读足够多的书来获得益处，会怎么样呢？B项“一本书也可以解决这个问题”回答了这个问题，符合语境。故选B。‎ 答案：B ‎5．解析：空格后说一项研究结果表明，文学精读比泛读能让你的大脑得到更好的锻炼，D项“并非所有读物产生的影响都是相同的”能够引出下文，符合语境。故选D。‎ - 7 -‎ 答案：D Ⅲ.语法填空 It has been known to almost all that innumerable 1. (achieve) have been made during the past four decades in China.Since I arrived in Beijing in mid1975，I think I could well be considered as a witness to that process.According to historians，there hasn't been a country with such a large population in human history 2. has made such profound changes and improvements within such 3. ‎ short span of time.‎ During the past four decades，China has developed into the second 4. (large) economy in the world，and forecasts show that it 5. (take) the first place in the near future.China is already excelling(超过)6. (global)in foreign trade，poverty alleviation (扶贫)，infrastructure(基础设施)construction，industrial capacity，spending on research and development，development of advanced technologies，and global influence.Today's China，in many respects，is “another country” 7. (compare) to the one that I saw 43 years ago.It is true that the road travelled by China in the past four decades 8. (be)easy，and it has had to face numerous difficulties both 9. home and abroad.However，China has managed 10. (overcome)them every year and none of the naysayers(反对者)have proved to be true.Today，many western countries marvel at the positive influence of China's development.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文讲述了作者在过去40年里目睹了中国发生的变化，很多历史学家认为在人类历史上还没有一个拥有如此多人口的国家能够在如此短的时间内取得如此惊人的成就。‎ ‎1．解析：考查词性转换。句意为：众所周知，中国在过去的40年里已经取得了无数的成绩。空前有innumerable修饰，故此处应填achieve的名词复数形式。故填achievements。‎ 答案：achievements ‎2．解析：考查定语从句。句意为：很多历史学家认为，在人类历史上还没有一个有如此多人口的国家能在如此短的时间内作出如此深刻的变化和改善。hasn't been和has made是两个谓语动词，故此处需填一个关系词，把这两句话连接起来，设空处为定语从句的关系词，并且在从句中做主语，指代先行词a country。故填that/which。‎ 答案：that/which ‎3．解析：考查冠词。句意见上一题解析。“such a/an＋名词”是固定用法，意为“如此……的”，此处such a span of time意为“如此短的时间”。故填a。‎ 答案：a ‎4．解析：考查形容词的比较等级。large是形容词，前有序数词修饰，后有范围限定(in - 7 -‎ ‎ the world)，故应用最高级。此处表示中国在过去40年里，已经发展成为世界第二大经济体。故填largest。‎ 答案：largest ‎5．解析：考查动词的时态。根据in the near future可知，此处应用一般将来时。此处表示有预言表明，在不久的将来，中国会成为(世界)第一大经济体。故填will take。‎ 答案：will take ‎6．解析：考查词性转换。句意为：中国在对外贸易、扶贫、基础设施建设、产业能力建设、研发投入、先进技术开发及全球影响力等方面，已经处于全球领先地位。修饰动词应用副词。故填globally。‎ 答案：globally ‎7．解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：与43年前我看到的中国相比，当今的中国在很多方面可算是一个新的国家。本句中谓语动词是is，与compare之间无连词连接，故compare应用非谓语形式。compare与Today's China之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故应用其过去分词。故填compared。‎ 答案：compared ‎8．解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：在过去40年里，中国走的道路是不容易的，需要面对国内外的诸多困难。根据空前的“in the past four decades”及空后的“and it has had to”和句意可知，此处应用现在完成时的否定形式。故填has not been/hasn't been。‎ 答案：has not been/hasn't been ‎9．解析：考查介词。句意见上一题解析。at home and abroad为固定搭配，意为“在国内外”。故填at。‎ 答案：at ‎10．解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：但是每一年中国都克服了这些困难……manage to do sth是固定短语，意为“设法做成某事”。故填to overcome。‎ 答案：to overcome - 7 -‎