【英语】山东省滨州市2020届高三三模考试试题（解析版） 20页

山东省滨州市2020届高三三模考试 英语试题 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Here are four women who made it their life’s mission to make the world a better place through environmental activism. ‎ Greta Thunberg ‎“I have not accomplished anything. ”This statement was made by Greta Thunberg(17 years old)and it couldn’t be further from the truth. Her dedication to protecting the environment for our future generations is all accomplishment on its own. Her ability to resist to adults in power is admirable and continues to push the importance of conservation to the front of our minds. ‎ Peggy Shelmrd WE ACT for Environmental Justice is an organization that “through advocacy，planning，and research…mobilizes low-income communities to make environmental changes. ”At the helm(掌权)of WE ACT is Peggy Shepard. Her goal is to make sure that sustainable environmental practices are accessible to all，regardless of circumstance. ‎ Rachel Carson American marine biologist，writer，scientist，and ecologist，Rachel Carson(1907—1964)，was way ahead of her time. She wrote about conservation in the late 1930s and focused on her mission of protecting our oceans. ‎ Julia “Butterfly” Hill In the late 90s，Julia “Butterfly” Hill spent 738 days living in an ancient redwood，called Luna. This act brought awareness to the immense human threats to Redwood trees. Julia continues to advocate for the environment. “By standing together in unity，solidarity and love，we will heal the wounds in the earth and in each other. We can make a positive difference through our actions. ”‎ ‎1. What do we know about Greta Thunberg?‎ A. She has not accomplished anything.‎ B. She seldom tells the truth.‎ C. She faces powerful people bravely to protect environment.‎ D. She shows great respect and admiration to people in power.‎ ‎2. Why did Peggy Shepard set up the organization WE ACT?‎ A. To help poor people to lead a better life.‎ B. To appeal to low-income group to protect our environment.‎ C. To make people aware of the environmental status.‎ D. To control the changes of environment.‎ ‎3. Who preferred taking on-the-spot actions to protect environment?‎ A. Greta Thunberg. B. Peggy Shepard.‎ C. Rachel Carson. D. Julia “Butterfly” Hill.‎ ‎【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了四位女性将通过环保行动让世界变得更美好作为她们的人生使命。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段Her dedication to protecting the environment for our future generations is all accomplishment on its own. Her ability to resist to adults in power is admirable and continues to push the importance of conservation to the front of our minds（她为子孙后代保护环境的奉献精神，本身就是一种成就。她抵抗成年人掌权的能力令人钦佩，并继续将保护的重要性推广我们的脑海中）可知，在面对强权人物是，她勇敢保护环境的行为令人钦佩。故选C项。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段WE ACT for Environmental Justice is an organization that “through advocacy，planning，and research…mobilizes low-income communities to make environmental changes（“我们为环境正义而行动”是一个“通过倡导、规划和研究……动员低收入社区改变环境”的组织）可知 ，这个组织是为了让低收入者参与到保护环境的行动中来。故选B项。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段In the late 90s，Julia “Butterfly” Hill spent 738 days living in an ‎ ancient redwood，called Luna. This act brought awareness to the immense human threats to Redwood trees（90年代末， Julia “Butterfly” Hill在一棵名为卢娜(Luna)的古老红杉里生活了738天。该行为使人们意识到人类对红杉的巨大威胁）可知，Julia “Butterfly” Hill以自己的行动---居住在一颗古老红杉树738天的行为来告诉人们要保护环境。他采用现场行动的方式来保护环境。故选D项。‎ B Every so often，someone so young does something so amazing that you can’t help but wonder how he manages it. That’s what happened the first time we heard Matthew Whitaker play the piano. Matthew is a jazz pianist who is blind，and since the age of 11，he’s been performing around the world. ‎ Matthew Whitaker was born at 24th week. He weighed 1 pound and 11 ounces. His parents were told he had less than a 50％chance of survival. One of the many complications(并发症)he faced was a disease which led to blindness. ‎ No one in Matthew’s family was a musician，but his grandfather bought him his first keyboard when he was 3 years old. It didn’t take long for Matthew to show that he had a gift. So the Whitakers decided to get Matthew a teacher，which proved to be difficult. “At the time，we got a lot of answers that he’s too young and they don’t know how to teach a blind child，”Moses Whitaker said. “He was 3 years old at the time. ”‎ Finally，Dalia Sakas agreed to meet Matthew. Dalia is the director of music studies at a music school in New York City，a school for the visually impaired. To her surprise，Matthew could 1isten to a piece of music once and then play it. “Because it is rare to meet someone of the world and I want to make that possible. ”‎ She did. Matthew has played in more than 200 clubs and concert halls around the world. His love of music has never been in doubt. Matthew’s latest album is called Now Hear This. One critic noted that it sounded like Matthew was playing with six hands.‎ ‎4. Which word best describes Matthew as a pianist?‎ A. Fruitless. B. Ordinary.‎ C. Remarkable. D. Ambitious.‎ ‎5. What was the root cause of Matthew’s blindness?‎ A. His premature birth. B. His low weight.‎ C. His low chance of survival. D. A disease running in his family.‎ ‎6. What increased the difficulty finding Matthew a music teacher?‎ A. His family background. B. His lack of talent.‎ C. His age and disability. D. His character.‎ ‎7. Why did Dalia accept Matthew as her student?‎ A. Because she sympathized Matthew for his experience.‎ B. Because she was struck by Matthew’s talent for music.‎ C. Because she gave in to the insistence of Matthew’s grandfather.‎ D. Because she knew how to teach a blind student well.‎ ‎【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Matthew Whitaker在弹奏钢琴方面的天赋、经历以及所取得的成就。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一自然段最后一句Matthew is a jazz pianist who is blind, and since the age of 11, he’s been performing around the world.可知，马修作为一名盲人钢琴家，在十一岁的时候就开始全世界演出了。通过此句，我们可以推断出他是一个非常卓越、优秀的人。故此题选C。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第二自然段第一句Matthew Whitaker was born at 24th week.可知，马修是一个早产儿，所以带来了一系列的问题，从而导致了他的失明。故此题选A。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段At the time，we got a lot of answers that he’s too young and they don’t know how to teach a blind child可知，老师们觉得马修太小了，并且是个盲人，所以不愿意接收。由此可知，马修的年龄和残疾增加了给马修找音乐老师的难度。故此题选C。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段To her surprise，Matthew could 1isten to a piece of music once and then play it.（让她吃惊的是，马修能听一段音乐，然后就弹出来。）由此可知可知，Dalia接受马修作她的学生，是因为她被马修的音乐天赋所打动。故此题选B。‎ C For the most part, American children aren’t great at math. But Chinese children tend to be excellent. It’s consistently found Chinese students at the top of the academic pile and Americans much nearer the bottom.‎ In Lenora Chu’s book “Little Soldiers: An American Boy, a Chinese School”, she begins to reveal the cultural differences that lead to this gap. The differences she notices in children’s focus and discipline are dramatic, but she also notices cultural differences that influence how Chinese schools are run, and the reason why its students test so well. Along with factors such as highly trained teachers and an emphasis on memorizing before pursuing deeper understanding, the difference comes down to a belief that has begun slowly making its way across the US: achievement is the result of hard work, not natural ability.‎ This approach comes from a firm belief that anything is possible with hard work, with chiku, or “eating bitter”. Studies show that for kids who score poorly. Chinese teachers believe a lack of effort—rather than of smarts — is to blame.‎ Stanford psychologist Carol Dweck, author of “Mindset (心态)”, is responsible for making up the terms “growth mindset” and “fixed mindset”. Chinese students are trained to have a growth mindset: if they aren’t doing well, they’11 work harder, and they’ll be successful. American children tend to be trained to have a fixed mindset about academics: their abilities are largely predetermined and static. If they aren’t doing well, it’s because they’re not good at it.‎ In America students are told that learning is fun and easy. But real learning is actually very difficult and takes suffering and anxiety. If you’re not willing to go through that you’re not going to learn deeply. The downside is these students often give up when something gets hard or when it’s no longer fun.‎ ‎8. According to Lenora Chu, what contributes most to the Chinese students’ excellent academic performance?‎ A. School operation model. B. The emphasis on memorizing.‎ C. High-qualified teachers. D. Chinese culture.‎ ‎9. According to Chinese teachers, students failing an exam are______.‎ A. lazy B. slow C. unfocused D. foolish ‎10. Which of the following is TRUE according to Carol Dweck’s theory?‎ A. A majority of Chinese students are born excellent learners.‎ B. American students tend to believe learning ability is genetically determined.‎ C. Amerlcan students should choose a Chinese school to achieve success.‎ D. American students are lacking in a fixed mindset, compared to Chinese students.‎ ‎11. What can we learn from the last paragraph?‎ A. Students should study in a fun way.‎ B. American students are always anxious about their study.‎ C. American students have no difficulty in learning deeply.‎ D. Diligence plays an essential part in learning.‎ ‎【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文 。文章阐述了中美两国因为文化差异导致了对学生学习的不同看法。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段In Lenora Chu’s book “Little Soldiers: An American Boy, a Chinese School”, she begins to reveal the cultural differences that lead to this gap.(在Lenora Chu的书Little Soldiers: An American Boy, a Chinese School中，她开始揭示导致这一差距的文化差异)可知，Lenora Chu认为中美学生之间的差异是因文化差异引起的。即中国文化让中国学生在学业上变得优秀。故选D项。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段 Studies show that for kids who score poorly. Chinese teachers believe a lack of effort — rather than of smarts — is to blame.(研究表明，对于成绩差的孩子来说。中国的老师们认为，问题的症结在于缺乏努力，而不是缺乏智慧)可知，中国老师认为，考试不及格的学生是懒惰的。故选A项。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段American children tend to be trained to have a fixed mindset about academics: their abilities are largely predetermined and static. If they aren’t doing well, it’s because they’re not good at it.(美国儿童往往被训练成对学术有一种固定的心态：他们的能力很大程度上是预先决定的，而且是静态的。如果他们做得不好，那是因为他们不擅长)可知，美国学生倾向于认为学习能力是由基因决定的。原文中的“预先决定和静态”指的就是遗传或者基因。综合分析，故选B项。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段In America students are told that learning is fun and easy. But real learning is actually very difficult and takes suffering and anxiety. If you’re not willing to go through that you’re not going to learn deeply. The downside is these students often give up when something gets hard or when it’s no longer fun.(在美国，学生们被告知学习是有趣而简单的。但真正的学习实际上是非常困难的，需要痛苦和焦虑。如果你不愿意经历这些，你就不能深入学习。缺点是，当事情变得困难或不再有趣时，这些学生往往会放弃)可知，因为学习是困难、痛苦和焦虑的，所以学习的过程中勤奋刻苦是很重要的。故选D项。‎ D The sixth mass extinction is not a worry for the future. It’s happening now，much faster than previously expected，and it's entirely our fault，according to a study puhlished Mooday. ‎ Humans have already wiped out hundreds of species and pushed many more to the brink of extinction through wildlife trade，pollution，habitat loss and the use of toxic substances. The findings published in the scientific Journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences( PNAS)show that the rate at which species are dying out has accelerated in recent decades. ‎ Gerardo Ceballos González，a professor of ecology at the National Autonomous University of Mexico and one of the authors of the study，said approximately 173 species went extinct between 2001 and 2014. “173 species is 25 times more extinct species than you would expect under the normal extinction rate. ”he told CNN in an email. He and his team found that in the past 100 years，more than 400 vertebrate(脊椎动物的)species went extinct. In the normal course of evolution，such extinctions would have taken up to 10，000 years，they said. ‎ Mass extinctions are just as severe as their name suggests. There have been five mass extinction events in the Earth’s history，each wiping out between 70％and 95％of the species of plants，animals and microorganisms. The most recent，66 million years ago，saw dinosaurs disappear. The past events were caused by catastrophic changes of the environment，including massive volcanic eruptions or collision with an asteroid. ‎ The sixth mass extinction the one happening now—is different：scientists say it’s caused by humans. The researchers also said the current coronavirus(冠状病毒)crisis shows people’s recklessness(鲁莽)towards nature can seriously hurt themselves. Many endangered species are ‎ dying in large numbers due to the trade in wild animals and plants.‎ ‎12. What does the underlined word “toxic” in Para. 2 mean?‎ A. Poisonous B. Useful C. Alternative D. Environment-friendly ‎13. How does the writer convince readers of the seriousness of the mass extinctions?‎ A. By listing reliable statistics.‎ B. By imagining a picture of the extinctions.‎ C. By mentioning some news from CNN.‎ D. By explaining the history of the extinctions.‎ ‎14. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?‎ A. To tell the difference between the fifth and sixth extinction.‎ B. To explain the cause of the coronavirus crisis.‎ C. To warn humans to get rid of their wrong actions.‎ D. To show the writer’s concern about the endangered species.‎ ‎15. What does this article mainly talk about?‎ A. The changes of the environment do harm to wildlife.‎ B The sixth mass extinction is much faster than expected.‎ C. Mass extinctions are just as severe as their name suggests.‎ D. The current coronavirus has arisen from the illegal trade.‎ ‎【答案】12. A 13. A 14. C 15. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了第六次大灭绝正在到来，且比我们想象的来得快。同时文章分析了产生第六次大灭绝的原因，即人类的行为。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句话，人类已经使数百种物种灭绝，并将更多物种推向灭绝的边缘的方式是通过野生动物贸易、污染、毁掉栖息地和toxic substances的使用。根据句意，此处应表示“有毒物质”的使用。A. Poisonous 有毒的；B. Useful 有用的；C. Alternative 供选择的D. Environment-friendly 环保的。通过分析，故选A项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段Gerardo Ceballos González，a professor of ecology at the National ‎ Autonomous University of Mexico and one of the authors of the study，said approximately 173 species went extinct between 2001 and 2014. “173 species is 25 times more extinct species than you would expect under the normal extinction rate. ”he told CNN in an email. He and his team found that in the past 100 years，more than 400 vertebrate species went extinct. In the normal course of evolution，such extinctions would have taken up to 10，000 years，they said（墨西哥国立自治大学的生态学教授、该研究的作者之一Gerardo Ceballos Gonzalez表示，2001年至2014年间，大约有173个物种灭绝。173个物种的灭绝数量是正常灭绝率下的25倍。他在电子邮件中告诉CNN。他和他的团队发现,在过去的100年里,超过400种的脊椎动物物种灭绝。他们说，在正常的进化过程中，这样的灭绝会持续一万年之久）可知，作者通过列出可靠的统计数据，使读者相信大规模灭绝的严重性。故选A项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段The sixth mass extinction the one happening now—is different：Scientists say it’s caused by humans. The researchers also said the current coronavirus crisis shows people’s recklessness towards nature can seriously hurt themselves. Many endangered species are dying in large numbers due to the trade in wild animals and plants（现在正在发生的第六次大灭绝是不同的:科学家说它是由人类引起的。研究人员还表示,目前冠状病毒危机显示了人类对自然的鲁莽会严重伤害自己。由于野生动植物贸易，许多濒危物种正在大量死亡）可知，现在正在进行的第六次大灭绝和人类的错误行为有关。人类的活动导致了许多濒危物种正在大量死亡。最终人类也会伤害到自己。综合分析，最后一段的目的是警告人类去除他们的错误行为。故选C项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段The sixth mass extinction is not a worry for the future. It’s happening now，much faster than previously expected，and it's entirely our fault（第六次大灭绝并不是未来的担忧。它现在发生了，比之前预期的要快得多，完全是我们的错）可知，第六次大灭绝正在到来，而且比我们预期的还要快。再根据文章最后一段可知，第六次大灭绝是由人类造成的，并且最终会危害到人类。综合分析，本篇文章讲述的是由于人类行为导致的第六次大灭绝的到来，且比我们预期来的快。故选B项。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Do you have difficulty falling asleep at night? If so, here is a piece of advice for you：listen to some soft music. ‎ ‎___16___ This works for sleepers of all ages，and even for those with sleeping problems. Soft music can help us fall asleep faster，wake up less during the night and feel more rested in the morning. You may not notice the effects overnight，though. ___17___ . ‎ Why can soft music help us sleep better? The reasons aren’t clear yet. It may have something to do with the relaxing effect of a good song. Music can have real physical effects，too. Soft music can lower our heart rate and slow down our breathing. ___18___ . ‎ Scientists say that for most people，music that has 70 beats per minute works best ___19___ . Familiar songs work well，too. You may need to experiment to make your own playlists. If you are not sure how many heats a song has in a minute，you can find out by entering its title into songbpm.com. And remember to get the volume right. ___20___. Otherwise，you may be woken up by the sudden silence. ‎ It is very important to get enough high-quality sleep. Before you go to bed tonight，play some soft music. Then，just prepare to be rocked off to dreamland!‎ A. This prepares us for sleep B. Make sure that the final piece is one that slowly fades out C. It would take as many as three weeks to see any improvements D. Therefore，folk music is something that anyone can understand E. Classical，jazz and folk music are usually more effective than other musical styles F. Scientists have found that soft music can help to improve sleep quality and quantity G. Music plays a more important role in our life than just being a source of entertainment ‎【答案】16. F 17. C 18. A 19. E 20. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章作者告诉我们轻音乐有助于我们提高睡眠质量，增加睡眠时间。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 划线后提到“这个方法对所有年龄段的睡眠者都有效，甚至对那些有睡眠问题的人也有效”。同时划线后在第二句话也提到了“轻音乐可以帮助我们更快地入睡，在晚上少醒来，在早上感觉更休息的更好”。由此可知，F项“科学家发现，轻音乐可以帮助改善睡眠质量和睡眠时间”统领下文，且划线后的this指代F项的“轻音乐改善睡眠质量和睡眠时间”这个发现。因此F项切题。故选F项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据前句提到“不过，你可能不会在一夜之间注意到这些效果”可知，C项“可能需要长达三周的时间才能看到任何改善”是对前句进行补充说明。因此C项切题。故选C项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据前句提到“轻音乐可以降低我们的心率和呼吸速度”可知，A项“为我们睡觉做好准备”和前句构成因果关系，且A项中的this 指代前句提及的“降低我们的心率和呼吸速度”。因此A项切题。故选A项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据前句提到“科学家说，对大多数人来说，每分钟70拍的音乐效果最好”可知，E选项“古典、爵士和民俗音乐通常比其他音乐风格更有效”是对前句进行补充说明。因此E项切题。故选E项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据划线后句提到“否则，你可能会被突然的寂静吵醒”可知，B项“确保最后一曲是慢慢结束的”前后构成条件关系。即要确保最后一曲是慢慢结束，不然会被突然的安静吵醒。因此B项切题。故选B项。‎ 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ At first，a Belgian man thought the noise coming from his outdoor planter was annoying pigeons. It ___21___ to be Europe’s largest owl—four of them. ‎ One of the world’s largest owls，the Eurasian eagle owl，set up ___22___ in Jos Baart’s third-storey apartment planter. ___23___ the mother owl’s three chicks hatched，they’ve taken to watching ___24___ through the window with their new landlord(房东). ‎ In video footage，the huge，fluffy chicks can be seen standing at attention in ___25___，eyeing the television screen ___26___ Baart’s shoulder.‎ Their ___27___ mom typically watches over her hatchlings from behind a bush for six to eight hours at a stretch each day，seemingly a little more ___28___ of Baart and her babies’TV-watching habits. ‎ They seem to have grown ___29___ to each other now，but not so long ago，Baart，thought ‎ they were ___30___. “I thought，damn，those pigeons again，”he says. He was proven ___31___ one day when he arrived home and the large mother owl took ___32___ right in front of him. “You can see how ___33___ they are，”Baart says in the footage. “They’re not scared at a11. ”‎ Eagle owls typically nest on cliffs and ledges，but are sometimes known to ___34___abandoned golden eagle nests. They have no natural predators and a long lifespan of 20 years in the ___35___，but can live up to 60 years in captivity(圈养).‎ ‎21. A. holds on B. turns out C. 1ives up D. gives away ‎22. A. camp B. time C. business D. shop ‎23. A. Before B. Until C. Once D. Since ‎24. A. video B. footage C. games D. TV ‎25. A. sense B. way C. row D. hurry ‎26. A. over B. on C. off D. by ‎27. A. less-diligent B. less-friendly C. gentle D. ambitious ‎28. A. careless B. patient C. cautious D. sensitive ‎29. A. addicted B. accustomed C. attached D. opposed ‎30. A. annoyances B. guests C. friends D. enemies ‎31. A. fake B. true C. right D. wrong ‎32. A. fright B. flight C. care D. place ‎33. A. cute B. tense C. relaxed D. alert ‎34. A. leave behind B. stand up C. put up D. take over ‎35. A. region B. nest C. wild D. field ‎【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文为一片记叙文，讲述了一个比利时人和猫头鹰妈妈以及她的三只幼崽一起生活的故事。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：结果证明是欧洲最大的四种猫头鹰之一。A. holds on持有；B. turns out结果是；C. 1ives up快乐生活；.D. gives away分发。上文这个比利时人猜测发出噪音是鸽子，但是后文说到其实是猫头鹰，所以这里应该是结果是。故此题选B。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：世界上最大的猫头鹰之一，欧亚鹰猫头鹰，在乔斯巴特的三楼公寓种植园里安营扎寨。A. camp营地；B. time时间；C. business商业；D. shop购物。下文讲到猫头鹰妈妈在这里生了三只小猫头鹰可知，她把巢安在了这里。故此题选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。句意：自从猫头鹰妈妈的三只幼鸟孵出后，它们就开始和新房东一起透过窗户看电视。A. Before之前；B. Until直到；C. Once一旦；D. Since因为，自从。根据句意，它们扎寨在此后，就和房东一起生活，所以这里应该表达自从这一含义。故此题选D。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意见上一题。A. video视频；B. footage英尺长度；C. games游戏；D. TV电视。根据下文TV-watching habits可知，他们是一起看电视。故此题选D。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在视频画面中，可以看到巨大的，毛茸茸的幼鸟站成一排，盯着巴尔特肩上的电视屏幕。A. sense感觉；B. way方式；C. row排；D. hurry急忙。这里写幼鸟们是排成排站着在看电视。故此题选C。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查介词词义辨析。句意见上一题。A. over高于；B. on在……上；C. off离开；D. by通过。上文讲到它们是透过窗户看电视的，所以应该是屏幕高于肩膀，而不是在肩膀上。on表示在……上时,物体表面相接处,over表示在……上方时,只是表示某一物体位置高于另一物体,表面不接触。故此题选A。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们不那么友好的妈妈通常每天在灌木丛后面照看她的幼崽，差不多六到八个小时，似乎对巴尔特和她的宝宝看电视的习惯更为谨慎。A. less-diligent不勤奋的；B. less-friendly不友好的；C. gentle温柔的；D. ambitious有野心的。通过这段话中可知猫头鹰妈妈非常在意自己的幼崽，害怕它们受到伤害，所以对于其他事物就不太友好。故此题选B。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上一题。A. careless粗心的；B. patient有耐心的；C. cautious 谨慎的；D. sensitive敏感的。这段话中说到，猫头鹰妈妈每天照看孩子的时间长达六到八小时。可知，猫头鹰妈妈对于周围事物很谨慎。故此题选C。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们现在似乎已经习惯了对方，但不久前巴尔特还认为他们是打扰。A. addicted沉迷的；B. accustomed习惯的；C. attached附加的；D. opposed反对的。巴尔特和猫头鹰一家已经一起生活很长一段时间了，所以他对此已经习惯了。故此题选B。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意见上一题。A. annoyances打扰，烦恼；B. guests客人；C. friends朋友；D. enemies敌人。根据文章开头the noise coming from his outdoor planter was annoying pigeons可知，一开始觉得它们一家是招人烦。故此题选A。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当他回到家时，他被证明是错的，猫头鹰妈妈就在他面前飞走了。“你可以看到他们有多放松，”巴尔特在镜头中说。A. fake虚假的；B. true真实的；C. right正确的；D. wrong错误的。上文说到I thought, damn, those pigeons again可知巴尔特认为它们又飞回来了，但是下文说到猫头鹰妈妈从他面前飞走了可以推断出，他的判断是错误的。故此题选D。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意见上一题。A. fright惊吓；B. flight飞行；C. care关心；D. place地方。根据常识可知，猫头鹰是靠飞行的。故此题选B。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你看它们多放松啊。A. cute可爱的；B. tense紧张的；C. relaxed放松的；D. alert选择的。通过下文They’re not scared可知，猫头鹰一点都不害怕，很放松。故此题选C。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：猫头鹰通常在悬崖和岩架上筑巢，但有时会接管废弃的金鹰巢。A. leave behind落后；B. stand up起立；C. put up举起；D. take over接管。这里是在讲猫头鹰筑巢，通过下文的abandoned可知，也是可以用别人抛弃了的。故此题选D。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们没有天敌，在野外寿命长达20年，但在圈养条件下可以活60年。A. region地区；B. nest巢；C. wild野外；D. field田地。通过下文的圈养可知，这里讲的是圈养的对立面，也就是野外生存。故此题选C。‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. ‎ The Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. It was created thousands of years ago ___36___ (guide)agricultural production. ‎ Grain in Ear(芒种)，the ___37___ (nine)solar term，begins on June 5 this year and signifies the ripening of wheat. Regions neat the Yangtze River ___38___ (be)about to enter the Plum Rains season. Plum Rains，often ___39___ (occur)during June and July，refer to the long period of continuous rainy or cloudy weather. It happens to be the time for plums(李子)to ripen，___40___explains the origin of its name. Green plums contain a variety of natural and high-quality organic acids and are rich in minerals. ___41___ ，fresh plums are acerbic(酸的)and need to be boiled before serving. There was an allusion(典故)that Cao Cao and Liu Bei，two central figures in the Three Kingdoms period(AD 220—280)，talked about ___42___(hero)while boiling green plums. ‎ ‎“An Miao”(meaning seedling protection)is a traditional farming activity of southern Anhui province that ___43___(practice)since the early Ming Dynasty(1368—1644). People make different types of bread with wheat flour and color them with vegetable Juice. The bread is used ___44___ a sacrificial offering(祭品)to pray for a good harvest and people’s ____45____ (safe).‎ ‎【答案】36. to guide 37. ninth 38. are 39. occurring 40. which 41. However ‎ ‎42. heroes 43. has been practiced 44. as 45. safety ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国的传统节气“芒种”；青梅煮酒典故的来源；安徽省“安苗”节的来源。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年前，它被创造出来指导农业生产。分析句子，简单句中已有动词was created，故此处提示词需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用to do 表示目的。故填to guide。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查数词。句意：今年的第9个节气是芒种，从‎6月5日开始，标志着小麦的成熟。分析句子，定冠词the后面修饰序数词而非基数词。故填ninth。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：长江沿岸地区即将进入梅雨季节。分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词，故此处需填动词的时态。根据句意，此句表示客观实在性，所以需用一般现在时。又因逻辑主语是复数即Regions neat the Yangtze River。根据主谓一致原则，此处动词也用复数。故填are。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：梅雨通常发生在6月和7月，指的是长时间连续下雨或多云的天气。分析句子，提示词所处分句无主语，故提示词需填非谓语动词。occur和逻辑主语之间表示主动关系。故填occurring。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：正好是李子成熟的时候，这也解释了它名字的由来。分析句子，划线部分充当了主语，故该处应填引导词。分析句意，划线部分为非限制性定语从句，先行词指代前面主语部分内容。故填which。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：然而，新鲜的李子是酸的，需要在食用前煮沸。分析句子，划线前提到“青梅富含多种天然优质有机酸和丰富的矿物质”而划线后却又说“新鲜李子是酸的，需要煮沸才能食用”。因此可知，此处表示前后转折。置于句首，首字母大写。故填However。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。句意：相传三国时期(公元220-280年)曹操和刘备煮青梅议论英雄。分析句子，提示词hero译为“英雄”，为可数名词需要表示复数泛指“多个英雄”。此处放在介词后面充当宾语。故填heroes。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查动词时态语态。句意：“安苗”(意思是保护幼苗)是安徽省南部的一项传统农业活动，自明朝(1368-1644)早期就开始了。分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。提示词后有现在完成时的时间状语since the early Ming Dynasty(1368—1644)。所以此处需用现在完成时。定语从句中的that指代先行词“An Miao”与practice之间构成被动关系，同时助动词需用单数。故填has been practiced。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。句意：这种面包是用作祭品的。分析句子，be used as 译为“被用作…...”是固定短语。故填as。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：面包是用来祭祀的好收成和人民的安康。分析句子， people’s 后面需修饰名词构成所属关系，需将提示词变为名词。故填safety。‎ 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节(满分15分)‎ ‎46.假如你是李华，是你校“英语报”的主编，请你根据提示，用英语写一封邮件向你的笔友Tom为“To be the master of your cellphone”栏目约稿。‎ 要点包括：‎ ‎1. 该栏目的意义；‎ ‎2. 稿件要求：词数400左右；‎ ‎3. 截稿日期：‎6月20日。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 邮件词数80左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3. 电子邮件的开头已为你写好。‎ Dear Tom,‎ How is everything going?‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Tom,‎ How is everything going?‎ Recently there’s a column called “To Be the Master of Your Public” in our school’s English Newspaper. As we know, cell phones are more than common in campus now.‎ On one hand, some students will use mobile phones to collect materials to help them improve their study. They are the owner of their phones. On the other hand, there are also some students who are addicted to mobile phones every day, becoming themselves to be a slave to their phones. What do you think of this phenomenon? Could you write an essay about it? ‎ We hope you can write an essay about 400 words to convey your idea and sent us before June 20th.We are looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求以李华的身份向笔友Tom为“To be the master of your cellphone”栏目约稿。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文。‎ 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。‎ 结构：总分法。‎ 要求：‎ ‎1. 该栏目的意义；‎ ‎2. 稿件要求：词数400左右；‎ ‎3. 截稿日期：‎6月20日。‎ 第二步：列提纲（重点短语）‎ As we know；collect materials；are addicted to ‎ 第三步：连词成句 ‎1.As we know, cell phones are more than common in campus now. ‎ ‎2. some students will use mobile phones to collect materials to help them improve their study ‎ ‎3. On the other hand, there are also some students who are addicted to mobile phones every day, becoming themselves to be a slave to their phones.‎ 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第四步：连句成篇 ‎1.表示文章结构顺序：提出约稿意愿；提出稿件字数要求；说明截稿时间。‎ ‎2.表示并列补充关系：As we know；On one hand；But on the other hand；‎ 第五步：润色修改 ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯。复合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多的高端句式，如定语从句On the other hand, there are also some students who are addicted to mobile phones every day, becoming themselves to be a slave to their phones.非谓语动词We hope you can write an essay about 400 words to convey your idea…等。文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然。为文章增色添彩。‎ 第二节(满分25分)‎ ‎47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ I have a friend who is afraid of spiders. This isn’t very unusual；a lot of people are afraid of spiders. I don’t really like spiders much myself. But my friend isn’t afraid of spiders in any normal way. She isn’t just afraid of spiders，she is totally，completely and utterly terrified of them. When she sees a spider，she shivers all over and sometimes she freezes completely—she can’t move at all because she is so scared. Sometimes she even faints. ‎ She decided to do something about her terror，so she went to visit a doctor. After knowing my friend’s situation，the doctor got out a small spider from his desk. It wasn’t a real spider. It was made of plastic. Even so，my friend screamed when she saw it. “Don’t worry，”said the doctor. “It’s not a real spider. ”“I know，”said my friend. “But I’m afraid of it just the same. ”‎ ‎“Hmm，”said the doctor. “A serioos case. . . ”He put the plastic spider on the desk. When my friend stopped screaming，the doctor told her to touch it. When she stopped screaming again—the idea of touching the plastic spider was enough to make her scream—she touched it. At first she touched it for just one second. She shivered all over，but at least she managed to touch it. “OK，”said the psychiatrist. “that’s all for today and you can go home now. ”‎ My friend went back the next day，and found the plastic spider was already on the doctor’s desk. This time she touched it and held it for five minutes. Then the doctor told her to go home and come back the next day. The next day she went back and the plastic spider was on her chair. She had to move the spider so she could sit down. The next day she held the spider in her hand while she sat in her chair. The next day，the doctor gave her the plastic spider and told her to take it home with her. After a deep breath，she agreed. ‎ Paragraph 1:‎ The next day，she went back with the plastic spider and then she had a shock...a big shock. ‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2:‎ ‎“Guess what?” my friend said to me one day. “I’ve got a new pet!” _____________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】The next day，she went back with the plastic spider and then she had a shock...a big shock. The psychiatrist held the spider in his hand. He asked my friend to come and touch it. At first she refused, but the doctor insisted. Eventually she touched the spider, just for a second.‎ ‎“Guess what?” my friend said to me one day. “I’ve got a new pet!” “What？”I said. “I’ve got a pet spider!” she told me again. “Well done!” I said. “There’s only one problem,” she said, and as she spoke I noticed that she was shivering all over. Then she screamed and climbed up on the chair. She was pointing to something on the floor. “Over there!” she screamed. “Look! It’s a beetle...!!”‎ ‎【解析】‎ 本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，文章记叙了我的一位害怕蜘蛛的朋友治疗蜘蛛恐惧的故事。‎ ‎【详解】续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：The next day，she went back with the plastic spider and then she had a shock. . . a big shock. 第二天，她带着塑料蜘蛛回来，然后她受到了刺激…很大的刺激。所以应该写：医生手里拿着蜘蛛。他让我的朋友去摸蜘蛛。起初她拒绝了，但医生坚持要她这么做。最后，她碰了碰那只蜘蛛。‎ ‎ 第二段开头是：“Guess what?”my friend said to me one day. “I’ ve got a new pet!”一天我的朋友对我说。“你猜怎么着? 我有一只新宠物了!”所以应该写：我问朋友是什么宠物，朋友告诉我是一只蜘蛛。我说做的好。可是朋友又遇到了新的问题，一只甲虫让他再次感到害怕。‎ ‎ 要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右，按要求完成写作任务。‎ ‎【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇。如：at first；for a second；point to；climb up等高级词汇。‎