专题16 完形填空——夹叙夹议类-2018年高考英语备考中等生百日捷进提升系列 30页

专题16 完形填空—夹叙夹议类 方法与技巧 （1） 考纲要求 ‎ 夹叙夹议的文章是高考完形填空中最有难度的，也是最热点的一类体裁。所选文章语言地道、寓意深刻、可读性强。文章常常在平淡的叙述中蕴含着深刻的人生哲理。此类选材倾向于注重短文本身的教育意义。作者首先叙述一件事，在叙述过程中或结束后发表自己的看法或由此事引出一个深刻的社会问题。文章的显著特点是首句可能在传达一个事件信息或透视一种社会现象，而后对此进行高层次评价，或由此引发一种深层次思考，具有记叙与议论的双重性，文情并茂，发人深思。解题时，应借助上下文乃至全文的语境揣摩作者的心境，及其对各个角色、各个事件的态度。‎ （2） 命题规律 一、先叙述作者自己的某一个生活经历或见闻，然后针对这一事件发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。‎ 二、作者先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明，有时也可能是用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明。‎ 三、提出一种观点或见解，然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点，最后再进一步地总结和升华。‎ 夹叙夹议型完形填空的备考策略：‎ 夹叙夹议的文章是高考完形填空中最热点的一类体裁。所选文章语言地道、寓意深刻、可读性强。此类完形填空一般有以下三种结构特点：‎ ‎(1)事例——观点。先叙述作者自己亲历或所见所闻的一件事情，然后针对这件事情发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理；‎ ‎(2)观点——事例。先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来说明，一般是一个事例，有时也会用几个事例从不同的侧面加以说明；‎ ‎(3)观点——事例——观点。提出一种观点或看法，然后用事例说明，最后再进一步阐述或总结自己的观点。‎ 解题时，要做到：‎ ‎(1)读好短文首句，琢磨文章内容。完形填空的首句一般不设空，是完整的一句话，信息就从这里开始，他暗示或告诉读者下文将会说什么。正确的利用首句信息对于把握文章的大意是极其重要和有效的；‎ ‎(2)感受文体风格，领会作者意图。文章的写作风格往往能表现出作者的思想倾向和情感态度，因此分析作者是否一直用某种态度叙述某件事情，就能正确地把握反映作者思想情感的关键词。‎ 解题建议：‎ 一、抓住作者在第一句话中交代的人物的姓名、身份、业绩或事件发生的时间、地点、事件的发生、发展以及最后得出的结果。‎ 二、不仅要理解文章的字面意思，更重要的是挖掘文章的内涵，尤其要体味议论部分，因为该部分往往是文章的升华。‎ 三、要跟着作者的思路读全文，思维要有灵活性，要随着记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式。‎ 体验高考 ‎１. [2016·全国卷Ⅱ] ‎ Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(装置) on your desk. And they've never actually __21__ you. Everything they know about you __22__ through this device, sometimes from hundreds of miles away. __23__ they feel they can know you __24__ from the sound of your voice. That's how powerful the __25__ is.‎ Powerful, yes, but not always __26__. For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone. Rani, my faceless agent whom I'd never met __27__， got me rockbottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really __28__ me. I sometimes wished to __29__ another agent. ‎ One morning, I had to __30__ an immediate flight home for a family emergency. I ran into Rani's office __31__. The woman sitting at the desk, __32__ my madness, sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a __33__ smile, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the __34__ immediately. “What a wonderful lady！” I thought. ‎ Rushing out __35__ I called out over my shoulder, “By the way, what's your name？” “I'm Rani，” she said. I turned around and saw a __36__ woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. I was __37__！ Why had I thought she was cold? Rani was, well, so __38__. ‎ Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out. Rani's __39__ —her warm smile, her nods, her “I'm here for you” __40__ —were all silent signals that didn't travel through wires. ‎ ‎21. A. accepted B. noticed C. heard D. met ‎22. A. came B. moved C. ran D. developed ‎23. A. Thus B. Yet C. Then D. Indeed ‎24. A. rather B. also C. just D. already ‎25. A．telephone B. voice C. connection D. impression ‎26. A. direct B. useful C. easy D. accurate ‎27. A. in person B. by myself C. in public D. on purpose ‎28. A. annoyed B. interested C. discouraged D. confused ‎29. A. promote B. train C. find D. know ‎30. A. arrange B. postpone C. confirm D. book ‎31. A. for the first time B. at any time C. from time to time D. in good time ‎32. A. expecting B. seeing C. testing D. avoiding ‎33. A. shy B. comforting C. familiar D. forced ‎34. A. bill B. form C. ticket D. list ‎35. A. hopefully B. disappointedly C. gratefully D. regretfully ‎36. A. careful B. serious C. nervous D. pleasant ‎37. A. amused B. worried C. helpless D. speechless ‎38. A. calm B. nice C. proud D. clever ‎39. A. forgiveness B. eagerness C. friendliness D. skilfulness ‎40. A. explanation B. attitude C. concept D．behaviour ‎21．D　根据空格前面的“…formed impressions of you through that little device(装置) on your desk.”和后面的“Everything they know about you…”可知，他们了解你是通过你桌子上的电话，而不是通过和你见面而留下印象。accept接受； notice注意到； hear听见；meet见面。‎ ‎22．A　根据空格前面的“Everything they know about you…”和后面的through this device可知，他们对你的了解来自这个装置。‎ ‎23．B　根据上下文的意思“虽然你们之间的距离很远，但是他们只要通过你的声音，就可以了解你”可知，这里是转折的关系，因此答案为B。‎ ‎24．C　别人只要通过声音就可以了解你。此处使用just表示强调。rather相当地；also也；just只是；already已经。‎ ‎25．A　根据下文的only by phone以及第一段中的信息可知，此处指电话。‎ ‎26．D　结合文章倒数第二段的“Why had I thought she was cold？”可知，作者通过讲述这个故事，说明了有的时候电话联系不太准确。direct直接的；useful有用的；easy容易的；accurate正确无误的。‎ ‎27．A　in person亲自；by myself靠自己；in public当众； on purpose故意地。A项与空前的faceless形成呼应，Rani是代理人，但是“我”从来没有与Rani碰过面。‎ ‎28．A　结合前面的her cold voice“她冰冷的声音”可知Rani的声音让作者感到恼怒，甚至想过要换一个代理人，这说明“我”对她的声音很反感。‎ ‎29．C　与前面的annoyed呼应，由于这个代理人的声音让作者感到恼怒，所以作者想换一个代理人。因此与find 的意义一致。‎ ‎30．D　结合空格后面的“…an immediate flight home for a family emergency.”可知，因为家庭中的紧急情况，所以作者需要预订一个航班。‎ ‎31．A　因为情况紧急，所以作者第一次来到了Rani的办公室。‎ ‎32．B　结合空格前面的“The woman sitting at the desk…”和后面的“…my madness, sympathetically jumped up.”可知，坐在桌子旁边的那位女士，看见“我”的慌张，立即站了起来。‎ ‎33．B　结合后面的“…nodded while listening patiently…”可知这位女士对待作者的态度非常友好，因此B项符合语境。shy害羞的；comforting安慰的；familiar熟悉的；forced被迫的。‎ ‎34．C　根据上文的an immediate flight home和下文的“Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport.”可知，这位女士马上给作者打印了机票。‎ ‎35．C　根据上文的“‘What a wonderful lady！’ I thought.”可知，作者认为这位女士帮了自己大忙，因此作者非常感激这位女士。hopefully充满希望地；disappointedly感到失望地；gratefully感激地；regretfully遗憾地。‎ ‎37．D　现实生活中的她是如此体贴大方，而“我”之前却认为她很冷漠，甚至有了要另找代理人的想法，“我”真是无话可说。这说明在电话中得到的印象有时很不准确。‎ ‎38．B　凭借在电话里的印象“我”认为Rani很冷漠，却没有想到实际生活中的Rani是如此善良。‎ ‎39．C　结合后文中的her warm smile, her nods, her “I'm here for you”可知，Rani对“我”非常友好，并没有电话中的那种冷漠的感觉。forgiveness谅解；eagerness渴望； skilfulness熟练。‎ ‎40．B　Rani友好的态度并没有从电话线中传递过去。B项指Rani接待“我”的友好的态度。故B项正确。explanation解释；attitude态度；concept概念；behaviour行为。‎ ‎2. [2016·全国卷Ⅲ] ‎ 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant __21__ Miller King, who was the best __22__ at our school. ‎ Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my football everywhere for __23__. ‎ Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from __24__. He looked very __25__， but he didn't cry. ‎ That season, I __26__ all of Miller's records while he __27__ the home games from the bench. We went 101 and I was named most valuable player, __28__ I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller's __29__. ‎ One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller __30__ going over a fence—which wasn't __31__ to climb if you had both arms. I'm sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept __32__ from. But even that challenge he accepted. I __33__ him move slowly over the fence. When we were finally __34__ on the other side, he said to me, “You know, I didn't tell you this during the season, but you did __35__. Thank you for filling in for __36__．” ‎ His words freed me from my bad __37__. I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was __38__ ahead of me. I was right to have __39__ him. From that day on，I grew __40__ and a little more real.‎ ‎21. A. cheering for B. beating out C. relying on D. staying with ‎22. A. coach B. student C. teacher D. player ‎23. A. practice B. show C. comfort D. pleasure ‎24. A. school B. vacation C. hospital D. training ‎25. A. pale B. calm C. relaxed D. ashamed ‎26. A. held B. broke C. set D. tried ‎27. A. reported B. judged C. organized D. watched ‎28. A. and B. then C. but D. thus ‎29. A. decision B. mistake C. accident D. sacrifice ‎30. A. stuck B. hurt C. tired D. lost ‎31. A. steady B. hard C. fun D. fit ‎32. A. praise B. advice C. assistance D. apology ‎33. A. let B. helped C. had D. noticed ‎34. A. dropped B. ready C. trapped D. safe ‎35. A. fine B. wrong C. quickly D. normally ‎36. A. us B. yourself C. me D. them ‎37. A. memories B. ideas C. attitudes D. dreams ‎38. A. still B. also C. yet D. just ‎39. A. challenged B. cured C. invited D. admired ‎40. A. healthier B. bigger C. cleverer D. cooler ‎22. D　由后文内容可知Miller King是学校足球队最棒的队员。“我”要想成为学校足球队的明星，就必须要战胜学校里最优秀的足球队员。‎ ‎23. A　由上文“…all summer long I worked out.”可知为了实现梦想，“我”随身带着足球随时 “练习”， 故选practice。‎ ‎24. C　由上文可知，就在九月份比赛开始之前，Miller被车撞了，失去了右臂，因此“我”是在Miller从医院(hospital)回来之后去看望他的。‎ ‎25. A　 病人刚出院时面色是苍白的(pale)。‎ ‎26. B　“我”打破了Miller所保持的全部纪录。break a record意为“打破纪录”。‎ ‎27. D　由语境可知此时Miller是坐在凳子上看“我”比赛。故选watch。‎ ‎28. C　“我”虽然被命名为最有价值的队员，可是“我”常常做噩梦。由句子间的逻辑关系可知，此处是转折关系。‎ ‎29. C　梦中“我”常常因Miller的事故受到责备。此处表明“我”虽然成为校足球队的明星，可是“我”心里并不好过。如果不是Miller因意外车祸丧失了右臂，也许“我”不会有今天的成功。‎ ‎30. A　一天下午“我”在经过运动场回家时，看到Miller在翻越栅栏时被困住了。由下文“如果你有两只手臂翻越栅栏不会有困难”可知，只有一只手臂的Miller此时遇到了困难。stick意为“卡住；困住；动不了”，符合语境。故选A项。‎ ‎31. B　如果用两只手臂翻越一个栅栏是不困难的。故选hard。‎ ‎32. C　句意：“我”相信“我”是这个世界上他最不想要接受帮助的人。assistance意为“帮助”。‎ ‎33. B　由“But even that challenge he accepted.”可知，“我”帮助他慢慢翻过栅栏。‎ ‎34. D　由“…move slowly over the fence(慢慢翻过栅栏)…”可知，“我们”最终安全地到了栅栏的另一边。‎ ‎35. A　由“…I was named most valuable player…”可知，Miller夸“我”这个赛季表现得好。do fine意为“做得不错”。‎ ‎36. C　 Miller本来就是学校足球队的最优秀选手，只是因为车祸而与足球失之交臂，他感谢“我”为他完成了他没有完成的心愿。这里是直接引语，故用me。‎ ‎3.[2016·四川卷] ‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Lainey finished third grade. She had good grades and could read __41__ grade level, but she did not like to read. On a family car trip, her Aunt Dede pulled out a copy of Harry Potter, as a surprise for her __42__. But Lainey took one look at it, __43__ her eyes, and said, “Borrrring！”‎ Aunt Dede, a teacher, had read the book to her students, and they loved it. __44__ the youngest children in the class were __45__ by the story. They __46__ with great interest, and then __47__ joined in grand conversations about Harry's adventures.‎ ‎“How can you say it's __48__？Have you read it？” asked Aunt Dede.‎ ‎“No, it's too long and it doesn't have any __49__，” complained Lainey.‎ ‎“Oh, that's where you are __50__； there are lots of pictures. Every page is full of pictures; you just have to read the words to __51__ them. It's like magic.”‎ ‎“Nice try, Aunt Dede，” Lainey replied __52__ from the back seat.‎ Another __53__ was in order. “Well, if you don't want to read it, give it __54__. Maybe your mum would __55__ hearing the story.” The book sailed through the air to Aunt Dede and she began to read it aloud. By the end of the first chapter，__56__ were coming from the back seat:‎ ‎ “Please read a little __57__．”‎ Lainey is an example of an __58__ reader. As shown here, Lainey can become __59__ about reading when __60__ with literature on topics that interest her, and when the people around her model involvement in the reading process.‎ ‎41．A.within B．on C．to D. above ‎42．A.daughter B．niece C. student D．friend ‎43．A.opened B．dried C．rolled D．shaded ‎44．A.Even B．Still C. Just D．Yet ‎45．A.surprised B．annoyed C. puzzled D．attracted ‎46．A.read B．told C．listened D．wrote ‎47．A.suspectedly B．anxiously C．calmly D．enthusiastically ‎48．A.amazing B．boring C．ridiculous D．humorous ‎49．A.pictures B．stories C. adventures D．conversations ‎50．A.crazy B．foolish C. wrong D．different ‎51．A.see B. match C．show D．recognize ‎52．A.sourly B．patiently C. eagerly D．shyly ‎53．A.idea B．try C．belief D．behaviour ‎54．A.away B．out C．in D．back ‎55．A.enjoy B．admit C. mind D．finish ‎56．A.decisions B. requests C．comments D．promises ‎57．A.more clearly B．longer C. louder D．more carefully ‎58．A.unpleasant B．innocent C．unwilling D．independent ‎ ‎59．A.astonished B．worried C. confused D．excited ‎60．A.presented B. concerned C．disturbed D．replaced ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。本文通过Aunt Dede成功引导其侄女Lainey读书的事例向读者阐明了兴趣和榜样的力量会成功引导孩子进行阅读。‎ ‎43. C　根据后面Lainey所说的boring一词可以判断此处为短语roll one's eyes“翻白眼”，表示“不屑一顾，不感兴趣”。‎ ‎44. A　作为老师的Dede阿姨曾向她的学生读过这本书，学生很喜欢。甚至连班上最小的孩子也被其故事所吸引。even即便，甚至。‎ ‎45. D　由下一句中with great interest可知孩子们被这个故事所吸引。 attract吸引；surprise感到惊奇；annoy使烦恼，恼怒；puzzle感到疑惑不解。 ‎ ‎46. C　他们很感兴趣地听故事。Dede为孩子们读书，孩子们听。‎ ‎47. D　听了之后，他们热情地加入到对哈利的冒险的激烈讨论中。enthusiastically热情洋溢地，起劲地；suspectedly怀疑地， 猜疑地；anxiously急切地；calmly平静地。 ‎ ‎48. B　“你怎么能说它很无趣呢？你读过吗？”此处boring为前文复现。‎ ‎49. A　“没读过，它太长了而且没有图片。”根据下文“…there are lots of pictures.”可知。‎ ‎50. C　由下文中“…‘there are lots of pictures. Every page is full of pictures’…”可知此处表示“那就是你错误的地方”。crazy疯狂的；foolish愚蠢的；wrong错误的；different不同的。 ‎ ‎51. A　每一页都充满了图片；你只是需要读这些文字才能看见它们而已。see看到；match比得上， 配得上；show给某人看， 展示；recognize认出。 ‎ ‎52. A　根据后文可知，Lainey还是不愿意读这本书。因此Lainey没好气地在后座上回答。sourly酸酸地，没好气地，不高兴地；patiently耐心地； eagerly 急切地；shyly害羞地。‎ ‎53. B　接着(Dede阿姨)又尝试了一番。此处表示一个方法不奏效，于是尝试另一种方法。‎ ‎54. D　“如果你不想读，那把它还给我吧。”根据后文的叙述，书被交还给Dede。‎ ‎55. A　“也许你的妈妈会喜欢听这个故事的。”根据后面的叙述，Dede开始读书。enjoy喜欢；admit承认；mind介意；finish完成。‎ ‎56. B　在第一章结束之时，后座上传来了要求：“请读稍微大声一点。”此处表达Lainey要求阿姨读大声一点。decision决定； request要求； comment评价；promise发誓，誓言。‎ ‎57. C　Lainey对此感兴趣了， 因此要求阿姨声音再大一点儿。‎ ‎58. C　Lainey是一个不愿意读书的人。unwilling不愿意的，不乐意的；unpleasant让人不愉快的；innocent天真的；independent独立自主的。‎ ‎4. [2016·浙江卷] ‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—40各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。‎ During the war，my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.I went to live there in order to be __21__ him. I hated the place.I had never __22__ been so unhappy. My husband was ordered out on a longterm duty，and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone. The heat was __23__—almost 125 even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌). __24__ a soul to talk to. The wind blew nonstop, and all the food I ate，and the very air I breathed，were __25__ with sand, sand, sand!‎ ‎ I was so sorry for myself that I wrote to my parents. I told them I was __26__ and coming back home.I said I couldn't stand it one minute longer. I __27__ be in prison! My father answered my __28__ with just two lines—two lines that will always sing in my __29__—two lines that completely changed my life：‎ ‎ Two men looked out from prison bars, ‎ ‎ One saw the mud, the other saw the stars. ‎ ‎ I read those two lines __30__. I was ashamed of myself. I made up my mind I would find out what was good in my present __31__： I would look for the stars. ‎ ‎ I made friends with the natives, and their __32__ amazed me. They gave me presents of their favourite artworks which they had __33__ to sell to tourists. I studied the delightful forms of the cactus.I watched for the desert sunsets，and __34__ for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago when the sands of the desert had been an ocean __35__. ‎ ‎ What brought about this __36__ change in me? The desert hadn't changed, __37__ I had.I had changed my __38__. And by doing so，I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing __39__ of my life. I was excited by this new world that I had discovered. I had looked out of my selfcreated prison and __40__ the stars. ‎ ‎21．A. off B. behind C. near D. beyond ‎22．A. before B. already C. then D. still ‎23．A. inflexible B. incomprehensible C. uncontrollable D．unbearable ‎24．A. Only B. Not C. Many D．Such ‎25．A. covered B. filled C. buried D. charged ‎26．A. catching up B. keeping up C. giving up D．getting up ‎ ‎27．A. ought to B. might well C. would rather D．had better ‎28．A.request B. call C. question D．letter ‎29．A. comparison B. imagination C. consideration D. memory ‎30．A. over and over B. by and by C. up and down D．now and then ‎31．A. company B. occupation C. situation D．relationship ‎32．A. movement B. reaction C. guidance D．purpose ‎33．A. refused B. failed C. managed D．happened ‎34．A. asked B. hunted C. waited D．headed ‎35．A. floor B. surface C. rock D．level ‎36．A. shocking B. challenging C. puzzling D．astonishing ‎37．A. as B. but C. for D．or ‎ ‎38．A. attitude B. principle C. identity D．standard ‎39．A. vacation B. operation C. affair D. adventure ‎40．A. sought B. counted C. found D．reached ‎21. C　从上文提到的“I went to live there…”以及下文的“I hated the place.”可知，作者随丈夫搬去了加利福尼亚。near him表示“靠近他”。‎ ‎22. A　从上下文可知，作者非常讨厌且憎恨这个鬼地方，所以这里表示她以前从来没有这么不开心过。before意为“以前”。‎ ‎23. D　从语境和下文的almost 125等可知，这里的天气实在是太热了，以至于作者难以忍受，故用unbearable，意为“难以忍受的”。inflexible僵硬的，不可弯曲的；incomprehensible不可思议的，难以理解的；uncontrollable难以控制的。‎ ‎24. B　句意表示“甚至没有一个可以说话的人”，故用not。‎ ‎25. B　从上文提到的“风不停地刮、吃的食物和呼吸的空气中到处都是沙子”可知，此处应用“be filled with”结构，表示“充满……”。‎ ‎26. C　根据上下文可知，作者感到很难过，所以写信告诉父母，她要放弃这里，准备回家了。give up放弃；catch up赶上；keep up保持；get up起床。‎ ‎27. C　根据上下文可知，作者觉得与其生活在这里，还不如坐牢。此处would rather是固定词组，表示“宁愿”。 ought to应该；might well可能；had better最好。‎ ‎30. A　从全文可知，作者对父亲回信中的这两行字一再地读。所以根据句意可知，选over and over，表示“一再，多次”，来突出作者对它的印象深刻。‎ ‎31. C　结合上下文可知，此时作者觉得要找出当前状况中的“优点”所在——就像父亲信中所说的“星星”。所以用situation表示“现在的处境”。company陪伴，公司；occupation占据，职位；relationship关系。‎ ‎32. B　从上文可知，作者学会了与当地人交朋友，而他们的“反应”也令她很吃惊，故用reaction，表示“反应，回应”。movement活动；guidance指导；purpose目的。‎ ‎33. A　根据语境可知，当地人把一些他们拒绝出售给游客的艺术品都当作礼物送给了作者，所以选refuse。fail失败；manage掌控；happen发生。‎ ‎34. B　此处hunt for是固定词组，表示“寻找，追寻”。‎ ‎35. A　结合上一空可知，百万年前的沙漠还是海床，故选floor。‎ ‎36. D　是什么让作者产生了令人吃惊的变化呢？此处astonishing表示“令人吃惊的”。shocking令人震惊的；challenging富有挑战性的；puzzling令人困惑的。‎ ‎37. B　根据句意可知，沙漠没有改变，但作者变了，所以根据语意选but表示转折。‎ ‎38. A　从前文可知，变的不是周边的环境，而是作者的人生态度，故选attitude。principle原则；identity身份；standard标准。‎ ‎39. D　根据语意可知，作者把这次不愉快的经历变成了其人生中令人吃惊的冒险历程，所以选adventure。‎ ‎40. C　根据全文可知，最终作者从自我的牢笼里挣脱了出来，发现了那些美丽的“星星”。‎ 模拟新题精选 ‎1. 【湖北八校2018届高三上学期第一次联考】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ When I first came to Rochester from Austin, Texas — a place where fall is practically non-existent — I was excited for a real northern fall. But, I wasn’t ___21___ it to feel like Christmas in October.‎ Regardless of this ___22___, and the adjustment period that I’m not entirely sure I’m ___23___, I am thankful to be somewhere that has a ___24___ fall. By “real” I ___25___ a distinctive season, a(n) ___26___ in the weather and a visual changing of the world around me. The leaves ___27___ colors, it rains more often, the air is almost always ___28___ and dry, and a light breeze ___29___ me to walk a bit faster to get inside. Yes, it is more difficult to be ___30___ outside in a Rochester fall — where it isn’t just “less hot” but ___31___, fairly cold. But, I would argue that time spent outside in this season could be more ___32___ than in the summer.‎ Everyone ___33___ that fall is about change — I won’t argue against that. Things do ___34___ in the fall — the weather is ___35___ becoming worse and worse, the dying leaves become warmly colored, and ___36___ you know it, we’ll be back to having only eight hours of sunlight a day.‎ This oncoming change is why I think it is so important to ___37___ fall. Fall is not just about the ___38___ of change, but also appreciating what will soon be ___39___. Go ___40___ this fall. Enjoy the leaves not because they are turning beautiful deep shades of orange and red, but because there will soon be no leaves in those branches at all.‎ ‎21. A. interested in B. exposed to C. ashamed of D. prepared for ‎22. A. accident B. possibility C. shock D. motivation ‎23. A. beyond B. against C. for D. after ‎24. A. rare B. real C. hard D. strange ‎25. A. take in B. pick up C. call back D. refer to ‎26. A. shift B. conclusion C. improvement D. experience ‎27. A. spoil B. keep C. turn D. avoid ‎28. A. cold B. warm C. hot D. cozy ‎29. A. prevents B. expects C. urges D. suspects ‎30. A. grateful B. creative C. considerate D. comfortable ‎31. A. luckily B. actually C. helpfully D. instantly ‎32. A. terrible B. casual C. unpleasant D. valuable ‎33. A. questions B. emphasizes C. recalls D. analyzes ‎34. A. relax B. change C. harvest D. rest ‎35. A. steadily B. hardly C. helpfully D. narrowly ‎36. A. if B. since C. as D. before ‎37. A. control B. describe C. appreciate D. hide ‎38. A. process B. disadvantages C. fear D. result ‎39. A. disappointing B. puzzling C. gone D. broken ‎40. A. inside B. forward C. backward D. outside ‎【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. D ‎21. D ‎　考查动词短语辨析。. interested in对…感兴趣； exposed to暴露于…；ashamed of以…为耻；prepared forc对…作好准备。作者从没有秋天的奥斯丁来到了罗契斯特市。她为能经历真正的北方秋天而兴奋不已。但是，这里的十月却如十二月份的圣诞节那样寒冷，她猝不及防，没有准备好，故选D。‎ ‎22. C ‎　考查名词辨析。 accident事故；possibility可能性； shock震惊；motivation动机。分析句意可知，尽管有着这种震惊（shock），我还是感谢这儿的。故选C。‎ ‎23. A ‎　考查介词辨析。分析句意，作者本人不能完全确信自己能跨越这个调整期。beyond 超过，跨越。故选A。‎ ‎24. B ‎　考查形容词。rare罕见的； real真的； hard艰难的； Strange奇怪反。根据下文对应的By “real…”可知，作者为此处有真正（real）的秋天而心存感激。故选B ‎25. D 考查动词短语辨析。take in吸收，被欺骗； pick up捡起，学会； call back，回电话，记起； refer ‎ to查阅，有关，指的是。分析句意可知，通过说“真正的”，我指的是一个差别性明显的季节。故选D ‎26. A 考查名词辨析。shift移动，变迁，变化；conclusion 结论； improvement 改善，提高；experience经历，经验。根据句意可知，气候的转变和周围世界色彩的改变（shift）。故选A。‎ ‎27. Ｃ 考查动词辨析。spoil损坏；keep保持，维持； turn使变换，使变为； avoid避免。分析Turn,作为系动词，后跟表示颜色的词。句意可知，树叶改变了颜色。故选C。‎ ‎28. A 考查形容词作表语。cold 冷的； warm 暖和的； hot 热的； cozy舒适的，安逸的。分析句意可知，空气冷而干燥。故选A。‎ ‎29. C 考查动词辨析。prevents 阻止； expects希望，期望；urges 敦促，催促；suspects怀疑。分析句意可知，刮来的阵阵微风催促我快点进入室内。因此C符合题意。‎ ‎30. D ‎31. B ‎　考查副词辨析。 luckily幸运地；actually事实上，实际上； helpfully有益地；instantly马上， 即刻地。分析句意可知，;这里不是“不炎热”，而实际上是相当的冷。因此选B ‎32. D 考查形容词辨析。terrible可怕的，糟糕的； casual临时的，随便的 ；unpleasant使人不愉快的，不合意的 ；valuable宝贵的，有价值的。分析句意可知，即便如此，我还是要证明在这个季节去户外度过的时光要比夏季宝贵。因此选D。‎ ‎33. B 考查动词辨析。questions质问， emphasizes强调，着重；recalls回忆；analyze分析。根据句意可知，人人都看重秋季是关于变化的。因此选B。‎ ‎34. B 考查动词辨析。 relax放松；change变化，harvest 收获；rest休息。分析句意可知，指的是“在秋天万物的确在变化。”因此B符合题。‎ ‎35. A 考查副词辨析。steadily稳定地； hardly 几乎不；helpfully有益地，有用地；narrowly勉强地，严密地。分析句意可知，天气持续变得越来越冷。因此选A。‎ ‎36. D ‎　考查连词辨析。before. 表示 “不知不觉就…..； 还没弄清就……” 句意：不知不觉中（我还没弄清就），一天就只有8个小时的日照了。故选D (before)‎ ‎2. 【河北省保定市2018届高三上学期期末调研考试】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Four years ago in church, I saw a child of my age. His ___21___ was pinned on the bulletin board, his dirty clothes barely covering his small,___22___ body. He should not have had a ___23___ on his face but there he had, showing off his white teeth. I walked past his picture every day ___24___ him less and less. His pictures are also sent to us not to show what the child looks like but to ___25___ us that we are sponsoring him. We need to reflect because we are so ___26___ in our own misfortunes that we ___27___ that there are people worse off than us. Our desires are insatiable (无法满足的) and we take for granted every ___28___ that we are blessed with.‎ I looked at the child’s picture today for the first time in a ___29___ time His letter came every few months and I ___30___ them over never taking the time to ___31___ back. I was just too busy spending money going to movies with my friends. We can’t just help others ___32___ and they need our time and hands to help create a better world for everyone.‎ We are presented with ___33___ opportunities such as work and education. What we don’t realize is that the people without these ___34___ would pay every last cent to get the opportunities that ___35___ themselves to us every day. When they are ___36___ to us, we shouldn’t push them aside.‎ I honestly ___37___ if everyone had a chance to experience these, this world would open up a little more and provide more ___38___ and assistance to those who ___39___ it most. Anything can help those homeless in our own city but ___40___ with me.‎ ‎21. A. prize B. picture C. name D. letter ‎22. A. black B. lovely C. main D. weak ‎23. A. change B. pain C. smile D. sign ‎24. A. noticing B. greeting C. seeing D. touching ‎25. A. inform B. remind C. teach D. warn ‎26. A. absorbed B. interested C. expert D. lost ‎27. A. believe B. fear C. forget D. doubt ‎28. A. opportunity B. possibility C. relation D. person ‎29. A. short B. long C. limited D. hard ‎30. A. glanced B. thought C. turned D. looked ‎31. A. go B. call C. write D. pay ‎32. A. physically B. financially C. mentally D. casually ‎33. A. real B. special C. rare D. many ‎34. A. ways B. plans C. choices D. experiences ‎35. A. present B. describe C. introduce D. prove ‎36. A. close B. similar C. available D. hopeful ‎37. A. hope B. believe C. doubt D. say ‎38. A. attention B. freedom C. energy D. power ‎39. A. care B. enjoy C. dislike D. need ‎40. A. agrees B. starts C. fights D. talks ‎【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. B ‎22. D 考查形容词。black黑色的；lovely可爱的； main 主要的； weak弱小的。句意：他的脏衣服几乎不能盖住他那弱小的（weak）身体。根据句意可知孩子的身体是弱小的。故选D项。‎ ‎23. C 考查名词辨析。change变化； pain痛苦；smile微笑； sign迹象。根据下句“but there he had, showing off his white teeth”可知，只有微笑（smile）才有可能露出牙齿。句意：他脸上露出了本不该有的笑容，但他却露出了洁白的牙齿。故选C项。‎ ‎24. A 考查动词辨析。notice注意，关注； greet打招呼； seei看见，看到；touch触摸。句意：我每天从他的照片旁走过，越来越很少地注意他。根据常识可知，人对所熟悉的东西会不太注意的。故选 A。‎ ‎25. B 考查动词辨析。inform通知；remind 提醒； teach教导，训练；warn警告。下文的“We need to reflect”是提示。句意：给我们看他的照片，不是为了展示孩子的长相，而是提醒（remind）我们要赞助他。因此选B项。‎ ‎26. D 考查动词短语辨析。be absorbed in…专心致力于,全神贯注于；be interested in… 对…感兴趣，be expert in…精通…，是…某方面的专家；be lost in…迷失在…，沉浸在…。根据上文“We need to reflect”可知，因为我们迷失自己，所以要反思。句意：我们需要反思，因为我们沉浸在（lost）自己的不幸中，以至于忘记了有些人比我们更糟糕。be lost in…，为固定搭配，“沉浸在……”因此D符合题意。‎ ‎27. C 考查动词辨析。believe相信； fear 害怕，恐惧；forget忘记； doubt怀疑。句意：因为我们沉浸在自己的不幸中，以至于忘记（forget）了有些人比我们更糟糕.根据句意可知，我们只溶洞在自己的不幸中，才会忘记（forget）别人。因此选C项。‎ ‎28. A ‎29. B 考查形容词辨析。short 短的； long长的； limited 有限的； hard艰难的，困难的，硬的。句意：我今天第一次长时间看了孩子的照片。根据上文“I walked past his picture every day noticing him less and less”我几乎不去关注那个孩子，由句意推测出我是第一次长时间（long）看。故选B项。‎ ‎30. A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他的信每隔几个月就来一次，我匆匆看一下（glanced over），从不回信。根据上文“His letter came every few months ”，根据常识可知，来信了就要看信。因此thought over…匆匆看一下…符合题意，而其余三个选项：仔细考虑；turned over…，移交，翻过来；looked over察看，仔细检查，这三个选项与看信无关，故选A。‎ ‎31. C 考查动词辨析。根据上文的来信，看信，以及后面的“I was just too busy spending money going to movies with my friend”我忙于花时间与朋友看电影，可知从没有花时间写（write）回信。故选C项。‎ ‎32. B 考查副词辨析。physically身体上，理上；. financially财政上，经济上；mentally心理上，精神上；casually偶然地，无意地。句意：我们不能只在经济上（financially）帮助别人，他们需要我们的时间和双手来帮助每个人创造一个更美好的世界。分析句子可知不仅只是经济上帮助而且还要用时间和双手来帮助。故选B项。‎ ‎33. D 考查形容词辨析。根据后面的“such as work and education”。可知机会有很多，用“many”。句意：我们有许多机会，如工作和教育。因此选D ‎34. C ‎35. A 考查动词辨析。present sb with sth，为固定搭配，“提供某人某物” 。根据本段的第一句提示，以及第14题的句意，可知A项符合题意。‎ ‎36. C 考查形容词辨析。sth be available to sb，为固定搭配，为“某人获得某物，某物对某人来说是可获得的/可利用的”。而be similar to 为“与…相似”；be close to…靠近…..；be hopeful…，对…有希望的。句意：当他们对我们来说可获得（available）”时，我们不应该把他们推到一边。分析选项可知，C项符合题意，故选C项。‎ ‎37. B 考查动词辨析。句意：我真诚地相信，如果每个人都有机会体验到这些，这个世界将会更开放，并给予那些最需要的人提供更多的关怀和帮助。分析句意可知是相信（believe），故选B项。‎ ‎38. A ‎39. D 考查动词辨析。care 关心，担心，喜欢；enjoy享受，喜欢； dislike不喜欢； need需要。句意：为那些最需要它的人提供更多的关怀和帮助。根据常识可知是帮助最需要（need）帮助的人。分析选项可知， D项符合题意。‎ ‎40. B 考查动词辨析。agree with和…意见一致；start with从….开始； fight with与…打架/斗争；talk with ，与…交谈。句意：任何东西都可以帮助我们城市的无家可归者，但从我做起。分析句子可知，帮助别人要从我开始（start），即从我做起。分析选项B项符合题意，故选B项。‎ ‎ 3. 【四川省内江市2018届高三第一次模拟】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Though my grandfather, whom I called Papaw, was a farmer, my Mamaw would iron his work clothes happily every day. As the years passed, I began to question this ___21___. Why in the world did Papaw need his work clothes ___22___? Most days, he never saw anyone but me and maybe a few other ___23___ living around.‎ One day when I was about 13, I ___24___ Mamaw about it. I wanted to know why she thought it ___25___ to spend time pressing clothes that were rarely ___26___. She told me that Papaw was the most ___27___ man in the world and the ___28___ of her life. She loved every ___29___ she got to show him off and make the rest of the world ___30___ her good luck.‎ Later that day, I looked ___31___ at Papaw. He sure didn’t look all that handsome to me. For example, his hair was ___32___ on top, so that he was almost bald (秃顶). So I asked Mamaw about it again. She gave me a girlish smile, the ___33___ you don’t expect grandmothers to be able to ___34___ at their age.‎ ‎“You just aren’t looking in the ___35___ light. He has the most beautiful blue eyes I have ever seen. His ___36___ is so calming that everyone wants to hear him talk.”‎ She ___37___, “I want him to feel beautiful. I ironed his clothes every day.___38___ for all these years, he has made me feel beautiful. I want him to look the part every day.”‎ The years went on. I ___39___ to realize, when I was probably 30, what ___40___ really was—it was Mamaw ironing Papaw’s clothes.‎ ‎21. A. practice B. phenomenon C. policy D. attitude ‎22. A. washed B. changed C. ironed D. sewed ‎23. A. tourists B. farmers C. firemen D. volunteers ‎24. A. asked B. informed C. warned D. reminded ‎25. A. lucky B. easy C. necessary D. popular ‎26. A. designed B. repaired C. seen D. sold ‎27. A. honest B. handsome C. inspiring D. intelligent ‎28. A. rule B. mirror C. love D. example ‎29. A. idea B. effort C. benefit D. chance ‎30. A. accept B. envy C. find D. have ‎31. A. closely B. secretly C. patiently D. regularly ‎32. A. curly B. white C. thin D. long ‎33. A. impression B. interest C. intention D. kind ‎34. A. earn B. observe C. express D. explain ‎35. A. same B. right C. real D. new ‎36. A. world B. voice C. reaction D. speech ‎37. A. regretted B. repeated C. continued D. waited ‎38. A. so B. until C. but D. because ‎39. A. happened B. longed C. came D. afforded ‎40. A. beauty B. life C. answer D. belief ‎【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. B 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. C 40. A ‎21. A 考查名词。A. practice做法；B. phenomenon现象；C. policy政策；D. attitude态度。此处指my Mamaw ‎ would iron his work clothes happily every day.这一做法表示疑问，故选A.‎ ‎22. C 考查动词。A. washed洗；B. changed改变；C. ironed熨；D. sewed缝。此处指作者疑问为什么祖父的工作服需要每天熨，与上文iron his work clothes一致，故选C.‎ ‎23. B 考查名词。A. tourists游客；B. farmers农民；C. firemen消防员；D. volunteers志愿者。根据首句my grandfather, whom I called Papaw, was a farmer可知祖父的身份，所以他平时接触的也是农民，根据常识选B.‎ ‎24. A 考查动词。A. asked问；B. informed通知；C. warned警告；D. reminded提醒。根据上文I began to question和Why in the world did Papaw need his work clothes ___2___?可知作者对此一直心存疑问，所以此处是问祖母这件事，故选A.‎ ‎25. C 考查形容词。A. lucky幸运的；B. easy容易的；C. necessary必要的；D. popular流行的。此处指我想知道为什么祖母认为每天花时间给祖父熨工作服是必要的，与上文my Mamaw would iron his work clothes happily every day.呼应，故选C.‎ ‎26. C 考查动词。A. designed设计；B. repaired修理；C. seen看见；D. sold卖。与上文he never saw anyone but me and maybe a few other ___3___ living around.呼应，可知祖父接触的人很少，没有几个人能看到他的工作服。与saw呼应，故选C.‎ ‎27. B ‎28. C 考查名词。A. rule规则；B. mirror镜子；C. love爱；D. example例子。根据下句She loved every___9___ she got to show him off可知祖母对祖父的爱，故选C.‎ ‎29. D 考查名词。A. idea主意；B. effort努力；C. benefit利益；D. chance机会。‎ 此处指祖母抓住每个机会炫耀祖父，让世界上其他人都羡慕她的好运。指抓住机会，故选D.‎ ‎30. B 考查动词。A. accept接受；B. envy羡慕，嫉妒；C. find发现；D. have有。此处指祖母抓住每个机会炫耀祖父，让世界上其他人都羡慕她的好运。根据句意选B.‎ ‎31. A 考查副词。A. closely接近地；B. secretly秘密地；C. patiently耐心地；D. regularly定期地。因为上文祖母说祖父英俊，所以我就接近他仔细看，根据常识故选A.‎ ‎32. C 考查形容词。A. curly卷曲的；B. white白色的；C. thin稀疏的；D. long长的。根据he was almost bald可知祖父头顶上的头发很稀疏，故选C.‎ ‎33. D 考查名词。A. impression印象；B. interest兴趣；C. intention意图；D. kind种类。根据She gave me a girlish smile可知祖母给了我一个少女般的微笑，是那种不会想到的祖母能在她的年龄上表现出来。表示微笑的种类，故选D.‎ ‎34. C ‎35. B 考查形容词。A. same相同的；B. right正确的；C. real真实的；D. new新的。祖母说我没有看到祖父正确的亮点，有最美的蓝色眼睛。故选B.‎ ‎36. B 考查名词。A. world世界；B. voice声音；C. reaction反应；D. speech演讲。根据everyone wants to hear him talk每个人喜欢听他说话可知是说他的声音，故选B.‎ ‎37. C 考查动词。A. regretted遗憾；B. repeated重复；C. continued继续；D. waited等待。上一段是祖母说的话，此处是继续说，根据情境选C.‎ ‎38. D 考查连词。A. so所以；B. until直到；C. but但是；D. because因为。因为祖母想让祖父感觉自己很美，所以每天给他熨衣服。表示原因，故选D.‎ ‎39. C 考查动词。A. happened发生；B. longed渴望；C. came开始；D. afforded提供。come to realize表示开始意识到，下文是意识到的内容，故选C.‎ ‎40. A 考查名词。A. beauty美丽；B. life生活；C. answer回答；D. belief信仰。作者意识到真正的美就是祖母给祖父熨衣服，上文I want him to feel beautiful.和he has made me feel beautiful.也给了提示，故选A.‎ ‎4. 【河南省洛阳市2018届高三12月联考】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ I never expected to go to the University of Michigan. I grew up in a small Midwest town where college wasn’t ___21___ by any means. Many students entered the workplace ___22___ out of high school. For a long time, that’s where I thought I would ___23___.‎ At some point during my senior year, I started ___24___ everywhere, just because I wanted to see ___25___ I would get. I had the required grades and the ACT (American College Testing) ___26___, but I came from a town of nowhere. So you can imagine the ___27___ of emotions I had when I received a big envelope in the mail with the word “___28___” written across the top.‎ Now that the opportunity was open to me, I decided to go. I had received ___29___ aid and scholarships, which I think was a ___30___ factor (因素) in the decision. But my parents didn’t see ___31___ college as an opportunity for me to build on my ___32___. And it seemed that no matter how much work I ___33___, it would just be considered a waste of ___34___. I often felt I was lacking ___35___. I did the application all by myself. After moving to college, I did two jobs and paid for my ___36___ and bills.‎ Looking back on it now, I feel that it wasn’t ___37___ to be self-reliant. But in the long run, I ___38___ the lack of support I had at such a key point in my life which taught me to be ___39___ and responsible in hard times, to go beyond ___40___ and to try things I never thought I would ever be able to try. I believe that’s what college is all about.‎ ‎21. A. expected B. envied C. admired D. afforded ‎22. A. straight B. randomly C. late D. happily ‎23. A. work up B. put up C. end up D. pick up ‎24. A. delivering B. applying C. registering D. competing ‎25. A. when B. whether C. how D. where ‎26. A. qualifications B. diplomas C. scores D. certificates ‎27. A. anxiety B. relief C. calmness D. conflict ‎28. A. Wishes B. Regards C. Cheers D. Congratulations ‎29. A. financial B. spiritual C. academic D. parents ‎30. A. boring B. driving C. discouraging D. promising ‎31. A. adjusting B. attending C. dropping D. managing ‎32. A. moral B. survival C. potential D. confidence ‎33. A. get in B. take in C. put in D. persist in ‎34. A. space B. money C. resource D. time ‎35. A. support B. courage C. motivation D. concern ‎36. A. feasts B. necessities C. seminars D. majors ‎37. A. hard B. right C. easy D. awkward ‎38. A. ignore B. appreciate C. support D. disapprove ‎39. A. independent B. easy-going C. honest D. considerate ‎40. A. recognition B. description C. control D. expectation ‎【答案】21. A 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. D 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D ‎21. A 考查动词。由I never expected to go to the University of Michigan.可知在那里，无论如何都不被期盼上大学。expected 期盼，envied 羡慕，admired 羡慕， afforded提供。‎ ‎22. A考查副词。许多学生读完中学，就直接进入了车间。straight直接地， randomly 随便地，late 晚，happily快乐地。‎ ‎23. C 考查动词短语。由Many students entered the workplace ___2___ out of high school.可知很长一段时间，我以为我也会在那个地方结束。work up 逐步建立， put up 建造， end up 结束， pick up捡起。‎ ‎24. B 考查动词。由just because I wanted to see ___5___ I would get.可知我开始申请读大学。delivering 发表，applying 申请，registering 登记， competing竞赛。‎ ‎25. D考查代词。因为我想看到我可以到哪里。when 当……时候， whether是否， how 如何，where哪里。‎ ‎26. C考查名词。由I had the required grades可知我获得了美国大学测试要求的分数。qualifications 资格证书，diplomas 学位证书， scores 分数，certificates证书。‎ ‎27. D 考查名词。由I had the required grades and the ACT (American College Testing) ___6___, but I came from a town of nowhere.可知你可以想象当我拿到录取通知书时，情感的一种冲突。anxiety焦虑，relief 安慰， calmness 冷静， conflict冲突。‎ ‎28. D考查名词。作者获得了大学录取通知书，这是喜事，上面自然写着“祝贺”。Wishes希望，Regards 问候， Cheers 喝彩， Congratulations祝贺。‎ ‎29. A考查形容词。我获得了财政帮助和奖学金。financial 财政的，spiritual 精神的，academic 学术的，parents父母。‎ ‎30. B 考查形容词。由I had received ___9___ aid and scholarships,可知我获得了财政帮助和奖学金，这是我做出这个决定的推动因素。boring 无聊的， driving 推进的，discouraging 使人沮丧的， promising有希望的。‎ ‎31. B考查动词。但是我的父母看不到，对于我来说，上大学是建立我潜能的一个机会。adjusting 调整， attending上（大学）， dropping 落下，managing管理。‎ ‎32. C考查名词。但是我的父母看不到，对于我来说，上大学是建立我潜能的一个机会。moral 道德的，survival 幸存， potential 潜能， confidence信心。‎ ‎33. C考查动词短语。看起来不管我投入多少努力，都被认为是浪费时间。get in 到达， take in 吸收， put in 投入， persist in坚持。‎ ‎36. B 考查名词。由and bills可知我打两份工，支付我的生活必需品和账单。feasts 宴会，necessities 生活必需品， seminars 研讨会， majors专业。‎ ‎37. C考查形容词。回首往事，我感觉自力更生并不容易。hard 困难的，right正确的，easy 容易的， awkward尴尬的。‎ ‎38. B 考查动词。由which taught me to be ___19___ and responsible in hard ‎ times,可知但是，从长远来看，我感激当时的缺乏支持，在我生命中的一个关键时刻，教会了我在艰难的时候，独立并且有责任感。ignore 忽视， appreciate 感激， support 支持，disapprove不同意。‎ ‎39. A考查形容词。但是，从长远来看，我感激当时的缺乏支持，在我生命中的一个关键时刻，教会了我在艰难的时候，独立并且有责任感。independent 独立的， easy-going 随和的，honest 诚实的， considerate体贴的。‎ ‎40. D 考查名词。由I never expected to go to the University of Michigan.可知我超越预料，并且尝试从来没有想到会尝试的事情。recognition 识别，description 描述，control控制，expectation期待。‎ ‎5. 【安徽省皖西南名校2018年高三阶段性检测联考】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ On June 8th, much of the world observes United Nations World Oceans Day. The idea is to remind people how ___21___ the world's oceans are to all life on Earth, to celebrate their beauty, and to bring attention to the ___22___ human activity has on the oceans. This year, the ___23___ is “Our Oceans, Our Future”, with ___24___ emphasis on finding solutions to plastic pollution, and ___25___ marine (海洋) litter for a healthier ocean and a better future.‎ The world's oceans produce over half of our ___26___ for breath, help regulate our climate, absorb carbon dioxide, and support the greatest ___27___ of life on our planet. Nearly half of all species (物种) on Earth ___28___ on the oceans for survival, and for many of the rest, including for people, the oceans ___29___ the quality of life.‎ The oceans are ___30___ vital to the world’s economy, because they are key to transportation and recreation. And ___31___ over 95 percent of the underwater kingdom remains unexplored, it is nearly a certainty that their ___32___ may hold the cure to many a disease, the resolution to many problems.‎ And yet, as much as 40 per cent of the world’s oceans are heavily ___33___ by human activities that result in pollution, over-fishing, and loss of coastal habitats. Of particular ___34___ is plastic litter. Some of it comes from ___35___ that use our rivers, lakes and seas, and ___36___ makes its way into the ocean. But ___37___ washes off land into the ocean each year.‎ We must remember the health and safety of our oceans is our ___38___ responsibility, one that we cannot afford to ignore. ___39___ through good administration can we safeguard the health of our oceans, and ___40___ that the oceans continue to meet the needs of future generations.‎ ‎21. A. serious B. important C. apparent D. awesome ‎22. A. influence B. result C. affection D. drawback ‎23. A. title B. movement C. campaign D. theme ‎24. A. vital B. possible C. special D. fundamental ‎25. A. reusing B. preventing C. collecting D. gathering ‎26. A. water B. food C. air D. oxygen ‎27. A. abundance B. freedom C. independence D. protection ‎28. A. base B. depend C. live D. attach ‎29. A. increase B. decrease C. improve D. develop ‎30. A. also B. even C. still D. often ‎31. A. when B. while C. since D. although ‎32. A. areas B. widths C. amounts D. depths ‎33. A. destroyed B. exploited C. affected D. explored ‎34. A. activity B. concern C. reason D. cause ‎35. A. ships B. vehicles C. cars D. travelers ‎36. A. naturally B. controversially C. evidently D. eventually ‎37. A. much B. many C. some D. little ‎38. A. individual B. national C. common D. alternative ‎39. A. Then B. And C. So D. Only ‎40. A. promise B. insure C. foresee D. subscribe ‎【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. B ‎22. 考查名词辨析。句意：这个想法是要提醒人们，世界海洋对地球上所有生命的重要性，是为了庆祝它们的美丽，并提请人们注意人类活动对海洋的影响。influence 影响； result结果；affection 喜爱；drawback劣势。根据题意，故选A。‎ ‎23. 考查名词辨析。句意：今年的主题是“我们的海洋，我们的未来”，以寻找解决塑料污染，为了一个健康的海洋和一个更好的未来，阻止海洋垃圾。title 题目； movement ‎ 运动，活动；campaign运动，战役；theme主题。根据“Our Oceans, Our Future”我们的海洋，我们的未来。根据题意，故选D。‎ ‎24. 考查形容词辨析。句意：今年的主题是“我们的海洋，我们的未来”，以寻找解决塑料污染，为了一个健康的海洋和一个更好的未来，阻止海洋垃圾。 vital 至关重要的； possible可能的；special特殊的；fundamental基础的，根本的。“special emphasis”特别强调。根据题意，故选C。‎ ‎25. 考查动词辨析。句意：今年的主题是“我们的海洋，我们的未来”，以寻找解决塑料污染，为了一个健康的海洋和一个更好的未来，阻止海洋垃圾。 reusing再用，重新使用； preventing阻止；collecting 收集； gathering收集，采集。根据“for a healthier ocean”一个更健康的海洋。可知应阻止垃圾。根据题意，故选B。‎ ‎26. 考查名词辨析。句意：世界上的海洋产生了一半以上的氧气用于呼吸，有助于调节我们的气候，吸收二氧化碳，并支持我们星球上最丰富的生命。water 水；food 食物；air空气； oxygen氧气。根据“for breath”为了呼吸。根据常识，可知产生氧气。根据题意，故选D。‎ ‎27. 考查名词辨析。句意：世界上的海洋产生了一半以上的氧气用于呼吸，有助于调节我们的气候，吸收二氧化碳，并支持我们星球上最丰富的生命。abundance 丰富；freedom自由；independence独立；protection保护。根据“Nearly half of all species (物种) on Earth”地球上几乎一半的物种。可知地球上物种丰富。根据题意，故选A。‎ ‎28. 考查动词辨析。句意：地球上近一半的物种依赖海洋生存，和许多其他的，包括人，海洋提高了生活质量。base 基础； depend 依靠，依赖； live居住；attach附上，贴上。“depend on”依赖，依靠。根据题意，故选B。‎ ‎31. 考查连词辨析。句意：由于超过95%的水下王国未被勘探。when 当…时候；while 当…时候；since因为，既然； although虽然。根据题意，故选C。‎ ‎32. 考查名词辨析。句意：它们的深度可以治愈许多疾病，解决许多问题。areas面积；widths宽度，广度；amounts 量，数量；depths深度，深处。根据“over 95 percent of the underwater kingdom remains unexplored,” 超过95%的水下王国未被勘探。可知水下王国因为深度未被勘探。根据题意，故选D。‎ ‎33.‎ ‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：然而，世界上多达40%的海洋受到人类活动的严重影响，导致污染、过度捕捞和沿海生境的丧失。destroyed 毁灭；exploited 剥削，开采；affected 影响；explored勘查，探测。根据“that result in pollution”造成污染。可知海洋受到人类活动的影响。根据题意，故选C。‎ ‎34. 考查名词辨析。句意：特别令人关注的是塑料垃圾。activity活动；concern涉及；reason原因； cause原因，动机。根据题意，故选B。‎ ‎35. 考查名词辨析。句意：其中一些来自于通过我们的河流、湖泊和海洋的船只，最后流入海洋。ships 船；vehicles车辆；cars汽车； travelers旅行支票，旅行信用卡。根据“that use our rivers, lakes and seas”在河流、湖泊和海洋上，可推知是船只通行。根据题意，故选A。‎ ‎36. 考查副词辨析。句意：其中一些来自于使用我们的河流、湖泊和海洋的船只，最后流入海洋。naturally自然地；controversially 引起争议地，争议地；evidently明显地，显而易见；eventually终究，终于。根据题意，故选D。‎ ‎37. 考查副词辨析。句意：但是每年都有大量的土地流入海洋。much 非常；many 许多；some 一些； little不多，少许。根据题意，故选A。‎ ‎39. 考查连词辨析。句意：我们必须牢记，海洋的健康和安全是我们共同的责任，我们不能忽视这一责任。Then然后；And和；So所以；Only仅仅。根据“can we”句中使用倒装句，可推知使用only强调句。根据题意，故选D。‎ ‎40. 考查动词辨析。句意：只有通过良好的管理，我们才能保障海洋的健康，确保海洋继续满足后代的需要。promise允诺，许诺； insure确保，保证；foresee 预知，预见；subscribe捐赠。根据题意，故选B。‎