天津市部分区2021届高三英语上学期期中试题（Word版附解析） 27页

天津市部分区 2020-2021 学年度第一学期期中练习 高三英语 第 I 卷 第一部分：听力 第一节 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选 出 佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置.听完每段对话后，你将有 10 秒钟的时间来回 答有关 题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍. 1. Why can't the speaker work on a report? A. Because it is noisy. B. Because she is ill. C. Because the library is far. 2. How much time did the man spend on the experiment? A. One hour. B. Two hours. C. Three hours. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. A city. B. An office. C. A flat 4. What does the man think of the program? A. Interesting. B. Useful. C. Boring. 5. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In the woman's house. B. In a hospital. C. In an eyeglass store. 第二节 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选 出: 佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5： 钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第 6 至 8 题. 6. Where does the man get the information about the apartment? A. From the Internet. B. From a newspaper. C. Over TV. 7. What is the woman tired of? A. Living with others. B. Living in the city center. C. Rearranging the furniture. 8. Why does the woman dislike the apartment? A. The price is high. B. Its furniture is out of style. C. The transport is inconvenient. 听下面一段对话，回答第 9 至 11 题。 9. Why does the man come to the bookstore? A. To change a book. B. To buy a book. C. To order a book. 10. What does the woman say about the books on Civil War? A. They have sold well. B. They are quite cheap. C. They can attract the man's daughter. 11. How will the man get the book? A. The woman will mail it to him. B. His daughter will come and get it. C. He'll pick it up in person. 听下面一段独白，回答第 12 至 15 题. 12. How many young people are there in each group? A. 15. B. 16. C. 18. 13. Where will the young people go on the first day? A. To a lake. B. To a beach. C. To an island. 14. Why is Fraser Island in the record books? A. It has the longest coastline. B. It is the largest island made of sand. C. It is the biggest area without human beings. 15. What will the young people do in the inland area? A. Sleep by the campfire. B. Stay with Australians. C. Go swimming. 第二部分：英语知识运用 第一节：单项填空 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 例：Stand over there you'll be able to see it better. A. orB. andC. but D. while 答案是 B。 1. The number of people, who have access to their own cars, ______ sharply in the past decade. A. rose B. is rising C. have risen D. has risen 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的十年里，拥有私家车的人数急剧增加。 根据后文 in the past decade 可知表示过去发生的动作持续到现在应用现在完成时，主语为 The number of people，助动词应用 has。故选 D。 【点睛】主谓一致之意义一致。 “a number of+复数名词”与“the number of+复数名词”作状语 a number of 表示“很多……”，后跟可数名词的复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式； the number of 表示“……的数目”，中心词是 number，所以是单数，作主语时，谓语动词用 单数。如： The number of the students in our class is 50. 我们班学生的数量是五十。 A number of workers were fired. 一些工人被解雇了。 2. The art show was ______ being a failure; it was a great success. A. far from B. along with C. next to D. regardless of 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：这次艺术展不是失败，而是成功的。A. far from 远非，完 全不；B. along with 与……一起；C. next to 几乎，差不多；D. regardless of 不管，不顾。根据 “it was a great success”可知，这次艺术展不是失败。故选 A 项。 3. —Jack, you seem excited. —______? I won the first prize in the English speech contest. A. Guess what B. So what C. Pardon me D. Who cares 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——杰克，你看起来很兴奋。——猜猜看？我在英语演讲比 赛中获得第一名。A. Guess what 猜猜看；B. So what 那又怎么样； C. Pardon me 请问刚才你 说的什么；D. Who care 谁管它呢。根据 I won the first prize in the English speech contest 可知， Guess what “猜猜看”符合句意。故选 A。 考点：考查交际用语 【点睛】本题考查日常交际用语，首先读懂对话，弄清句意及各选择项在语境中的具体运用， 然后抓住关键答句 I won the first prize，就不难选出正确答案。应对日常交际用语考题，考生 应首先需要掌握日常生活常见情景中的基本交际用语，然后判断该题所适用的情景场合，最 后判断出正确答案。 4. House prices vary from place to place and are usually high ______ there are famous schools. A. where B. when C. which D. whether 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查地点状语从句。句意：房价因地而异，凡是有名牌学校的地方房价通常都很高。 此处为地点状语从句，表示“……的地方”应用 where 引导。故选 A。 5. I wanted to go to Greece, and my wife wanted to go to Spain, so we _______ Italy. A. carried on B. compromised on C. concentrated on D. calculated on 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：我想去希腊，可我妻子想去西班牙，于是我们折衷了一下去 意大利。A. carried on 继续，坚持；B. compromised on 妥协，折中；C. concentrated on 专注于； D. calculated on期待，指望。分析“I wanted to go to Greece, and my wife wanted to go to Spain, ” 可知，此处表示双方都做出让步，妥协一下。故选 B。 6. —Robert speaking. Could you get me through to Mr. Smith in Room 501? —I’m sorry, he isn’t here. He ________ this morning. A. checked in B. dropped in C. checked out D. dropped out 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:--我是 Robert ,你能帮我接通 501 房间的 Smith 先生吗?— 抱歉。他不在这里。今天早上他结账离开了。 选项 A.check in(在旅馆)登记入住, (在机场)检票 登机；选项 B. drop in 顺道拜访；选项 C. check out 结账退房,结账离开(诊所)；选项 D. drop out 退学;退出(比赛等)。根据上文，他不在这里可知，他结账离开了。选项 C 符合题意。故选 C。 7. —It’s really great to have a computer to store my photos. —Don’t count on it too much. It ______ break down and you’d better make a copy of them. A. must B. can C. should D. need 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——有一台计算机来储存照片真是太棒了。——不要过度依 赖它。它有时候也会出故障，你最好做一个备份。分析句子可知，计算机出故障这是可能的 事情，表示客观可能性用 can。故选 B 项。 8. ______the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover. A. Until B. Unless C. Once D. Although 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：一旦农田被毁坏，将需要许多年的时间才能得以恢复。A. until 到……为止，直到……才，在……以前；B. unless 如果不，除非；C. once 一旦，一经……便； D. although 虽然，然而，尽管。前后是时间先后关系，故选 C。 【点睛】本题考查连词在句子中的应用，要先了解每个选项的意思，然后在具体语境中选出 合适的选项。选项中词语都是引导状语从句的连词，学生需要分析其在句中作何种状语从句 并结合语境分析。 9. 【2018·江苏】Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line. A. that B. where C. which D. when 【答案】B 【解析】 考查定语从句。句意：无人驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。句中先 行词为 area，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词 where，相当于 in which。故选 B。 点睛：本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需抓住两点：1. 找准先行词。2.看先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正 确的关系词。 10. Everyone on this planet is different, and that's______ makes it such a beautiful place. A. When B. how C. what D. why 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这个星球上的每个人都不一样，那是使得这个星球成为美丽 的地方的东西。分析句子可知，系动词 is 后是表语从句，从句缺少主语，what 引导表语从句， 从句中作主语，when“……的时候”作时间状语；how“如何”作方式状语；why“为什么；…… 的原因”作原因状语。故选 C。 11. I'm not sure whether I can persuade him to give up the adventure. , I'll try my best. A. Anyhow B. Otherwise C. Besides D. Therefore 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我不确定能否说服他放弃这次冒险。无论如何，我会尽 全力的。A. Anyhow 无论如何，不管怎样；B. Otherwise 否则；C. Besides 此外；D. Therefore 因此。结合句意可知，能否劝说成功并不重要，重要的是我会尽全力去做，因此设空处需表 “无论如何”之意。故选 A 项。 12. The players ________ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。 句意：从全国各地挑选出来的运动员将在这场夏季比赛中为我们 争光。分析句子可知，select 与 players 在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故选 C 项。 13. ______ to success can’t defeat us. Instead, they can only make us stronger. A. Attempts B. Barriers C. Contributions D. Access 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通往成功路上的障碍不能打败我们，相反，它们只会让 我们更强大。A. Attempts 尝试；B. Barriers 障碍；C. Contributions 贡献；D. Access 进入。根据 “can’t defeat us”可知，此处表示“障碍”，故 B 项正确。 14. — I want to make a kite to fly. —_______. You can easily buy one on the market. A. Why not? B. Good idea! C. Why bother? D. No way! 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际与习惯表达。句意：—我想要做个风筝来放。—何苦呢？你可以很容 易在市场上买到一个。A. Why not? 为什么不呢？；B. Good idea! 好主意！；C. Why bother? 别 费劲，没有必要，何苦呢？；D. No way! 没门！分析语境，甲说想自己制作，乙说直接去市 场买，其对甲的主意并不赞同，A、B 可排除；同时这里 B 是说直接买更简单，自己做麻烦， 而没有体现出甲做不了的意思，排除 D。C 最符合语境，故选 C。 15. ---You don't see the professor from Tianjin quite often, do you? ---No, we only meet________. A. eventually B. instantly C. temporarily D. occasionally 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：——你不经常见到那位从天津来的教授，是吗？——不怎么 见到，我们只是偶尔见面。A.eventually 最后；B.instantly 不断地；C.temporarily 暂时地； D.occasionally 偶然地。根据上文 No, we only meet 可推知，答话者不经常见到那位从天津来的 教授。故选 D 项。 第二节：完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 31~50 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选出最佳选项. I had seen my “old” friend working at our local Wal-Mart for several months. She always stopped to say hi, then___16___off saying she had to get back to work. Through our brief conversations, I discovered she had been down a pretty____17____road but somehow had maintained a positive and cheerful___18___to life. She was living in an apartment building, which was ___19___for alcohol and drug problems, but that was___20___she could afford. A few weeks later there was a fire at the apartment and all residents had to move. As she___21___said, it could be worse but ended with a positive point about her___22___. I felt a pull in my heart to do something to help, because I had been in her___23___once or twice but my life had taken a turn for the___24___. One day I had a few Christmas_____25_____in my car from work. I pulled one out and_____26_____it to her. I placed a gift of cash inside the card - more cash than I had ever given anyone but the_____27_____in my heart said, “Yes! Do it!” When my friend_____28_____, I said, “Here is a card for you,” and we hugged. She opened it and tears came to her eyes. Seeing her happiness, I_____29_____figured out how I was_____30_____to help her. What she did next made me know I had done the right thing. She phoned me_____31_____to thank me again and said, “It was too much, so I_____32_____it with two other women at work who were not going to have Christmas gifts_____33_____their children either. I hope you don’t_____34_____ My heart was filled with_____35_____knowing I had done something that was passed on right where it was meant to go. 16. A. turned B. gave C. hurried D. put 17. A. rough B. direct C. broad D. shallow 18. A. opinion B. view C. attitude D. thought 19. A. designed B. known C. punished D. praised 20. A. what B. that C. which D. how 21. A. never B. seldom C. almost D. always 22. A. spot B. business C. dream D. situation 23. A. boat B. shoes C. coats D. house 24. A. better B. farther C. richer D. healthier 25. A. presents B. cards C. boxes D. letters 26. A. explained B. demonstrated C. addressed D. lent 27. A. power B. desire C. dream D. pull 28. A. stood out B. showed up C. broke in D. came across 29. A. permanently B. constantly C. finally D. generally 30. A. supposed B. forced C. intended D. permitted 31. A. later B. yet C. ever D. only 32. A. rewarded B. donated C. delivered D. shared 33. A. in B. to C. for D. with 34. A. regret B. mind C. refuse D. forgive 35. A. sorrow B. anger C. honor D. joy 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. A 21. D 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. D 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的朋友生活拮据，作者通过给朋友一些钱帮助她。作 者的朋友又把这些钱和另外两个生活困难的人分享。知道这事后，作者的内心充满了喜悦， 因为作者知道自己做了一件事，它被传递到了它应该去的地方。 【16 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她总是停下来打个招呼，然后匆匆离开，说她必须回去工作。A. turned 转动；B. gave 给予；C. hurried 催促；D. put 放置。根据下文“saying she had to get back to work” 可知，然后她匆忙离开。hurried of“匆匆离去”。故选 C。 【17 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过我们简短的交谈，我发现她走了一条很艰苦的路，但不知 怎么的，她对生活保持着积极开朗的态度。A. rough 艰苦的；B. direct 直接的；C. broad 宽的； D. shallow 浅的。根据下文“A few weeks later there was a fire at the apartment and all residents had to move.”可知，通过我们简短的交谈，我发现她的人生道路相当艰苦。故选 A。 【18 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过我们简短的交谈，我发现她走了一条很艰苦的路，但不知怎 么的，她对生活保持着积极开朗的态度。A. opinion 观点；B. view 视野；C. attitude 态度；D. thought 想法。根据转折词“but ”可知，她对生活保持着积极开朗的态度。故选 C。 【19 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她住在一栋公寓楼里，那里以酗酒和吸毒而闻名，但那是她能 负担得起的。A. designed 有计划的；B. known 知名的；C. punished 被惩罚的；D. praised 被称 赞的。根据“for alcohol and drug problems”可知，那里以酗酒和吸毒而闻名，be known for“因……而出名”。故选 B。 【20 题详解】 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：她住在一栋公寓楼里，那里以酗酒和吸毒而闻名，但那是她能 负担得起的。A. what 什么；B. that 那；C. which 哪一个；D. how 怎样。she could afford 是一 个表语从句，关系词在表语从句中作 afford 的宾语，指物，因此用 what。故选 A。 【21 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：正如她常说的，情况可能会更糟，但最后她对自己的处境以积极 的看法结束。A. never 决不；B. seldom 很少；C. almost 几乎；D. always 总是。根据下文“it could be worse but ended with a positive point ”可知，她总是这样看待问题。故选 D。 【22 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如她常说的，情况可能会更糟，但最后她对自己的处境以积极 的看法结束。A. position 位置；B. business 商业；C. dream 梦想；D. situation 处境。根据前文 “A few weeks later there was a fire at the apartment and all residents had to move.”可知，她以积 极的观点来看待这种处境。故选 D。 【23 题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：我心里有种想做点什么来帮助她的冲动，因为我曾经有一两次像她一 样，但是我的生活已经好转了。A. boat 船；B. shoes 鞋子；C. coats 大衣；D. house 房子。根 据前文“I felt a pull in my heart to do something to help”可知，因为我曾经有一两次像她一样， 所以想帮她。in one’s shoes“处于某人的位置”，是固定用法。故选 B。 【24 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我心里有种想做点什么来帮助她的冲动，因为我曾经有一两次 像她一样，但是我的生活已经好转了。A.better 更好的；B.farther 更远的；C. richer 更富有的； D.healthier 更健康的。根据转折词“but ”可知，我的生活已经好转了。故选 A。 【25 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我下班回家的车里有几张圣诞卡。A.presents 礼物；B.cards 卡片；c.boxes 盒子；D.letters 书信。根据下文“I placed a gift of cash inside the card”可知，是 有几张圣诞卡。故选 B。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拿出一张，写信给她。A. explained 解释；B. demonstrated 证实； C. addressed 写信给；D. lent 借给。根据下文“I placed a gift of cash inside the card — more cash than I had ever given anyone but the 12 in my heart said, “Yes! Do it!” ”可知，我拿出一张，并且 写信给她。故选 C。 【27 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在卡里放了一份现金作为礼物——我给过的现金比谁都多，但 我的心说：“是的！去做吧！”A. power 力量；B. desire 渴望；C. dream 梦想；D. pull 拉力。 根据下文“Yes! Do it!”可知，此处是我内心的力量告诉我。故选 D。 【28 题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我的朋友出现时，我说：“这是给你的卡片。”然后我们 拥抱在一起。A. stood out 突出；B. showed up 露面；C. broke in 插入；D. came across 偶遇。根 据下文“I said, “Here is a card for you,” and we hugged.”可知，我的朋友出现了。故选 B。 【29 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：看到她的快乐，我终于明白我该怎么帮助她了。A. permanently 永 久地；B. constantly 不断地；C. finally 最终；D. generally 通常。根据上文“Seeing her happiness” 可知，我终于明白我应该怎样帮助她。故选 C。 【30 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到她的快乐，我终于明白该怎么帮助她了。A. supposed 设想， 认为；B. forced 强迫；C. intended 打算；D. permitted 允许。根据下文“What she did next made me know I had done the right thing”可知，我终于明白我应该怎样帮助她。be supposed to“应 该”。故选 A。 【31 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她后来打电话给我，再次感谢我。A.later 后来；B.yet 但是；C.ever 曾经；D.only 只是，仅仅。根据下文“to thank me again”可知，她后来打电话给我。故选 A。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这实在是太多了，所以我和另外两个上班的女士分享了这些钱， 她们也不能为自己的孩子送圣诞礼物。A.rewarded 奖赏；B.donated 捐赠；C. delivered 递送； D.shared 分享。根据下文“with two other women at work”可知，她和其他两位女士分享了。 故选 D。 【33 题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：这实在是太多了，所以我和另外两个上班的女士分享了这些钱， 她们也不能为自己的孩子送圣诞礼物。A.in 在……之内；B.to 到；C.for 为；D.with 用。根据 下文“their children either”可知，她们也不能为自己的孩子送圣诞礼物。故选 C。 【34 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望你不要介意。A.regret 后悔；B.mind 介意；C.refuse 拒绝； D. forgive 原谅。don’t mind“不要介意”。故选 B。 【35 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的心里充满了喜悦，因为我所做的事情被传递到了它应该传递 的地方。A.sorrow 悲伤；B.anger 愤怒；C.honor 荣誉；D. joy 喜悦，快乐。根据下文“knowing I had done something that was passed on right where it was meant to go”可知，我的心里充满了喜 悦。故选 D。 第三部分：阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A London is a huge city with more things to do than anywhere else. With the London Pass, you get free entry to over 50 specially selected places with one purchase. In the list you'll find: • 19 historic buildings • 22 museums and art galleries • 8 tours, cruises and walks and entertainment activities • 13 places of interest including boats and aquariums • 12 restaurants and services The London Pass not only offers great value and convenience, but also enables you to beat the queues at selected attractions. There are also special offers such as discounts at restaurants and theaters, where the attraction is normally free to the public. The London Pass also gives you great offers such as a free guided tour. So whether you prefer museums or cinemas, galleries or ice skating or zoos, with The London Pass there really is something for everyone. You can buy Adult or child passes for 2, 3 or 6 days. See all ticket prices bellow and choose what you need. Description Price London Pass 2 days Adult-Item E-036 $87 London Pass 3 days Adult-Item E-037 $104 London Pass 6 days Adult-Item E-038 $140 London Pass 2 days child (5-15 years) $62 London Pass 3 days child (5-15 years) $72 London Pass 6 days child (5-15 years) $100 You can contact us by sending emails or making calls. Please call 1-888-254-0637. Outside the US please call 00-800-84468370 or+ 1210 507 5997. VIP reservations: Contact a Customer Service representative at 1-866-270-2849. NOTE: If your reservation is made prior to November 15th, 2020 email sales@previewhotels.com. 36. According to the passage, with the London Pass you can probably do all the following things for free EXCEPT . A. stays at hotels B. see famous buildings C. go boating D. join in entertainment activities 37. According to Paragraph 2, with the London Pass, visitors . A. won't be allowed to travel alone B. won't have to pay for guided tours C. will be fined unless they wait in line D. can eat meals for free at some restaurants 38. How much should Mr. King pay for the London Pass 2 days if he goes with his wife and 7-year-old son? A. $174 B. $236 C. S 244 D. $270 39. What can be inferred from the passage? A. The London Pass has discounts for students. B. 16 years olds can enjoy the London Pass 2 days Child. C. Children under 5 don't need the London Pass. D. The London Pass can't be bought on weekends. 40. If you are a VIP customer, you can reserve by calling . A. 1-888-254-0637 B. 00-800-84468370 C. 1210 507 5997 D. 1-866-270-2849 【答案】36. A 37. B 38. B 39. C 40. D 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文章主要是一则关于“伦敦通行证”的广告，介绍了这一通行证提供的免 费活动、价格和联系方式等信息。 【36 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“• 19 historic buildings；• 8 tours, cruises and walks and entertainment activities；• 13 places of interest including boats and aquariums (19 座历史建筑；8 个旅游、游轮、 散步和娱乐活动；13 处名胜，包括船只和水族馆)”可知，有了伦敦通行证，你可能可以免费 看著名的建筑、去划船和参加娱乐活动，除了 A 选项“住酒店”。故选 A。 【37 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The London Pass also gives you great offers such as a free guided tour. (伦敦通行证也会给你很多优惠，比如免费导游)”可知，有了伦敦通行证，游客就不用花 钱请导游了。故选 B。 【38 题详解】 细节理解题。根据“London Pass 2 days Adult-Item E-036；$87 (伦敦通行证 2 天成人：售价 87 美元)”以及“London Pass 2 days child (5-15 years)；$62(伦敦通行证 2 天儿童 5 岁到 15 岁：售 价 62 美元)”可知，如果金先生和他的妻子和 7 岁的儿子一起去伦敦两天，他应该付 87+87+62=236 美元。故选 B。 【39 题详解】 推理判断题。根据价格表中，最低收费年龄是五岁，可推知，5 岁以下儿童不需要伦敦通行证。 故选 C。 【40 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“VIP reservations: Contact a Customer Service representative at 1-866-270-2849. (VIP 预订：请致电 1-866-270-2849 联系客户服务代表)”可知，如果您是 VIP 客户，请拨打 1-866-270-2849 预约。故选 D。 B A mum saved her daughter's life with her newly learned first aid skills. Sonya Hall, 33, of Denny Avenue, Lancaster, had only just attended one first aid class the day before when she found herself needing to use the skills on her three-year-old daughter Tilly. Sonya, who also has son Emmen, six, attended the first aid course at Lune Park Children's Centre in Lancaster. Then she was faced with every parent's worst nightmare when Tilly went blue in the face and stopped breathing. But thanks to her newly acquired skills, Sonya saved Tilly's life. Sonya said, “Tilly was playing with her brother and they were fighting over a toy. Emmen won the fight. Tilly fell backwards and her head was hit. She was face down and shaking and at first I thought she was upset. But then I saw she was blue in the face and had stopped breathing. I reacted without thinking and immediately started using the first aid skills I had learned the day before which were so fresh in my mind. I began doing mouth-to-mouth and chest compression(胸外按压). It probably took about a minute before Tilly started breathing again, but to me it felt like a lifetime.” After getting Tilly breathing again, Sonya called an ambulance and the doctors came. Since then, Tilly has been diagnosed with Reflex Anoxic Seizure(反射缺氧发作). Sonya said, “The seizure can happen when there's any unexpected pain, fear or fright. It's just so lucky that the day before it happened, I had been practicing first aid." The Empowering Parents First Aid course is run by Lancashire Adult Learning. Sonya said, “I am just so glad I did the course and I learnt the first aid skills. I always feared I would not know what to do in a crisis situation, but luckily I had the knowledge and skills to deal with it.” 41. What happened to Tilly? A. She was knocked down by her brother. B. She fell on the floor and hit her head. C. She was hit by a toy on the head and felt upset D. She was hit by her brother and stopped breathing. 42. When Sonya found Tilly's shaking, she thought her daughter must. A. be crying B. recognize her failure C. pretend to be hurt D. be very angry 43. What can be inferred from the underlined words in the third paragraph? A. Tilly's illness would last all her life. B. Sonya was very nervous and frightened. C. It was very difficult to give first aid. D. It was a long time before Tilly got breathing again. 44. When Sonya goes to the first aid class next time, she will feel A. enjoyable B. excited C. grateful D. awkward 45. What would be the best title for the text? A. Mum saves girl with first aid B. How to practice first aid C. The importance of first aid D. Mums should attend first courses 【答案】41. B 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. A 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位母亲用新学的急救知识与技能拯救了女儿生命的故事。 【41 题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第三段“Tilly fell backwards and her head was hit.”（Tilly 往后摔倒，头 被伤到了。）可知，她摔到地面上，撞到了头。故选 B。 【42 题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第三段“She was face down and shaking and at first I thought she was upset.”（她脸向下，在发抖，一开始我认为她很生气）可知，当一开始女儿发抖的时候，母 亲以为是她生气。故选 D。 【43 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据上文“I began doing mouth-to-mouth and chest compression(胸外按压). It probably took about a minute before Tilly started breathing again, but to me it felt like a lifetime” （我开始嘴对嘴吹气和胸外按压，大概过了一分钟 Tilly 开始重新有了呼吸，但对我来说感觉 过了一生。）再综合语境及经验常识可知，急救的场面是十分惊心动魄的，也会让人高度紧张， 面对失去呼吸的女儿，一位母亲肯定会觉得这段时间非常紧张和煎熬，因此 Sonya 非常紧张 和害怕。即，划线部分的意思是 “Sonya 非常紧张和害怕”。故选 B。 【44 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段和最后一段 Sonya 的讲述，特别是倒数第二段“It's just so lucky that the day before it happened, 1 had been practicing first aid.”（很幸运在那一天的事情发生前， 我已经练习了急救技能）可知，正是 Sonya 学了急救，才救了女儿一命。由此推知，下次去 上课时因此她内心会十分感激。故选 C。 【45 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，全文围绕 Sonya 用急救知识与技能拯救了她女儿的生命展 开，再结合文章首段首句“A mum saved her daughter's life with her newly learned first aid skills.”（一位母亲用她新学的急救技能拯救了她女儿的生命）可知，“母亲用急救技能救了 女孩子（女儿）”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选 A。 【点睛】 C If you have ever talked about your dreams with your friends, you may have noticed something interesting. Some of your friends rarely remember their dreams, while others can describe their dreams very clearly. Why do people remember dreams differently? The answer is simple: they are two different types of dreamers --- low—recall dreamers and high-recall dreamers. According to researchers at the Lyon Neuroscience Research Center in France, high-recall dreamers reported they remembered their dreams almost every day while low — recall dreamers said they only remembered their dreams once or twice a month, reported Live Science. Perrine Ruby, a lead scientist at the research center in Lyon, studied 41 people （21 high-recall dreamers and 20 low-recall dreamers） and recorded their brain activity. She found that a part of the brain called the temporo-parietal junction（前颞顶叶交 界处）was more active in high-recall dreamers. This was true both when they were sleeping and awake. This area of the brain is responsible for collecting and processing information from the outside world. This means that high-recall dreamers are more sensitive to what is happening around them. For example, when they are awake, they respond more strongly to hearing their own names. When they are sleeping, they tend to be woken up more easily by sounds and movements. By closely studying people's brain activity, Ruby found that high-recall dreamers have twice as much "wakefulness during sleep as low-recall dreamers do. And it is during these short periods of wakefulness that the brain memorizes dreams. This is not hard to understand. Just try to think of your own sleeping experience. If you are restless during the night, you are more likely to remember your dreams, but if you sleep well and soundly, you tend to remember very little in the morning. This is because “you never get a chance to remember”, Robert Stick gold, a Harvard Medical School researcher, told The Washington Post. As another research project at the University of Turku in Finland showed, dream content can also affect our memory. Negative dreams are easier to recall than ordinary dreams. Nightmares （噩 梦）are often recalled because they are emotionally negative, and such dreams evoke fear. 46. What can we know about high-recall dreamers according to the article? A. They have very little brain activity when they sleep. B. They can remember their dreams clearly. C. They don't know how to describe their dreams. D. They remember their dreams twice a week. 47. Compared to high-recall dreamers, low — recall dreamers. A. have higher quality sleep B. have more sleepless nights C. are more easily woken at night D. respond faster when hearing their names 48. What is the main purpose of the 8th paragraph? A. To explain Ruby's findings. B. To attract readers' interest in future studies. C. To show the advantages of being a low -recall dreamer. D. To suggest what to do to become a low — recall dreamer. 49. What did the research project in Finland find? A. Ordinary dreams can help our brain rest. B. Dreams are often affected by our emotions. C. Nightmares often happen when we don't sleep well. D. Negative dreams are more likely to be recalled 50. What does the underlined word "evoke" in the last paragraph probably mean? A. approve of B. define C. result in D. extend 【答案】46. B 47. A 48. A 49. D 50. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇科普类说明文。短文介绍了不同的人对梦境不同程度的记忆的原因。 【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“high-recall dreamers reported they remembered their dreams almost every day while low — recall dreamers said they only remembered their dreams once or twice a month,”高回忆率的人报告说他们几乎每天都能记住他们的梦，而低回忆率的人说他 们一个月只能记住他们的梦一到两次。可知，高回忆型的做梦者清晰地记得他们每一天的梦， 故选 B。 2.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“ If you are restless during the night, you are more likely to remember your dreams, but if you sleep well and soundly, you tend to remember very little in the morning. ”如果你晚上睡不着，你更有可能记得你做过的梦，但如果你睡得好，睡得香，你早 上的记忆就会很少。可知，如果睡得很香甜，就记不住梦的内容。而低回忆型的做梦者就是 记不住梦的内容，由此可以推断他们的睡觉质量很高。故选 A。 3.推理判断题。结合第四段的首句“Perrine Ruby,a lead scientist at the research center in Lyon, studied 41 people (21 high-recall dreamers and 20 low-recall dreamers) and recorded their brain activity.”里昂研究中心的首席科学家 Perrine Ruby 研究了 41 个人(21 个记忆力高的做梦者和 20 个记忆力低的做梦者) ，记录了他们的大脑活动。就说明了 Ruby 做了一个研 究，而下面几段就是具体介绍了研究的内容以及结果等。根据第 8 段的内容“This is not hard to understand. Just try to think of your own sleeping experience. If you are restless during the night, you are more likely to remember your dreams, but if you sleep well and soundly, you tend to remember very little in the morning.”这点不难理解，这并不难理解。试着想想自己的睡眠 经历。如果你在晚上不安分，你更有可能记住你的梦，但如果你睡得好而且很沉，你往往在 早上记住的很少。可以得出，本段主要是对 Perrine Ruby 的研究结果做解释。故选 A。 4.细节理解题。根据最后一段“As another research project at the University of Turku in Finland showed, dream content can also affect our memory. Negative dreams are easier to recall than ordinary dreams. ”芬兰图尔库大学的另一个研究项目表明，梦的内容也会影响我们的记忆。 消 极的梦比普通的梦更容易回忆起来。可知，芬兰的研究项目发现消极的梦更容易被想起来。 故选 D。 5.词义猜测题。由本段中“Nightmares （噩梦）are often recalled because they are emotionally negative, ”噩梦之所以经常被回忆起来，是因为它们在情绪上是消极的。结合本句“such dreams evoke fear.”这样的梦会____恐惧。根据本句所在的语境，可推断，这样的梦会给人带来恐惧， 即会产生恐惧。选项 C.“result in”产生，符合题意，故选 C。 D An analysis of almost 50 years of competitions—including Eurovision Song Contests and world skating championships—has found that contestants are more likely to win if they are among the last to appear before the judges. The study by an American university appears to provide scientific proof that the best man, or woman, does not always win. It found that, on average, the last competitor to appear in the Eurovision Song Contest was more than twice as likely to win as the one who went on first. The first rounds of figure—skating championships, for which the running order is selected at random, showed more dramatic results. The final skater had a 14 percent chance of victory, making him or her more than four times as likely to win as the first skater. The study showed a gradual worsening of chances for competitors who appeared earlier in the running order. A contestant who appears first in a contest is two percent less likely to win than one who appears second. A contestant who appears second is two percent less likely to win than one who appears third, and so on. The findings are published in the March issue of Acta Psychologica, a scientific journal. Robert Hardman, a senior lecturer in psychology at London Metropolitan University who specializes in the science of decision-making, said that the results were interesting. He suggested that the effect was caused by the limitations of the human memory. “When people make comparison, they aren’t really able to make a lot of fine-grade discrimination. When contestants appear at the beginning of a contest, judges have little to compare them to and are perhaps cautious about the scores they give.” he said. “Later on when judges are able to compare the contestants to those that have gone before, they might give more extreme marks because they feel more confident about their judgments.” 51. Robert Hardman’s words mainly tell about his ______. A. explanation for the findings B. own achievement in the research C. suggestion to solve the problem D. comments on the findings 52. The first skater in the first round of figure skating championships had a ______ percent chance of winning. A. six B. four C. three D. two 53. According to the study, the best competitor does not always win possibly because he/she ______. A. fails to show his/her very best B. is mistakenly put in the running order C. meets with unfair judges D. appears too early before the judges 54. What may be a problem with the judges according to the article? A. They believe the first is seldom the best. B. They can’t remember things well enough. C. They don’t really know what is good. D. They show favor towards the contestants they like. 55. What could be the best title for the passage? A. A contestant who appears last is sure to win. B. Judges have a preference when giving scores. C. The best way to come first is to go last. D. Judges usually made no comparison in contests. 【答案】51. A 52. C 53. D 54. B 55. C 【解析】 一项分析表明在评分的竞技比赛中，最后出场的竞技者获胜的可能性更大些。 【51 题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文及文章最后两段 Robert Hardman 的话可知，Robert Hardman 讲的话是 为其研究结果所做的解释说明。故选 A。 【52 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段 The final skater had a 14 percent chance of victory, making him or her more than four times as likely to win as the first skater.可知，最后一位滑冰选手有 14%的机会 赢，使其获胜的可能性要比第一位选手高 4 倍多，从而可以推断出第一位滑冰选手只有 3%的 几率获胜。故选 C。 【53 题详解】 细节理解题。从第一段和第二段 The study by an American university appears to provide scientific proof that the best man, or woman, does not always win.可知，最好的选手不一定总是赢，可能因 为其过早的出现在裁判前。故选 D。 【54 题详解】 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 文 章 第 五 段 Robert Hardman, a senior lecturer in psychology at London Metropolitan University who specializes in the science of decision-making, said that the results were interesting. He suggested that the effect was caused by the limitations of the human memory.可知， 由于人记忆的局限性导致了裁判的问题。故选 B。 【55 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章大意：一项分析表明在评分的竞技比赛中，最后出场的竞技者获胜的 可能性更大些。故选 C。 第 II 卷 第四部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题 I remember doing the household chores to help my mother when I was nine. I hated changing the vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器)bag and picking up things the machine did not suck up. Twenty years later, in 1978, with this lifelong dislike of the way the machine worked, I decided to make a bagless one. Easier said than done, of course. I didn't realize that I would spend the next five years perfecting my design, a process that resulted in 5,127 different prototypes (样机).By the time I made my 15th prototype, my third child was born. By 2,627, my wife and I were really counting our pennies. By 3,727, my wife was giving art lessons for some extra cash, and we were getting further and further into debt. These were tough times, but each failure brought me closer to solving the problem. In the early 1980s, I started trying to get licensing agreements for my technology. The reality was very different, however. The major vacuum makers had built a business model based on the profits from bags and filters (滤网). No one would license my idea, not because it was a bad one, but because it was bad for business. But soon after, the companies that I had talked with started making machines like mine. I had to fight legal battles on both sides of the Atlantic to protect the patents on my vacuum cleaner. I was still in financial difficulties until 1993, when my bank manager personally persuaded Lloyds Bank to lend me $1 million. Then I was able to go into production. Within two years, the Dyson vacuum cleaner became a best-seller in Britain. Today, I still embrace risk and the potential for failure as part of the process. Nothing beats the excitement of invention. 56. What drove the author to make a bagless vacuum cleaner? (No more than 10 words) 57. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us? (No more than 10 words) 58. Why did the companies refuse to license the author's technology? (No more than 10 words) 59. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean? (No more than 10 words) 60. What lesson may you learn from the author's experience? (No more than 25 words) 【答案】56. The dislike of the way the vacuum cleaner worked His dislike of the way the existing cleaners worked His discontent with existing cleaners. 57. The tough process of the new invention. The tough time the author experienced perfecting his design . 58. Because it was bad for business. Because they thought they might suffer loss. 59. I welcome/(am willing to take) risk and accept possible failure. I'm still ready to take risk and accept possible failure. 60. I have learned that failure is the mother of success, so we shouldn't be afraid of failure. We should try our best until we succeed. 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者经历重重挑战和难关，最终让自己发明吸尘器——戴 森成为英国畅销吸尘器的故事。故事告诉我们，不要恐惧失败，在没有成功之前，都要竭尽 全力。 【56 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的 I hated changing the vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器)bag and picking up things the machine did not suck up. Twenty years later, in 1978, with this lifelong dislike of the way the machine worked, I decided to make a bagless one.(我讨厌换真空吸尘器的口袋，也不喜欢去捡 机器没有吸进去的东西。20 年后，在 1978 年，因为不喜欢这个机器的工作方式，我决定制作 一个没有口袋的吸尘器)可知，作者决定制作一个没有口袋吸尘器是因为他不喜欢真空吸尘器 的工作方式。故填 The dislike of the way the vacuum cleaner worked./ His dislike of the way the existing cleaners worked./His discontent with existing cleaners. 【57 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据本段的主要内容，尤其是 Easier said than done, of course. I didn't realize that I would spend the next five years perfecting my design, a process that resulted in 5,127 different prototypes(当然，说起来容易，做起来难。我没想到我会花五年的时间，来优化我的设计，在 此过程中我做了 5127 个样机)可知，本段主要讲述了作者研发新的吸尘器的艰辛。故填 The tough process of the new invention./The tough time the author experienced perfecting his design. 【58 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的 No one would license my idea, not because it was a bad one, but because it was bad for business.(没人批准我的想法，不是因为它不好，而是因为它对企业不利) 可知，因为这个发明对企业不利，所以没人批准他的想法。故填 Because it was bad for business./Because they thought they might suffer loss. 【59 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据最后一段 Today, I still embrace risk and the potential for failure as part of the process. Nothing beats the excitement of invention.可知，我仍然敞开双臂，拥抱风险和潜在的失 败作为过程的一部分。因为没有什么比发明更令人兴奋。根据上下文，推测划线部分的意思 是“我愿意接受挑战和可能的失败”。故填 I welcome/(am willing to take) risk and accept possible failure./I'm still ready to take risk and accept possible failure. 【60 题详解】 开放题。根据本文的主要内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者经历重重挑战和难关，最终让自己 发明吸尘器——戴森成为英国畅销吸尘器的故事。从作者的故事，我们可以学到：失败是成 功之母，因此我们不要害怕失败。相反，我们应该竭尽全力直到成功为止。故填 I have learned that failure is the mother of success, so we shouldn't be afraid of failure. We should try our best until we succeed. 第二节 书面表达 61. 假定你是晨光中学的李津。你校英语社团的微信公众号开展以“Trash Sorting Around Us”为 题的征文活动。根据个人对垃圾分类的所见所做所感，要求同学们积极投稿，推荐给其他同 学。现请你投稿，文章内容应包括： 1.你的学校或所在社区(community)垃圾分类情况； 2.你是如何做的； 3.你的感受。 参考词汇： 可循环垃圾 recyclable waste 不可循环垃圾 unrecyclable waste 有害垃圾 hazardous waste 注意： 1.词数不少于 100； 2.内容充实、行文连贯； Trash Sorting Around Us November 15, 2020 When it comes to trash sorting, ________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ By Li Jin 【答案】Trash Sorting Around Us Nov.15, 2020 When it comes to trash sorting, my school and community are doing a wonderful job. Dustbins in different colors have been put into use in certain places. Trash is also sorted into recyclable waste, unrecyclable waste and hazardous waste, which is now deeply rooted in people’s mind and making a change to the way we live. In addition, I am also a volunteer in our school and community. Learning plenty of knowledge about trash sorting via the Internet, I have been taking an active part in activities of trash sorting in my school and community. Therefore, I think it essential to sort trash out. Not only can it save our money and time while dealing with trash, but it also can enhance the quality of life. So I approve of trash sorting for our own sake and the sake of nature. By Li Jin 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于记叙文，要求考生根据个人对垃圾分类的所见所做所感，以“我们身边的 垃圾分类”为题写一篇征文进行投稿。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：记叙文 时态：根据写作内容，时态以一般现在时为主，记录日常的垃圾分类所见所做所感 结构：总分法（或总分总） 要求： 1.你的学校或所在社区垃圾分类情况； 2.你是如何做的； 3.你的感受。 第二步：列提纲 （重点词组） do a wonderful job, be deeply rooted in people’s mind, make a change to the way we live, take an active part in activities of trash sorting, save our money and time, enhance the quality of life, approve of trash sorting 第三步：连词成句 1. Dustbins in different colors have been put into use in certain places. 2. Trash is also sorted into recyclable waste, unrecyclable waste and hazardous waste, which is now deeply rooted in people’s mind and making a change to the way we live. 3. Learning plenty of knowledge about trash sorting via the Internet, I have been taking an active part in activities of trash sorting in my school and community. 4. Not only can it save our money and time while dealing with trash, but it also can enhance the quality of life. 5. So I approve of trash sorting for our own sake and the sake of nature. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表并列补充关系： In addition 2.表因果关系： Therefore 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】[高分句型 1] Trash is also sorted into recyclable waste, unrecyclable waste and hazardous waste, which is now deeply rooted in people’s mind and making a change to the way we live.（灵活 运用非限制性定语从句把句子串起来，定语从句中还运用了被动语态 be rooted in，并再次运 用了定语从句 we live） [高分句型 2] Learning plenty of knowledge about trash sorting via the Internet, I have been taking an active part in activities of trash sorting in my school and community.（现在分词短语做状语，用 法地道） [高分句型 3] Not only can it save our money and time while dealing with trash, but it also can enhance the quality of life.（正确运用表补充递进的 not only…but also…连接句子，其中 not only 部分需倒装）