高考英语一轮复习Module1British课后达标检测外研版必修5 9页

Module 1 British and American English ‎ (建议用时：45分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·德州高三模拟)Gabriella’s family immigrated to the US from Peru when she was two years old. As a compound bilingual(熟谙两种语言的人), Gabriella develops two linguistic codes at the same time, with a set of concepts, learning both English and Spanish. Her teenage brother, on the other hand, might be a coordinate bilingual, working with two sets of concepts, learning English in school, Spanish at home. Finally, Gabriella’s parents are likely to be subordinate bilinguals who learned a second language by translating it into their mother tongue.‎ Regardless of accent and pronunciation, all types of bilingual people can become fully proficient in a language. It seems that the difference may not be apparent. But recently brain imaging technology has given a glimpse into how specific aspects of language learning affect the bilingual brain. It’s well known that the brain’s left hemisphere(半球) is in charge of logical processes, while the right hemisphere is more active in emotional and social ones. Language involves both types of functions. Critical period hypothesis says children learn languages more easily because their developing brains let them use both hemispheres in language learning, while in most adults, language relies on one hemisphere, usually the left.‎ Before the 1960s, bilingualism was considered a handicap that slowed the children’s development by forcing them to spend too much energy distinguishing between languages. But a recent study did show that bilingualism may make you smarter. It does make your brain more complex, healthier, and more actively engaged, and even if you didn’t have the good fortune of learning a second language like a child, it’s never too late to do yourself a favor and make the linguistic leap from “Hello” to “Hola” “Bonjour” or “nihao” because when it comes to our brains, a little exercise can go a long way.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，双语学习能使大脑更加聪明、更加健康、更活跃；学习外语永远不迟。‎ ‎1．Why is Gabriella’s family used as the example in Paragraph 1?‎ 9‎ A．To show that the family are bilinguals.‎ B．To explain the advantages of bilinguals.‎ C．To illustrate the three types of bilinguals.‎ D．To prove all ages can learn foreign languages.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，Gabriella家中有三种不同的双语学习类型的人，据此可知，第一段以Gabriella的家庭为例是为了说明三种不同双语学习类型的人，故C项正确。‎ ‎2．Why do the children learn languages more easily than adults?‎ A．Because they learn languages with a set of concepts.‎ B．Because they use both hemispheres to learn languages.‎ C．Because their mother tongue doesn’t influence them much.‎ D．Because they can easily translate one language into another.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段尾句中的“children learn languages more easily because their developing brains let them use both hemispheres in language learning, while in most adults, language relies on one hemisphere, usually the left”可知，儿童学习语言更容易是因为他们发育中的大脑让他们在语言学习中使用两个大脑半球，而在大多数成年人中，学习语言依赖于一个大脑半球，通常是左半球，故B项正确。‎ ‎3．Which of the following best explains the underlined word “handicap” in Paragraph 3?‎ A．Disease.　 B．Disability.‎ C．Disadvantage. D．Illness.‎ C　解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句“Before the 1960s, bilingualism was considered a handicap that slowed the children’s development by forcing them to spend too much energy distinguishing between languages.”尤其是该句中的“slowed”和“forcing them to spend too much energy distinguishing between languages”并结合语境可推知，画线词与C项“不利因素，障碍”意思相近，故C项正确。‎ ‎4．What can we infer from the text?‎ A．The left brain is more important for language learning.‎ B．Learning languages can promote the brain development.‎ C．The proficiency of language becomes weak gradually with age.‎ D．Immigrants have advantages in learning languages over natives.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句中的“But a recent study did show that bilingualism may make you smarter. It does make your brain more complex, healthier, and more actively engaged”可知，最近的一项研究确实表明，‎ 9‎ 双语可能会让你更聪明。它确实会让你的大脑更复杂、更健康、更活跃；据此可推知，学习语言会促进大脑的发展，故B项正确。‎ B ‎(2020·郑州高三第二次质量预测)Thomas Cheatham had planned to study Latin during his time at Hebron High School in Texas. But when he learned that the school district was going to offer a Mandarin(普通话) class, he quickly changed his mind.‎ ‎“I thought Mandarin would be more beneficial than Latin，” said Cheatham, who is now in his second year of studying the language.‎ He speaks Mandarin to order food at Chinese restaurants and can read social media posts from his Chinesespeaking friends. While it’s a difficult language to master, the high school junior, who plans to study computer engineering, thinks it will be important for his career. “Chinese is a good language to know, especially with China becoming a growing power，” he said.‎ Many experts agree that proficiency(熟练) in a language spoken by a billion people worldwide will give American students an edge in the global economy.‎ ‎“People are looking at China as our next economic competitor, and interest in Mandarin is growing fast，” said Marty Abbott, director of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages. “We’re seeing it in all parts of the country.”‎ Abbott predicts that as many as 100，000 students are now studying Mandarin in public and private schools throughout the US. She said the US government has designated(指定) Mandarin as an “important need” language and provides professional development programs for teachers. “Our government wants to increase our language ability for economic competitiveness，” Abbott added.‎ At the same time, the Chinese government is spreading knowledge of the Chinese language and culture through Confucius Institutes set up in many US states. For example, the Confucius Institute at the University of Texas at Dallas has been the home of a Confucius Institute for 10 years. It sponsors Confucius Classrooms at 21 local public and private schools, where tens of thousands of students are learning Mandarin.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了普通话在美国学生中日益流行。‎ ‎5．Why did Thomas Cheatham decide to study Mandarin instead of Latin?‎ A．Mandarin was easier to learn than Latin.‎ B．Mandarin could be helpful to his future career.‎ 9‎ C．Mandarin might help him learn more about China.‎ D．Mandarin could enable him to study computer engineering.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“While it’s a difficult language to master, the high school junior, who plans to study computer engineering, thinks it will be important for his career.”可知，Thomas Cheatham认为学习普通话对他的未来职业有帮助，所以才决定学习普通话。‎ ‎6．The underlined word “edge” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”．‎ A．a slight advantage　　　　 B．the outside limit C．a sharp tone of voice D．an exciting quality A　解析：词义猜测题。根据语境尤其是第三段最后一句中的“Chinese is a good language to know, especially with China becoming a growing power”和第四段第一句中的“a language spoken by a billion people”可知，随着中国的发展，学习普通话大有裨益，由此可推知，学习普通话让美国学生在全球经济中有一定的优势，这与文章第五段的内容呼应。故画线词意为“优势”，与A项含义相近。‎ ‎7．Which of the following statements might Marty Abbott agree with?‎ A．Mandarin should be taught in classrooms throughout the US.‎ B．Those skilled at Chinese will be the most competitive in the future.‎ C．The US government’s policy has helped popularize Mandarin in the US.‎ D．Americans learn Mandarin because they worry about their economic security.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据语境尤其是对第六段的整体理解可推知，在Marty Abbott看来，美国政府的政策有助于普通话在美国的推广。‎ ‎8．What does the author mainly talk about in this passage?‎ A．The rising popularity of Mandarin among American students.‎ B．The great benefits of learning Mandarin for American students.‎ C．The influence of China’s growing power on American education.‎ D．The effect of Confucius Institutes in promoting Mandarin in the US.‎ A　解析：主旨大意题。根据对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲述的是普通话在美国学生中日益流行的现象，这与最后一段的进一步论述呼应。故选A。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2020·广东七校联考)We all have to make decisions all the time, and we have an abundance of choices, ranging from tiny issues to vital ones. Unfortunately, people often find it hard to make decisions. 1.________If you would like to improve your skill of decision making, here are four suggestions for you.‎ Don’t expect to have it all.‎ 9‎ ‎2．________ You can’t order every delicious dish on the menu. And there will be paths not taken, careers not chosen, to name but a few. You can imagine some “what if” situations if you must, but do not let them take up too much space in your brain.‎ ‎3．________‎ It’s often good to think through your decisions. But don’t overdo it. Research can reach a point where returns begin to reduce, which makes it confusing more than clarifying. Many good decisions can be made based as much on intuition(直觉) as on careful assessment of endless data.‎ Don’t delay making decisions.‎ Yes, there is a time to put off making a decision. Perhaps you need more information. 4.________ Or it’s likely that you wait for a less stressful time. Just don’t wait so long that the decision is made by your own indecisiveness.‎ Don’t be hard on yourself.‎ You decide to go on a voyage. You choose an expensive liner. Everything should work out just right. Only you didn’t expect a bug that ran around on the ship, making you and your family sick for five days. 5.________ But please remember it is unavoidable sometimes.‎ A．Don’t spend too much time thinking.‎ B．It is an important source of information.‎ C．You may regret making such a stupid decision.‎ D．Don’t count on emotion to make decisions.‎ E．Maybe you wish to consult with your adviser.‎ F．Decisions force us to close the door on other possibilities.‎ G．That means the skill of good decision making counts a lot.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了提高决策技能的四条建议，包括不要求全责备，不要费时思虑太多，不要延误做决定和不要苛求自己。‎ ‎1．G　解析：根据空处所在位置可知，该句承上启下；根据空前一句“Unfortunately, people often find it hard to make decisions.”可知，不幸的是，人们经常发现很难做决定。据此可以推断，做好决定的技能很重要，故G项正确。空处下文中的“your skill of decision making”也是提示。‎ ‎2．F　解析：根据该段小标题Don’t expect to have it all.可知，该段主要论述“不要求全责备”；结合空后的“You can’t order every delicious dish on the menu. And there will be paths not taken, careers not chosen, to name but a few.”可知，做决定迫使我们关上了其他可能性的大门，故F项正确。‎ 9‎ ‎3．A　解析：根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为该段的小标题；结合本段第一、二句“It’s often good to think through your decisions. But don’t overdo it.”可知，该段主要论述“不要费时思虑太多”这一观点，故A项正确。‎ ‎4．E　解析：根据空前的“there is a time to put off making a decision”可知，空处与空前一句和空后一句都为延迟做决定的可能原因，故E项“你可能希望咨询你的顾问”符合语境。‎ ‎5．C　解析：根据该段小标题Don’t be hard on yourself.可知，该段主要论述“不要苛求自己”；结合空后一句“But please remember it is unavoidable sometimes.”可知，请你要记住这有时是不可避免的事情。据此可以推断，空处表示“你可能会后悔做这个愚蠢的决定”，故C项正确。‎ Ⅲ.完形填空 ‎(2020·湖北武昌区调研)Very few of us become fluent in another language by studying it in high school. I made an effort to keep up the little bit of French that I learned in school, but eventually realized that this was __1__. I was well aware that new languages are best learned when __2__， and that our abilities in that regard decline with age. __3__， just before my 50th birthday, I __4__ for French classes.‎ After I was __5__ to see which group I belonged in, I was __6__ at almost the introductory level. I found that it really was true that certain linguistic(语言的) abilities __7__ with age. While I’d always thought of myself as a(n) __8__ learner, that was no longer the case. I absorbed new vocabulary very __9__. What I learned one week ago seemed to __10__ as soon as I learned the next skill.‎ Now, a couple of years later, I can listen to the news in French and __11__ 90 percent of it on the first try and read a novel if it’s not too difficult.‎ Who knows what I might still __12__？‎ I’ve learned so much __13__ grammar and vocabulary. I’ve met people from around the world and all walks of life who have the __14__ to make fools of themselves in order to __15__ something new. I’ve been taught by patient and inspirational teachers from many __16__ of the world, including France, Eastern Europe, the Caribbean and Africa.‎ Listening to the news as it is __17__ to the people of France, I have a renewed __18__ of how something can look completely different from another __19__. I’ve learned that a language is not just a set of words, but a way of __20__. But most of all, I’ve learned that it really is never too late to learn something new.‎ 9‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者学习法语的经历告诉我们要活到老，学到老。‎ ‎1．A.unbelievable　　　　　　　 B．pointless C．unbearable D．valueless B　解析：根据该句“I made an effort to keep up the little bit of French that I learned in school, but eventually realized that this was ______．”以及下文内容可知，“我”想努力保留在学校学的那一点法语，但最终意识到这是无意义的(pointless)，故选B。‎ ‎2．A.energetic B．curious C．young D．old C　解析：根据后半句中的“our abilities in that regard decline with age”并结合常识可知，年轻的时候学习新语言的效果是最好的，故选C。‎ ‎3．A.However B．Therefore C．Besides D．Meanwhile A　解析：根据语境可知，在50岁生日之前，“我”注册(registered)了法语课，并结合上文提到的“年轻的时候学习新语言的效果是最好的”可知，此处表示转折关系，故选A。‎ ‎4．A.sought B．registered C．fought D．prepared B　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎5．A.interviewed B．challenged C．asked D．tested D　解析：根据空后的“to see which group I belonged in”并结合语境可知，经过测试(tested)来看“我”属于哪一个团体之后，“我”被归(placed) 为几乎是初级水平，故选D。‎ ‎6．A.restricted B．withdrawn C．appointed D．placed D　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎7．A.fade B．remain C．disappear D．improve A　解析：根据第一段中的“our abilities in that regard decline with age”并结合常识可推知，某些语言的能力会随着年龄的增加而逐渐消失(fade)，故选A。‎ ‎8．A.autonomous B．average C．quick D．dull C　解析：根据语境可推知，“我”一直认为自己是一个学东西很快的(quick)学习者，‎ 9‎ 但却不再是这样了，故选C。‎ ‎9．A.easily B．slowly C．steadily D．rapidly B　解析：结合语境及上题解析可推知，“我”掌握新词汇的速度很慢(slowly)，故选B。‎ ‎10．A.crowd in B．make sense C．slip away D．build up C　解析：根据语境可知，“我”一学习下一个技能，一个星期前学的就好像消失(slip away)了，故选C。crowd in“涌上(心头)”；make sense“有意义”；build up“(使)扩大”。‎ ‎11．A.catch B．recite C．share D．repeat A　解析：根据语境可推知，“我”第一遍听法语新闻时能够理解(catch)90%的内容。catch“理解”，故选A。‎ ‎12．A.complete B．overlook C．perform D．accomplish D　解析：根据语境可知，谁知道“我”仍可能实现(accomplish)什么呢？故选D。‎ ‎13．A.except B．beyond C．through D．including B　解析：根据下文的内容可知，“我”认为自己学到的不仅仅是法语的语法和词汇，故选B。beyond意为“除……之外”。‎ ‎14．A.confidence B．ability C．patience D．courage D　解析：根据空后的“make fools of themselves in order to ______ something new”可知，此处表示“我”遇到了来自世界各行各业的人，他们为了学(learn)一些新的东西而有勇气(courage)出丑，故选D。‎ ‎15．A.learn B．experience C．explore D．possess A　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎16．A.organizations B．corners C．classes D．races B　解析：根据下文的“including France, Eastern Europe, the Caribbean and Africa”可知，这些老师来自世界的许多地区(corners)。‎ ‎17．A.updated B．spread 9‎ C．presented D．conveyed C　解析：根据语境可知，听着播放给法国人的新闻，“我”有了一个全新的理解，故选C。present“上演，播出”。‎ ‎18．A.understanding B．attitude C．knowledge D．judgment A　解析：根据语境可知，“我”对一些东西是如何从不同角度(angle)看起来完全不同有了全新的理解(understanding)，故选A。‎ ‎19．A.manner B．aspect C．angle D．direction C　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎20．A.studying B．working C．living D．thinking D　解析：根据语境并结合常识可知，一门语言不仅仅是一组单词，也是一种思维(thinking)方式。‎ 9‎