2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit3Computers课后达标检测 人教版必修2 10页

Unit 3 Computers ‎(建议用时：50分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020·桂林、崇左联合模拟)Unless you’re very young or very old, it’s likely you have some kind of relationship with email, whether you get hundreds of messages a day or a few dozen a week. A new study suggests that how we deal with these incoming messages could be affecting our stress levels and overall health.‎ A team from the Future Work Centre in the UK surveyed 2，000 people across various industries, sectors, and job roles, asking participants how they managed their email and how much associated stress they felt as a result. Overall, those who spent the most time organising and staying on top of messages felt the most emailrelated pressure too.‎ ‎“While email can be a valuable communication tool, it’s clear that it’s a source of stress and frustration for many of us. The people who reported it being most useful to them also reported the highest levels of email pressure.” said one of the team, Richard MacKinnon.‎ Two of the habits linked to more emailrelated stress were checking for messages first thing in the morning and last thing at night. Half of those surveyed had push notifications(消息推送) set up for new email, while 62 percent of respondents left their email app open all day and all night. Both were linked to higher levels of email pressure. The survey also found that managers suffered more than nonmanagers.‎ Stress is not just a problem when it comes to our mood—it’s been linked to a lot of disorders such as heart disease, weight gain, memory impairment(减弱), digestive problems, and depression.‎ The researchers suggest that the relationship between emailrelated stress and the negative impact on home life is not the same for everyone.‎ ‎【解题导语】　大部分人会接触到电子邮件，对电子邮件的处理方式会影响我们的压力层级和整体健康。‎ ‎1．What’s the purpose of the study?‎ A．To find out how many people have an email account.‎ 10‎ B．To know what sort of people use email most.‎ C．To find out how email management is related to stress.‎ D．To show what changes email has brought about to people.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“A new study suggests that how we deal with these incoming messages could be affecting our stress levels and overall health.”并结合第三段内容可知，该研究旨在弄清处理电子邮件的方式和压力以及健康的关系，故C项正确。‎ ‎2．What does Richard MacKinnon think of email?‎ A．It brings more strengths.‎ B．It is not an essential tool.‎ C．It is a doubleedged sword.‎ D．It makes people puzzled.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段Richard MacKinnon所说的话“While email can be a valuable communication tool, it’s clear that it’s a source of stress and frustration for many of us. The people who reported it being most useful to them also reported the highest levels of email pressure.”可知，虽然电子邮件是很有用的沟通工具，但又是压力和沮丧的来源；声称电子邮件最有用的人也是承受电子邮件压力最大的人；据此可推知，Richard MacKinnon认为电子邮件是一把双刃剑，故C项正确。‎ ‎3．Which of the following habits causes the most stress?‎ A．Checking email in the morning.‎ B．Checking email in the evening.‎ C．Keeping email app open at work.‎ D．Setting up push notifications for new email.‎ D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Half of those surveyed had push notifications(消息推送) set up for new email, while 62 percent of respondents left their email app open all day and all night. Both were linked to higher levels of email pressure.”可知，一半的受访者设置了新的电子邮件推送通知，62%的受访者让他们的电子邮件应用程序整日整夜都开着，这两种习惯都导致更大的压力，比早晚查看电子邮件导致的压力更大，故D项正确。‎ ‎4．Where does the text most probably come from?‎ A．Science fiction.‎ B．A science report.‎ C．A fashion magazine.‎ D．A book guide.‎ 10‎ B　解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章第一段第二句“A new study suggests that how we deal with these incoming messages could be affecting our stress levels and overall health.”为全文的主题句，据此可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的科学研究：处理电子邮件的方式影响我们的压力层级和整体健康。故本文最有可能选自一篇科学报告。‎ B ‎(2020·石家庄高三模拟)As carmakers push ahead with selfdriving vehicles, an Austrian aerospace company and its Chinese partner showed off their pilotless “flying taxi” for the first time in Europe on Thursday.‎ The drone(无人驾驶飞机) hummed loudly as it rose above the ground at Vienna’s Generali Arena, home to soccer club FK Austria Wien. The slim plane, which weighs 750 pounds, circled in the air briefly and came down within a few minutes.‎ ‎“The EHang 216, which can seat two passengers, has been tested comprehensively and is essentially ready for mass production，” said Derrick Xiong, cofounder of Chinese drone maker EHang. “The drone can fly at up to 150 km per hour for almost half an hour，” FACC AG Chief Executive Officer Robert Machtlinger said. “It can travel between 50 and 70 kilometers depending on the load.” The passenger capsule is small, with leg room that taller passengers might find less than adequate, an Austrian photographer who took part in a demonstration(演示) flight told Reuters.‎ Joining the race for new autonomous aircraft services that do not require runways, EHang entered a strategic partnership last year with Austria’s FACC AG, owned by Chinese aerospace group AVIC, aiming to offer shortdistance services for passengers, industrial equipment and urgent medical deliveries. FACC AG says it has already received several thousand orders for the $336，000 drone, with the highest demand in China. Competitors working toward offering autonomous flying cars early in the next decade range from aerospace company Airbus to Uber and AeroMobil.‎ ‎“Technically...urban mobility, flying without a pilot, is possible. It ’s not a dream，” said Machtlinger. “What is stopping us from going into larger volumes(量) is regulation, ” he added. “A future legal framework for autonomous flying vehicles should regulate communication with other planes and helicopters and provide traffic rules，” he said. “Austria supports international efforts to quickly establish the necessary regulation，” said transport minister Norbert Hofer. He hopes that Austria will be the place where thousands of these air taxis will be built and that very soon we will see a lot of these air taxis in the air. ‎ 10‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了奥地利航空公司和它的中国合作伙伴首次展示的无人驾驶“飞行出租车”的相关情况。‎ ‎5．What stage of development is the EHang 216 at?‎ A．It’s being tested comprehensively.‎ B．It’s ready for mass production.‎ C．It’s ready for demonstration flights.‎ D．It’s being adapted to customer demands.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。本题问的是“EHang 216处于什么发展阶段？”。根据题干中的关键词the EHang 216定位到原文第三段第一句中的“The EHang 216, which can seat two passengers, has been tested comprehensively and is essentially ready for mass production”可知，正确答案为B。‎ ‎6．What do we know about the EHang 216?‎ A．Its maximum load is 750 pounds.‎ B．It can carry two passengers.‎ C．It can fly for almost an hour.‎ D．It can travel over 70 kilometers.‎ B　解析：细节理解题。本题问的是“关于EHang 216 我们知道什么？”。由此可定位到原文第三段第一句中的“The EHang 216, which can seat two passengers”可知，正确答案为B。飞机本身重750磅，而不是飞机最大装载量是750磅，故A项错误；该飞机以每小时最多150千米的速度可以飞行大约半小时而非1个小时，故C项错误；该飞机根据装载量可以在50千米到70千米之间飞行，故D项错误。‎ ‎7．What is a big barrier to a wider use of flying taxis?‎ A．Technical problems.‎ B．Objection of the government.‎ C．Lack of related rules.‎ D．Competition between aerospace companies.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。本题问的是“对于更广泛地使用飞行出租车的一个大的障碍是什么？”。根据题干中的关键词a big barrier定位到原文最后一段中的“What is stopping us from going into larger volumes(量) is regulation”可知，C项“Lack of related rules”的信息与此对应，由此可知正确答案为C。‎ ‎【技巧点拨】　 间接类事实细节题考法　该类试题的选项不出现原文的直接信息，而是借助同义转换、概念解析、归纳事实等方法对原文信息进行适当变换。如本题文章中指出“飞行出租车”的一个大障碍是规则，即缺乏相关的规定。‎ ‎8．How does the author introduce the EHang 216?‎ 10‎ A．By comparing it with similar products.‎ B．By explaining how it works.‎ C．By providing specific data of it.‎ D．By demonstrating its multifunctions.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。本题问的是“作者是如何介绍EHang 216的？”。根据文中第三段的内容可知，作者是通过提供具体的载客量和飞行的具体距离和所需时长等数据来介绍EHang 216的，由此可知正确答案为C。‎ ‎【难句分析】　The passenger capsule is small, with leg room that taller passengers might find less than adequate, an Austrian photographer who took part in a demonstration(演示) flight told Reuters.‎ 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。that引导定语从句，先行词是leg room; who引导定语从句，先行词是an Austrian photographer。‎ 译文：乘客舱非常小，个子高的乘客可能会发现上面带有的供腿脚活动的空间不太充足，一位参加了一次飞行演示的奥地利摄影师告诉路透社。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2020·辽宁五校联考)Two years ago, my friend and I were at college. With his birthday quickly __1__， he came to me with an unusual __2__： instead of receiving presents, he wanted to do some acts of kindness.‎ I was __3__ with such an idea. __4__ instead of taking for the birthday was really different. I asked him how he could come up with such a __5__ idea. He told me about a TED talk he had watched on generosity, which had __6__ him. So we started to __7__ creative things we could do.‎ Our university employed some security guards to __8__ its students. They have to work __9__， keeping watch on every corner throughout the university. For the most part it’s a thankless job as most people grow __10__ to seeing the guards all around and eventually __11__ notice their presence, let alone acknowledging their efforts. How could we show them our appreciation?‎ We decided to make a large pot of hot __12__. We hired a car and asked the driver to take us around the campus where we knew the __13__ would be and we poured them each a cup of hot chocolate. The driver was __14__ a bit doubtful about the entire plan but after a while he was helping us __15__ the guards and our lively spirit had __16__ to him as well. We met with many __17__ and appreciative words. It was amazing to see how a __18__ act or even an intention of generosity can lift everyone’s spirit.‎ 10‎ I now realize that special energy is created when you choose to think bigger than yourself and act in __19__ of others. You’ll find it’s actually the greatest __20__ you’ve never got, especially when it’s your birthday.‎ ‎【解题导语】　两年前，“我”和朋友在读大学的时候，朋友想在生日那天不收生日礼物，而是去做一些善事。后来，“我们”决定为学校的保安人员提供热巧克力。于是在租车司机的帮助下，“我们”给他们送去了慰问，并受到他们的称赞，“我们”的精神也感染了租车司机。通过这次经历“我”意识到服务他人能产生特殊的能量。‎ ‎1．A.ending　　　　　　　　 B．passing C．advancing D．approaching D　解析：根据下文的“receiving presents”可推知，朋友的生日临近。故选D。‎ ‎2．A.order B．request C．problem D．story B　解析：根据语境可知，因为朋友的生日要到了，他向“我”提出了一个不同寻常的请求。故选B。‎ ‎3．A.struck B．blessed C．burdened D．bored A　解析：朋友过生日不想收礼物而想去做善事，所以“我”被他的想法所打动。be struck by/on/with sb./sth.意为“被某人(或某物)打动”，为固定用法，故选A。‎ ‎4．A.Refusing B．Earning C．Giving D．Donating C　解析：根据空后的“instead of taking”并结合上文提到的朋友想在生日当天做善事可知，此处表示在生日时不是想获取而是要给予。故选C。‎ ‎5．A.complex B．novel C．familiar D．traditional B　解析：根据上文中的“really different”可知，“我”对他的想法感到非常意外，因此“我”问他是怎样想到一个这么新奇的(novel)点子的。‎ ‎6．A.controlled B．supported C．inspired D．rewarded C　解析：根据该句中的“a TED talk he had watched on generosity”并结合上文“我”问他怎样想到这个点子的可知，此处表示这个有关慷慨的TED演讲启发了(inspired)他。‎ ‎7．A.plan out B．take over C．watch for D．hold back A　解析：根据文章第三段对“我们”的计划的叙述可知，这里表示“我们”开始筹划有创造性的事情。A项意为“筹划”，‎ 10‎ 故选A。B项意为“接管”；C项意为“观察”；D项意为“阻挡，抑制”。‎ ‎8．A.judge B．help C．monitor D．protect D　解析：根据空前的“security guards”并结合常识可知，学校雇保安人员是为了保护学生。‎ ‎9．A.step by step B．around the clock C．more or less D．now and then B　解析：根据空后的“keeping watch on every corner throughout the university”并结合常识可知，校园的保安人员夜以继日地维护学校的安全。B项意为“夜以继日地”，故选B。A项意为“一步一步地”；C项意为“或多或少”；D项意为“有时”。‎ ‎10．A.addicted B．devoted C．attached D．accustomed D　解析：根据上文中的“it’s a thankless job”及下文中的“let alone acknowledging their efforts”可知，通常这是一份受累不讨好的工作，因为保安人员在校园到处可以见到，大多数人对他们的存在变得习以为常，最终几乎注意不到他们的存在，更不用说去感谢他们的付出。grow accustomed to意为“习惯于……”，故选D。addicted“沉迷的”；devoted“全心全意的”；attached“依恋，附属于”。‎ ‎11．A.barely B．just C．always D．generally A　解析：参见上题解析。barely意为“几乎没有”。‎ ‎12．A.tea B．milk C．porridge D．chocolate D　解析：根据下文的“we poured them each a cup of hot chocolate”可知，这里表示“我们”决定制作一大壶热巧克力。故选D。‎ ‎13．A.workers B．students C．guards D．drivers C　解析：根据下文的“the guards”可知，“我们”租了一辆车，让司机带“我们”到校园里可以遇到保安人员的地方。故选C。‎ ‎14．A.finally B．initially C．occasionally D．frequently B　解析：根据该句中的“after a while he was helping us”可知，刚开始的时候，司机对“我们”的整个计划有些怀疑。B项意为“最初”，故选B。‎ ‎15．A.remind B．track C．spot D．recognize 10‎ C　解析：根据上文“我们”寻找保安人员可知，司机后来也帮助“我们”寻找保安人员。spot意为“发现”，故选C。‎ ‎16．A.spread B．moved C．happened D．returned A　解析：根据上文司机也开始帮助“我们”寻找保安人员可知，“我们”的精神传递到了司机那里。故选A。‎ ‎17．A.friends B．difficulties C．greetings D．smiles D　解析：根据空后的“appreciative words”可推知，很多人朝“我们”微笑，并夸赞“我们”。故选D。‎ ‎18．A.similar B．small C．daily D．modest B　解析：根据该句中的“amazing”“even an intention of generosity”可推知，给保安人员送热巧克力这一小小的行为，或者即使是一种慷慨的意图，就可以让人精神振奋，这让“我们”惊讶不已。故选B。‎ ‎19．A.service B．place C．charge D．memory A　解析：根据文章第二至第四段所描述的“我们”为保安人员送热巧克力的经过可知，“我”现在意识到，当你思考的范围不只局限于自身，并且选择为他人服务的时候，一种特殊的能量就产生了。故选A。‎ ‎20．A.lesson B．attention C．gift D．care C　解析：根据该句中的“when it’s your birthday”并结合第一段叙述的朋友过生日不要生日礼物而想做善事可知，为他人服务所产生的能量实际上是你之前从未得到的最好的礼物。故选C。‎ Ⅲ.书面表达 ‎(2020·昆明高考模拟)假定你是李华，你的英国网友Tom对你校的校园文化比较感兴趣，请你给他写一封电子邮件，推荐他关注你校的微信公众号(WeChat Official Account)，内容包括：‎ ‎ 1.推荐理由；‎ ‎ 2.内容简介(校园新闻、学生活动、特色课程等)。‎ 注意：1．词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 10‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Dear Tom，‎ I am glad you are interested in our school culture. I want to recommend the school WeChat Official Account to you.‎ ‎①Our WeChat is a timely and convenient way to know about our school culture.②The contents of it vary from weekly news to students’ activities, as well as special courses.③The news updated weekly can keep you track the current affairs, making it possible for you to learn about what’s going on in our school. Besides, the colorful students’ activities issued through our WeChat has gained great popularity. Furthermore，special courses including art, calligraphy etc. are introduced to show the characteristics of our school.‎ If you’d like to follow our WeChat, you would have a better understanding of our school culture.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎【一句多译】　‎ ‎①It is timely and convenient to use our WeChat to know about our school culture.‎ ‎②There are various contents there, including weekly news, students’ activities, as well as special courses.‎ ‎③The news is updated weekly and can keep you track the current affairs, which makes it possible for you to learn about what’s going on in our school.‎ 10‎ 10‎