黑龙江省大庆第一中学2020届高三第三次模拟考试英语试题 Word版含解析 27页

- 1 - 大庆一中高三年级英语测试 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共 150 分。考试时间 120 分钟。 2．请将第Ⅰ卷的答案填涂在答题卡上；第Ⅱ卷非选择题部分的答案必须使用 0.5 毫米黑色签 字笔书写在答题卷上，字体工整、笔迹清楚。 第 I卷（三部分共 115 分） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 5题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标 在试卷的相应位置.听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题. 每段对话仅读一遍. 1. What does the man prefer to do? A. Open a new bank account. B. Do shopping online. C. Pay in cash. 2. Where is Lily? A. In the garden. B. In her room. C. In the school 3. Why does the man look so sad? A. He got sick. B. He stayed up late. C. He missed a movie. 4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Friends. C. Sister and brother. 5. Why does the man talk with the woman? A.To say goodbye. B. To make an apology. C. To make friends. 第二节(共 15 小题,每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有几个小题， 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前， 你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段 对话读两遍。 听第 6 段材料,回答第 6 至 7 题。 6. What did the woman do last night？ A. She attended a meeting. B. She went shopping. C. She joined a club. 7. What problem does the club face? A. A lack of money. B. Poor meeting service. C. No room for the new furniture. - 2 - 听第 7 段材料,回答第 8 至 9 题。 8. What is the man’s plan for the summer vacation? A. Finding a part-time job. B. Staying with his brother. C. Visiting his parents. 9. Where will the woman spend her summer vacation？ A. In New York. B. In Beijing. C. In Los Angeles. 听第 8 段材料,回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Salesman and customer. B. Boss and employee. C. Colleagues. 11. What does the man think of the woman’s coat? A. Very nice. B. Too short. C. Quite expensive. 12. What color is the woman’s coat? A. Green. B. Red. C. Blue. 听第 9 段材料,回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. Where does the conversation take place? A. In the office. B. On the phone. C. At the school. 14. Why does the woman put off her meeting? 15. How does the woman probably sound? A. Excited. B. Calm. C. Worried. 16. What does the man ask the woman to do? A. Make another appointment. B. Wait for his message. C. Called her daughter first. 听第 10 段材料,回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To announce some changes. B. To apologize for an accident. C. To inform passengers of departure. 18. When will the train to Bristol leave? A. At 10:15 am. B. At 10:55 am. C. At 12:20 pm. 19. What are the passengers advised to do for more information? - 3 - A. Go to the manager’s office. B. Check out the website. C. Call the train station. 20. What do we know about Mr. Green? A. He is traveling to London.B. He works in the luggage office. C. He lost his computer at the railway station. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节 20 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将 该选项涂黑． A Most Visited European Destinations for Chinese Tourists Bicester Village According to a 2019 Visit Britain report, over 275,000 Chinese tourists visit the UK every year. And where do they go? It claimed that “they are mostly interested in symbolic elements: the Royal Family, Shakespeare, Sherlock Holmes, Harry Potter and Downton Abbey”. Then there’s the shopping. Bicester Village, a vast retail estate on the outskirts of the Oxfordshire town, is the second most visited UK attraction for Chinese tourists after Buckingham Palace, and three in four Chinese visitors head there. King’s College, Cambridge A famous tree, for Chinese people at least, can be found in King’s College, Cambridge. The willow(柳树), regarded to be a holy thing to lost youth, is mentioned in a much-loved poem by Xu Zhimo, who spent a year studying at King’s College - Taking Leave of Cambridge Again. Bonn The former West German capital is another popular port of call. Chinese love classical music, particularly Beethoven, making his birthplace an obvious highlight of any trip to Europe. The city’s tourist board offers maps in three foreign languages: English, Chinese and Japanese. Verona - 4 - Both British and Chinese travelers flock to Venice, Rome and Florence, but Verona typically appears higher on the wish lists of China’s tourists. That’s because of the country’s adoration of Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet. The play is popular on UK shores, of course, but the love is doubled in China as it was among the first of the Shakespeare’s works to be translated into Chinese Mandarin. Its plot bears a striking resemblance(相似之处) to a famous Chinese folk tale, The Butterfly Lovers. Expect to see queues at the popular House of Juliet on Via Cappello (a statue of the character stands beneath her balcony). 1. Which is most visited destination for Chinese tourists? A. Bicester Village. B. Buckingham Palace. C. King’s College. D. Cambridge. 2. Which place are the Chinese music fans likely to go? A. Bicester Village. B. King’s College, Cambridge. C. Bonn. D. Verona. 3. Which are adored by Chinese tourists who love literature? A. Bicester Village and Bonn. B. Bicester Village and King’s College, Cambridge. C. Verona and Bonn. D. King’s College, Cambridge and Verona. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个中国游客前往最多的欧洲目的地。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中 Bicester Village, a vast retail estate on the outskirts of the Oxfordshire town, is the second most visited UK attraction for Chinese tourists after Buckingham Palace, and three in four Chinese visitors head there.可知牛津郡 郊区的大型零售地产 Bicester 村是中国游客到访次数第二多的英国景点，仅次于白金汉宫， 四分之三的中国游客前往那里。由此可知，中国游客最常去的旅游目的地是白金汉宫。故选 B。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 Chinese love classical music, particularly Beethoven, - 5 - making his birthplace an obvious highlight of any trip to Europe.可知中国人热爱古 典音乐，尤其是贝多芬，这使得贝多芬的出生地成为欧洲之旅的一大亮点。由此可知，中国 乐迷最可能去的地方是 Bonn。故选 C。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中 The willow(柳树), regarded to be a holy thing to lost youth, is mentioned in a much-loved poem by Xu Zhimo, who spent a year studying at King’s College - Taking Leave of Cambridge Again.可知这棵柳树被认为是逝去的青春的圣物， 在徐志摩的一首备受喜爱的诗中提到过。徐志摩曾在国王学院学习一年，又离开了剑桥。由 此可知，King’s College, Cambridge and Verona 会受到喜爱文学作品的中国游客的喜爱。 故选 D。 B I have had so many fantastic holidays, but my favorite memory is that of a few summer weeks spent in Italy when I was about 13. My mom had to go to a clinic there for treatment, and we all went together as a family and took the opportunity to have a beautiful vacation as well. It was my first time to be abroad and it was a vacation that broadened my perspectives, taught me a lot, and helped shape a bit of who I am today. Although we did visit many famous places in northern Italy, we stayed mostly in a little town where some friends of my parents lived. Nothing helped me understand Italian culture better than my stay in this magical town that many haven’t even heard of. Thanks to the holiday spent in Italy, I, quite a shallow girl, also discovered my passion for music, which stayed alive in me to this day and will probably stay forever. My parents’ friends had a son, Ricardo, who was a pianist. Dad had repeatedly but uselessly tried to make me study an instrument and stick to it. However, when I heard Ricardo play, I instantly lost my heart to music and felt a great desire to learn it. Ricardo taught me the first song I ever played on the piano, a silly, playful little time tune that I still know by heart. We took a short trip to the Italian Alps at some points. I had never seen such majestic beauty before! The snow-capped peaks, the rocks, the fresh, harsh air - what - 6 - an experience! And what I remember impressed me the most was the fact that, although this was a popular touristic area, the region was incredibly clean, still “natural”, with places that seemed to never have been touched by humans. Then, the shallow teen learned what a real treasure nature is and how important it is to protect it. 4. What was the main reason for the author and her family to go to Italy? A. To cure her mother of her illness. B. To experience a wonderful vocation. C. To broaden and shape the author’s view. D. To keep her mother company. 5. What was the main factor contributing to the author’s enthusiasm for music? A. Her father’s guidance. B. Ricardo’s performance. C. Her friendship with Ricardo. D. The first song she played on the piano. 6. What did the author learn after the trip to Alps? A. Persistence in her passion for music. B. Enjoyment of the beauty of nature. C. Getting rid of her shallowness. D. Valuing and preserving the environment. 7. What would be the best title of the text? A. My Favorite Holiday Memory. B. A Trip Shaping My Personality. C. Lessons from a Trip to Italy. D. My Love for Music and Nature. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. A 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者及全家的意大利之行的收获。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 I've had many wonderful holidays，but my favorite memory is - 7 - that of a few summer weeks spent in Italy when I was about 13.My mom had to go to a clinic there for treatment，and we all went together as a family and took the opportunity to have a beautiful vacation as well. 我度过了许多美好的假期，但我最 喜欢的记忆是 13 岁那年在意大利度过的几个夏天。我妈妈不得不去那里的诊所治疗，我们全 家一起去了那里，也利用这个机会度过了一个美好的假期。由此可知，作者和家人去意大利 的主要目的是为妈妈治病。故选 A。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句 However，when I heard Ricardo play，I instantly fell in love with music and felt a great desire to learn it. 然而，当我听到里卡多演奏 的时候，我立刻爱上了音乐，并产生了学习音乐的强烈愿望。由此可知，当作者听了 Ricardo 的演奏时，作者立刻喜欢上了音乐。故选 B。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句话 Then，the shallow teen that I was learned what a real treasure nature is and how important it is to protect it.知识浅薄的我知道了 大自然是多么宝贵，保护大自然是多么重要。故作者的阿尔卑斯山之行让作者学会了珍惜和 保护大自然。故选 D。 【7 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句 I've had many wonderful holidays, but my favorite memory is that of a few summer weeks spent in Italy when I was about 13 我度过了许多美好 的假期，但我最喜欢的记忆是 13 岁那年在意大利度过的几周时间。以及全文可知，作者描述 全家在意大利的经历。由此可知，A项（My Favorite Holiday Memory）我最喜欢的假日记忆， 作为题目，最为贴切。故选 A。 C The 5-year-old mountain lion, P-45, has managed to cross busy roads safely, has avoided rat poison and has successfully claimed his territory (领地) under all challenges that have hindered other members of the mountain lion population in the Santa Monica Mountain. His deadly mistake, however, was doing what mountain lions naturally do so well: killing and eating. Over the weekend, P-45 apparently broke into two farms, killing 10 alpacas(羊 驼) at one property and a goat and an alpaca at the other. P-45 was identified as - 8 - the criminal by a tracking device he wears. It’s illegal to hunt mountain lions in California thanks to 1990’s Proposition 117, but the rule included an exception for residents whose livestock is killed by a lion. And on Nov. 28, the owner of the 10 dead alpacas requested and received a special “depredation permit” (掠夺许可)to hire a hunter to kill P-45. The 10-day permit allows the hunter to cover a 10-mile range around the farm in search of the lion. Hunters often attract the lion with a deer. The farmer owner is within her legal rights to have the lion killed. But killing P-45 is not the answer, especially when he is one of the few adult male mountain lions in an isolated population that is at risk of extinction. Of course, people should be allowed to protect themselves and their children if a mountain lion attacks. But the law that allows the issuance of the depredation permit essentially gives the livestock owner the right to decide whether the lion should live or die. There is no evaluation by wildlife official as to whether the lion poses a further threat to humans or animals. Los Angeles residents are lucky to live near wild, open spaces large enough to sustain mountain lions. Surely there is a better way to manage the conflicts that arise when humans and their domestic animals move into areas that have long served as habitat for wildlife. 8. What does the underlined word “hindered” refer to in the first paragraph? A. blocked. B. killed. C. protected. D. surrounded. 9. What can we infer from the third paragraph? A. Lions feed only on deer. B. P-45 will be killed on Nov. 28. C. P-45 will be found10 miles around the farm in 10 days. D. Lions in California can not be hunted at will. 10. What will probably be the result if P-45 is killed? A. Residents can live with lions peacefully. B. The mountain lion’s situation will probably be worsened. - 9 - C. The conflict between man and lions can be solved. D. Lions will not be a further threat to humans or animals. 11. What’s the author’s attitude towards the “depredation permit”? A. Objective. B. Supportive. C. Opposed. D. Uninterested. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了一只名叫 P-45 的美洲狮越过重重困难，在圣塔莫尼卡山生 存下来，闯进农场，杀死羊驼等劣迹使得 10 只羊驼的主人不得不申请掠夺许可而引发了作者 的议论，因为在作者看来，有比猎杀更好的方法来处理冲突。 【8 题详解】 词义猜测题。分析可知，划线单词所在句“that have hindered other members of the mountain lion population in the Santa Monica Mountain”为之前名词 all the challenges 的定语 从句，根据先行词 challenges 的含义为“困难；挑战”，且结合前文内容“busy roads(交 通繁重的道路)”“rat poison(杀鼠剂，老鼠药)”可知，这些应是美洲狮的在圣塔莫尼卡山 生存的困难所在，这些困难妨碍了圣塔莫尼卡山的其他美洲狮的生存，但却没有妨碍到 P-45。 因此可知，划线单词“hindered”应有“阻碍/妨碍”含义，与选项 A. blocked(阻碍)含义相 同。故选 A 项。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段首句内容“It’s illegal to hunt mountain lions in California thanks to 1990’s Proposition 117”可知，根据 1990 年的 117 号提案，在加 州捕猎美洲狮是违法的。选项 D“Lions in California can not be hunted at will.( 加利 福尼亚的狮子是不能随意被猎捕的。)”与原文表达含义一致。故选 D项。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中第四段内容“…especially when he is one of the few adult male mountain lions in an isolated population that is at risk of extinction.”可知，P-45 是这个濒临灭绝的孤立群体中为数不多的成年雄性美洲狮之一，因此可推知，如果它被猎杀， 将会使该种群缺少成年雄性美洲狮而出现繁衍危机，而使得美洲狮种群在生存方面更加糟糕。 选项 B“The mountain lion’s situation will probably be worsened.( 美洲狮的处境可 - 10 - 能会更糟。)”为依据原文的合理推断。故选 B项。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章末尾句内容“Surely there is a better way to manage the conflicts that arise when humans and their domestic animals move into areas that have long served as habitat for wildlife.( 当人类和他们的家畜迁入长期以来一直是野生动物栖息地的地 区时，肯定有更好的方法来处理这些冲突。)”可知，在作者看来，有比猎杀更好的方法来处 理冲突，因此可推知，对于“depredation permit (掠夺许可)”，作者是反对的。故选 C 项。 【点睛】态度及观点推断题：高考阅读测试中有些是考查考生对作者的主导思想、被描写人 物语气、言谈话语中流露的情绪、性格倾向和作者或文中人物态度、观点等方面的理解题。 做这一类题时一定要注意：由表及里的准确把握字里行间的意思，切勿用自己的主观想法或 观点代替作者的思想观点；特别注意那些描写环境气氛的语言，以及表达感情、态度观点的 词语。要特别注意作者在文章中的措词，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词；能结合自己平时积 累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等背景知识来识别评价。比如文章的第 4 小题： 4. What’s the author’s attitude towards the “depredation permit”? A. Objective. B. Supportive. C. Opposed. D. Uninterested. 通过题干内容可知，本题推理判断作者的态度。结合文章体裁为议论文，文末一般能够较明 确突出作者的态度，因此定位文章末尾句内容“Surely there is a better way to manage the conflicts that arise when humans and their domestic animals move into areas that have long served as habitat for wildlife.”，分析本句可知，作者使用了表达感情态度的词 语“better”，说明作者认为有比猎杀更好的方法来处理冲突。因此可推知，对于“猎杀”， 作者是反对的。因此答案为 C 项。 D Blind imitation is self-destruction. To those who do not recognize their unique worth, imitation appears attractive; to those who know their strength, imitation is unacceptable. In the early stages of skill or character development, imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook, I used recipes and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. Why follow someone else’s way of cooking when I could create my own? Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle; they help - 11 - you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them. In daily life, imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously hold poor role models. If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others. In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors. Blessed is the person willing to act on their sudden desire to create something unique. Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected you most deeply. They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation. The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them. Creative people have an endless resource of ideas. The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with all the material knocking at the door of imagination. Study your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not serve you. Then you can say, “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors’ tragedies and declare victory, and know that they are cheering me on.” 12. To avoid the bad result of imitation, we should _______. A. stay away from stars B. forget daily fear and pain C. choose the right example D. ask others for decisions 13. According to the author, the world moves on because of those who are _______. A. desperate to influence others with their knowledge B. eager to discover what their ancestors did C. willing to accept others’ ideas D. ready to turn their original ideas into reality 14. The trouble a creator faces is _______. A. how to use imagination creatively B. the lack of strong motivation - 12 - C. how to search for more materials D. the absence of practical ideas 15. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A. To compare imitation with creation. B. To highlight the importance of creativity. C. To criticize the characters of role models. D. To explain the meaning of success. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B 【解析】 这是一篇议论文。作者认为盲目模仿是自我毁坏，幸运垂青那些乐于把自己的新奇想法付诸 实践的人们，世界的发展更是需要这些有创造力的人。 【12 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中 In daily life, imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously hold poor role models.可知在日常生活中，如果我们下意识地树立不良榜样，模仿会伤害 我们。根据第四段. If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.如果你要追随某人，关注他们的才能，而不是 他们的坏品格或不可接受的行为。由此判断出，为了避免模仿的不良后果，我们应该选择正 确的榜样。故选 C。 【13 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中 The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them.Creative people have an endless resource of ideas.可知改变世界的不是那些做了他们之前所做的事的人， 而是那些做了他们内心所做的事的人。有创造力的人有无穷无尽的想法。由此判断出，作者 认为世界因为那些准备把他们的原始想法变成现实的人而不断前进。故选 D。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with all the material knocking at the door of imagination.可知创 作者面临的问题不是材料用光，而是如何处理所有敲开想象之门的材料。此处“材料”指的 是创造者具备的想象力，由此可知，创造者面临的难题是如何创造性地运用想象力。故选 A。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中 Blessed is the person willing to act on their sudden desire to create something unique. Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends - 13 - that have affected you most deeply.可知有福的人是愿意按照他们突然产生的渴望去创造 一些独特的东西的人。想想那些对你影响最深的电影、书籍、老师和朋友。结合文章说明了 作者认为盲目模仿是自我毁坏，幸运垂青那些乐于把自己的新奇想法付诸实践的人们，世界 的发展更是需要这些有创造力的人。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是强调创造力的重 要性。故选 B。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It’s 2020. I mean, it’s high time we should think over saving seriously. Despite your own ways to deal with money, ___16___ Take the priority principle Instead of saving here and there, take the priority principle to saving money. Basically you need to rank your expenses, ___17___ ___18___ To make dealing with money more targeted for you, choose a personal finance book. I recommend Ramit Sethi’s I Will Teach You to Be Rich($14). It’s a good book for those in their 20s because it picks out practical personal finance advice in a fun and easy read. Let technology aid you Use web tools to make it easier to manage your money. There are free site that lets you to view all of your accounts in one place and provides tools that help determine where it would be easiest to cut spending. ___19___There are even apps that will save you money on gas and let you text for free. Automating(自动的) ___20___It’s generally better than relying on your random decision. If you’re already automating, try to increase the amount by five percent every year. A. then make a plan to save the biggest expenses first B. Consider downloading apps that will help you save C. here are still several saving tips that help you grow your money D. Learn financial management E. so we can choose the best from them - 14 - F. You need to learn good money habits as soon as you have money of your own through work G. The best way to make sure you’re saving enough is to automatically put a part of your money into your savings and retirement accounts every month 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. G 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些可以省钱的小窍门。 【16 题详解】 本句为本段最后一句，结合后文主要列举了一些省钱的窍门，故 C 选项“这里还有一些省钱 的小窍门，可以帮助你增加你的钱”符合上下文语境，故选 C。 【17 题详解】 结合上文 Instead of saving here and there, take the priority principle to saving money. Basically you need to rank your expenses,可知不要到处存钱，采取存钱的优先原则。基 本上，你需要对你的支出进行排序。由此可知，本句承接上文说明，对排序好的支出制定计 划，然后先节省最大的开支，做到采取存钱的优先原则。故 A 选项“然后先制定一个节省最 大开支的计划”符合上下文语境，故选 A。 【18 题详解】 根据后文 To make dealing with money more targeted for you, choose a personal finance book.可知为了让你更有针对性地理财，选择一本个人理财书籍。由此可知，本段是在说明通 过阅读书籍来学习财务管理。故 D 选项“学习财务管理”符合上下文语境，故选 D。 【19 题详解】 根据后文 There are even apps that will save you money on gas and let you text for free. 可知甚至还有应用程序可以帮你省下油钱，还能让你免费发短信。由此可知，本句是在建议 可以下载一些有助于省钱的应用程序。故 B 选项“考虑下载一些能帮你省钱的应用程序”符 合上下文语境，故选 B。 【20 题详解】 根据本段小标题 Automating(自动化)以及后文 It’s generally better than relying on your random decision. If you’re already automating, try to increase the amount by five percent every year.可知这通常比依赖你的随机决定要好。如果你已经开始自动存钱，试着 每年增加 5%的数量。由此可知，本段建议的是每月自动将一部分钱存入账户的办法来省钱。 - 15 - 标题 Automating 可对应到 G 选项中 automatically，表示“自动地”，故 G 选项“确保你存 够钱的最好方法是每个月自动把一部分钱存入你的储蓄账户和退休账户”符合上下文语境， 故选 G。 第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节完型填空（共 20 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Madagascar was not the paradise(天堂) I expected. A reporter and I were ___21___ there to find out who was helping with drought relief and the prevention of famine (饥荒). After a three-hour ride in a van, we ___22___ in the small town of Ambovombe. Peter immediately ___23___ over to the hospital to speak with a local doctor on our topics of interest. Since I didn’t need to photograph the background ___24___ with the doctor, I wandered out to the road. I raised my ___25___ to get some pictures before the sun went down. I’ve ___26___ been to Madagascar before, and until you’ve actually photographed in a place, you don’t know how people will ___27___ to the camera. I photographed a handsome man who was ___28___ a wall in the golden light of dusk. No reaction. I took a breath. After a while, everyone within a 20-yard radius (半 径范围) had ___29___ me. Some called out to each other, playfully teasing those I’d _____30_____ . Soon after, a mother encouraged me to photograph her young children. I _____31_____ a moment. They were dressed in _____32_____ clothes. One of them may not have even had any pants on—not because her parents were neglectful, but because they couldn’t _____33_____ them. Their mother really _____34_____ me to photograph them. This happens everywhere I go. Parents, _____35_____ of their children, ask me to take a photo. I’d taken this photo of cute smiling children over and over. I don’t usually save _____36_____, but I saved this one. Why? The children’s _____37_____. It’s something so powerful yet so - 16 - _____38_____ that we sometimes miss it. This mom, despite all the _____39_____ obvious to an outsider’s eyes, found in her children something she wanted a photograph to remember. That’s because she saw a(n) _____40_____ picture: She saw them with a mother’s heart. As should we all. 21. A. expected B. assigned C. allowed D. persuaded 22. A. arrived B. explored C. searched D. camped 23. A. took B. thought C. headed D. put 24. A. discussion B. interview C. program D. practice 25. A. paper B. hand C. head D. camera 26. A. just B. ever C. never D. already 27. A. respond B. adapt C. return D. contribute 28. A. coming out B. standing up C. wandering out D. leaning against 29. A. caught B. noticed C. found D. suspected 30. A. helped with B. stared at C. referred to D. focused on 31. A. watched B. regretted C. hesitated D. choked 32. A. fancy B. funny C. dirty D. casual 33. A. buy B. afford C. choose D. bring 34. A. wanted B. informed C. demanded D. urged 35. A. afraid B. sure C. aware D. proud 36. A. images B. cards C. gifts D. words 37. A. smile B. kindness C. mother D. expectation 38. A. emotional B. changeable C. sensitive D. common 39. A. adventures B. disadvantages C. curiosity D. support 40. A. different B. natural C. broad D. warm - 17 - 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. A 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了身为摄影师的作者被派往马达加斯加的一个小镇上工作，在那 里遇到了一位母亲，尽管她的孩子衣衫褴褛，她却执意要作者帮他们拍照留念，作者由此感 悟出了母爱的伟大。 【21 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和一个记者被派到那里去调查谁在帮助抗旱和预防饥荒。A. expected 期待；B. assigned 委派；C. allowed 允许；D. persuaded 劝说。根据“find out who was helping with drought relief and the prevention of famine (饥荒).”可知， 作者是被派遣去做调查，be assigned to 意为“被指派……”，符合要求。故选 B项。 【22 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个小时的车程后，我们到达了 Ambovombe 的一个小镇上。A. arrived 到达；B. explored 探索；C. searched 寻找；D. camped 露营。根据后文 in the small town of Ambovombe 可知作者一行经过漫长车程到达了到达了 Ambovombe 的一个小镇上。故选 A。 【23 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Peter 马上前往医院与一位当地的医生对话。A. took 带走；B. thought 认为；C. headed 前往；D. put 放置。结合后文 over to the hospital 可知 Peter 马上前往医院。短语 head over“前往”。故选 C。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我不需要拍摄与医生的采访，所以我在路上闲逛。A. discussion 讨论；B. interview 采访，面试；C. program 节目；D. practice 实践。与上一句的 speak with 对应，这里指身为记者去采访当地的医生。故选 B。 【25 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我拿起相机想要在太阳落山前拍一些照片。A. paper 纸张；B. hand 手；C. head 头；D. camera 相机。与作者 photograph 的动作对应，且目的是要 to get some images“获得一些图像”可知，是要拿起相机拍照。故选 D。 【26 题详解】 - 18 - 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我以前从未来过马达加斯加。A. just 刚刚；B. seldom 很少；C. never 从不；D. already 已经。结合后文 until you’ve actually photographed in a place 提到“直到你真的在一个地方拍摄，你才会知道人们会对镜头有什么反应”，说明以前作者 是没来过这里的。故选 C。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到你真的在一个地方拍摄，你才会知道人们会对镜头有什么反 应。A. respond 反应；B. adapt 适应；C. return 返回；D. contribute 贡献。下一段描写 的是人们对于相机感到新鲜，这里应该指不知道人们对相机会是什么反应。故选 A。 【28 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我拍了一名帅气的男子，他斜靠在墙上，沐浴在黄昏金色的阳光 里。A. coming out 出版；B. standing up 站起来；C. wandering out 漫步出去；D. leaning against（背）靠着，斜靠。根据后文 a wall 可知这名男子斜靠在墙上。故选 D。 【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，方圆 20 码的所有人都注意到了我。A. caught 抓住； B. noticed 注意；C. found 找到；D. suspected 怀疑。从前一句的 No reaction“没有反应” 到后来 called out each other“互相喊叫”，显然我拍摄的行为已经引起了众人的注意。故 选 B。 【30 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：有些人互相喊叫着，玩笑似地逗弄那些我聚焦着的人。A. helped with 帮助；B. stared at 盯着；C. referred to 提到；D. focused on 聚焦。从先前的没有 反应到现在众人注意，作者拍摄的焦点一定也会成为大家关注的对象，所以大家都逗弄那些 作者聚焦着的人。故选 D。 【31 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我犹豫了一下。A. watched 观看；B. regretted 后悔；C. hesitated 犹豫；D. choked 噎住。一位母亲让我给她的孩子拍照，而从下文中作者对这家人的观察、甚 至有人没裤子可穿来看，作者有所犹豫。故选 C 【32 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们穿着脏兮兮的衣服。A. fancy 精致的；B. funny 有趣的； C. dirty 肮脏的；D. casual 随意的。下一句中甚至有人没裤子可穿，显然这家人是比较贫 穷的，衣服自然也是脏兮兮的。故选 C。 - 19 - 【33 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一个人可能连裤子都没有穿——不是因为她的父母疏忽大意， 而是因为他们买不起裤子。A. buy 购买；B. afford 负担得起，买得起；C. choose 选择；D. bring 带来。结合上文 not because her parents were neglectful, but because they couldn’t 可知既然并非父母不重视，只能是因为经济条件不支持了，也就是买不起。故选 B。 【34 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的母亲真得很想让我给他们拍照。A. wanted 想要；B. informed 通知；C. demanded 要求；D. urged 催促。根据后文 of their children, ask me to take a photo 可知不止这位母亲，许多父母们都想有一张孩子们的照片作纪念，因此这位母亲是想让 作者给他们拍照。故选 A。 【35 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为自己的孩子们而骄傲的父母们，都让我拍照。A. afraid 害怕 的；B. sure 确定的；C. aware 意识到的；D. proud 自豪的。下文中提到，正是因为在孩子 们身上发现了值得记住的东西，才会拍照，be proud of“为……而自豪”符合文意。故选 D。 【36 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一般不会保存这些图片。A. images 图片；B. cards 卡片；C. gifts 礼物；D. words 话语。上一句讲作者会一遍遍地按照那些父母的要求拍摄照片，但只保留了 这一个图片，指的就是照片。故选 A。 【37 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：是因为这些孩子们的母亲。A. smile 微笑；B. kindness 仁慈；C. mother 母亲；D. expectation 期待。从最后一段中总结母爱的伟大来看，是这位母亲的母爱 感动了作者。故选 C。 【38 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种东西如此强大又如此普遍，让我们有时都会忘记其存在。A. emotional 情感的；B. changeable 可改变的；C. sensitive 敏感的；D. common 共同的，普 遍的。本段总结母亲对孩子们无私的爱，就是 it 指代的内容，它很强大，而每个人都享有也 很普遍（common）。故选 D。 【39 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位母亲，尽管在外人眼里，有很多明显的缺点，但在她的孩子 身上，发现了一些她想让照片记住的东西。A. adventures 冒险；B. disadvantages 劣势， - 20 - 缺点；C. curiosity 好奇；D. support 支持。作者拍照前因为这家孩子衣服不得体而犹豫， 这位母亲却执意要拍，可见她为了拍照是可以不在意这些“缺点”的。故选 B。 【40 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是因为她看到了不同的画面。A. different 不同的；B. natural 自然的；C. broad 宽阔的；D. warm 温暖的。根据下文“She saw them with a mother’s heart” 可知，作者和我们看到的是衣衫褴褛，而孩子们的母亲是怀着母亲的心去看的，她看到的是 与常人不同的（different）东西。故选 A。 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 语法填空 When people hear the word ''rat'', they may think of dirty animals that spread disease. And if you are an English learner, you may also connect the word ''rat'' with bad ___41___ (express). For example, calling someone a ''rat'' is ___42___ big insult and ''rat race'' describes a joyless, hurried way of living. So rats ___43___ (general) are not beloved animals either in life or the English language. But the rat trainers at the nonprofit organization, APOPO, see the animals very differently. Based on Tanzania, APOPO trains giant rats ___44___ (find) landmines. Humans ___45___ (use) metal-searching devices to do this work for years. But rats--- it turns out--- do it better. And they also cost ___46___ (little) money. APOPO estimates that worldwide there are 110 million ___47___ (hide) explosives (爆炸物) left over from wars. These explosives are still ''live'', or able to explode. The work that APOPO does is really important in spreading the fact ___48___ rats are not just a pest. They really are ___49___ (hero) and they show us every day that they are worthy ____50____ that name. 【答案】41. expressions 42. a 43. generally 44. to find 45. have used / have been using 46. less 47. hidden 48. that 49. heroes 50. of - 21 - 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。通常情况下老鼠都是不受欢迎的动物，但 APOPO 的老鼠训练师有不同的看 法，经过训练的老鼠可以发现地雷等隐藏的爆炸物，它们也可以为人们做好事。 【41 题详解】 考查名词的数。此处应填名词作为介词 with 的宾语，又 expression 作为“表达”时可数， 结合语境判断此处应用复数形式，故填 expressions。 【42 题详解】 考查冠词。结合上下文可知，此处意为“叫某人老鼠是一个很大的辱骂”，是泛指，应用不 定冠词，又 big 是元音音素开头，故填 a。 【43 题详解】 考查副词。此处应填副词修饰动词，故填 generally。 【44 题详解】 考查不定式。此处考查短语 train sb. to do sth.“训练某人做某事”，其中不定式是宾补， 故填 to find。 【45 题详解】 考查现在完成时。此处是句子谓语动词，根据 for years 判断为现在完成时，也可理解为现 在完成进行时，主语 humans 是复数，故填 have used/ have been using。 【46 题详解】 考查形容词比较级。此处应填形容词修饰名词 money，根据前文的 better 判断此处应用比较 级，故填 less。 【47 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作定语，逻辑主语 explosives 和 hide 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，故填 hidden。 【48 题详解】 考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是同位语从句连接词，从句 rats are not just a pest.成分和意义都完整，应用连接词 that，故填 that。 【49 题详解】 考查名词的数。此处应填名词作表语，由 are 判断用复数形式，故填 heroes。 【50 题详解】 - 22 - 考查介词。此处考查短语 be worthy of“值……”，故填 of。 【点睛】第 8 小题考查同位语从句的连接词。确定同位语从句的连接词一般分为三步：分析 从句成分；结合句意选出连接词；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例： 分析从句成分：从句成分完整 rats are not just a pest 结合句意：“APOPO 所做的工作在传播事实方面很重要，这个事实就是老鼠不仅仅是有害的动 物”句子意义完整，用 that 引导 考虑特殊情况：无 故填 that 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节：短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分. Dear Kerry, I’m glad to know that you are coming to China for a visit. I would like to keep you company as a guide, and my schedule fails me. Anyhow, I really hope you can enjoy our trip in China. When it comes to scenic spots, I sincere recommend that you pay a visit to Hongyadong, Chongqing, which had become an internet-famous place. Rank the second position next to the Palace Museum in The World’s Most Popular Tourist Destinations, 2019, Hongyadong is undoubtedly the fantastic landmark of Chongqing. With unique buildings as well a beautiful night view, it witnesses the history of Chongqing and represent the spirit of Chongqing people. You can’t miss it! Finally, please allow me to say sorry to my absent. I would be more grateful if you could accept my apology. - 23 - 【答案】1.and→but 2.our→your 3.sincere→sincerely 4.had→has 5.Rank→Ranking 6.the→a 7.在 well 后加 as 8.represent→represents 9.absent→absence 10.将 more 去掉 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇应用文。作者向朋友写了一封书信，为自己不能陪伴对方旅游道歉，并推荐重庆洪 崖洞作为旅游必选地点。 【详解】1.考查连接词。句意：我很愿意作为导游陪着你，但是我的日程表让我不能这样做。 前后是转折关系，故将 and 改为 but。 2.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：无论如何，我真心希望你能享受你在中国的旅行。前文已 经提到作者无法陪伴对方旅行，所以旅行是对方的，故将 our 改为 your。 3.考查副词。句意：我真诚地向你推荐你应该去看看重庆的洪崖洞。修饰动词 recommend 用 副词，故将 sincere 改为 sincerely。 4.考查时态。句意：我真诚地推荐你应该看一看重庆洪崖洞，它现在已经成为了一处旅游胜 地。全文使用现在的时态，重庆洪崖洞成为旅游胜地是现在的事情不是过去的事，强调对现 在产生的结果或影响是作者向朋友推荐要去那里旅游，符合现在完成时的定义，且主语是第 三人称单数，故将 had 改为 has。 5.考查非谓语动词。句意：洪崖洞在 2019 年世界最受欢迎的旅游胜地中排名仅次于故宫博物 馆，无疑是重庆的极佳地标。本句已有系动词 is 作谓语，动词 rank 和 is 之间没有连词，所 以rank使用非谓语动词形式，且与主语洪崖洞构成主动关系，表伴随，故将Rank改为Ranking。 6.考查冠词。句意：洪崖洞无疑是重庆的极佳地标。重庆的地标不止有洪崖洞，所以这里是 泛指而不是特指，故将 the 改为 a。 - 24 - 7.考查固定搭配。句意：有独特的建筑和美丽的夜景…as well as 意为“和”，连接前后两 个名词词组 unique buildings 和 a beautiful night view，是固定搭配，故在 well 后加 as。 8.考查第三人称单数形式。句意：它见证了重庆的历史，代表了重庆人民的精神。句子主语 为 it，是第三人称单数，且用 and 连接表示顺承关系，前后时态一致，用一般现在时，故将 represent 改为 represents。 9.考查名词。句意：请允许我为我的缺席道歉。形容词性物主代词 my 后用名词，absent 是形 容词，故将 absent 改为 absence。 10.考查形容词原形和比较级。句意：如果你能接受我的道歉我会很感激。句子中并没有 than 等比较级的标志，前文也没有提到 grateful，所以用原形，故将 grateful 前的 more 去掉。 第二节：书面表达（共 1 题；满分 25 分） 52.假如你是李华,你的笔友 Jane 最近总是感觉身体不适,因此写信向你询问如何保持身体健 康,请你根据以下要点提示用英文给他回信。 要点提示： 1 对 Jane 表示关切； 2 提出合理建议； 3 期望 Jane 的不适状况早日好转。 字数：100 词左右（可适当增加细节）。 Dear Jane, ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ Yours sincerely Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jane, I'm delighted to hear from you, but sorry to have learned you aren't feeling well these days. In your letter you asked me how to stay healthy. Here is my advice. - 25 - Firstly, you’d better keep a balanced diet. It can be beneficial to avoid eating food high in fat or with too much sugar. Instead, have more fresh vegetables and fruits. Secondly, taking exercise every day helps a lot to build up a strong body. As is known, regular exercise, such as jogging, is an essential approach to keeping fit. Finally, I wonder if you always stay up late at night. If so, please get rid of this habit, for never will we be healthy without enough sleep. All these count a lot for keeping your body at a proper weight and staying healthy. I truly hope you will find my advice helpful and get well soon. Best wishes! Yours sincerely Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于提纲类作文，要求考生给笔友写信，就如何保持身体健康提出建议。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求：1. 寒暄关怀（caring about） 2. 提出建议（give advice） 1）饮食平衡（balanced diet） 2）锻炼身体（exercise） 3）作息规律（regular schedule） 4. 良好祝愿（best wishes） 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） feel well；keep a balanced diet；be good for；build up；a way to；work out；as soon as possible；get better 第三步：连词成句 1. Sorry to have known you are feeling bad. - 26 - 2. Let me share some advice about how to keep healthy. 3. You need to keep a balanced diet. 4. Exercise regularly is also very important. 5. Don’t forget having a regular schedule, which means going to bed and get up early. 6. Hope these can help you and wish you get better as soon as possible. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including, 3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，内容完整，要点全面，并适当增加了细节， 使行文更加饱满充实。作者在范文中使用了一些高级句式，如：If so, please get rid of this habit, for never will we be healthy without enough sleep 这句话运用了倒装；Finally, I wonder if you always stay up late at night 这句话运用了 if 引导的宾语从句。也使用 了一些词组，如 be delighted to，as is known，get rid of 等。 - 27 -