2021高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材要点Module2NoDrugs课件外研版必修2 37页

必修二　Module 2　No Drugs (主题语境:人与自我——正确的人生态度) 1.addict n .对(药物等)上瘾的人;瘾君子 ◆单句填空 ①I ' m 19 years old and I used to be 　a     drug addict.(教材原句) ②We teachers can ' t understand what it is that makes so many teenagers addict e d     (addict) to playing computer games. ③Tom ' s parents are worried that he is 　addicted     to computer games which are 　addictive     .(addict) ④He is now fighting his 　addiction     (addict) to alcohol. 重点单词 ◆句型转换 He is addicted to playing computer games and is always absent from school. ⑤ 　Addicted to playing computer games     , he is always absent from school. 点拨 (1)addicted adj .上瘾的 be/become/get addicted to 沉迷于 …… ;热爱 …… ;迷上 …… (2)addictive adj .使人上瘾的 (3)addiction n .瘾;入迷;嗜好 易错 (1)addicted和addiction常与介词to连用,后跟名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语。 (2)addicted常修饰人;addictive常修饰物。 2.likely adj .可能的 adv .很可能 ◆选词填空(likely,possible,probable) ①Scientists say it may be six years before it is 　possible     to test this medicine on human patients. ②He may win the competition, and in that case he is 　likely     to get into the national team. ③It is 　likely/possible/probable     that he will come to the party. ④—Would she mind playing against her former teammates? —Not 　likely      . She is willing to play against any tough players. ◆完成句子 ⑤Drug users 　are more likely to get into trouble     (更可能陷入麻烦) at school. (教材原句) 点拨 (1)be likely to do sth.很可能做某事 be unlikely to do sth.不可能做某事 (2)It is likely that...很可能 …… It is unlikely that...不可能 …… (3)not likely 不可能(表示强烈反对) likely 一般指表面上看来有可能,成为现实的可能性比possible要大。likely既可以用人作主语,也可以用物作主语,还可以用It is likely that...结构替换 possible 强调事情客观上有可能发生,但这种可能性较小,究竟能否成为现实尚存疑虑。possible不能用人作主语,常用It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.;It is possible that...结构 probable 一般指事情的发生是有根据的、合情理的或可信的,推理成分较重,所表示的事情成为现实的可能性在三个词中最大。probable不能用人作主语,表示某人可能做某事可以用It is probable that sb. ...结构 辨析 likely/possible/probable 3.affect vt .影响;对 …… 有影响;感动;(疾病)侵袭 ◆选词填空(affect,effect,influence) ①Smoking in a park doesn ' t 　affect     other people in the same way.(教材原句) ②Your opinion will not 　affect     my decision. ③Consider the 　effect     it will have on your future before you give up the job. ④We ' re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision to be made at the meeting will 　influence     the future of our company. ◆单句填空 ⑤We want to know whether the drug has an effect 　on     people ' s health. ⑥People are now seeking 　effective     (effect) ways of using the least energy to create the greatest benefit. ⑦Deeply 　affected     (affect) by the film, she couldn ' t help weeping. 点拨 (1)affect sb./sth. 影响某人/某物 (2)effect n .作用;影响 have an effect/influence on 对 …… 有影响 effective adj .有效的;起作用的 effect n . (因某事物而导致的)变化,常与介词on搭配 affect v . 使 …… 产生变化;对 …… 有影响,affect=put/have an effect on... influence v .& n . 指通过举例或说服等对行动、思想、性格等产生不易察觉的潜移默化的影响 辨析 effect/affect/influence 4.recognise(recognize) vt .认识;认知;认出;承认,认可 ◆单句填空 ①Participants learn to recognize     (recognise) smoking triggers (things that start them smoking) and they try to set a date in the future when they will stop smoking.(教材原句) ②The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without being recognized     (recognize). ③If you want to get your ability 　 recognized     (recognize), you have to show it in your work rather than complain all day. ④Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2012 in recognition     of     his contribution to the world literature. ⑤Arthur Miller is universally recognized 　as     one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century. ◆完成句子 ⑥从萨拉还是个小女孩的时候我就没见过她了 , 她已变得我都认不出来了。 I haven ' t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she 　 has changed beyond recognition      . ⑦ 人们认为环境污染已成为人们面临的最严重的问题之一。 　It is recognized that     environmental pollution has become one of the most se- rious problems that people face. 点拨 (1)recognize sb./sth.辨认出某人/某物 recognize...as/to be承认 …… 是;认出 …… 是 recognize sb./sth. by/from根据 …… 认出某人/某物 (2)It is recognized that...人们公认 …… (3)recognition n .认出;认可;承认 in recognition of 认可;承认 out of/beyond recognition 认不出来 联想 表示“认为 …… 是 …… ”的短语还有 :regard...as...;consider...as...;see...as...;view...as...;think of...as...;look on...as...;treat...as... 。 5.ban v .& n .禁止;取缔;禁令 ◆单句填空 ①The government is thinking about banning 　smoking     (smoke) on public transport.(教材原句) ②The Chinese government has decided to ban 　smoking     (smoke)in public places across the country. ③He says the proposals may include a ban 　on     littering. ◆完成句子 ④因为他造成了那起事故,所以他被禁驾三年。 He 　was banned from driving     for three years because of the accident he caused. ⑤中国政府下令禁止吃野生动物。 The Chinese government 　put a ban on/banned     eating wild animals. 点拨 (1)ban sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 ban doing sth. 禁止做某事 (2)a ban on...有关 …… 的禁令 put a ban on禁止 1.break into 破门而入;强行闯入;突然开始 ◆介(副)词填空 ①The next day, I broke 　into     a house and stole a television and a video recorder.(教材原句) ②The printing machines are always breaking 　into     . ③I was still sleeping when the fire broke 　out     , and then it spread quickly. 重点短语 ④We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody had broken 　 into     the office during the night. ⑤I ' m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have broken 　up     . They seemed very happy together when I last saw them. ⑥We were having a meeting when suddenly Tom broke 　in     and said some- thing urgent. ◆完成句子 ⑦那个男孩想挣脱他的父亲,但没成功。 The boy tried to 　break away from     his father but in vain. ⑧科学家们认为他们开始在与癌症的战斗中取得突破。 Scientists think they are beginning 　to break through     in the fight against cancer. 点拨 break in闯入;打断;插嘴 break out爆发;突然发生 break through克服;突破;冲垮 break down (身体)垮掉;(机器)出故障;(化学)分解 break up (关系)破裂;拆散 break away from脱离;突然挣脱 易错 break into中的into是介词,其后面接宾语;而break in中的in是副词,属不及物动词短语,其后不能接宾语。 2.give up 戒除;放弃;让给 ◆介(副)词填空 ①And here are some ideas to help people to give 　up     smoking.(教材原句) ②At first Robert wouldn ' t let his daughter go diving, but eventually he gave     in     as she was so confident about her skills. ③Body language can give 　away     a lot about your mood, so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive. ④The news of the mayor ’ s coming to our school for a visit was given 　out     on the radio yesterday. ⑤This is a very special flower and it can give 　off     a strong sweet perfume at night. ⑥By no means will we give in 　 to      the unreasonable demand. 点拨 give up sth. to 把某物让给/捐献给 give away 暴露;泄露;分发;捐赠 give in 屈服;让步 give in to 屈服于;向 …… 让步 give off 发出(气体、味道等);发散(光线等) give out 分发;公布;用尽;停止运行 3.belong to属于;为 …… 的财产;为 …… 的一员 ◆单句填空 ①As is known to us all, China is a developing country 　belonging     (belong)to the third world.=As is known to us all, China is a developing country which 　belongs     (belong) to the third world. ◆完成句子 ②阅读第一至第六部分 , 然后决定它们属于哪篇文章。 Read parts 1—6 and decide which article they 　 belong to     .( 教材原句 ) ③ 1876 年日本军方绘制的一张日本地图证明这些岛不属于日本。 A Japanese map drawn by the Japanese military in 1876 proves that the islands don’t belong to Japan. ④出租车司机经常提醒乘客下车时带走自己的东西。 The taxi driver often reminds passengers to take their blongings   when they leave the car. 点拨 (1)belong to中的to是介词,后接名词或代词。 (2)belong to不用于进行时态,也没有被动形式。 (3)belongings n .所有物;财产 1.“否定词+比较级”表示最高级 教材原句 I couldn ' t agree more .我非常同意。 ◆完成句子 ①我从来没有听过比这更好的嗓音。 I have 　never     heard a 　better     voice. 重点句型 ②你买的这个好极了。 You 　couldn ' t have bought a better     one. ③你开车时再小心也不为过,因为交通事故经常发生。 You 　can ' t be careful enough/too careful     while driving a car,for accidents happen frequently. ◆一句多译 朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。 ④Julia is taller than 　any other girl     in her class. ⑤Julia is taller than 　all the other girls     in her class. ⑥Julia is taller than 　any of the other girls     in her class. ⑦Julia is taller than 　the rest of the girls     in her class. ⑧Julia is the 　tallest     girl in her class. 点拨 (1)can ' t/couldn ' t+比较级,该句型表示“非常 …… ;不能再 …… ”,从表面上看 是否定形式,实际上是用否定形式表示肯定的概念,表达最高级的含义。用于 该结构中的否定词除了not之外,还有no,never,nothing等。 (2)比较级在以下几种句式中均表示最高级含义: 比较级+than+   表示最高级含义的其他句型: (1)完成时+never+so+形容词(副词)/so+形容词+a(n)+单数名词/such+形容词+ 名词 (2)can ' t...+形容词(副词)+enough/too+形容词/副词 2.whatever引导让步状语从句 教材原句 Whatever you ' re doing when you want to smoke—do something else!无论你在 做什么,当你想抽烟时,做点别的事吧! ◆用whatever,no matter what, however填空 ①The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit 　 whatever     the season is. ② 　 However     hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. ③Some people believe 　whatever     has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. ④She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do 　whatever     it takes to save her life. ◆完成句子 ⑤Believe it or not. I ' m always on your side 　whatever/no matter what difficulties you have     (不管你有什么困难). 点拨 (1)whatever、whoever、whichever、whomever既可引导名词性从句,也可引 导让步状语从句,在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/ whom。 (2)whenever、wherever、however引导让步状语从句,相当于no matter when/ where/how。 (3)however相当于no matter how。句式结构:however+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。