江苏省扬州市高邮市2020届高三上学期开学考试英语试题 38页

‎2020届高三年级阶段性学情调研 英语试题2019.09本试卷分五部分。满分120分。考试时间120分钟。‎ 第一卷(选择题共85分)‎ 第一部分:听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1.‎ How did the man go to Canada？‎ A. By air. B. By train C. In Fred's ca.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: How did you go to Canada? Did you fly?‎ M: I was planning to, because it's such a long trip by bus or train. But Fred decided to drive and invited me to join him.‎ ‎2.‎ What does the woman think of drawing？‎ A. It's meaningless. B. It's easy. C. It's difficult ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Your drawings are really beautiful.‎ W: You really think so?‎ M: I do. It would take me forever to draw even one of them.‎ W: There’s nothing to it, really.‎ ‎3.‎ How docs the woman respond？‎ A. She is angry. B. She is satisfied. C. She forgives the man.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: I'm really sorry I didn't make it to your party last night, Julie.‎ W: It's all very well to say that now. We wasted half the evening waiting for you to turn up.‎ ‎4.‎ What does the man grow？‎ A. Flowers. B. Vegetables. C. Fruits.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: The tomatoes in my garden are almost ripe.‎ W: I bet they'll be delicious. What else do you have?‎ M: Besides tomatoes, I've got cabbage, cucumbers and broccoli.‎ W: You'll be able to make your own fresh salad soon.‎ ‎5.此处有音频，请去附件查看】‎ How does the girl probably feel about her job？‎ A. Bored and tired. B. Interested and exited. C. Relaxed and relieved.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Sally, how are you getting along with the translation work?‎ W: I have written and rewritten so much that I don’t know if I’ll ever get it finished.‎ 第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟:听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎6. What time does the shop close on the weekends？‎ A. 8:00p.m. B. 9:00p.m. C. 10:00p.m.‎ ‎7. When will the sale end？‎ A. At the end of the month. B. This weekend. C. Tonight.‎ ‎【答案】6. C 7. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Tower Records. This is David. Can I help you?‎ W: Hello. What time do you close, please?‎ M: We close at 10:00 every day. And we open at 9:00 in the morning.‎ W: Oh, OK. And are you open on the weekends?‎ M: Same hours as on the weekdays.‎ W: Wow. You guys never take a break! I want to come in and have a look at your sale. Your sale is still on, isn't it?‎ M: Yes, it runs till the end of the month. But things are clearing out fast.‎ W: OK. I'll come down tonight. Thanks.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎8. Where does the woman spend three weeks？‎ A. In Italy. B. In Geece. C. In Switzerland.‎ ‎9. What does the woman have to declare？‎ A. Rum. B. Meat. C. Plants.‎ ‎【答案】8. C 9. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: How long have you been out of the country, miss? Where did you go?‎ W: I spent three weeks in Switzerland, two weeks in Italy and one week in Greece.‎ M: Do you have any plants, meat, or alcoholic beverages to declare?‎ W: I have only two bottles of rum.‎ M: How much did you spend on your purchases while you were away?‎ W: About $100.‎ M: Please open this small suitcase for me…OK. Give this card to the official at the ‎ read desk.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎10. Where most probably are the speakers？‎ A. In New Orleans. B. In New York. C. In Tokyo.‎ ‎11. What company does the man work with?‎ A. A trading company. B. A newspaper. C. A bookstore.‎ ‎12. How long did the woman stay in Tokyo last time？‎ A. Two years. B. A month. C. A week.‎ ‎【答案】10. B 11. A 12. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: Arthur! It's been a long time! How are you doing?‎ M: Well, hello, Mary! Fine. Just fine. Good to see you again. How long has it been? Two years? Three?‎ W: It must have been at least three years since we ran into each other in that bookstore on New Orleans Road. Where have you been?‎ M: I've been in Japan, working for a trading company. I don't get back to New York often anymore. And, when I do, I only have a little time. In fact, I have to be back in Tokyo tomorrow. And how about you? Are you still working at the newspaper?‎ W: Yes. Still at the newspaper and busier than ever. You know I was in Tokyo just last month to get some information about the computer industry. It's too bad I didn't have your phone number. I was there for a whole week. Maybe the next time I'm there we can get together. Do you have a card?‎ M: Sure. Almost everyone in Japan has a business card.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎13. Where probably is the man from？‎ A. The US. B. Britain. C. Japan.‎ ‎14. What does the woman suggest seeing immediately after lunch？‎ A. St .Paul's. B. British Museum. C. Westminster Abbey.‎ ‎15. When does the bus stop at Hyde Park Hotel？‎ A. At 5:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 9:50.‎ ‎16. What does the man particularly want to see？‎ A. Westminster Abbey. B. The British Museum. C. London Tower.‎ ‎【答案】13. C 14. A 15. C 16. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: May I help you?‎ M: Yes, I'd like to take a one-day sightseeing tour around the town.‎ W: We have several. Here are the brochures that describe them.‎ M: I particularly want to visit the British Museum. Do you have any tours that include that?‎ W: Yes, this one does. You visit the Tower and Westminster Abbey in the morning. Right after lunch, the tour makes a stop at St.Paul's. Then the rest of the afternoon is spent at the museum.‎ M: How long does the tour take?‎ W: About seven hours. Where are you staying?‎ M: At the Hyde Park Hotel.‎ W: Let's see. The bus stops there at 9:50.You should be back by 5:30 in the afternoon.‎ M: What is the cost?‎ W: It's 80 pounds, including lunch.‎ M: Are there any Japanese-speaking guides?‎ W: I'm afraid not. But we do have this guidebook. It tells everything about the places you'll be seeing. Please take it, free of charge.‎ M: Oh, that'll be very helpful. Thank you very much.‎ 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。‎ ‎17. Who had locked the door？‎ A. Kim. B. Sanderson. C. The woman.‎ ‎18. Who was knocked down by the stranger？‎ A. Ray B. Mike. C. The woman.‎ ‎19. Whose was the suitcase？‎ A. The stranger's. B. Tony's. C. Sanderson's.‎ ‎20. What did the woman find in the suitcase？‎ A. Some microfilm. B. A letter. C. A camera.‎ ‎【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Terry, would you tell us what happened after you answered the phone call, in details?‎ W: Well, after the phone call, I went back to get the others at the restaurant. I told them what Detective Sanderson had told me and they were all very excited. We rushed out of the restaurant and up to the room. When we got there, the door was open, which was strange because Kim had locked it when we left. We ran into the room and found a man there. He was going through my suitcase. When I tried to stop him he knocked me down. I hit my head against a chair when it fell. As a matter of fact, it still hurts. Ray and Mike chased him to the elevator, but he got away. The strangest part was what came next. We looked in the suitcase and found out it was Tony's. Tony has the same initials as I do, so that was why I thought it was my suitcase. When we looked inside, we found an envelope with microfilm in it. We held the microfilm up to the light and saw what looked like blueprints on it. We're going to take it to the library tomorrow and find out what's really on it. I think it's a plan for a new kind of rocket. We figured out that the man who was in the room looked a lot like the man who gave us the ride over to the hotel. I wonder who he is.‎ 第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)第一节:单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎21.—What do you think of Cristiano Ronaldo's signing for Juventus?‎ ‎— His experience and range of skills will add a new___ to the team.‎ A. extension B. identification C. occupation D. dimension ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词。句意：——你对c罗加盟尤文图斯有什么看法? ——他的经验和多方面的技能将给团队带来一个新的局面。A. extension延长；B. identification鉴定；C. occupation职业，占有；D. dimension方面。根据His experience and range of skills可知，会给团队带来一个新“局面”。故选D。‎ ‎22.Looking you straight in the eye does not mean the person is telling the truth. Experienced liars often do this in a(n)___ way, playing on people believing what they are saying A. tentative B. deliberate C. compulsory D. arbitrary ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词。句意：直视你的眼睛并不意味着这个人在说真话。有经验的说谎者经常故意这样做，让人们相信他们所说的。A. tentative暂定的；B. deliberate深思熟虑的；C. compulsory义务的；D. arbitrary武断的。根据Experienced liars“有经验的说谎者”，可知，因为他们说谎有经验，所以说话会“深思熟虑的”。故选B。‎ ‎23.Our society would be better off but for the fact that the economy ________ by the current global financial crisis.‎ A. had been affected B. were affected C. should be affected D. is affected ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：如果不是经济受到当前全球金融危机的影响，我们的社会会更好。此处表示一种客观事实，且the economy和affect之间是一种被动关系，所以that引导的同位语从句中用一般现在时态的被动语态，故答案为D。‎ ‎24.The village evolved into a major e-commerce center, and ______the past, the villagers owed their success to the reform and opening-up policy.‎ A. reviewed B. to review C. reviewing D. being reviewed ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查现在分词作时间状语。句意：村庄发展成为一个重要的电子商务中心，回顾过去，村民们把他们的成功归功于改革开放政策。句子主语the villagers和review之间是一种主动关系，是现在分词作时间状语，故答案为C。‎ ‎25.—I feel a little nervous.‎ ‎—Take it easy You __________ have difficulty passing the exam when you have prepared for it well.‎ A. mustn’t B. needn’t C. may not D. shouldn’t ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——我觉得有点紧张。——不要着急。当你准备充分时，通过考试应该不会有困难。A. mustn’t禁止，不允许；B. needn’t不必；C. may not可能不会；D. shouldn’t不应该。结合句意可知答案为D。‎ ‎26.Many factories have been quick to adopt AI-assisted robots for survival ________ the rising labor shortages and costs.‎ A. in contrast to B. in regard to C. in response to D. in preference to ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词短语。句意：许多工厂为了生存迅速采用人工辅助机器人，以应对劳动力短缺和成本上升的问题。A. in contrast to与……形成对照；B. in regard to关于；C. in response to响应，回应；D. in preference to优先于。根据the rising labor shortages and costs.可知，许多工厂要对劳动力短缺和成本上升的问题做出“回应”。故选C。‎ ‎27.______ has caused great confusion is ______ he made it without anyone else’s help.‎ A. What; that. B. What; how. C. It; how. D. It; that.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：让人极大困惑的是他如何在没有别人帮助的情况下做到这一点的。第一个空表示“让人困惑的事情”用what引导主语从句，what作主语。第二个空表示“如何做到的”用how表方式，引导表语从句。故选B项.‎ ‎28.It is through years of research ________ scientists have discovered the relationship between social media addiction and depression.‎ A. since B. before C. that D. when ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查强调句型。句意：通过多年的研究，科学家们发现了社交媒体成瘾和抑郁症之间的关系。此处是强调句型，故答案为C。‎ ‎【点睛】浅谈强调句 ‎1. 用It is／wasthat／who句型表示强调。‎ ‎（1）陈述句的强调句型：It is/was+被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+that/who（当强调主语且主语指人）+其它部分。 e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping. ‎ ‎（2）一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。 e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping? ‎ ‎（3）特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+is/was+it+that/who+其它部分？e.g. When and where was it that you were born?‎ 注：被强调的部分（通常是句子的主语、状语、宾语或宾语补足语）放在is／was的后面，如被强调的是人，则后面可用who，whom等代替。‎ ‎2. notuntil句型的强调句： ‎ 句型为：It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其它部分： ‎ e.g. 普通句：He didn't go to bed until/till his wife came back. ‎ 强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed. ‎ ‎3. 强调谓语动词：用助动词do, does或did加动词原形来强调谓语动词。注意：此种强调只用do/does和did，没有别的形式；过去时态用did，后面的谓语动词用原形。如：Do come early. 务必早来。He did send you a letter last week. 昨天他确实寄给你一封信。‎ ‎29.As the government looks to cutting down air pollution in the country, car makers are making efforts to ______the growing demand for environmentally friendly cars.‎ A. turn to B. subscribe to C. submit to D. cater to ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着政府希望减少国家的空气污染，汽车制造商正努力满足对环保汽车日益增长的需求。A. turn to转向，求助于；B. subscribe to订阅，同意；C. submit to提交，向……提出；D. cater to迎合，为……服务。根据the growing demand for environmentally friendly cars（对环保汽车的需求日益增长）可知，汽车制造商正努力满足对环保汽车日益增长的需求。故选D。‎ ‎30.You may house their bodies but not their souls, for their souls live in the house of tomorrow, ______you can not visit, not even in your dreams.‎ A. when B. where C. which D. that ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：你可以庇护的是他们的身体，却不是他们的灵魂。因为他们的灵魂属于明天，属于你做梦也无法到达的明天。此处the house of tomorrow是先行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作宾语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题中先行词为名词house，再分析先行词house在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词house带到从句中可知，只能作宾语，另外，此处先行词指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故选C。‎ ‎31.—Ted has never been so rude!‎ ‎—He ______something he shouldn’t have, but I guess he didn’t mean that.‎ A. has said B. had said C. said D. was saying ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查一般过去时。——Ted从来没有那么鲁莽过! ——他说了一些他本不应该说的话，但我认为他不是那个意思。由“he didn’t mean that ”可知，说话的动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。故选C项。‎ ‎32.Alfred Nobel's greatness ______ his outstanding ability to combine the qualities of an original scientist with ______of a forward-looking industrialist.‎ A. lies in; those B. brings out; the ones C. accounts for; that D. comes to; ones ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词词组和代词。句意：艾弗瑞德·诺贝的伟大之处在于他能把一个有独创性的科学家的品质和一个有远见的实业家的品质结合起来。A. lies in在于；those那些；B. brings out带来，使发生；the ones那些；C. accounts for占……比例；that那个；D. comes to谈到，达到；ones。结合句意可知，第一空填lies in；第二空用those替代名词复数qualities，因为后面有后置定语，且替代的内容是复数形式，故选A。‎ ‎33.There is someone playing the guitar over there. Let's go and listen, shall we? Free entertainment, ________．‎ A. anyway B. though C. therefore D. somehow ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：那边有人在弹吉他。我们去听听，好吗？不管怎么说，这是免费的娱乐。A. anyway不管怎么说；B. though尽管；C. therefore因此；D. somehow以某种方式。anyway“不管怎么说”符合句意。故选A项。‎ ‎34._________you think that your parents are mean-spirited at times, loving your parents is a normal and satisfying part of life.‎ A. Now that B. As though C. Even if D. In case ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：即使你认为你的父母有时是吝啬的，爱你的父母是正常的和令人满意的生活的一部分。A. Now that既然；B. As though好像；C. Even if即使；D. In case万一。根据语境，前后是让步关系，故选C。‎ ‎35.—Should I ask Tom if he was still upset at not being invited to the party?‎ ‎——If he hasn’t said anything about it, just _________.‎ A. bite your tongue B. Let sleeping dogs lie C. eat your words D. face the music ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查习惯表达。句意：——我应该问汤姆他是否还在为没有被邀请参加聚会而烦恼吗?——如果他什么也没说，那就莫惹是非。A. bite your tongue别嚼舌头，忍住不说；B. Let sleeping dogs lie莫惹是非；C. eat your words收回你说的话；D. face the music勇敢地面对困难。根据问句if he was still upset at not being invited to the party和回答中的lf he hasn't said anything about it,可知，如果他不提这事，就不要提了。也就是“莫惹是非”。故选B。‎ 第二节完型填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ I built a company when I approached with a major opportunity that was going to take our company to the next level. Then something ___36___ happened. I received an email from the investor that read: "We're going to ___37___.."‎ I was crushed(崩溃). The next few days I thought about this ___38___and realized just how___39___I truly was. I thought maybe it was time to count my ___40___and get another “real job”. Luckily，I realized that having that thought meant I had a problem—my fear of ___41___. If I was going to keep moving forward with my company I'd have to ___42___ this fear of being rejected again. So，I___43___ Google to help solve my problem and I found a game. The ___44___ of the game is to help you get over your fear of rejection by ____45____ seeking out rejection. I loved it. I ____46____ I would try it to help me remove this fear.‎ What came next was something I could have ____47____ imagined. As my rejection journey continued, I began to feel more and more ____48____ when asking for things, realizing I could focus on the ____49____ factors.‎ In the process of my rejection journey, here is what I learned about rejection. Avoiding it doesn't ____50____ mean you avoid failure. Most people believe avoiding rejection is a good thing, ____51____ that's not true. When we ____52____ away from rejection, we reject ourselves and our ideas before the world ever has a ____53____ to reject them. This is the ____54____ form of rejection and we are overlooked by the world. Therefore, the greatest lesson I’ve learned from rejection is no mater what, don’t be ____55____ by the world.‎ ‎36. A. interesting B. strange C. unexpected D. different ‎37. A. quit B. invest C. fail D. lose ‎38. A. condition B. case C. accident D. defeat ‎39. A. thankful B. discouraged C. fortunate D. considerate ‎40. A. investment B. losses C. money D. days ‎41. A. rejection B. destruction C. loss D. failure ‎42. A. ignore B. hate C. minimize D. overcome ‎43. A. responded to B. appealed to C. turned to D. led to ‎44. A. purpose B. outcome C. rule D. origin ‎45. A. consequently B. accidentally C. primitively D. intentionally ‎46. A. admitted B. decided C. suggested D. explained ‎47. A. never B. ever C. almost D. nearly ‎48. A. fearless B. powerful C. ashamed D. embarrassed ‎49. A. undesirable B. predictable C. controllable D. considerable ‎50. A. firmly B. frequently C. necessarily D. hopefully ‎51. A. and B. or C. however D. but ‎52. A. break B. get C. look D. shy ‎53. A. reason B. chance C. motivation D. inspiration ‎54. A. worst B. best C. common D. rare ‎55. A. defcatcd B. ignored C. judged D. cheated ‎【答案】36. C 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. B 41. A 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. A 49. C 50. C 51. D 52. D 53. B 54. A 55. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文主要讲述了作者在失去一笔重要投资后开始害怕被人拒绝，为了克服他的这种恐惧感，他通过玩谷歌上的一个游戏来让自己消除恐惧。在这种尝试下，作者逐渐变得无惧，并懂得无论如何都不要被这个世界所忽视。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，意想不到的事情发生了。A. interesting有趣的；B.‎ ‎ strange奇怪的；C. unexpected未料到的；D. different不相同的。作者遇到一个重要的机会，但从下文可知，投资者最后决定不再投资他的公司，这是作者没想到的(unexpected)。故选C。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们要退出……。A. quit停止；B. invest投资；C. fail失败；D. lose失去。投资者打算停止，放弃此次投资；不能说打算失败或失去。故选A。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：接下来的几天，我想着这次失败，意识到我是多么的沮丧。A. condition条件，情况；B. case实例；C. accident事故；D. defeat击败。作者的公司失去这笔重要的投资机会，内心自然会很难受，极度伤心，震惊至崩溃(crushed)。故选D。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接下来的几天，我想着这次失败，意识到我是多么的沮丧。A. thankful感激的；B. discouraged丧气的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. considerate体贴的。接下来的几天里，作者应是感到沮丧( discouraged)。故选B。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想也许是时候该算算我的损失，再找一份“真正的工作”了。A. investment投资；B. losses损失；C. money金钱；D. days天。作者静下心来，觉得自己是该清点损失(loss)了。故选B。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我意识到这个想法意味着我有一个问题——我害怕被拒绝。A. rejection抛弃，拒绝；B. destruction破坏；C. loss损失；D. failure失败。从下文可知，此处指的是害怕拒绝(rejection)。故选A。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我要继续留在公司，我就必须克服再次被拒绝的恐惧。A. ignore忽视；B. hate厌恶；C. minimize使减到最少；D. overcome克服。作者认为自己必须要想办法摆脱/克服这种恐惧感。故选D。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查动词词组辨析。句意：我求助于谷歌来解决我的问题，我找到了一个游戏。A. responded to回应；B. appealed to呼吁，吸引；C. turned to求助；D. led to导致。作者转向Google，求助于(turn to)。故选C。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个游戏的目的是通过故意寻找拒绝来帮助你克服对拒绝的恐惧。A. purpose目的；B. outcome结果；C. rule管理；D. origin起源。从后半句可以看出此处指的是这个游戏的目的( purpose)。故选A。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个游戏的目的是通过故意寻找拒绝来帮助你克服对拒绝的恐惧。A. consequently因此，结果；B. accidentally意外地；C. primitively最初地；D. intentionally故意地。通过有意( intentionally)寻找被拒绝的机会来克服自己的恐惧心理。故选D。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很喜欢。我决定试着消除这种恐惧。A. admitted承认；B. decided决定；C. suggested建议；D. explained解释。根据语境，故选B。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：接下来发生的事情是我无法想象的。A. never从来没有；B. ever曾经；C. almost几乎；D. nearly差不多。接下来所发生的事是作者从未( never)想到的。故选A。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着我的拒绝之旅的继续，当自己努力去尝试遭拒时，我开始感到越来越无所畏惧。A. fearless无畏的；B. powerful强大的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。作者逐渐变得越来越无惧(fearless)。故选A。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着我的拒绝之旅的继续，当自己努力去尝试遭拒时，我开始感到越来越无所畏惧。A. undesirable不受欢迎的；B. predictable可预言的；C. controllable可控制的；D. considerable相当大的。作者意识到自己应该关注那些可控的( controllable)因素，即自身努力去尝试遭拒。故选C。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：避开它并不一定意味着你要避免失败。A. firmly坚定地；B. frequently频繁地；C. necessarily必要地；D. hopefully充满希望地。避免遭到拒绝未必( not necessarily)就意味着避免失败。故选C。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查并列连词词义辨析。句意：大多数人认为避免被拒绝是件好事，但事实并非如此。A.‎ ‎ and和；B. or或者；C. however然而；D. but但是。前后是转折关系，故选D。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们逃避拒绝时，我们在这个世界有机会拒绝我们之前就拒绝了我们自己和我们的想法。A. break打破；B. get得到；C. look看；D. shy投，畏缩。当我们对拒绝避而远之(shy)时，我们也就拒绝了自己以及自己的想法，这个世界根本就没有机会(chance)来拒绝我们(自己以及自己的想法)。故选D。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们逃避拒绝时，我们在这个世界有机会拒绝我们之前就拒绝了我们自己和我们的想法。A. reason理由；B. chance机会；C. motivation动机；D. inspiration灵感。同上解释。故选B。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是最糟糕的拒绝方式，我们被世界忽视了。A. worst最差的；B. best最好；C. common共同的；D. rare罕见的。从上下文可知，这并非是好事，这是拒绝最糟糕的(worst)形式。故选A。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我从拒绝中学到的最重要的一课就是无论如何都不要被这个世界忽视。A. defeatcd打败；B. ignored忽视；C. judged判断；D. cheated欺骗。无论如何，都不要(因自身避免遭拒）被世界所忽视( ignore)。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】在做完形填空时一定要注意and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/in addition/what’s more/though等词汇、固定结构的运用。它们连接了上下文，起着承上起下的作用。像but（但是）、however（然而），表示转折，这说明前后的内容相反或相对。把握住这一点，做起题来就会得心应手。本题第16小题，很多人认为避免遭到拒绝是好事,但(but)事实并非如此。故选D。‎ 第三部分:阅读理解(共15小题；每题2分，满分30分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Mill 180 Park is truly a park for the 2lst century, designed to copy all of the great urban parks—Central Park in New York City, Hyde Park in London and Ueno Park in Tokyo. Through the use of computerized sound and some other modern systems, we’ve ‎ brought the outside in, surrounding our visitors with green space and a remarkable sense of the natural world.‎ We spent a lot of time trying to learn why these parks are so beloved, what makes them work so well for their sponsors, and how they provide a place of rest for so many.‎ A wake up call for the senses These parks are beautiful. They provide much needed relief from the daily stress of city living in any particular moment. But with the good, every one of these parks suffer from the same shortcoming—they are not fit to live when the weather is bad. What this means is that our parks are only really available to us some of the time.‎ Change in the air Enjoying Mill 180 Park is not weather dependent. We used modern building techniques and technology to create a park that can be enjoyed in every season, during every type of weather.‎ Our focus While imagining the possibilities for Mill 180 Park, we focused our design process on five characteristics that were common in all of our favorite urban parks:‎ ‎◆BEAUTY: Including natural and man-made qualities, delighting the senses of visitors.‎ ‎◆ GREENERY: Bringing nature to the city, with a variety of plants and green spaces.‎ ‎◆ MINGLING: Providing a place for people who wouldn’t normally come into contact to meet and share experiences.‎ ‎◆ TRANQUILITY: Offering a place away from the noise, waste, and excitement of city life.‎ ‎◆ PROGRAMMING: Serving as a site for artistic, cultural, and amusement events that bring the community together.‎ When you visit, you’ll be aware on an intellectual level that you are not in an expansive outdoor space, but your senses will tell you ‎ otherwise.‎ Opening time and price All months of the year.‎ Admission is free from Jan .I to Nov.30.‎ ‎56. Mill 180 Park was created _______.‎ A. with little time and effort B. with much time and effort C. with the help of foreign designers D. with the help of sponsors and visitors ‎57. Which of the following is true?‎ A. The park is the same in design as any one of the world.‎ B. You will never be able to enjoy the park when the weather is bad.‎ C. Visit to the park is free of charge.‎ D. The park is environment-friendly and pleasant.‎ ‎【答案】56. B 57. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。文章介绍Mill 180 Park。Mill 180 Park是花了很多时间和精力创建的。这个公园环境宜人，令人愉悦。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据We spent a lot of time trying to learn why these parks are so beloved, what makes them work so well for their sponsors, and how they provide a place of rest for so many可知，我们花了很多时间，试图了解为什么这些公园如此受人喜爱，是什么让它们更好地服务于赞助商，以及它们如何为这么多人提供了一个休息的地方。所以Mill 180 Park的建造借鉴了很多公园的建造形式和特点，故判断出，它被建造时，花了很多时间和精力。故选B。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Our focus中◆BEAUTY: Including natural and man-made qualities,‎ ‎ delighting the senses of visitors.◆ GREENERY: Bringing nature to the city, with a variety of plants and green spaces. TRANQUILITY: Offering a place away from the noise, waste, and excitement of city life.可知，◆美:包括自然和人造的精华，愉悦游客的感官。◆绿化:有各种植物和绿地，为城市带来自然和宁静:提供一个远离噪音、浪费和刺激的地方。所以Mill 180公园环境宜人，令人身心愉悦。故选D。‎ B You’ve heard the old advice that skipping meals is a sure-fire way to ruin a weight loss plan, but a new study presented this week at the annual Obesity Society Meeting in New Orleans suggests that perhaps we've overlooked the benefits of selective fasting. According to the research, eating during a smaller window of time each day and skipping your evening meal could have a positive health effect.‎ The study concluded that overweight individuals who ate during the day and fasted during the evening reported fewer hunger swings and burned more fat at night, WebMD reported. However, although this diet plan results in more fat burned in the evenings, it did not seem to increase fat burning overall. Due to this, at this moment it’s still unclear as to how this eating schedule can affect general weight loss.‎ ‎“At this point, we are not sure whether or not total fat burning is increased,” study lead author Courtney Peterson told Medical Daily in a recent email. “We will need to do a larger study to find out for certain whether or not time-restricted feeding improves fat burning.”‎ Still, although the results do not indicate a clear association between nighttime fasting and weight loss, they are still important for the world of nutrition. For example, Peterson told Medical Daily that she was surprised to find that participants did not report being hungrier than average, or have above-average swings in hunger levels, despite fasting daily for 18 hours.‎ ‎“So we overturned the belief that fasting for longer period each day when the same number of total calories are eaten makes a person hungrier,”wrote Peterson.‎ While the effects of fasting and time-restricted feeding have been studied and proven to work in a rodent(贴齿动物)model，research on human subjects is still in ‎ its early stages. For this reason，Peterson explained that it is far too early to say，with factual evidence as backing，that time-restricted feeding will improve weight loss in humans. Still，Peterson explained that practicing this eating behavior does have obvious benefits，such as reducing overall food intake，and suggested that practicing time restricted eating a few times a week could be both practicable and healthy.‎ ‎“It could be used for short-term goals or longer-term goals，"concluded Peterson." As far as we know，it is safe for adults，although pregnant women and children should not try it.”‎ ‎58. The underlined word in Paragraph l may mean ________.‎ A. skip meals B. eat food in a hurry C. eat less D. be particular about food ‎59. What is the best title for the passage?‎ A. The benefits of fasting B. A sure-way weight loss plan C. A seemingly practicable weight-loss plan D. The pros and cons of fasting ‎60. What is the author’s attitude toward the plan?‎ A. Critical. B. Disapproving. C. Enthusiastic. D. Objective.‎ ‎【答案】58. A 59. C 60. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“一个看似可行的减肥计划”。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第一段中You've heard the old advice that skipping meals is a sure-fire way to ruin a weight loss plan, but a new study presented this week at the annual Obesity Society Meeting in New Orleans(你可能听过一句老话：不吃饭肯定会毁了减肥计划，但在本周的年度大会上提出了一项新的研究。)可知，Obesity Society Meeting in New Orleans suggests that perhaps we've overlooked the benefits of selective fasting.(在新奥尔良召开的Obesity Society Meeting表明，也许我们忽视了选择性禁食的好处。)由此推知，划线词的意思是“不吃饭”。故选A。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中You' ve heard the old advice that skipping meals is a sure-fire way to ruin a weight loss plan, but a new study presented this week at the annual Obesity Society Meeting in New Orleans suggests that perhaps we' ve overlooked the benefits of selective fasting.（你可能听过这句老话：不吃饭肯定会毁了减肥计划，但本周在新奥尔良举行的肥胖协会年会上公布的一项新研究表明，我们可能忽视了选择性禁食的好处。）以及全文其他内容可知，这篇文章讲述的是“一个看似可行的减肥计划”。故选C。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It could be used for short-term goals or longer-term goals，"concluded Peterson." As far as we know，it is safe for adults，although pregnant women and children should not try it.”（这可用于短期目标和长期目标,”彼得森总结说。“据我们所知，它是安全的对于成年人来说，但是孕妇和儿童不应该尝试。”）可知，作者对这个计划的观点是“客观的”。故选D。‎ C When men and women take personality tests，some of the old Mars-Venus stereotypes(定式)keep reappearing. On average，women are more cooperative，kind，cautious and emotionally enthusiastic. Men tend to be more competitive，confident，rude and emotionally flat. Clear differences appear in early childhood and never disappear.‎ What's not clear is the origin of these differences. Evolutionary psychologists think that these are natural features from ancient hunters and gatherers. Another school of psychologists argues that both sexes' personalities have been shaped by traditional social roles，and that personality differences will shrink as women spend less time taking care of children and more time in jobs outside the home.‎ To test these hypotheses(假设)，a series of research teams have repeatedly analyzed personality tests taken by men and women in more than 60 countries around the world.For evolutionary psychologists，the bad news is that the size of the gender gap in personality varies among cultures.For social-role psychologists，the bad news is that the change is going in the wrong direction.It looks as if personality ‎ differences between men and women are smaller in traditional cultures like India's or Zimbabwe's than in the Netherlands or the United States.A husband and a stay-at-home wife in a patriarchal(男权的)Botswanan clan(部族)seem to be more alike than a working couple in Denmark or France.The more Venus and Mars have equal rights and similarjobs，the more their personalities sem to separate.‎ These findings are so unbelievable that some researchers have argued they must be due to cross-cultural problems with the personality tests. But according to new data from 40.000 men and women on six continents，David P. Schmitt and his colleagues conclude that the trends are real. Dr. Schmitt，a psychologist at Bradley University in I llinois and the director of the International Sexuality Description Project，suggests that as wealthy modern societies level(使平等)the barriers between women and men，some ancient internal differences are being developed.‎ The biggest changes recorded by the researchers involve the personalities of men, not women.‎ Men in traditional agricultural societies and poorer countries seem more cautious and anxious, less confident and less competitive than men in the most progressive and rich countries of Europe and North America.‎ To explain these differences, Dr. Schmitt and his partners from Austria and Estonia point to the hardships of life in poorer countries. They note that in some other species, environmental stress tends to extremely affect the larger sex. And, they say, there are examples of stress decreasing biological sex differences in humans. ‎ ‎61. According to personality tests, the differences between men and women begin to exist________.‎ A. ocesionally and temporarily B. randomly and forever C. regularly and constantly D. early and permanently ‎62. What is stated in Paragraph 2 is to indicate________.‎ A. psychologists have no way to know the origin of the differences B. experts fight against one another C. the explanation for the differences is open to tests D. women will solve the problem of the personality differences ‎63. Now researchers tend to believe that the differences between men and women________.‎ A. originate from ancient hunters and gatherers B. are shaped by traditional social roles they play C. are affected by traditional cultures D. vary from one culture to another ‎64. What can be inferred about Dr. Schmitt?‎ A. He doesn't recognize the findings above.‎ B. He thinks social environment contributes to some internal differences.‎ C. He believes wealthy women and men are equal.‎ D. He has no examples to explain the differenees at all.‎ ‎【答案】61. D 62. C 63. C 64. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是男性和女性人格测试的研究结果及分析。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Clear differences appear in early childhood and never disappear.（明显的差异出现在儿童早期，而且从未消失。）可知，根据性格测试，男性和女性之间的差异很早就开始存在并且是永久的。故选D。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段What's not clear is the origin of these differences. Evolutionary psychologists think that these are natural features from ancient hunters and gatherers. Another school of psychologists argues that both sexes' personalities have been shaped by traditional social roles，and that personality differences will shrink as women spend less time taking care of children and more time in jobs outside the home.(目前尚不清楚这些差异根源。进化心理学家认为这些是远古猎人和采集者的自然特征。另一学派的心理学家认为，男女的性格都是由传统的社会角色所塑造的，随着女性照顾孩子的时间减少，而更多的时间花在家庭以外的工作上，这种性格差异将会缩小。)可知，对这种差异的解释有待检验。故选C。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段It looks as if personality differences between men and women ‎ are smaller in traditional cultures like India's or Zimbabwe's than in the Netherlands or the United States可知，在印度或津巴布韦等传统文化中，男性和女性的个性差异似乎比荷兰或美国要小。所以现在研究人员倾向于认为，男性和女性之间的差异受到传统文化的影响。故选C。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段David P. Schmitt and his colleagues conclud.e that the trends are real. Dr. Schmitt，a psychologist at Bradley University in I llinois and the director of the International Sexuality Description Project，suggests that as wealthy modern societies level(使平等)the barriers between women and men，some ancient internal differences are being developed.(大卫David P. Schmitt和他的同事得出结论，这种趋势是真实存在的。施密特博士，一位心理学家表明随着富裕的现代社会消除了男女之间的障碍，一些古老的内部差异正在形成。)可知，Dr. Schmitt认为社会环境导致了一些内部差异。故选B。‎ D Some jobs are so demanding that there is not a free moment to do something else than to recover and rest. Most physicians have great difficulty starting or even maintaining a hobby. But there are exceptions.‎ Take Menno Baars for instance. He works full time as a cardiologist(心脏病专家)in a hospital in Holland. "Full time" might still be an understatement-as a cardiologist he spends about 60 hours a week in the hospital. However，after a long day of work，he likes to come home and spend hours doing what is his great passion: painting.‎ How can he find the time and energy to live a life that few others can pursue?" "Actually it is quite simple. If you like what you do, you will find a way to do it. Don't get me wrong. I love cardiology, but it is not a very creative profession," says Baars."It is a specialty that is based on strict treatment guidelines, without much room for your own ideas and creativity. That is why painting as a hobby is so wonderful. There are no rules and I can do whatever I want."‎ Although there are no rules in painting, for Baars it is still some sort of a ‎ custom. The only thing that reminds the painter Baars of the cardiologist Baars is his white coat and his surgical gloves which he wears every time he is painting." I sometimes start at 10 at night and can continue working until 4:30 in the morning and still make it to work on time that same day," says Baars."That is the advantage of my training as a medical specialist. I get used to making crazy hours and long nights."‎ You would think that someone who is so driven by his passion for painting was already fascinated by art as a little kid." Not at all," says Baars unexpectedly." I never dreamed of becoming a painter. My parents expected me to finish college and pursue a professional career. I only realized my passion for painting after having completed medical school. Once I was attracted by a painting of Miro, but could not afford it. So I decided to paint myself. I just started painting lines, but within minutes a beautiful dove was on the canvas. I suddenly realized this is what I want to do."‎ A successful doctor. A successful painter. It seems unfair to have the two identities in one person. What do his fellow cardiologists think of his passion for painting？“They accept it and actually appreciate it as well. You see，if I was a cardiologist who provided suboptimal(未达最佳标准的)care for his patients，they would not agree. My chairman told me a few years ago in the hospital that he would rather see me reading cardiology books at night than see me holding a paint brush.”‎ ‎“I used to pack a lot of ideas into each painting-different shapes，colors and so on. I still have tons of ideas，which is not the problem. But I do strive for more simplicity. To depict a simple idea clearly is my goal. Also my technique has improved over time. When I started out，the paint would sometimes flake(剥落)if the basis was not good，but that doesn't happen anymore these days.”‎ Menno Baars never has any doubts when he is painting. However，he does like the response he gets from the most important woman in his life. His wife is the first to see each newly-finished painting." Sometimes when I finish a new painting in the middle of the night, I wake her up to see if she likes it. She doesn't always like to be woken up, but she always gives an honest answer.‎ Even if she doesn't like it, for me the painting is finished. I won't change it afterwards. It is more of the feeling that once my wife has seen it, it is ready to be presented to the rest of the world."‎ ‎65. Why does Menno Baars like painting?‎ A. Because he dislikes rules very much.‎ B. Because he feels bored with his work.‎ C. Because he wants to pursue a career as a painter.‎ D. Because he finds painting a creative process.‎ ‎66. Baars wears his working uniform while painting to_______.‎ A. help him work late into the night B. make himself feel easy and comfortable C. remember his identity as cardiologist D. remind himself to work on time next morning ‎67. Baars developed the hobby of painting _______.‎ A. when he completed a beautiful painting B. when he was a very young child C. to live up to his parents' expectations D. to spend his leisure time at home ‎68. What is Baars' colleagues' attitude towards him?‎ A. They can't hide their envy at his success.‎ B. They don't expect too much of his paintings.‎ C. They think he should put his job as a doctor first.‎ D. They don't think he should spend time painting.‎ ‎69. Baars is trying to make his paintings_______.‎ A. full of different colors B. clearly convey a simple idea C. special with creative ideas D. improve with modern techniques ‎70. If Menno Baars gets a negative response from his wife he_______.‎ A. will probably feel very disappointed B. will still keep the painting and have it presented C. will accept her advice and change the painting D. will never ask for her ‎ opinion any more ‎【答案】65. D 66. C 67. A 68. C 69. B 70. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。有些工作要求如此之高，以至于除了恢复和休息，没有空闲时间做别的事情。大多数医生很难开始甚至保持一种爱好。但也有例外。文章讲述的是心脏专家Baars把绘画当作业余爱好的故事。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中I love cardiology, but it is not a very creative profession," says Baars."It is a specialty that is based on strict treatment guidelines, without much room for your own ideas and creativity. That is why painting as a hobby is so wonderful. There are no rules and I can do whatever I want."（我喜欢心脏病学，但它不是一个非常有创造力的专业，”Baars说。这是一个基于严格治疗指南的专业，没有太多的空间留给你自己的想法和创造力。这就是为什么绘画作为一种爱好是如此美妙。没有规则，我想做什么就做什么。）可知，Menno Baars之所以喜欢绘画是因为他发现绘画是一个创造性的过程。故选D。‎ ‎【66题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中The only thing that reminds the painter Baars of the cardiologist Baars is his white coat and his surgical gloves which he wears every time he is painting.（唯一能让画家Baars想起心脏病专家Baars的是他的白色外套和他每次作画时戴的手术手套。）可知，Baars在画画时穿着工作服，以提醒他作为心脏病专家的身份。故选C。‎ ‎【67题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第五段中Once I was attracted by a painting of Miro, but could not afford it. So I decided to paint myself. I just started painting lines, but within minutes a beautiful dove was on the canvas. I suddenly realized this is what I want to do.（有一次，我被Miro的一幅画吸引住了，但买不起。所以我决定自己画画。我刚开始画线条，但几分钟后，一只美丽的鸽子出现在画布上。我突然意识到这就是我想做的。）可知，当Baars完成一幅漂亮的画时，他就养成了绘画的爱好。故选A。‎ ‎【68题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第六段中“They accept it and actually appreciate it as well. You see，if I was a cardiologist who provided suboptimal(未达最佳标准的)care for his patients，they would not agree. My chairman told me a few years ago in the hospital that he would rather see me reading cardiology books at night than see me holding a paint brush.”（他们接受它，实际上也欣赏它。你看，如果我是心脏病专家，为病人提供未达标准的护理，他们不会同意的。几年前，我的董事长在医院告诉我，他宁愿看到我晚上读心脏病学的书，也不愿看到我拿着画笔。）可知，Baars的同事对他的态度是“他们认为他应该把医生的工作放在首位。”故选C。‎ ‎【69题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第七段中But I do strive for more simplicity. To depict a simple idea clearly is my goal.（但我确实力求更简单。清晰地描述一个简单的想法是我的目标。）可知，Baars试图使他的画清楚地传达一个简单的想法。故选B。‎ ‎【70题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段Even if she doesn't like it, for me the painting is finished. I won't change it afterwards. It is more of the feeling that once my wife has seen it, it is ready to be presented to the rest of the world." （即使她不喜欢，对我来说，这幅画已经完成了。以后我就不换了。这更像是一种感觉，一旦我妻子看到它，它就会被展示给世界其他地方。）可知，如果曼诺·巴尔斯得到妻子的否定回应，他仍然会保留这幅画，并把它展示出来。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】做推理判断题时，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。本题第6小题，根据最后一段Even if she doesn't like it, for me the painting is finished. I won't change it afterwards. It is more of the feeling that once my wife has seen it, it is ready to be presented to the rest of the world." 即使她不喜欢，对我来说，这幅画已经完成了。以后我就不换了。这更像是一种感觉，一旦我妻子看到它，它就会被展示给世界其他地方。”可知，如果曼诺·巴尔斯得到妻子的否定回应，他仍然会保留这幅画，并把它展示出来。故选B。‎ 第二卷(非选择题共35分)‎ 第四部分:任务型阅读(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。‎ Pretending you're someone else can make you creative One great irony(讽刺) about our collective fascination with creativity is that we tend to frame it in uncreative ways. That is to say, most of us marry creativity to our concept of self: We are either “creative” people or we aren't，without much of a middle ground.‎ Pillay, a tech businessman and Harvard professor has spent a good part of his career destroying these ideas. Pillay believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to dismiss the conventional advice that urges you to “believe in yourself”. In fact, you should do the exact opposite: believe you are someone else.‎ In a recent column for Harvard Business Review, Pillay pointed to a 2016 study showing the impact of stereotypes(刻板印象)on one's behavior. The authors, education psychologists Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar, divided their collegestudent subjects into three categories, instructing the members of one group to think of themselves as “eccentric(古怪的) poets” and the members of another to imagine they were “rigid librarians”(people in the third category, the control group, were left alone for this part). The researchers then presented participants with 10 ordinary objects，including a fork, a carrot, and a pair of pants, and asked them to come up with as many different uses as possible for each one. Those who were asked to imagine themselves as “eccentric poets” came up with the widest range of ideas for the objects, while those in the “rigid librarian” group had the fewest. Meanwhile, the researchers found only small differences in students' creativity levels across academic majors—in fact, the physics majors inhabiting(寄生) the personas(伪装的外表) of “eccentric poets” came up with more ideas than the art majors did.‎ These results, write Dumas and Dunbar, suggest that creativity is not an individual quality, but a “malleable(可塑的) product of context and perspective.” Everyone can be creative, as long as they feel like creative people.‎ Pillay's work takes this a step further: He argues that identifying yourself with creativity is less powerful than the creative act of imagining you're somebody ‎ else. This exercise, which he calls “psychological halloweenism”， refers to the conscious action of inhabiting another persona—an inner costuming of the self. It works because it is an act of “conscious unfocus”， a way of positively stimulating the default mode(默认模式) network, a collection of brain regions that spring into action when you're not focused on a specific task or thought.‎ Most of us spend too much time worrying about two things: How successful/unsuccessful we are, and how little we're focusing on the task at hand. The former feeds the latter—an unfocused person is an unsuccessful one, we believe. Thus, we force ourselves into quiet areas, buy noisecanceling headphones, and hate ourselves for taking breaks.‎ What makes Pillay's argument stand out is its healthy, forgiving realism: According to him, most people spend nearly half of their days in a state of “unfocus”. This doesn't make us lazy people—it makes us human. The idea behind psychological halloweenism is: What if we stopped judging ourselves for our mental down time, and instead started using it? Putting this new idea on daydreaming means addressing two problems at once: You're making yourself more creative, and you're giving yourself permission to do something you'd otherwise feel guilty about. Imagining yourself in a new situation, or an entirely new identity, never felt so productive.‎ Title: Pretending you're someone else can make you creative Some misleading ideasabout creativity ‎●Most of us are ____71____ with the idea that we are either creative or we are not: there doesn't exist a middle ground in between.‎ ‎●____72____ to popular belief，Pillay's suggestion is that you should believe you are someone else.‎ Dumas and Dunbar's study ‎●One group were asked to think of themselves as “eccentric poets”，another “rigid librarians” and a third ____73____ as the control group.‎ ‎●The former two groups were required to come up with as many different uses as possible ‎ for each ____74____ object.‎ ‎●The level of students' ____75____ is not always in direct proportion to the type of academic majors.‎ ‎●Therefore, creativity is probably a product of context and perspective rather than something ____76____.‎ Pillay's further study ‎●The exercise of “psychological halloweenism” refers to the conscious action of being others by ____77____ stimulating the default mode network.‎ ‎●Pillay ____78____ firmly to the idea of imaging you're someone else and advises us not to worry about how successful/unsuccessful we are.‎ The ____79____significance of the exercise ‎●We should start using it instead of stopping judging ourselves for our mental down time.‎ ‎●We have every right to ______80______ ourselves for being unfocused because it is not only human but also makes us more creative and productive.‎ ‎【答案】71. fascinated/impressed ‎ ‎72. Contrary ‎ ‎73. worked/acted/served/functioned ‎ ‎74. given 75. creativity ‎ ‎76. individual/personal ‎ ‎77. positively ‎ ‎78. subscribes ‎ ‎79. realistic/practical ‎ ‎80. forgive ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。短文讲述了经过研究，假装你是别人会让你更有创造力。‎ ‎【71题详解】‎ 同义转换。根据第一段第一句One great irony(讽刺) about our collective fascination with creativity is that we tend to frame it in uncreative ways.可知，我们大多数人对自己要么有创造力要么没有创造力的想法印象深刻：两者之间不存在中间地带。故答案为fascinated/impressed。‎ ‎【72题详解】‎ 同义转换。根据第二段中Pillay believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to dismiss the conventional advice that urges you to “believe in yourself”. In fact, you should do the exact opposite: believe you are someone else.可知，与普遍的看法相反，皮莱的建议是，你应该相信你是别人。故答案为Contrary。‎ ‎【73题详解】‎ 同义转换。根据第三段中instructing the members of one group to think of themselves as “eccentric(古怪的) poets” and the members of another to imagine they were “rigid librarians”(people in the third category, the control group, were left alone for this part).可知，其中一组被要求认为自己是“古怪的诗人”，另一组是“刻板的图书管理员”，第三组作为对照组。故答案为worked/acted/served/functioned。‎ ‎【74题详解】‎ 句意理解。根据第三段中The researchers then presented participants with 10 ordinary objects，including a fork, a carrot, and a pair of pants, and asked them to come up with as many different uses as possible for each one.可知，前两组被要求为每个给定对象想出尽可能多的不同用途。故答案为given。‎ ‎【75题详解】‎ 句意理解。根据第三段中Meanwhile, the researchers found only small differences in students' creativity levels across academic majors—in fact, the physics majors inhabiting(寄生) the personas(伪装的外表) of “eccentric poets” came up with more ideas than the art majors ‎ did.可知，学生的创造力水平并不总是与专业类型成正比。故答案为creativity。‎ ‎【76题详解】‎ 原词复现。根据第四段These results, write Dumas and Dunbar, suggest that creativity is not an individual quality, but a “malleable(可塑的) product of context and perspective.”可知，因此，创造力可能是环境和视角的产物，而不是个人的东西。故答案为individual/personal。‎ ‎【77题详解】‎ 词义转换。根据第五段中This exercise, which he calls “psychological halloweenism”， refers to the conscious action of inhabiting another persona—an inner costuming of the self. It works because it is an act of “conscious unfocus”， a way of positively stimulating the default mode(默认模式) network.可知，“psychological halloweenism”的实施是指通过积极刺激默认模式网络，有意识地成为他人的行为。故答案为positively。‎ ‎【78题详解】‎ 句意理解。根据最后一段中Pillay's work takes this a step further: He argues that identifying yourself with creativity is less powerful than the creative act of imagining you're somebody else. .可知，Pillay坚决支持把你想象成别人的观点，并建议我们不要担心自己有多成功或不成功。故答案为subscribes。‎ ‎【79题详解】‎ 概括总结。根据右栏内容可知这里在讲述“演习的现实意义”。故答案为realistic/practical。‎ ‎【80题详解】‎ 推理判断。根据最后一段中You're making yourself more creative, and you're giving yourself permission to do something you'd otherwise feel guilty about. Imagining yourself in a new situation, or an entirely new identity, never felt so productive.可知，我们完全有权利原谅自己注意力不集中，因为这不仅是人性的表现，而且还能让我们更有创造力和富有成效。故答案为forgive。‎ 第五部分:书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎81.请阅读下面的两幅漫画，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。‎ 随着网络的普及，日常生活中信息的传播速度大大加快，但与此同时也出现了一些问题。请根据你对这两幅漫画的理解，以“Prevention Is Better Than Treatment”为题，用英语写一篇短文。‎ 你的短文应包含以下内容：‎ ‎1. 用约30词描述图片的内容；‎ ‎2. 谈谈你对图片的理解；‎ ‎3. 说明你对此事的观点（至少两点）。‎ 参考词汇：网络谣言online rumors 注意：‎ ‎1. 可参照图片及所给文字提示适当发挥；‎ ‎2. 词数150左右，标题已经给出，不计入总词数；‎ ‎3. 作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等 ‎__________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】As is vividly shown in the pictures, the computer is releasing various information, facts and rumors included, and a pair of scissors is firmly cutting the long tongue of the online rumors.‎ What the pictures convey to us is clear. With too much information given out online every day, it’s hard for people to distinguish between the true and false. Once false ‎ information gets released, it will cause great harm and losses. What’s worse, online rumors are so powerful that they have brought about negative influences on the social order and people’s daily lives.‎ From my perspective, prevention is better than treatment. To wrestle with the tough situation, the authorities are expected to make laws to regulate the release of online information and strengthen supervision to stop online rumours from spreading. Meanwhile, social media as well as individuals are supposed to obey rules and regulations. Only with joint efforts can we create a civilized and harmonious society.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇任务型写作。根据所给两幅漫画，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。‎ ‎【详解】本文是一篇任务型写作。用随着网络的普及，日常生活中信息的传播速度大大加快，但与此同时也出现了一些问题。请根据你对这两幅漫画的理解，以“Prevention Is Better Than Treatment”为题，用英语写一篇短文。你的短文应包含以下内容:1.用约30词描述图片的内容；2.谈谈你对图片的理解；3.说明你对此事的观点(至少两点)。第二部分给出了写作提纲，三大要点是中心。注意完成第一任务时，语言使用应简练、准确、到位。在第二个任务中，应涵盖题目所列出的三大要点。本文应主要使用一般现在时态。写作过程中注意使用平时学到的短语和句型，注意行文的连贯和逻辑性。‎ ‎【点睛】本文是一篇任务型写作。要点齐全，层次分明，文中使用高级句子。As is vividly shown in the pictures, the computer is releasing various information, facts and rumors included,句中as引导非限制性定语从句；What the pictures convey to us is clear.句中what引导主语从句；With too much information given out online every day, it’s hard for people to distinguish between the true and false. 句中使用with的符合结构；Once false information gets released, it will cause great harm and losses.句中once引导条件状语从句；Only with joint efforts can we create a civilized and harmonious society.倒装句用在句中。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎