高考英语考点13 将来时 10页

1 考点 13 将来时 高考频度：★★★★★ 考向一 一般将来时 1.shall 用于第一人称，常被 will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。 Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先读哪一段呢？ Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗？ 2.be going to +不定式，表示将来。 　 a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。 What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？ 　 b. 计划或安排要发生的事。 The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。 　 c. 有迹象要发生的事。 Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。 3.be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday. 我们下星期六讨论这份报告。 4.be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。 He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。 　 注意：be about to do 不能与 tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 5.一般现在时表将来。 a. 下列动词 come，go，arrive，leave，start，begin，return 的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示 在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。 The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。 —When does the bus star? 汽车什么时候开？ —It stars in ten minutes. 十分钟后。 b. 以 here，there 等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。 Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。 2 There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。 c. 在时间或条件句中。 When Bill comes 不是 will come., ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后，让他等我。 I’ll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就写信给你。 d. 在动词 hope，take care that，make sure that 等的宾语从句中。 I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。 Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 离开房间前，务必把窗户关了。 6.用现在进行时表示将来。 下列动词 come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return 等现在进行时可以表示将来。 I’m leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。 Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿待到下周吗？ 【易混辨析】 be going to 用于条件句时，be going to 表将来 If you are going to make a journey, you’d better get ready for it as soon as possible. will 用于条件句时， will 表意愿 Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror. 如果你脱掉衣服，我们将在镜子前 为你穿上新的衣服。 be to 表示客观安排或受 人指示而做某事 I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. (客观安排) be going to 表示主观的打算或 计划 I’m going to play football tomorrow afternoon. (主观安排) —Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment. —All right. I ____________ him later. A. will call B. have called C. call D will be calling 【答案】A 3 【名师点睛】本题根据对话形式进行时态考查，句中包含的时间状语是解答此题的突破点。所以要做好此 类题，一定要注意题中有没有明确的时间点，或者其他可以代替时间点的词，所以根据时间状语可以看出 正确答案。*网 考向二 过去将来时 1. 过去将来时的定义 过去将来时主要用于表示过去某个时候看来即将发生的动作或存在的状态。 He said he would come here next Friday. 他说他下周五来这儿。 I knew that he would help us when we were in trouble. 我知道当我们陷入困境时他会帮助我们。 2. 过去将来时的结构 （1） would + 动词原形 She told us that she would try her best to catch up with other classmates this term. 她告诉我们说她将一切努 力在本学期赶上其他同学。 When you asked Li Lei for help, he would never refuse you. 当你请李雷帮忙时，他绝不会拒绝。 （2）was / were going to + 动词原形 He told us that he was going to attend the meeting. 他告诉我说他要参加那次会议。 He said that I was going to be sent to meet her at the railway station. 他说将要派我去火车站接她。 （3）was / were to + 动词原形。 The building was to be completed next month. 这座建筑该在下个月竣工。 Li Lei was to arrive soon. 李雷很快就要到了。 （4）was / were about to + 动词原形。 We were about to leave there when it began to rain heavily and suddenly. 就在我们要离开时，天突然下起了 大雨。 He was about to have lunch when the bell rang. 就在他要吃中饭的时候，门铃响了。 （5）was / were +现在分词。 He was leaving the next day. 他第二天要走了。 We were informed that the leaders were coming to our school soon. 我们接到通知说领导们很快要来我们学 校。 3. 过去将来时的用法 4 （1）过去将来时，一般用于主句为过去时的宾语从句中。 He said he would stay with us. 他说他要与我们待在一起。 He said he would never go there again. 他说他绝不会再去那儿。 （2）过去将来时，用于虚拟语气中。 If I were you, I would not do that. 如果我是你的话，我就不会那样做。 If he were here, he would show us how to do it. 如果他在这儿，他就会向我们展示该如何做了。 【归纳拓展】 was / were going to + 动词原形，was / were to + 动词原形，was / were about to + 动词原形等结构都可表 达当时一种未曾实现的意图或打算。 The conference was going to be held the next month. 会议下个月开。 We were to have our class at eight. 八点我们该上课了。 Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he ____________ a famous scientist whose theories would change the world. A. has been B. had been C. was going to be D. was 【答案】C 【名师点睛】分析四个选项可以知道，该题考查的其实是不同的时态。掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握 好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题，如本题的 1879, would change 的提示。另外也 要结合使用语境综合分析选项，最终得出答案。 5 题组一 基础过关 用 will/be going to 填空 1. I think I ____________ pass the English test tomorrow. 2. Try this cake. You ____________ like it! 3. Many scientists say the climate ____________ change a lot in the next hundred years. 4. Look at the clouds!It ____________ rain. 5. He ____________ be twenty years old. 6. I’m tired. I think I ____________ go to bed. 7. I ____________ beat you if you do that again. 8. He is seriously ill. He ____________ die. 题组二 能力提升 I.单项填空 1.A kind of newly-made shoes, if put into the market, _________ large orders because the heels can switch from 4 to 9 centimeters. A. meets B. will meet C. has met D. met 2.—Hi, Lily. Don’t forget to watch I’m a Singer at 20: 10 this Friday! —What a pity! I_________ in a plane to Hainan for a meeting then. A. will sit B. will be sitting C.am sitting D. sit 3.—Hi, Mr. Smith. Which department do you work in? —I am in the Marketing Department now, but I_________ in the Sales Department before long. A. worked B. will work C. have worked D. will have worked 4.—Did you inform Mary of the change of our plan? —Oh no, I forgot. I _________and tell her. A. call B.am to call C.am going to call D. will call 5.No matter how advanced modern equipment is, letters_________ in expressing people’s feelings. A. will never replace B. will never be replaced C. never replace D. have never been replaced 6.The radio broadcast said that it _________tomorrow. 6 A. was not going to snow B. was not snowing C. would not snow D. was not to snow 7.I _________Mr. Ked the next day, but the appointment has been cancelled. A. was going to see B. saw C. had seen D. will see 8.I thought he_________ that evening party, but to my surprise, he came. A. wouldn’t attend B. hadn’t attended C. didn’t attend D. won’t attend 9.She told us she_________a movie with us if she was free. A. will see B.is going to see C. would see D. saw 10.My mother promised she_________me a present unless I passed all the exams. A. had not given B. would not give C. will not give D. does not give II.语法填空 More than 1,250 lit stalls(货摊)brighten the center of Thailand’s capital city, 　1　(provide) a multicolored sight. The shelter, 　 2 　 is designed for the thousands of traders and shoppers at Bangkok’s night market, has become an 　3　(attract) itself. The market, which 　4　(call) Train Night Market Ratchada in English, was opened in January 2015 and has become 　5　popular spot for locals and tourists. Software engineer Prasad Ambati visited the market and took the landscape photographs from a nearby car park. "Those 　6　(color) tents and people shopping, eating at stalls and the flashing lights were great. The tents made me think of a giant painting." This is 　7　(primary) a market that sells yesteryear(旧时) goods, old-fashioned 　8　(collection) of clothes, motorbikes, and second-hand toys. There are also plenty of general market things for sale, 　9　cheap clothes, shoes, bags, and other fashion items. But above all it’s one of the best places for street food, open-air bars with live music frequently 　10　(perform) all over. 题组三 体验真题 1.（2017·新课标 I 卷改编）Our exhibits _________( feed) your mind, but what about your body? 7 2.（2017·北京卷改编）The first magazine with your gift message ________( arrive) in time for the special day. 3.（2017·新课标 I 卷改编）The parents had done their duty and ___________( probably ,continue )to do so. 4.(2015·湖南)As you go through this book, you ________ that each of the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experience. A. will find B. found C. had found D. have found 5.(2015·陕西)At college, Barack Obama didn’t know that he the first black president of the United States of America. A. was to become B. becomes C. is to become D. became 题组一 基础过关 用 will/be going to 填空 1. will 2. will 3. will 4. is going to 5. will 6. will 7. will 8. is going to 题组二 能力提升 I.单项填空 1.B 【解析】考查时态。句意：一种新款的鞋，一旦投入市场，将会接到大量订单，因为这种鞋的鞋跟高度可 以在 4 到 9 厘米之间变化。结合句意，此处表示将来的动作。故答案选 B。 2.B 3.B 【解析】考查时态。句意：——你好， Smith 先生。你在哪个部门工作? ——我现在在市场部， 但我不久 就要到销售部工作。根据 before long 推知此处表将来的动作 ， 故选项 B 正确。*网 4.D 8 【解析】考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，空处表示说话者临时要做的事情，所以用"will+动词原形"。be going to do 表示说话者已经决定的计划或安排要做的事，be to do 表示计划中约定的或按职责、义务和要求必须去 做的事或即将发生的动作，均不符合语境。 5.B 6.A 【解析】考查过去将来时。句意：无线电广播说明天不会下雪。be going to do sth.可用于谈天气，表示根据 某种明显的迹象推断将有某种天气变化。 7.A 【解析】考查过去将来时。句意：我本打算第二天去看 Ked 先生，但是约会被取消了。was going to do sth. 有"(过去)本打算做某事"之意，言外之意是这个打算没有实现。 8.A 【解析】考查过去将来时。句意：我以为他不会参加那个晚会，但是令我惊讶的是，他来了。由句中另外 两个动词用的是一般过去时可知，从句应用过去时态。"他不会来"应发生在"我以为"之后，故用过去将来时。 9.C 【解析】考查过去将来时。句意：她告诉我们，如果她有空，她将会和我们一起看电影。"看电影"还没发生， 要用将来时，而主句 told 是一般过去时，宾语从句也要用过去时态。所以用过去将来时。 10.B 【解析】考查过去将来时。主句用一般过去时，因此宾语从句也要用过去时态。宾语从句又是一个带条件 状语从句的主从复合句，根据"主将从现"的规则，从句用一般过去时，主句则用过去将来时。 II.语法填空 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了位于曼谷的夜市 Train Night Market Ratchada。 1.providing 【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词;provide 与其逻辑主语 stalls 之间为主 谓关系，故用现在分词短语作状语。 2.which 9 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是 The shelter，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，故用 which。 3.attraction 【解析】考查词性转换。根据空前的 an 可知，此处应填名词 attraction "游览胜地，具有吸引力的事物"。 7.primarily 【解析】考查词性转换。此处修饰谓语动词，应该用副词，故填 primarily。 8.collections 【解析】考查名词复数。空前无冠词或者形容词性物主代词，加之 collection"收藏物，收藏品"是可数名词， 故填 collections。 9.like 【解析】考查介词。like 意为"像，如"，用来列举事物。 10.performed 【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处是"with+宾语+宾补"复合结构。宾语 music 和 perform 之间是逻辑上的被动 关系，故用过去分词作宾补。 题组三 体验真题 1. will feed 【解析】根据语境可知，此处应用一般将来时。 2. will arrive 【解析】根据语境可知，此处应用一般将来时。 3. would probably continue 【解析】根据语境可知，此处表示过去的将来，故用过去将来时。 10 4.A 5.A 【解析】句意：在大学的时候，奥巴马不知道他将成为美国第一个黑人总统。用过去将来时表示过去某个 时间将要发生的事情，所以选 A。