2021届高考英语一轮总复习Book7Unit2Robots课时跟踪练 人教版 7页

课时跟踪练32 Unit 2 Robots Ⅰ.阅读理解 A The long，white robot weighs more than 450 kilograms.Like other robots，it is equipped with cameras and mechanical arms to automatically perform many different jobs.‎ Angus is a major part of operations at Alexander's indoor robot farm about 40 kilometres south of San Francisco.The 743square metre farm uses a hydroponic system that grows plants without soil.The plants grow inside equipment that provides a continuous flow of water.The indoor farm uses electrical light instead of sunlight.‎ This kind of farm uses much less water and does not require human labor to run.The main job for Angus is to move thousands of plants around the farm，from small containers to larger ones as they grow.Angus also carries plants to another robot that does not have a name yet.Angus moves slowly to complete its work.But the robot is very strong and can lift about 300 kilograms.‎ For now，the farm uses humans to collect vegetables and other crops when they are ready.But Alexander says he is working on a robot that will eventually take over that job too.‎ Alexander helped start the company Iron Ox after leaving Google，where he worked on robotics at the company's Google X project. He teamed up with another former Google employee，Jon Binney.Together they founded Iron Ox.‎ Iron Ox's website says the hydroponic growing system uses 90 percent less water.It also says the growing method is up to 30 times more productive than growing crops on land.‎ Alexander says growing food robotically throughout the year in major cities will provide more consistent and fresh products.Most of the vegetables sold in the US are grown in California，Arizona，Mexico and other nations.That means that many people in the US cities are eating vegetables that are nearly a week old by the time they arrive at stores.‎ Indoor farms operate all year round and are not generally affected by bad weather.This will permit the company to provide a steady flow of goods without major price changes.‎ - 7 -‎ ‎1．How does Angus work in the farm?‎ A．It provides a continuous flow of water for the plants.‎ B．It directs other robots to work in the farm.‎ C．It works on collecting vegetables.‎ D．It is in charge of transferring plants.‎ ‎2．What do we know about Alexander?‎ A．He used to work on robotics at Google.‎ B．He started a company studying robotics with Binney.‎ C．He works on collecting crops when they are ready.‎ D．He started Iron Ox by himself.‎ ‎3．What's the advantage of Alexander's farm?‎ A．The vegetables from his farm sell at a higher price.‎ B．The vegetables from his farm are more nutritious.‎ C．It uses electrical light instead of sunlight.‎ D．It uses less water but produces more.‎ ‎4．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the test?‎ A．Robot Farm，the Future of the Agriculture B．Robot Farm，Aiming to Bring Fresher Food to the US Cities C．Alexander，an Extraordinary Scientist on Robotics D．Hydroponic System，the New Way of Farming ‎【语篇解读】　本文介绍了新型机器人农场是如何运作的，具体包括其操作流程、优势以及未来发展方向。‎ ‎1．解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Angus also carries plants to another robot that does not have a name yet.”可知，安格斯会把植物运送到另一个还没有名字的机器人那里。由此可知，安格斯负责搬运植物。故选D项。‎ 答案：D ‎2．解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Alexander helped start the company Iron Ox after leaving Google，where he worked on robotics at the company's Google X project.”可知，亚历山大离开谷歌之前致力于机器人制造项目。故选A项。‎ 答案：A ‎3．解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“the hydroponic growing system uses 90 percent less water.It also says the growing method is up to 30 times more productive than growing crops on land”可知，亚历山大的农场的水栽种植系统所需的用水量比陆地种植少90%，而产量却是陆地上的庄稼产量的30‎ - 7 -‎ 倍。因此，这个农场的优点是用水更少，但产量更高。故选D项。‎ 答案：D ‎4．解析：主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了机器人农场及其优势等，且它旨在为更多的美国城市带来更新鲜的食物。故选B项。‎ 答案：B B Nowadays six Amazon Scout delivery robots are rolled out in a pilot programme in Snohomish County，Wash.The robots carry meals，groceries and packages to homes and offices in this region just north of Seattle.They have appeared on the sidewalks of London，Beijing and other cities and communities worldwide.These machines must overcome pedestrian legs，naughty dogs and broken pavement，which raises some questions.‎ These services are gaining attraction as a growing number of city residents expect immediate or scheduled delivery for just about everything.Between 2016 and 2017 online retail sales in the US increased by 16 percent.On the final step of all these deliveries，called the last mile，humans on bicycles，motorized scooters(电动车)or large delivery trucks typically deliver packages.All the vehicles compete for space on busy urban streets.“Deliveries are trending upwards in all crowded city centres，and if city and state leaders don't start thinking about creative solutions like robot deliveries，we can expect even worse traffic jams，”says Paul Mackie，director of a transportation policy research centre in Arlington.‎ A study by this centre found 73 percent of delivery vehicles in Arlington were parked outside of authorized areas，often blocking bike lanes and crosswalk.By moving the last step of deliveries from the road to the sidewalk，cities could reduce traffic jams and solve the parking problem entirely，Mackie says.‎ Companies such as Amazon are not developing this delivery technology simply to clear up urban traffic.Selfdriving vehicles and sidewalk robots could cut down lastmile delivery costs in cities by as much as 40 percent，according to a 2018 report by a consultancy firm.A delivery robot can cost thousands of dollars to manufacture，and most currently require human management and conservation. But in the long run companies that use autonomous delivery vehicles in the next several years could end up saving billions of dollars，the repot stated.‎ ‎5．Why does Amazon introduce delivery robots?‎ A．To amuse its customers.‎ B．To avoid pedestrians，dogs and broken pavement.‎ - 7 -‎ C．To meet the increasing demand of delivering packages.‎ D．To confirm the companys's innovation spirit.‎ ‎6．What does Paul Mackie mean by his words in Paragraph 2?‎ A．Retail sales in the US increased fast.‎ B．Deliveries stay steady in all crowded city centres.‎ C．Regardless of robot deliveries，traffic jams will remain the same.‎ D．Robots can help ease the traffic pressure.‎ ‎7．What can the robot delivery bring to the city?‎ A．Blocking bike lanes and crosswalks.‎ B．Relieving urban traffic as well as saving delivery costs.‎ C．Increasing danger to pedestrians.‎ D．Leading to traffic Jams.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，旨在说明目前城市中送货所带来的问题以及送货机器人的出现对城市所产生的影响。‎ ‎5．解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These services are gaining attraction as a growing number of city residents expect immediate or scheduled delivery for just about everything”可知，人们因为对包裹投递的需求一直在增加，所以对送货机器人很感兴趣，故选C。‎ 答案：C ‎6．解析：推理判断题。第二段中保罗·麦基说的话意为“包裹投递在所有拥挤的城市中心(逐渐)增多，如果城市和州的的领导者不开始思考创造性的解决方案，比如机器人派送，我们可能会面临更糟糕的交通堵塞”，由此可见，机器人可以帮助缓解交通压力，故选D。‎ 答案：D ‎7．解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段前两句可知：机器人送货不仅可以减少交通堵塞，而且可以节约成本。故选B。‎ 答案：B Ⅱ.七选五 College is the time when you're expected to focus on your path in life.But it's also the time you're the least equipped to have any longterm plan. 1 ．‎ The whole process can be divided into three stages.‎ The first is “gathering fuel”．This means building up your skills，learning from different experiences and developing a network of people who you trust and who trust you.And this is a stage that requires patience and a willingness to identify your own weaknesses and work on them.If you complete this stage with a growing sense - 7 -‎ ‎ of what you love to do and what you are good at， 2 ．‎ The second stage is “burning fuel”．This is the time to improve the skills you've obtained through experiences，the people you've met along the way and the recognition of what you should do. 3 ．We want to get where we're going in a hurry，but that hardly works.‎ ‎ 4 ．Simply speaking，it's about staying strong，while turning an eye toward what lies ahead.It's a surprisingly long journey and most people underestimate it.You can't expect an ideal life to happen by itself.You must recognize that no matter where you are on the path，each step is there to teach you something，feeding you that fuel.‎ If you're not doing what you want，you need more fuel—so go out and get it. 5 ‎ A．you are winning B．that will come true C．The last part is “saving fuel”‎ D．The final part is “filling fuel”‎ E．Here are some tips on how to aim your sights into the future F．It seems that most of us try to jump straight to the next stage G．And if you're doing what you want，keep moving and don't settle ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了一个人在大学阶段应如何为自己的将来作准备。文章从三个方面给出了指导建议：积聚能量、释放能量以及补充能量，以帮助大学生为将来做好充分的准备。‎ ‎1．解析：根据上文中的“College is the time when you're expected to focus on your path in life.But it's also the time you're the least equipped to have any longterm plan.”可知，大学是为将来人生之路作铺垫的时期，但这段时间却不具备制订长期计划的能力。再根据下文中的The whole process可知，设空处应为过渡句，应该接着讲如何放眼未来，为未来打算。E项(这是几条关于你如何着眼未来的建议)符合语境。故选E项。‎ 答案：E ‎2．解析：设空处为主句，从格式上来讲，只有A项和B项符合。根据条件状语从句If you complete this stage with a growing sense of what you love to do and what you are good at可知，如果你在完成这一阶段的过程中，越来越感觉到自己喜欢做什么并且擅长做什么，那说明你正走向成功。故选A项。‎ 答案：A ‎3．解析：根据空后内容“We want to get where we're going in a hurry，but that hardly works.”可知，我们想匆匆实现目标，但是那很难奏效。结合选项可知，F项(‎ - 7 -‎ 我们中的大多数人似乎都设法直接跨到下一阶段)既承接上文的“这是提高技能的时刻”，又引出下文对操之过急的结果的进一步阐述。故选F项。‎ 答案：F ‎4．解析：根据设空处的位置可知，本空应为段落主题句。再结合前面两个主题句的格式，可将答案锁定在C项和D项。本段主要讲述了如何补充能量，让自己保持强大。故filling fuel符合语境。故选D项。‎ 答案：D ‎5．解析：根据本空前一句“If you're not doing what you want，you need more fuel—so go out and get it.”并结合选项可知，本空应与上一句构成并列关系。G项中的“if you're doing”与前一句中的“If you're not doing”相照应，且句意符合语境。故选G项。‎ 答案：G Ⅲ.语法填空 During the teenage years，many young people can at times be difficult to talk to.They often seem 1. (dislike) being questioned.They may be 2. (willing) to talk about their work in school.This is a normal 3. (develop) at this age，though it can be very hard for parents to understand.It is part of 4. (become) independent.They try to be adult while they are still growing up.They are usually more willing to talk if they believe that questions 5. ‎ ‎(ask) out of real interest and not because people are trying to check up on them.‎ Parents should do their best to talk to their sons and daughters ‎ ‎6. their schoolwork and future plan 7. should not push them to talk if they don't want to.As they try to be adult，8. ‎ ‎(teenager) may experiment with drugs，alcohol or smoking，so parents should 9. (careful)watch for any sign of unusual behaviour 10. may be connected with these and get help if necessary.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　青少年可能不喜欢谈论学校的功课，这在青少年阶段是很正常的。如果他们乐意的话，父母可以和他们谈谈学习和未来的打算；但是如果他们不乐意的话，最好不要勉强。另外，父母还要注意青少年常犯的一些错误。‎ ‎1．解析：考查非谓语动词。seem to do sth为固定用法，意为“似乎要做某事”。句意为：他们似乎不喜欢被盘问。故填to dislike。‎ 答案：to dislike ‎2．解析：考查词形变化。be unwilling to do sth意为“不乐意做某事”。句意为：他们或许不愿意谈论学校的功课。故填unwilling。‎ 答案：unwilling - 7 -‎ ‎3．解析：考查词性转换。根据空前的不定冠词a及形容词normal可知，此处需填名词。句意为：在这个年龄段这种情况很正常，尽管对父母来说这很难理解。故填development。‎ 答案：development ‎4．解析：考查非谓语动词。根据空前的介词of可知，此处需填名词或动名词作介词of的宾语。句意为：这种情况是变得独立的一部分。故填becoming。‎ 答案：becoming ‎5．解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：如果他们认为被问的问题是对方真正出于感兴趣而不是要试图监督他们，那么他们通常更愿意交谈。分析句子成分可知，that从句中缺少谓语，questions是主语，out of real interest是状语，ask与questions之间为被动关系，且此处讲述客观情况，故应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are asked。‎ 答案：are asked ‎6．解析：考查介词。句意为：父母应该尽最大的努力和孩子们谈谈他们的学业和未来的打算，但是如果孩子们不乐意的话，也不应该逼迫他们。talk to sb about sth意为“和某人谈论某事”，为固定用法。故填about。‎ 答案：about ‎7．解析：考查连词。句意见上一题解析。根据设空处前的“should do”和设空处后的“should not push”可知，此处含有转折含义。故填but/yet。‎ 答案：but/yet ‎8．解析：考查名词的数。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作主语。根据空前的they可知，此处需用复数。句意为：由于青少年试图成为成年人，他们可能就会尝试毒品、酒或烟。故填teenagers。‎ 答案：teenagers ‎9．解析：考查词性转换。此处watch for是动词短语，应用副词修饰。故填carefully。‎ 答案：carefully ‎10．解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词为behaviour，指物，应用which或that引导。故填which/that。‎ 答案：which/that - 7 -‎