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Unit 2 English around the world
一、语基必备知识
(一)重点词汇——分类记忆
Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意
1．subway n． 地下人行道；
〈美〉地铁
2．elevator n. 电梯；升降机
3．petrol n. 〈英〉汽油(＝〈美〉gasoline)
4．conquer vt. 征服；占领
5．apartment n. 〈美〉公寓住宅；
单元住宅
6．enrich vt. 使富裕；充实；改善
7．identity n. 本身；本体；身份
8．dialect n. 方言
9．eastern adj. 东方的；东部的
10．lightning n. 闪电
11．usage n. 使用；用法；
词语惯用法
12．accent n. 口音；腔调；重音
13．lorry n. 〈英〉卡车(＝〈美〉truck)
14．block n. 街区；块；木块；石块
15．cab n. 出租车
Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形
1．official adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的
n. 官员；公务员
2．voyage n. 航行；航海
3.__native adj. 本国的；本地的
n. 本地人；本国人
4．base vt. 以……为根据
n. 基部；基地；基础
5．vocabulary n. 词汇；词汇量；词表
6．spelling n. 拼写；拼法
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7．command__ n．& vt. 命令；指令；掌握
8．request n．& vt. 请求；要求
9.__accent n. 口音；腔调；重音
10．straight adv. 直接；挺直
adj. 直的；笔直的；正直的
Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变
1．actual adj.实际的→actually adv.实际上；事实上
2．gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的→gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地
3．recognize vt.辨认出；承认→recognition n．承认；识别
4．latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的→late adj.迟的；晚的→latest adj.最新的；最近的
5．fluent adj.流利的；流畅的→fluently adv.流利地；流畅地→fluency n．流利；流畅
6．frequent adj.频繁的；常见的→frequently adv.常常；频繁地
7．express vt.表示；表达n.快车；快递→expression n．词语；表示；表达
8．use vt.使用 n．用途→usage n．使用；用法→useful adj.有用的→useless adj.无用的
1.“旅行”名词家族
①voyage 航行；航海
②tour (观光)旅行
③travel 旅行
④journey (长途)旅行
⑤trip (短途)旅行；外出
⑥outing 远足
2.加en前缀和en后缀变为动词荟萃
①rich→enrich 使富裕
②able→enable 使能够
③large→enlarge 使扩大
④sure→ensure 确保；担保
⑤strength→strengthen 加强；巩固
⑥short→shorten 缩短；使变短
3.常见的形容词和副词同形的单词
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①straight adj.& adv. 直的(地)
②fast adj.& adv. 快的(地)
③far adj.& adv. 远的(地)
④pretty adj. 漂亮的
adv. 相当地；很，非常
⑤well adj.& adv. 健康的；好
⑥deep adj. 深的
adv. 深入地；深深地
(二)重点短语——记牢用活
1．more__than 超过；非常；不只是；不仅是
2．come__up 走近；上来；(被)提出
3．be__based__on 以……为基础
4．believe__it__or__not 信不信由你
5．play__a__part__(in) 扮演一个角色；参与
6．because__of 因为；由于
7．the__number__of ……的数量
8．at__present 现在；目前
9．make__use__of 利用；使用
10．such__as 例如……；像这种的
1.“动词＋for”的短语
①leave for 动身去
②head for 走向；朝……进发
③make for 前往；走向
④start for 动身去
⑤set out/off for 动身去
2.at时间短语小结
①at present 现在；目前
②at times 有时
③at a time 一次
④at one time 曾经
⑤at the beginning of 在……开始时
⑥at the moment 现在
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(三)重点句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：even if引导让步状语从句
Native English speakers can understand each other even__if__they__don’t__speak the same kind of English.
以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的英语不尽相同，也可以相互理解。
句型2：more...than...是……而不是……；与其说……倒不如说……
It was based more__on__German__than the English we speak at present.
当时的英语更多是以德语为基础，而不是我们今天所说的英语。
句型3：no such＋单数名词，意为“没有这/那样的……”
Believe it or not, there is no__such__thing__as__standard__English.
信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。
句型4：This/That is because...
这/那是因为……
This__is__because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.
这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员英语说得很好。
二、语境强化训练
Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式
1．Go straight(直接) down the road until you come to the English language school.
2．If you want to improve your reading skill, you should have a large vocabulary(词汇量) first.
3．The Smiths have lived in London for ten years, so they speak with a London accent(口音)．
4．She was born in Germany and her native(本国的) language is German.
5．As far as I’m concerned, I want to own a room based (base) on my own personal taste.
6．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Recently, I learned in your official(office) website that a volunteer is needed for an exhibition of Chinese traditional painting in London.
Ⅱ.语境品词——写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义
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1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ阅读C)As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物测量) technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private espaces. __身份
2．(2019·北京卷书面表达)Beijing，Tianjin and Shanghai all have the excellent subway systems which can take you everywhere in the city.地铁
3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history.频繁的
Ⅲ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The puzzled expression on her face suggested that she didn’t know how she could express her feelings properly.(express)
2．I can speak English fluently,__so my deskmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments. (fluent)
3．I paid a visit to Russia which is rich in natural resources and the travel enriched my horizons. (rich)
4．As is known to all, education is a gradual process, and people are gradually aware of its importance. (gradual)
5．He had changed so much that you couldn’t recognize him. As a matter of fact, illness and age changed him beyond recognition. (recognize)
Ⅳ.选词成篇
such as; the number of; have a good command of; at present; play an important part in; come up; make good use of
With the world becoming a global village, English is 1.playing__an__important__part__in our life 2.at__present. So mastering English means we can see the world through a new window.As a result, 3.the__number__of people learning English is on the increase. However, many problems will 4.come__up in learning English 5.such__as vocabulary and grammar. We should 6.make__good__use__of every opportunity to practise English so that we can eventually 7.have__a__good__command__of it.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)即使你忙于功课，我还是希望你能参加即将到来的比赛。
Even__if/though__you__are__busy__with__your__lessons,__I hope you can attend the upcoming competition.
2．我的英语取得了很大进步，老师表扬我说：与其说我聪明倒不如说我勤奋。
I made such great progress in English that my teacher praised me saying that
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I__was__more__diligent__than__clever．
3．他没能赶上早班车，那是因为他今天早上起晚了。
He missed the first bus and that__was__because__he got up late this morning.
4．没有坏天气这回事，不一样的天空有不一样的美。
There is no__such__thing__as bad weather. Every sky has its beauty.
base vt.以……为根据 n．基部；基地；基础
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2018·北京卷书面表达)To be frank, studying for a degree in a different culture is difficult. You’d better learn some basic(base) Chinese before you come.
②(2020·山西八校第一次联考)In my opinion, common hobbies are the basis(base) of making friends.
[能力提升]——句式升级
(普通表达)The restaurant is based on trust, and it is working all right.
③(高级表达)Based__on__trust,__the restaurant is working all right. (分词短语作状语)
④(高级表达)The restaurant, which__is__based__on__trust,__is working all right.(定语从句)
(1)base...on/upon... 把……建立在……
基础之上
be based on/upon... 以……为基础；
依据……
(2)basic adj. 基本的；基础的
basis n. 基础；基本原则
[佳句背诵] Just as the saying goes, “One tree doesn’t make a forest.” Our success is based on cooperating with others. 常言道，“独木不成林。”我们的成功建立在与他人合作的基础上。
command n．[C]命令，指令；[U]掌握 vt.命令；指挥，支配；博得，赢得；掌握
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
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①I’m at your command—what would you like me to do?
②The police commanded the witness to__describe(describe) what had happened the day before.
＝The police commanded that the witness (should)__describe(describe) what had happened the day before.
[能力提升]——词汇升级
③(普通表达)Try to communicate with the natives in simple Chinese as much as possible, which will help you practise it and master Chinese well.
(高级表达)Try to communicate with the natives in simple Chinese as much as possible, which will help you practise it and have__a__good__command__of Chinese.
(1)at one’s command 听某人支配
have a (good) command of
掌握；精通(尤指语言)
take command of 控制；担任……的指挥
(2)command sb.to do sth. 命令某人做某事
command that...(should) do...
命令……(应该)做……
[佳句背诵] I do believe that I am very qualified for this voluntary work, because I have a good command of spoken English. 我确信我非常胜任做这项志愿工作，因为我精通英语口语。(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)
request n．& vt.请求；要求
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①I made a request that the students (should)__attend (attend) the meeting to be held tomorrow on time.
＝I requested the students__to__attend/(should)__attend(attend) the meeting to be held tomorrow on time.
②He came to attend the party at the request of his friend.
[能力提升]——微写作
③(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)我的目标是让中国走向世界，让世界了解中国。如果你能同意我的要求，我将不胜感激。My aim is to let China go to the world and let the world understand China.I__would__appreciate__it__if__you__could__agree__to__my__request.
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(1)make a request for 请求；要求
at the request of sb. 应某人的要求
(2)request sb. to do sth. 请求/要求某人做某事
request that...(should) do sth.
请求/要求……(应该)做某事
be requested to do sth. 被要求做某事
[佳句背诵] If you want to apply for membership, you are requested to fill in the application.
如果你想申请成为队员，你需要填写申请表。(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①(2019·江苏卷)China’s image is improving steadily，with more countries recognizing(recognize) its role in international affairs.
②I went back to my hometown after 20 years and the city had changed beyond all recognition(recognize)．
[能力提升]——一句多译
那本书被公认为21世纪最重要的文学作品之一。
③The book is__recognized__to__be/as one of the greatest works of literature of the 21st century.
④It__is__recognized__that the book is one of the greatest works of literature of the 21st century.
(1)recognize one’s voice 认出某人/听出某人的声音
be recognized to be/as... 被认作……/被认为……
It is recognized that... 人们公认……
(2)recognition n. 认出；认识
beyond recognition 认不出来
[佳句背诵] Cellphones which are now universally recognized as a must, have a great effect on us.
手机现在广泛地被认为是必需品，对我们有很大的影响。
come up 走近；上来；发芽；发生；(被)提出；(太阳、月亮等)升起
[一词多义]——写出下列句中come up的含义
①I’d love to attend your party, but something unexpected has come up.发生
②The little boy came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police
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station.走近
③A good suggestion to solve the problem came up at the meeting.被提出
④The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up.升起
[能力提升]——词汇/句式升级
⑤(普通表达)The project came up at the meeting yesterday, and it attracted many people’s attention.
(高级表达)The project was__put__forward at the meeting yesterday, attracting__many__people’s__attention. (分词作状语)
come up with 想出；提出
come across 穿过(路、 桥)；(偶然)遇见；
发现
come to 苏醒；总计；达到；谈到
when it comes to... 当谈到……
[佳句背诵] When it comes to my favorite sports event, I must say that pingpong appeals to me.
说到我最喜欢的运动项目，我必须说乒乓球吸引了我。(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
[名师点津]
(1)come up的主语是物，表示计划、建议、议题等被提出；
(2)come up with主语是人或团体组织，表示(某人)提出。
make use of 利用；使用
[基础练习]——单句语法填空
①Now most of the students are trying to make the best use of every minute to__prepare(prepare) for the coming exam.
②It’s no use trying(try) to persuade him to have a holiday because he is facing a challenge.
[能力提升]——词汇/句式升级
③(普通表达)We must make full use of every minute to go over our lessons, as the final examination is drawing near.
(高级表达)With__the__final__examination__approaching,__we must make__the__best__of/make__the__most__of/take__full__advantage__of every minute to go over our lessons.(with复合结构)
(1)make full/good use of 充分利用
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make the best/most of 充分利用
take (full) advantage of (充分)利用
(2)be of great use 很有用
It’s no use doing sth. 做某事是没有用的。
[佳句背诵] We students as well as our teachers make good use of the gymnasium to do sports after school every day.
每天放学后，我们学生和老师都充分利用这个体育馆做运动。(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)
more...than...是……而不是……；与其说……倒不如说……
(教材P10)It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
当时的英语更多是以德语为基础，而不是我们今天所说的英语。
[基础练习]——完成句子
①As far as I know, she__was__more__sad__than__angry(与其说她生气倒不如说她伤心) when her son lied.
②(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Papercutting is a traditional art form in China with__a__history__of__more__than__1，500__years(有1 500多年的历史)．
[能力提升]——词汇/句式升级
③(普通表达)When I heard what my teacher said, I was very glad and my heart beat wildly.
(高级表达)Hearing__what__my__teacher__said,__I was more__than__delighted and my heart beat wildly.(分词作状语)
(1)more...than... 与其说……，倒不如说……
(2)more than＋数词或从句 超过……
more than＋形容词 非常……
more than＋名词 不只是；不仅是……
(3)no more than 只不过；仅仅
not more than 不超过；至多
rather than 而不是
other than 除了
[佳句背诵] The culture and customs of America are more like those of England than of any other country.
相比其他任何一个国家的文化和传统， 美国的文化和习俗更像英格兰的。
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no such＋单数名词，意为“没有这/那样的……”
(教材P13)Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.
信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。
[基础练习]——对比填空(that; as)
①There is no such thing__as failure. Failure is just life trying to move us in another direction.
②It’s such a difficult problem as we can’t work out.
③It’s such a difficult problem that we can’t work it out.
④There is no such wise person as you said in the world.
[能力提升]——完成句子
⑤从这段经历来看，我得出结论：通往成功的道路没有捷径。
From this experience, I draw a conclusion that there is no__such__thing__as__a shortcut to success.
句中“no such＋单数名词”意为“没有这/那样的……”，其中单数名词前不可再加冠词，相当于“not such a(n) ＋单数名词”。
(1)such＋
(2)such...as...像……这样的……，as在句中引导定语从句。
[佳句背诵] As we know, there’s no such thing as a free lunch in the world.
众所周知，世界上没有免费的午餐。
Ⅰ.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)
1．Environmental pollution is__recognized(recognize) to have become one of the most serious problems that people face.
2．The number of the people, who walk the dog outdoors, has__risen(rise) sharply in the past few years.
3．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually(actual) says more about the student.
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)After the film, each class is supposed to have a discussion and all the students are__requested(request) to make comments and express their views about the film.
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5．It is not difficult for me, because I master its basic(base) use.
6．(2018·浙江卷6月应用文写作)And I treasure this as a good chance to broaden my view as well as improve my spoken(speak) English.
Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
1．Though friends play an important part in our lives, we now lack time to communicate with them face to face.
2．He is a good teacher of my life and would do anything for me. That’s why my father is my hero.
3．I have two good friends, Mary and Lily. The former is good at dancing, and the latter can speak Danish fluently.
4．She was more worried(worry) than angry when her daughter didn’t come home on time.
5．I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is such great fun as I have read.
Ⅲ.易错误用(改正下列句子中的错误)
1．I believe that you will be able to speak English fluent in one month.fluent→fluently
2．If you have good command of foreign languages, you’ll have no difficulty working in this company. 在good前加a
3．As the weather gradual becomes warmer and warmer, he will pick up soon.gradual→gradually
4．They are faced with the same kinds of challenges and problems in life like you are.like→as
5．As far as I know, he was very angry because what you said just now. 在because后加of
6．Although this is the first time that the plan has been come up at the meeting, it has caused much concern.删除been或在up后加with
Ⅳ.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)
1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ完形)At the base is a rainforest.It ends abruptly at 3，000 meters, giving way to lands of low growing plants.n.基地
2．(2019·浙江卷6月)We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal.认可，赞赏
3．Large football clubs benefit financially from TV income and the top players can command very large salaries.vt.应得；博得
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提能一 语段填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)
(一)
In the job interview, Mary’s 1.fluency(fluent) in English is an advantage over the other candidates. From the 2.expression(express) of the interviewers, she knows she is 3.gradually(gradual) winning their 4.recognition(recognize). She keeps calm and feels a bit proud that she has satisfied their 5.basic(base) requirements. But she knows if she is admitted to the company, she will 6.frequently(frequent) go abroad on business.
(二)
Yesterday, John was commanded 1.to__finish(finish) the work in a day. The job 2.was__recognized(recognize) to be the toughest one at that time. Based 3.on/upon the previous experience, he knew it was impossible to finish it in such a short time, feeling upset. He had no choice but 4.to__request(request) help from his friends face to face.
提能二 话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)
假设你是李华，你的朋友Tom因为受“汉语热”的影响决定学习汉语，来信向你咨询。请你给他写封回信，说明汉语流行的原因，并提出几条学习汉语的建议。
1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)
①目前，有很多外国人学习汉语，因为中国在世界上起着越来越重要的作用。
At__present,__there are a__number__of__foreigners learning Chinese, because China is__playing__an__increasingly__important__part__in__the__world．
②精通汉语，你就能更好地了解中国这个有着5 000多年历史的国家。
With__a__good__command__of__Chinese,__you will get a better understanding of China, a country with a history of more__than__5，000__years．
③至于学习汉语的建议，我想说世界上没有免费的午餐。
As for the advice of learning Chinese, I would say there__is__no__such__thing__as__a__free__lunch__in__the__world．
④说一口流利的中文应该以勤奋为基础。
Speaking__fluent__Chinese/Speaking__Chinese__fluently__should__be__based__on__hard__work.
⑤利用一切机会练习汉语，你用得汉语越多，你就学得越好。
Make__use__of__every__opportunity/chance__to__practise__Chinese—the more you use Chinese, the better you will learn it.
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⑥即使在学习汉语时会出现许多问题，你也不应该放弃。
Even__if/though__many__problems__may__come__up in learning Chinese, you should not give up.
2．升级平淡句
⑦用“that is because...”句式升级句①
At__present,__there__are__a__number__of__foreigners__learning__Chinese,__and__that__is__because__China__is__playing__an__increasingly__important__part__in__the__world.
⑧用强调句式升级句②
It__is__with__a__good__command__of__Chinese__that__you__will__get__a__better__understanding__of__China,__a__country__with__a__history__of__more__than__5，000__years.
3．衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：therefore, to begin with, most importantly)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
Dear Tom，
At present, there are a number of foreigners learning Chinese, and that is because China is playing an increasingly important part in the world. It is with a good command of Chinese that you will get a better understanding of China, a country with a history of more than 5，000 years.
As for the advice of learning Chinese, I would say there is no such thing as a free lunch in the world. Therefore, speaking fluent Chinese should be based on hard work. To begin with, make use of every opportunity/chance to practise Chinese—the more you use Chinese, the better you will learn it. Most importantly, even if/though many problems may come up in learning Chinese, you should not give
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up.
Yours，
Li Hua
(建议用时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·重庆第一次调研)Would a faster reading speed mean that we could learn more? Some people claim that it’s possible. In July last year, the sixtime speed reading champion Anne Jones sat down to read Harper Lee’s Go Set a Watchman. Just 25 minutes and 31 seconds later, she finished it—which equals a reading rate of around 3，700 words per minute. Jones runs training courses teaching speed reading, recall and concentration techniques and there are numerous speed reading apps that have appeared on the market over the past few years. But do they actually work?
First, we need to understand how we read. The human eye movement system is central to our reading ability. Read over that sentence again, and think about how your eyes scan across the words. They don’t move smoothly over them. Instead, they make a series of short, sharp jumps, skipping over a few characters before briefly landing on a word. The movements are known as saccades(扫视) and the pauses are called fixations.
Reading isn’t just about seeing the words—you need to comprehend them to build up a picture about what the text means. People are able to get through a block of text faster, but at the cost of accuracy and understanding. In other words, if you use a speed reading app, then you’ll probably get the gist(主旨) of a piece of text, but you’ll struggle to recall details about what you’ve just read.
So, does speed reading work? Well, yes and no. It really depends on what you’re reading and why you need to read it. As yet, there isn’t a trick that enables you to read a piece of text both quickly and accurately—there’s always going to be a tradeoff．
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了快速阅读有一定作用。快速阅读虽然能把握文章的主旨，但是回忆细节还需要时间。
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1．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．Speed reading is bad at times.
B．Speed reading is a waste of time.
C．Speed reading can work sometimes.
D．Speed reading is always enjoyable.
C 解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段尾句“But do they actually work？”可知，文章第一段对快速阅读是否有用提出疑问；接着第二段介绍了阅读能力与眼睛运动系统有关，结合第三段尾句可知，使用速读应用程序你很可能把握主旨大意，但是文章细节不一定能掌握。据此可推知，快速阅读有时是有用的，故C项正确。
2．What can we know from the passage?
A．Reading apps ensure we read much faster.
B．Fast reading makes us learn more knowledge.
C．Reading is no more than seeing the text words.
D．Reading ability is related to the eye movement system.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The human eye movement system is central to our reading ability.”可知，人的眼睛运动系统对我们的阅读能力很重要，故D项正确。
3．What does the underlined word “tradeoff” most probably mean in the last paragraph?
A．Balance. B．Change.
C．Business. D．Bargain.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段尾句“As yet, there isn’t a trick that enables you to read a piece of text both quickly and accurately—there’s always going to be a tradeoff．”可知，到目前为止，还没有一种技巧可以让你既快速又准确地阅读一篇文章——这总要一种平衡。据此可推知，画线词意为“平衡”，故A项正确。
4．What might the writer continue to talk about?
A．The advantages of faster or slower reading.
B．The reasons why we do faster or slower reading.
C．The cases where to do faster and slower reading.
D．The methods for making use of faster or slower reading.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段尾句“As yet, there isn’t a trick that enables you to read a piece of text both quickly and accurately—there’s always going to be a tradeoff.”可知，到目前为止，还没有一种技巧可以让你既快速又准确地阅读一篇文章——这总要一种平衡。据此可推知，文章接下来可能阐述在什么情况下进行速读以及在什么情况下进行慢读，故C项正确。
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【难句分析】 Jones runs training courses teaching speed reading, recall and concentration techniques and there are numerous speed reading apps that have appeared on the market over the past few years.
分析：该句由and连接的两个分句构成，其中第二个分句为主从复合句，句中“that have appeared on the market over the past few years”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词“speed reading apps”， that在从句中作主语。
译文：琼斯开设了速读、记忆力和集中注意力技巧的培训课程，且在过去几年中市场上出现了大量的速读应用程序。
B
(2020·沈阳监测一)Language learning apps are very popular now and offer opportunities to learn vocabulary and practice grammar. But there has been a discussion about just how effective such apps can be.
Among the most popular apps are Duolingo and Busuu. Previous research found positive results on the use of them. But these apps mainly concentrated on study with learners who had signed up for language courses and they only worked as afterschool support, so the results were not always reliable. A recent study of 4，095 Busuu users has been carried out aimed to find out if users can actually learn a language with an app.
Busuu provides learning materials for 12 different languages. It offers a special model where some content is available for free while some content is not. We find that its users are an even mix of men and women. More than half consider themselves to be at the beginner level as there is a decrease in users as their language levels go up. Most people use the app because of personal interest, or because they want to study or live abroad. Female users tend to use it less often but for longer periods of time than male users.
Getting any feedback on Busuu depends on whether your answer is correct or not. While it is helpful, this is not the sort of feedback language teachers prefer, as it does not explain why the answer is right or wrong. In spite of this, feedback in the app is very highly rated.
More than 92% of respondents state that the app has met their expectations and 86% rate the app very highly. In fact, more than 80% of the users surveyed strongly agree that using the app has helped them improve their knowledge of the language they are learning.
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Besides, language learning apps also create an environment where mistakes are only known to the users, and this can address the performance anxiety that many learners suffer from when asked to speak a foreign language. So language teachers should encourage their students to use them to do the grammar work, leaving precious class time for more language communication.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了语言学习应用程序的功能和作用。
5．The results of the former research weren’t always dependable because ________．
A．it was only carried out before class
B．it didn’t consider users in class
C．it just focused on positive rusults
D．it used outofdate methods
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“But these apps mainly concentrated on study with learners who had signed up for language courses and they only worked as afterschool support, so the results were not always reliable.”，并结合该段其他内容可知，这些应用程序主要关注已报名参加语言课程的学习者的学习，并且它们仅作为课后学习的补充。由此可推知，它并没有将课堂上的使用者考虑在内，所以这些研究结果并不总是可靠的，故B项正确。
6．What can we learn about the app Busuu from the text?
A．All the content is free to use.
B．Most users consider it satisfying.
C．It’s used by more advanced learners.
D．It’s more popular with female learners.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的内容可知，回复调查的人中，超过92%认为这款应用程序已经达到了他们的预期，86%对这款应用程序评价很高，在被调查的用户中，超过80%的用户强烈赞同使用这款应用程序帮助他们增加了对正在学习的语言的了解。据此可推知，大部分用户认为这款应用程序是令人满意的，故B项正确。
7．What does the underlined word “address” probably mean in the last paragraph?
A．Deal with. B．Write down.
C．Turn to. D．Speak of.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据尾段第一句“Besides, language learning apps also create an environment where mistakes are only known to the users, and this can address the performance anxiety that many learners suffer from when asked to speak a foreign language.”可知，语言学习应用程序还创造了一个只有用户自己知道自己所犯错误的环境，
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这可以解决许多学习者在被要求说外语时所遭受的表现焦虑。由该句中的“the performance anxiety that many learners suffer from”，并结合语境可推知，画线词意为“解决”，故A项正确。
8．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Students won’t suffer anxiety in learning languages by using Busuu.
B．Language learning apps are effective and satisfactory to language learners.
C．Language learning apps are very popular with most language teachers.
D．Students should be required to use apps for homework after class.
B 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段点明了全文的主题，又结合文章的具体内容可知，本文主要介绍了语言学习应用程序的功能和作用，即对语言学习积极有效、令语言学习者满意，故B项正确。
【难句分析】 But these apps mainly concentrated on study with learners who had signed up for language courses and they only worked as afterschool support, so the results were not always reliable.
分析：该句是由so连接的表因果关系的并列句；其中“who had signed up for language courses”为who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词learners。
译文：但这些应用程序主要关注已报名参加语言课程的学习者的学习，并且它们仅作为课后学习的补充，所以这些研究结果并不总是可靠的。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2020·成都毕业班摸底)We know that choosing a college major can be very hard. But have no fear! Your choice of major will not lock you into a specific career for the rest of your life. Here’s what you need to know about college majors before you choose.
What is a major?
1．________ Beyond general college requirements, you’ll also take a group of courses in a subject of your choosing such as Chemistry, Literature, or Political Science.
How important is my major?
The major you choose will neither predict nor guarantee your future. Many graduates find jobs that have nothing to do with what they studied in college. If you intend to earn a professional degree after college, you will probably need certain courses.2.________
When do I choose a major?
This varies widely across schools and programs. 3.________ Others require that
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you decide upon a major by the time that you set foot inside your first class.
4．________
Definitely. One of the most exciting aspects of college life is that it introduces you to new subjects and arouses new passions. However, keep this in mind: every major has necessary coursework. If you change your major late in the game, it may take more than the traditional four years to earn a degree.
What are minors and double majors?
If one field of study doesn’t satisfy your intellectual appetite, consider a minor. A minor is similar to a major in that it’s an area of academic concentration. 5.________ A double major provides you with an understanding of two academic fields. It allows you to become familiar with two sets of values and views while it also requires you to fulfill two sets of requirements.
A．Can I change my mind?
B．Is my major timeconsuming?
C．It’s your specialized area of study in college.
D．Most students find one major is more than enough.
E．Some schools may give you one year or more to decide.
F．Many future science doctors major in nonscience related fields.
G．The only difference is that it doesn’t require as many classes.
【解题导语】 我们知道选择一个大学的专业是很难的，但不要害怕，你选择的专业不会让你只能从事特定的职业。本文介绍了大学选专业前应了解的几个方面，包括专业是什么，专业的重要程度，选专业的时间，是否能换专业以及什么是辅修课程和双学位等。
1．C 解析：根据该段的标题可知，空处应是对标题的问题作出了回答，故C项“它是大学里你学习的专业领域”符合语境。
2．F 解析：该段主要谈到专业并非那么重要。空前一句谈到“如果你打算在大学毕业后获得专业学位，你可能需要某些课程”，由此可推知，F项承接上文，再次说明专业并非那么重要。故F项符合语境。
3．E 解析：根据空后的“Others require that you decide upon a major by the time that you set foot inside your first class.”可知，其他的学校要求你第一次走进教室就决定你选择的专业，空处应是说明一些学校的做法，故E项“一些学校可能给你一年或更多的时间决定”符合语境。
4．A 解析：此处考查段落小标题。由该段中的“Definitely.”及“If you change your major late in the game, it may take more than the traditional four years to earn a degree.”可知，该段应是谈到可不可以改变主意(换专业)，故选A项。
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5．G 解析：空前一句谈到辅修与主修的相似之处，空处应是讲两者的不同之处，故G项“唯一不同的是，辅修不需要那么多的课程”符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020·合肥高三调研)
A Relay Event Brings Diverse Cultures Together
When Herman Kambugu received the good news he was expecting, he did something unusual. He ran for 32km in 1.____________(celebrate). Kambugu, who works for the Standard Chartered Bank(StanChart) in Uganda, was among the over 86，000 employees around the world who had attempted 2.____________(take) part in a relay across Belt and Road countries as a way to see how the Belt and Road Initiative is developing. Kambugu and seven more of his coworkers in StanChart’s offices around the world visited 44 destinations along the Belt and Road routes, 3.____________ helped them understand the initiative better.
Kambugu 4.____________(witness) how the Belt and Road Initiative is changing life for 5.____________ better in East Africa so far.“The MombasaNairobi Railway has not only shortened transportation time, but also created over 20，000 jobs for local people in Kenya，” he said. Serena Leung from the Hong Kong office said 6.____________ she had seen during her journey impressed 7.____________(she). In some places, people greeted them in Mandarin. They spoke it 8.____________(fluently) than some people from Hong Kong, she said jokingly.
“By running together, we run further，” added Therese Neo, a customer manager from the Singapore office. As she saw it, the countries 9.____________ (participate) in the Belt and Road Initiative were like the 10.____________(runner). When they join forces, they have a better shared future.
【解题导语】 为领略“一带一路”倡议的发展，银行职员Herman Kambugu和他的同事参加了穿越“一带一路”沿途国家的接力赛。通过这项活动，他们深刻体会到“一带一路”倡议让参与国的人民的生活更美好。
1．celebration 解析：考查词性转换。介词后常接名词或动名词，根据空前的介词in可知，空处应填名词celebration。句意：他跑了32公里以示祝贺。
2．to take 解析：考查固定用法。attempt to do sth.为固定用法，意为“尝试做某事”。
3．which 解析：考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，先行词为空前的整个主句，故用which引导该定语从句。
4．has witnessed 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“so
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far”可知，该句应用现在完成时；由该句主语Kambugu可知，主语为第三人称单数，故用has witnessed。
5．the 解析：考查冠词。此处表示使生活变得更好，for the better“有所好转”为固定搭配，故用定冠词the。
6．what 解析：考查主语从句的引导词。分析该句结构可知，空处引导主语从句，作从句中had seen的宾语，表示“……的事物”，故用what引导该主语从句，表示“她所看到的”。
7．her 解析：考查代词。空处作及物动词impressed的宾语，故用宾格代词her。
8．more fluently 解析：考查副词的比较级。根据该句中的“than”可知，空处用其比较级，修饰动词spoke，故可知答案。
9．participating 解析：考查现在分词。分析该句结构可知，the countries和动词participate之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式。
10．runners 解析：考查名词的单复数。runner为可数名词，又因主语the countries为复数，故此处表示多个奔跑者，应用复数形式。
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