专题12名词性从句（高考押题）-2017年高考英语考纲解读与热点难点突破 8页

专题12名词性从句（高考押题）‎ ‎2017年高考英语考纲解读与热点难点突破 一、单句填空 ‎1．I truly believe________beauty comes from within.‎ 答案：that　考查名词性从句引导词。从句部分不缺少任何成分也不缺意思。因此用只起连接作用的that。‎ ‎2．Reading her biography，I was lost in admiration for ________Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.‎ ‎ 3．A ship in harbor is safe，but that's not ________ ships are built for.‎ 答案：what　what引导表语从句，在从句中作介词for的宾语。句意：船停泊在港口里是安全的，但那可不是造船的目的。‎ ‎4．If you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate ________ is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.‎ 答案：what　investigate后面是宾语从句，从句中缺主语，故用what。句意：如果你在河里或湖里游泳，一定要调查一下水面下的东西。经常会有石头或树枝藏在水中。学科&网 ‎5．You have to know ________ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.‎ 答案：where　本题考查宾语从句的引导词。You have to know后面是一个宾语从句，________ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there是一个完整的句子，应用连接副词where来引导从句。句意：如果你要计划去那里的最佳方案，你必须知道你要去哪里。‎ ‎6．We must find out ______ Karl is coming，so we can book a room for him.‎ 答案：when　考查宾语从句。find out后面接一个宾语从句，根据句意应用when。句意：我们必须弄明白Karl什么时候来，这样我们才能给他预订房间。‎ ‎7．—I wonder ________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.‎ ‎—By working out every day.‎ 答案：how　句意为：——我想知道玛丽这么多年是如何保持良好的身材的。——每天坚持锻炼。wonder后是宾语从句，根据答语中的by可知第一句就方式提问，故填how，意为“如何，怎样”。‎ ‎8．We know from the survey on cigarettes ________ warning messages on product containers and in ads can affect consumption of potentially dangerous products.‎ 答案：that ‎　句意为：我们从关于香烟的调查了解到，在产品包装盒上和广告中的警告信息能够影响潜在的危险产品的消费。know后的宾语从句结构完整，因此用从属连词that引导。‎ ‎9．Following the decline in house prices in many small and mediumsized cities, there are now signs ________ house prices in major cities may also be set for a slide.‎ 答案：that　句意为：随着中小型城市房价的下跌，现在有迹象表明在大城市房价也可能有下滑的趋势。signs后是同位语从句，从句结构和意义完整，用从属连词that引导。‎ ‎10．Tens of thousands of people marched to the Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial, celebrating the 50th anniversary of King's famous speech, through which we know ________ he said meant to the black.‎ 答案：what　句意为：数以万计的人奔向马丁·路德·金纪念碑，庆祝他的那次著名的演讲发表50周年。通过这个演讲，我们知道他所说的对于黑人的意义。设空处引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语，指“他所说的话”，故填what。‎ ‎11．New plans for the college entrance examination in Zhejiang are ________ students have to be tested on Chinese, math, English and another three subjects as they prefer.‎ 答案：that　句意为：浙江的高考新计划是考生必须参加语文、数学、英语和他们喜欢的其他三科的考试。设空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺成分和意义，故用that引导。‎ ‎12．There is a strong possibility ________ man will mainly depend on solar energy in the future.‎ 答案：that　句意为：人类在将来主要依靠太阳能是非常有可能的。设空后的从句句子结构完整，不缺少成分，且是对possibility的进一步解释、说明，故设空处引导同位语从句，故填that。‎ ‎13．As John Lennon once said, life is ________ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.‎ 答案：what　句意为：正如约翰·列侬曾经所说，生活就是在你忙于制订其他计划的时候发生在你身上的事情。设空处引导表语从句并在从句中充当主语，故填what。‎ ‎14． ________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.‎ 答案：When　句意为：延误的航班将何时起飞主要取决于天气。分析句子结构可知，depends much on是句子的谓语，________ the delayed flight will take off是句子的主语，设空处引导主语从句。根据句意，设空处在主语从句中作时间状语，故填when。‎ ‎15． Pick yourself up. Courage is doing ________ you're afraid to do.‎ 答案：what/whatever/anything　句意为：振作起来，勇气就是去做(任何)你害怕做的事。分析题干可知，doing后为宾语从句，设空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语且表物。也可填anything。‎ ‎16．The bride and groom gave ________ attended their wedding some gifts to share their ‎ happiness.‎ 答案：whoever　句意为：新娘和新郎给每个参加他们婚礼的人都送了礼物，来分享他们的幸福。设空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，意思是“凡是……的人”，相当于anyone who，故用whoever。‎ ‎17．I couldn't imagine ________difficult it was for these badly injured victims to make it to the hospital.‎ ‎ 18．Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That's ______ I was born.”‎ 答案：where　句意为：“那就是我出生的地方，”奶奶指着那家医院对我说。前面提到了医院，所以设空处应该是表地点，故用where引导该表语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。‎ ‎19．Some people believe______has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.‎ 答案：whatever　句意为：一些人认为，无论是曾经发生过的事情还是现在正在发生的事情，都会在将来重演。从句中缺少主语，且表示“无论……的事情”，故填whatever。‎ ‎20．—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?‎ ‎—Yeah, but I have no idea______he did it; that's one of his favorite universities.‎ ‎ 二、单句改错 ‎1． I didn't know what one to buy because these books were all useful to me.‎ 答案：what改为which　此处表示“不知道该买哪一个”意义，故“疑问词＋不定式”结构中的疑问词应用which。‎ ‎2．You want to know that everthing is going in our school.‎ 答案：that改为how　宾语从句的引导词在从句中作状语，表示go的程度，表示“我们学校的情况如何”，故用how。学科&网 ‎3．The problem is what the “Play” doesn't work at all.‎ 答案：what改为that　表语从句的引导词在从句中不作成分，而且不表示意义，故用that。what在名词性从句中需要作主语、宾语等。‎ ‎4． There is no doubt whether I will achieve great progress in English learning with your assistance.‎ 答案：whether改为that　否定句或疑问句中doubt后的从句用that引导，肯定句doubt后的从句用whether/if引导。There is no doubt that...“毫无疑问……”。‎ ‎5． At that time, I just wondered that my mother was so delighted.‎ 答案：that改为why　根据wonder判断，引导词表示“为什么”意义，故用why。句子表示“我不明白为什么妈妈那么高兴”。‎ ‎6．Which is worse, they spat and even threw rubbish into the lake.‎ 答案：Which改为What　What is worse是固定用法，意为“更糟糕的是”。‎ ‎7．I went up and asked what I could help them.‎ 答案：what改为if/whether　 宾语从句的引导词不需要在从句中作成分，再根据ask判断句子的引导词表示疑问意义，故应为if/whether。‎ ‎8．As is known to all that millions of graduates crowded into the job market each year.‎ 答案：As改为It　本句是一个it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正主语的句子，故改为it。如果用as，则为As is known to all, millions of graduates...。‎ ‎9． That you should learn is how to write down the most important words, not the whole sentence.‎ 答案：That改为What　主语从句的引导词需要在从句中作learn的宾语，故用what。‎ ‎10． Next, we can know ________is going on at any time.‎ 答案：what　know后是一个宾语从句，从句缺少主语，故填what。‎ 三、选择题 ‎1．A warm thought suddenly came to me ________ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.‎ A. if B. when C. that D. which ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：突然一股暖意由然而生，我可以用零用钱买些花做为妈妈的生日礼物。A warm thought是同位词，that连接的是同位语从句，对thought的内容进行说明。‎ ‎2．Despite the fact ________ they lacked food, the explorers continued towards the goal.‎ A. which B. that C. what D. whether ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】此处fact为抽象名词，其后的从句为同位语从句，解释说明fact的内容，从句意思完整，不缺成分，故选用无意义的that作连接词。句意：尽管缺乏食物，但探险者们继续向目标进发。故选B。‎ ‎3．There is no doubt ________ technological advance enables people to live more comfortably and happily.‎ A. which B. where C. what D. that ‎【答案】D ‎ 4．The news________ Ning Zetao won the gold medal in the swimming competition excited Chinese People.‎ A. which B. that C. what D. if ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：宁泽涛赢得游泳金牌的消息使中国人兴奋。The news的具体内容是Ning Zetao won the gold medal in the swimming competition，所以它们之间是同位语关系，根据句意，空格处在句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，故选that。‎ ‎5．The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ______ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.‎ A. how B. that C. which D. whether ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】此处是由that引导的同位语从句，指代belief的具体内容，同时从句中不缺少成分，所以用that引导，这里选B项。‎ ‎6．He made a promise anyone set him free he would make him very rich.‎ A. that B. if C. what D. that if ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：他许诺如果有人把他放了，他就会让他富有。that表示同位语从句和promise同位,而这句同位语从句很特别,因为从句又是一句条件状语从句,所以用if引导，选D。‎ ‎7．The notice came around two in the afternoon the meeting would be postponed.‎ A. when B. that C. whether D. how ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：下午两点通知到了会议将被推迟。That连接同位语从句，说明notice的内容，选B。‎ ‎8．--- I heard that there are a few seats left for tonight’s show.‎ ‎--- Really? I was under the impression ______ they were sold out a long time ago.‎ A. what B. which C. that D. where ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：我记得很久以前他们被卖掉了。Impression（印象），它后面是that引导的同位语从句，是具体内容。故选C。‎ ‎9．One of the men held the view _______ the book said was right.‎ A. that what B. what that C. that D. whether ‎【答案】A ‎ 10．The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.‎ A. whether B. that ‎ C. which D. what ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。使用同位语从句说明suggestion的内容，而且同位语从句成分和意思都是完整的。用that引导，that不作成分，只是起着连接的作用。故选B。‎ 四、语法填空 Alfred Alder, a famous psychiatrist, had __1__interesting experience. When he was a small boy he got off to a poor start in arithmetic(算术). His teacher got the idea that he had no ability in arithmetic, and told his parents __2__ she thought in order that they would not expect too much of him. In this way, they too developed the idea, “Isn't it too bad __3__Alfred ‎ can't do arithmetic？” He accepted their mistaken estimate of his ability, feeling that it was useless to try. ‎ ‎ One day he became very angry at the teacher and the other students because they laughed when he said he saw how to do a problem __4__ none of the other students had been able to solve.‎ ‎ Alder succeeded in solving the problem. This gave him confidence. He rejected the idea __5__ he could not do arithmetic and was determined to show them that he could. His __6__(angry) and his new found faith stimulated him to go at arithmetic problems with a new spirit. He now worked __7__interest, determination, and purpose, and he soon became __8__(extraordinary) good at arithmetic. He not only proved that he can do arithmetic, but he learned early in life from his own experience, if a person __9__(go) at a job with determination and purpose, his ability may make himself as well as others __10__(astonish)．‎ ‎1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______‎ ‎6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______‎ 答案：‎ ‎1．an　experience在此表示“经历”，是可数名词；此处泛指“一次有趣的经历”，用不定冠词。‎ ‎2．what　该词引导宾语从句，并在从句中作thought的宾语，指事物，故填what。‎ ‎3．that　it是形式主语，要填的词引导从句作真正主语，而主语从句不缺少成分，表达陈述意义，所以用that。‎ ‎4．which/that　所填的词引导定语从句，修饰先行词problem，并在从句中作宾语，故填which或that。‎ ‎5．that　该词引导idea的同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，意义也完整，故填that。‎ ‎6．anger　前面有his作定语，与his new found faith一起作主语，故填名词anger。‎ ‎7．with　此处表示“带有，有”意义，所以应该填介词with。‎ ‎8．extraordinarily　修饰形容词good，意为“极其，极端地”，用副词。‎ ‎9．goes　if引导的从句讲的是事实，所以用一般现在时，主语是a person，故填goes。‎ ‎10．astonished　在动词make后作宾语补足语，表示宾语的状态和感受，故填形容词astonished“惊讶的”。‎ 四、短文改错 When it comes to the TV, there will be different word in different persons' minds. Some people think that watch TV is a good way to relax. Firstly, we can broaden our horizons or know more about the world by watching latest news and reports. Secondly, watching TV is a good way to kill their spare time. Finally, we can predict that may happen in the future and be prepared. ‎ ‎ Therefore, every coin has its two sides. There are also disadvantages of watching TV. Not only do it do harm to our eyesight, but it also has a bad affect on our studies and everyday life. Definitely, TV plays a big role in our life. We should treat to it in a right way. ‎ 答案：‎ ‎ When it comes to the TV, there will be different in different persons' minds. Some people think that TV is a good way to relax. Firstly, we can broaden our horizons know more about the world by watching latest news and reports. Secondly, watching TV is a good way to kill spare time. Finally, we can predict may happen in the future and be prepared. ‎ ‎ ， every coin has its two sides. There are also disadvantages of watching TV. Not only it do harm to our eyesight, but it also has a bad on our studies and everyday life. Definitely, TV plays a big role in our life. We should treat to it in a right way. ‎ 解析：‎ 第一处：word→words　名词前有different修饰，应用复数形式，故将word改为words。‎ 第二处：watch→watching　句中已有谓语动词is，句中缺少主语，且不表目的，因此用动名词作主语，故将watch改为watching。‎ 第三处：or→and　根据句意“首先，我们能够通过看最近的新闻和报道开阔视野，并且能够更多地了解世界”可知，broaden和know是并列关系，且是肯定句，应用and连接。‎ 第四处：latest前加the　latest是最高级，故前面加the。‎ 第八处：do→does　当not only置于句首时，其后的句子要进行部分倒装，即将助动词提至主语之前，由于句子的主语是it，故助动词用does。‎ 第九处：affect→effect　have an effect on...是固定短语，意为“对……有影响”。 ‎ 第十处：去掉to　treat是及物动词，接宾语时，其后不需加介词。‎