2021届高考英语大一轮复习Unit8Adventure课时作业8b北师大版必修3 7页

课时作业8　Adventure Ⅰ.阅读理解 ‎(2019·江西师大附中月考)‎ Goldfish have pretty boring lives, so maybe it's a good thing they can only concentrate for nine seconds! But according to new research, humans are becoming like goldfish. Our attention span (时长) is getting shorter and it's all because of technology.‎ ‎“We move quickly from one site to another on the web，” says Dr Ted Selker, a computer scientist from Massachusetts, “And we are losing the ability to concentrate.” With millions of websites to choose from, the attention span of the average Internet user is just seconds. There are other digital distractions (使人分心的事) too: emails, instant messaging and quickie movies on websites.‎ Some people are worried about the effect on young people. “You need time to understand and think about what you read，” says Julia Wood, from London. “Young people search the net all the time and their brains become full of useless information but there is no time to make sense of it. I am trying to persuade my pupils to read more books, so that they concentrate on one subject for longer.”‎ Other teachers are trying more unusual methods to improve students' concentration. Anne Savan, from Wales, was so worried about her students that she started playing Mozart during her science lessons. She says that it had an amazing effect, “The music made them calmer, and their concentration was much better.”‎ But not everyone believes that there is a problem. Ray Cole, an educational psychologist says, “On the web, young people learn to make quick decisions about what is and isn't worth reading. They might look at five unhelpful websites very quickly, before stopping and reading a sixth useful website more carefully. In a world with so much information available, this is an important skill.”‎ 本文是一篇议论文。随着科技的发展，人们将大量时间花在浏览网站上，快速不断地浏览网站使人们的注意力时长越来越短；但是有人认为，浏览网站可以提高年轻人的判断能力。‎ ‎1．Why does the writer mention “goldfish”？‎ 7‎ A．To analyze data.‎ B．To introduce a topic.‎ C．To settle problems.‎ D．To suggest a way out.‎ 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。文章第一段第一句说金鱼只能集中九秒钟的注意力；结合第一段的第二句“But according to new research, humans are becoming like goldfish.”可知，人们正变得像金鱼一样。接着文章提出中心论点：由于技术(应用)，我们的注意力时长变得越来越短。据此可以判断，作者用金鱼的例子是为了引出文章主题。‎ ‎2．What may cause a shorter attention span according to Dr Ted Selker?‎ A．Skipping on the Internet.‎ B．Time to digest information.‎ C．Traditional methods of reading.‎ D．Making decisions.‎ 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“We move quickly from one site to another on the web...And we are losing the ability to concentrate.”可知，Ted Selker认为，由于快速浏览网站，人们正在丧失集中注意力的能力。‎ ‎3．What will help students overcome a short attention span?‎ A．Receiving emails.‎ B．Texting messages.‎ C．Reading more books.‎ D．Watching quickie movies.‎ 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句可知，阅读更多的书将有助于学生克服注意力时间短的问题。‎ ‎4．What is Ray Cole's attitude towards looking through websites quickly?‎ A．Cautious.　　　　　　　 B．Unfavorable.‎ C．Skeptical. D．Supportive.‎ 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But not everyone believes that there is a problem...On the web, young people learn to make quick decisions about what is and isn't worth reading.”可知，Ray Cole认为年轻人快速浏览网站可以提高自己快速判断的能力；据此可判断，Ray Cole对快速浏览网站持支持态度。‎ 7‎ Ⅱ.阅读填句 ‎(2019·河北衡水一中模拟)‎ You need to dress warmly when you play in the snow. And to get around in deep snow, you might need snowshoes.‎ Animals need winter coats and snowshoes too.‎ A musk ox (麝牛) wears two coats in winter. __1__ It keeps the inner coat of soft fur warm and dry. The furry undercoat falls off each spring and the ox grows a new one every winter.‎ A snowshoe rabbit changes its coat to match the season. __2__ In winter it grows white fur to match the snow. It even has fur on the bottoms of its feet.‎ ‎__3__ A seal (海豹) has an extra layer under its fur coat too. This thick layer of fat lies under the seal's skin and is great at holding in heat, especially in the water.‎ The Arctic fox has fur on the bottoms of its feet and one of the warmest double coats of any animal. But on very cold and windy days, it adds something. __4__‎ A polar bear's big feet act like snowshoes. __5__ The bottom of each foot is protected by fur and the fur helps the bear walk on the snowy ground.‎ A．It can run very quickly.‎ B．Do you wear a sweater under your coat?‎ C．They can move quickly across the snow.‎ D．The outer coat reaches almost to the ground.‎ E．It uses its thick tail like a scarf to cover its nose and face.‎ F．In summer its brown fur helps it hide among dirt and rocks.‎ G．They spread out the bear's weight so it can walk easily on the snow.‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了动物如何抵御寒冷以及如何在冰天雪地里行走。‎ ‎1．D　解析：根据下一句“It keeps the inner coat of soft fur warm and dry.”可知，D项“外面的皮毛几乎垂到地面”符合语境。且D项中的“outer coat”与下一句中的“inner coat”相呼应。‎ ‎2．F　解析：根据该空前的“changes its coat to match the season”和该空后的“In winter it grows white fur to match the snow.”可知，雪鞋兔的皮毛为了和不同的季节保持协调而发生变化，因此F项介绍雪鞋兔的皮毛在夏天时的情况符合语境。且F项中的“In summer”和下一句中的“In winter”形成对比。‎ ‎3．B　解析：根据该空后的“an extra layer under its fur coat too”可知，B项“你在外套里面穿毛衣吗？”符合语境。且B项中的“a sweater under your 7‎ ‎ coat”与下一句中的“an extra layer under its fur coat”相呼应。‎ ‎4．E　解析：根据该空前的“it adds something”可知，北极狐的尾巴还可当作围巾使用，包裹鼻子和脸。‎ ‎5．G　解析：根据该空前的“A polar bear's big feet act like snowshoes.”可知，G项“北极熊宽大的脚可以分摊自身的重量并且保证它们在雪上轻松行走”符合此处语境。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2019·山东济南外国语学校检测)‎ Dr Barone has helped many kids smile who were born with defects (缺陷), including me. She did my first two operations when I was a baby, which were the most important and __1__ (effect)．‎ I don't remember the first two operations very well, but I do recall __2__ third. Dr Barone was kind and eased me into the process. She let me choose my sleep medicine, __3__ (make) sure that I was okay. I recently saw a picture of me before my operation, and I know __4__ a big job she did.‎ Dr Barone __5__ (operate) on people with all types of birth defects. She also goes to other countries where people cannot afford this treatment and helps them __6__ free.‎ Many people benefit from her new ways __7__ (invent) to fix birth defects of the head and face. She has won many __8__ (award). A few of the most recent are Best Doctors in America 2013 — 2014, America's Top Plastic Surgery, and many others.‎ Dr Barone was my doctor when I was a kid, and even though I was __9__ (probable) just another patient to her, to me she was __10__ (much) than just my doctor. She was and is my hero, and she gave me back my smile.‎ 本文主要讲述了Barone医生治病救人的故事。‎ ‎1．effective　解析：考查形容词。根据and前的important可知，空处应用形容词effective。‎ ‎2．the　解析：考查冠词。序数词前一般用定冠词修饰，表示第几。‎ ‎3．making　解析：考查非谓语动词。make和句子谓语动词let之间没有连词，且和句子主语She构成主谓关系，故用动词ing形式作状语。‎ ‎4．what　解析：考查感叹句。what引导的感叹句的结构：what＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数，故填what。‎ ‎5．operates　解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处表示经常做的事情，故用一般现在时，且由句子主语Dr Barone可知，应填operates，与下文的goes和helps呼应。‎ 7‎ ‎6．for　解析：考查介词。for free意为“免费”，为固定搭配，故用介词for。‎ ‎7．invented　解析：考查非谓语动词。invent和句子谓语动词benefit之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且空处和其逻辑主语ways构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。‎ ‎8．awards　解析：考查名词单复数。award作名词，为可数名词；由many可知，此处应用复数形式。‎ ‎9．probably　解析：考查副词。此处应用副词probably在句子中作状语。‎ ‎10．more　解析：考查比较级。由than可知，此处应用比较级形式，故填more。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎(2019·河南省实验中学月考)‎ I have a good friend calling Lily, whose parents are all teachers. She is the easygoing girl who gets on well with everyone in our class. She was always the top student in our grade. To my disappointment, hardly as I work, I have great difficulty in catching up her. To be frankly, she is the envy of many students, both boys and girls. For me, on the one hand, we are good friend; on the other hand, I make every effort to be equal to her. What difficulty I meet I won't give it up. I always believe where there is a will there is a way.‎ 答案与解析 I have a good friend Lily, whose parents are teachers. She is easygoing girl who gets on well with everyone in our class. She always the top student in our grade. To my disappointment, as I work, I have great difficulty in catching up her. To be ， she is the envy of many students, both boys and girls. For me, on the one hand, we are good ； on the other hand, I make every effort to be equal to her. difficulty I meet I won't give up. I always believe where there is a will there is a way.‎ ‎1．calling→called　考查非谓语动词。这里called...为过去分词短语作定语，相当于who is called...。‎ ‎2．all→both　考查代词。all指三者或三者以上，而此处指父母两个人，因此用both。‎ ‎3．the→an　考查冠词。此处指“一个”，而the表示特指。‎ ‎4．was→is　考查时态。这里叙述现在的一般情况，而不是过去的事情，因此用一般现在时。‎ 7‎ ‎5．hardly→hard　考查副词。hardly意思是“几乎不”，而hard的意思是“努力地；刻苦地”。‎ ‎6．her前面加with　考查动词短语。catch up with为固定搭配，意思是“赶得上”。‎ ‎7．frankly→frank　考查形容词。frankly为副词，而此处需要形容词作表语。‎ ‎8．friend→friends　考查名词的单复数形式。we是复数，因此这里指“两个人是好朋友”，因此用复数。‎ ‎9．What→Whatever　考查让步状语从句的引导词。Whatever在这里引导的是让步状语从句，意思是“无论什么”。‎ ‎10．去掉it　考查动词短语。give up意思是“放弃”，此处为不及物动词。‎ Ⅴ.书面表达 ‎(2019·河北保定调研)‎ 假如你是李华，Mr Ken Hyland(世界著名语言学家)应邀来你校参观、讲学，并举行了座谈会以了解中国学生英语学习的情况。现由你代表你校学生主持座谈会并进行发言，对客人表示欢迎，并简要介绍其作品Discourse Studies Reader、Teaching and Researching Writing等，告诉大家可以在座谈会上就英语学习方面的问题向Mr Hyland提问。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考词汇：讲学deliver a lecture　语言学家linguist Dear friends，‎ I, on behalf of our school, would like to extend our warm welcome to Mr Ken Hyland, our distinguished guest. We are lucky to have him visit our school.‎ Being a world famous English linguist, as is known to us all, he has written lots of books, including Discourse Studies Reader, Teaching and Researching Writing and so on. Today Mr Hyland, a remarkable professor, is invited to come to our school to deliver a lecture on writing and about English study in high schools in China, which is a golden opportunity for us to promote our English. Meanwhile, if you have any questions on English study, you can put forward your questions and ask him for help. I do believe that his shining ideas will be beneficial to us.‎ We wish you, our honorable guest, good health and a pleasant journey in our school. Now a wonderful lecture from Mr Hyland is eagerly expected and let's express our sincere welcome once again.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 7‎ 7‎