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2018
届 二轮复习
祈使句&感叹句
知识梳理
1.
祈使句的否定式和强调式
1)
祈使句的否定式是在整个结构前加
don’t
或
never
。
e.g.
Never
come late.
Please
don’t
forget to take your
medicine.
祈使句
注意:
以
let
开头的祈使句的否定形式通常是在
let’s
或
let us/me
后加
not
。
e.g.
Let’s not
waste our time arguing about it!
2)
祈使句的
强调式是在整个结构之前加
do
。
e.g.
Do
give my regards to your parents!
2.
祈使句表假设的情况
祈使句常用于固定句式“
祈使句+
and/or/otherwise
+一般将来时陈述句
”,
若前后表顺承关系,用
and
;若前后表转折关系,用
or
或
otherwise
,祈使句则相当于一个条件状语从句。
1)
祈使句+
and
+陈述句=名词短语+
and
+
陈述句=
if
条件状语从句+主句
e.g.
Have
a little patience
and
we’ll look into it soon.
=
Just a little
patience
and
we’ll look into it soon.
=
If
you have a little patience, we’ll look
into it soon.
2)
祈使句+
or
+陈述句=
if...not...
+主句
e.g.
Work
harder,
or
you’ll fail.
=
If
you
don’t
work harder, you’ll fail.
表示强烈情绪
(
喜、怒、哀、乐、惊、恐等
)
的句子叫感叹句,
通常由
what
或
how
引导
。
1.
基本形式
1)
What
+
(a/an)
+形容词+名词+主语+谓
语!
e.g.
What a
clever boy he is!
What wonderful
ideas you have!
感叹句
2)
How
+形容词+
a/an
+单数可数名词+主语+谓语
e.g.
How difficult
a problem it is!
3)
How
+形容词
/
副词+主语+谓语!
e.g.
How clever
the boy is!
2.
其他形式的感叹句
1) how
直接修饰谓语动词:
How
+主语+谓
语!
e.g. How (much) we love our motherland!
2)
常见的其他形式
e.g. How can you be so silly
!
The designs and the colors
!
考点归纳
感叹句、祈使句
1)
what
与
how
引导的感叹句
作为宾语从句出现
在试题中,其
难点有两方面
:一是复数名词
或不可数名词前面用
what
还是
how;
二是感
叹句的语序。
2)
祈使句的主要考点
:根据句式特点判断是
祈使分句还是状语成分;祈使句+
and/or
+结果分句。
真题再现
Ⅰ.
单项选择。
1. Read this story, _____ you will realize that
not everything can be bought with money.
【
2013
四川
】
A. or B. and C. but D. so
【解析
】
祈使句
+and+
陈述句。
前后两个分句之间为顺承关系
,
故选择并列连词
and
。
A
表示两分句之间为转折关系
; B
表示两分句之间为顺承关系
; C
表示两分句之间为转折关系
; D
表示两分句之间为因果关系。
2. Always ________ in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.
【
2015
湖南
】
A. to keep B. to have kept
C. keep D. have kept
Ⅱ.
完成下列句子。
________ (observe) carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.
【
2014
北京
】
2. ______ (make) what you’re doing today important, because you’re trading a day of your life for it.
【
2014
湖南
】
3. Every day _____ (read) a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.
【
2013
湖南
】
Observe
Make
read
4. ______ (knock) at the door before you enter my room, please.
【
2012
北京
】
5. Before you quit your job, ________ (consider) how your family would feel about your decision.
【
2012
重庆
】
Knock
consider
I.
根据汉语意思补全下面句子。
1.
你过来一下
!
我有事情要告诉你。
_______________! I have something to tell you.
2.
下一次不要再迟到了。
______________ again next time.
巩固练习
You come here
Don't be late
3.
琳达,今天你打扫房间,好吗?
Linda, you clean the room today, _____________?
4.
我们喝一杯咖啡
,
好吗?
______________________, shall we?
5.
快走,否则你就赶不上公共汽车了。
Go quick, ____________________.
6.
我们不要告诉她发生了什么。
_______________________________ what happened.
will / won't you
Let's have a cup of coffee
or you'll miss the bus
Don't let's tell her / Let's not tell her
II.
根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面对话。
David: Monica, I'm thirsty. 1. ______________________________ (
请给我一些喝的
).
Monica: OK, here is a glass of milk.
David: I was just playing soccer and 2. ______________________ (
让我喝一杯冰饮料吧
).
Give me something to drink please
let me have an iced drink
Monica: 3. ____________________________ _______________ (
刚运动完,不要马上喝冷的东西
). It's not healthy.
David: Thanks. It doesn't matter. I have been used to that.
Monica: OK. Here you are.
Don't drink anything cold right
after exercising