高中英语复习资料大全 43页

高中英语复习要点 1 be used to (doing) sth 对……习以为常，习惯于，适应 [词语辨析] used to do sth, be used to doing sth 和 be used to do sth 的用法比较 ▲used to do sth 指的是过去的习惯性动作，目的在于与现在形成对照。 I used to work hard. 我过去常常努力工作。暗含的意义是：我现在不努力工作了。 ▲be/get/become used to (doing) sth 习惯于，to 是介词。 He was used to the cold weather after he lived there for two years． 在那里住了两年后，他已习惯了寒冷的天气。 I think it is a bit difficult for you to get used to the humid weather here． 我想让你习惯于这里潮湿而炎热的天气有点困难。 You'll soon get used to living in the country. 很快你就会习惯于住在乡下了。 ▲be used to do sth 被用来做某事，to 是不定式符号。 A metal bar was used to force the door open. 用金属棒把门撬开了。 2 intend v. 想要，打算 [基本构词] intention n. 意图，打算 [短语搭配] intended a. 打算的，预期的；故意的，有意的 intend to do sth 打算做某事 intend sb/sth to do 打算让某人或某物做…… intend sb/sth for 打算将......供给……; 打算使......成为……; 想让......从事某事 be intended to do 是为了（做） [典型例句] be intended for sth...是为了...... Erna intends to take short rests every two hours. 欧娜打算每隔两小时休息片刻。 He intends his son to manage the company. 他打算让他儿子经营该公司。 That trap is intended for you. 那个圈套是为你而设的。 The project is intended to help the earthquake victims. 这个项目旨在帮助地震灾民。 3 lie (lied, lied) n.& vi. 谎言; 说谎 lie (lay, lain) vi. 躺；卧；平放；位于 [短语搭配] tell a lie 说谎 lie in 在于...... lie on one’s back /stomach/ side 仰卧/俯卧/侧卧 [典型例句] He has lain there for 3 days. 他躺在那儿三天了。 He has never lied to me. 他从不对我说谎。 4 recommend vt. 推荐；建议，劝告 [基本构词] recommendation n. 建议；推荐 [短语搭配] recommend sb sth = recommend sth to/for sb 向某人推荐…... recommend sb for sth 推荐某人担任…… recommend sb as 推荐某人为…… recommend (sb's/sb) doing 建议某人做某事 recommend that sb (should) do 建议某人做某事 recommend sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 [典型例句] He recommended the young man to our firm (for the post). 他推荐那位年轻人到我们公司 (担任那个职位)。 I can recommend him as an extremely good lawyer. 我推荐他一定能当个极好的律师。 Can you recommend a website for/to me? 你能给我推荐一个网站吗？ Can you recommend me a good novel? 你给我介绍一本好的小说行吗? I recommend that you (should) resign. 我建议你辞职。 I recommended (you) meeting him first. 我建议（你）先见见他。 I wouldn't recommend you to go travelling alone. 我劝你不要孤身一人去旅游。 5 convenient a. 便利的，方便的 [基本构词] convenience n. 便利 conveniently ad. 便利地 [短语搭配] be convenient for/to 离（某地）很近便；对（某人）方便 at sb’s convenience 在某人方便时 [典型例句] Our school is convenient for (to) the station. 我们学校离车站很近便。 If it is convenient for (to) you, we’ll come tomorrow. 如果你方便的话，我们就明天来吧。 Please call me back at your convenience. 请你方便的时候回个电话给我。 6 determine vt. 决定；决心 [基本构词] determination n. 决心 determined a. 坚定的，坚决的 [短语搭配] determine to do sth 决心做某事 be determined to do sth 决心做某事 determine on /upon sth 对某事下定决心 determine sb to do sth 使某人决心做某事 [典型例句] He is determined to go at once. 他决心立刻就走。 His advice determined me to drink and smoke no more. 他的劝告使我决心不再抽烟喝酒了。 We have determined on/upon an early start. 我们决心早点出发。 1 surprise v. 使…...惊奇, 使…...震惊 n. 惊奇，惊异；吃惊的事 [基本构词] surprised adj. 感到吃惊的 surprising adj. 令人吃惊的 [短语搭配] surprise sb 使某人吃惊 to one's surprise 使某人吃惊的是…… in surprise 惊奇地，吃惊地 by surprise 出其不意地 be surprised to do sth 做某事感到吃惊 [典型例句] The news greatly surprised us. 这条消息使我们大为惊讶。 Her face showed surprise at the news. 听到这个消息她脸上露出了惊奇的神情。 He gave me a surprise by arriving early. 他的早到使我大吃一惊。 To our surprise, the boy won the prize. 使我们惊奇的是这个男孩获奖了。 “How did you come here?” she said in surprise. “你怎么到这儿来的?”她惊讶地说。 [词语辨析] ▲surprising 具有主动意义，多用来表示事物的特征，在句中多作定语或表语。 ▲surprised 具有被动意义, 多用来表示人的心理特征, 在句中多作定语, 表语或状语。 He gave me some surprising news. 他给我带来一些令人惊讶的消息。 The result is surprising. 结果是令人惊讶的。 I was surprised to see him there. 我真想不到会在那儿见到他。 Surprised at his success, we asked him how he had made it. 对他的成功感到很惊讶，我们问他是怎么做到的。 类似的单词有: worried/worrying, pleased/pleasing, excited/exciting, encouraged/encouraging, interested/interesting, satisfied/satisfying, bored/boring, scared/scaring, frightened/frightening, frustrated/frustrating 等。 2 charge n. 负责，管理；收费；控告 v. 收(费)，索(价)；控告 [短语搭配] in /under the charge of sb 由某人负责 in charge of 主管 free of charge 免费地 charge sb some money (for sth) 向某人要价多少 charge sb with sth 指控某人某事 have /take charge of 照顾，管理，负责 [典型例句] What is the charge in the hotel? 这旅馆收费多少? Doctors have charge of the sick people. 医生负责照顾病人。 Soon he will take charge of the department. 他很快会来负责管理这个部门。 The ticket is free of charge. 这票是免费的。 He charged me 100 dollars for this coat. 这件外套他要我一百美元。 The driver was charged with speeding. 司机被控超速驾车。 [词语辨析] ▲in charge of 主管，负责（表主动） ▲in the charge of 在……负责之下，由……负责管理（表被动） Mr. Green is in charge of this factory. 格林先生管理这家工厂。 This factory is in the charge of Mr. Green. 这家工厂由格林先生负责管理。 3 insist v. 坚持说；坚决主张，坚持要求 [短语搭配] insist on/upon (doing) sth 坚持做某事 if you insist 如果你一定要坚持的话（常用于口语中，表示勉强同意） [典型例句] She insisted that he was wrong. 她坚持认为他错了。 （表示“坚持说, 坚决认为”时，接 that 从句，从句的动作多为已发生之事，用陈述语气。） He insisted that we (should) accept these gifts.他坚持要我们接受这些礼物。 （表示“坚决主张；坚持要求”时，接 that 从句，从句的动作为将要发生之事，用虚拟气， 即：主语+（should）+动词原形。） He insisted on/upon my going with him.=He insisted that I (should) go with him. 他坚持要我跟他一起去。 4 suggest v. 建议（宾语从句用虚拟语气）；暗示，使想起（宾语从句用陈述语气） [基本构词]suggestion n. 建议 [典型例句] She suggested an early start. 她建议早一点出发。 They suggested waiting until the proper time. 他们建议等到恰当的时机才行动。 She suggested that the class meeting (should) not be held on Saturday. 她建议班会不要在星期六举行。 The smile on his face suggests that he is pleased with my answer. 他脸上的微笑表明他对我的回答很满意。 The thought of summer suggests swimming. 一想到夏天就使人们联想到游泳。 It was suggested that we (should) give a performance at the party. 人们建议我们在晚会上表演节目。 5 require v. 要求；需要 [词语辨析] requirement n. (可数)必需（品）；必要条件 [典型例句] This plan requires careful consideration. 这个计划还需要仔细考虑。 These flowers require watering. 这些花需要浇水了。（doing 含有被动的意思） All the members are required to attend the meeting. 要求所有的会员参加会议。 The court required that he should pay the fine. 法院下令他缴付罚款。（宾语从句的谓语动词用 should+动词原形） 1 admit v. 承认，准许（入场，入学，入会） [基本构词] admission n. 准许 [短语搭配] admit to 承认 admit sb to (into) 允许某人进入(某一组织、机构） admit (doing) sth 承认 [典型例句] No admission without tickets. 无票不准进入。He admitted (to) the murder. 他供认了谋杀罪。He admitted (to) having taken the money. 他承认拿了那笔钱。 students have been admitted into the school this year? 今年这所学校有多少学生入学? [词语辨析] allow, permit, let 和 admit 的用法区别 ▲allow 强调”默许“。用法: allow sb to do; allow doing ▲permit 有时可与 allow 通用，不过它更强烈些，用法：permit sb doing ; permit sb to do 可用于“明文 规定允许或不允许”，如：The policemen permitted him to park here. ▲let 与上面两个可以通用，不过更口语话，而且用法不同：let sb do ▲admit 表示“允许进入，接受（入学，入会）等”。用法：admit sb to some place，这里 to 是介词。 2 blame n.& v. 责备；责怪 [短语搭配] blame sb for (doing) sth 责备某人做了某事 blame sth on sb= put/lay the blame on sb 把某事归咎于某人 be to blame (for) 应(为……)承担责任; 该(为…)受责备（不能用被动语态） accept/bear/take the blame for sth 对某事负责任 [典型例句] Many children are afraid of being blamed for making mistakes in speaking English. 许多孩子害怕讲英语时犯错误而受责备。 The police blamed the traffic accident on Jack's careless driving. 警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克的粗心驾驶。 The children were not to blame for the accident. 那次事故怪不着孩子们。 were ready to take the blame for what had happened. 我们愿对所发生的事负责。 3 doubt n.& v. 怀疑，疑惑 [基本构词] doubtful adj. 怀疑的 [短语搭配] in doubt 怀疑；拿不定主意 no/without/beyond doubt 无疑地；必定；当然 [典型例句] I don’t doubt that he can finish the task on time. 我相信他能按时完成任务。 Do you doubt that she will succeed? 你怀疑她会成功吗？ He doubts if/whether she will keep her word. 他不敢肯定她是否会遵守诺言。 There is no doubt about/of it. 此事无可怀疑。 There is no doubt that they will agree with you on this matter . 毫无疑问，他们在这件事上会同意你的意见的。 4 persuade vt. 说服，劝说 [基本构词] persuasive adj. 有说服力的；令人信服的 persuasion n. 说服；信服；信念 [短语搭配] persuade sb of sth 使某人相信某事 persuade sb to do sth = persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 persuade sb out of doing sth 说服某人不要做某事 [典型例句] I persuaded him of its truth. 我使他相信这是真的。 We will persuade him to take the medicine. 我们将说服他把药吃下去。 I persuaded my father out of smoking. 我劝服了我父亲戒烟。 5 absorb v. 吸收，吸引 [基本构词] absorbed a. 全神贯注的,一心一意的 [短语搭配] be absorbed in 全神贯注于, 专心于 [典型例句] His business absorbs him. 他的业务使他全神贯注。 The clever boy absorbed all the knowledge his teacher could give him. 那个聪明的男孩把他老师所能教他的所有的知识都吸收了。 He was too absorbed in the newspaper to hear the bell. 他专心读报, 连门铃也没听见。 Will was so absorbed in reading that he went without his dinner. 威尔非常专心读书, 以至于晚饭都没有吃 6 hesitate vi. 犹豫，迟疑 [基本构词] hesitation n. 犹豫 [短语搭配] hesitate about/ in/ at/ over doing sth=hesitate to do something 做某事犹豫不决 without hesitation 毫不犹豫地, 立即 have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事 [典型例句] Don't hesitate about that. Do it at once. 对于那件事不要再犹豫了。马上去做吧。 Do not hesitate to give me a call if you need help. 如果你需要帮助就打电话给我，不要犹豫。 He asked her to sit beside him without hesitation. 他毫不犹豫地请她坐在他身旁。 Whenever I have difficulty in learning English，I have no hesitation in turning to Mr Ding’s space for help. 每当我学英语有困难就马上向 Mr Ding 的空间求助。 1 attend v. 出席，参加，到场; 注意; 照料 [短语搭配] attend school/class/church 上学/上课/去教堂做礼拜 attend a meeting/lecture/wedding 参加会议/听讲座/参加婚礼 attend to sb/sth 注意；倾听；专心干；照料，处理 attend (on/upon) sb 伺候/照顾某人 [典型例句] He'll attend an important meeting tomorrow. 他明天要参加一个重要的会议。 If you don’t attend to your teacher, you’ll never learn anything. 你要是不注意听老师讲，你就会什么也学不到。 I may be late——I have one or two things to attend to. 我可能会迟到，我还有一两件事要处理。 The patient has three nurses attending (on) her. 那个病人有三个护士看护。 [词语辨析] join, join in, take part in 和 attend 的用法比较 ▲join 有两个用法： 1 指加入某个党派，团体组织等，成为其成员之一。如： When did your brother join the army? 你哥哥什么时候参军的？ 2 和某人一道做某事，其结构为：join sb in (doing) sth，根据上下文，in (doing) sth 也可以省去。 Will you join us in the discussion? 你参加我们的讨论好吗？ We're going to the East Lake Park on Sunday. Will you join us? 我们打算星期天去东湖公园。你跟我们一道去好吗？ ▲join in 多指参加小规模的活动，如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语。如： Come along, and join in the ball game. 快，来参加球赛。 ▲take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等，着重主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。 We'll take part in social practice during the summer vacation. 暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。 ▲take part in 是惯用词组，part 前一般不用冠词，但 part 前有形容词修饰时，要用不定冠 词。 Lincoln took an active part in political activities and was strongly against slavery. 林肯积极参加政治活动，强烈反对奴隶制。 ▲ attend 是正式用语，及物动词，指参加会议，婚礼，葬礼，典礼；去上课，上学；听报告等。句子的 主语只是去听，去看，自己不一定起积极作用。 如：I attended his lecture. 我听了他的讲课。 2 prepare v. 准备, 预备 [基本构词] preparation n. 准备, 预备 prepared adj. 准备好的 [短语搭配] prepare for=make preparations for 为……做准备 prepare sb for/ to do sth 使某人为……做准备 be prepared for 对…做好准备 prepare sb sth 为某人准备… be prepared to do sth 愿意做某事，乐意做某事 prepare a meal / one’s lesson 准备饭（功课） [典型例句] The secretary has prepared the president a long report. = The secretary has prepared a long report for the president. 秘书已为董事长准备好了一份长篇报告稿。 Will you help me prepare for the get-together of the old classmates? 你能否帮我为这次老同学聚会做好准备工作? We are prepared to supply the goods you ask for. 我们能够且愿意供应你要的货物。 3 experience n. [C] 经历，阅历 [U] 经验 v. 体验；经历 [基本构词] [短语搭配] experienced adj. 有经验的 have experience in /of doing sth 有做某事的经验 experienced teachers 有经验的教师 be experienced in /at doing sth 做某事有经验 [典型例句] I know from experience that he will arrive late. 据我的经验，他会迟到的。 He had many interesting experiences while travelling in Africa. 他在非洲旅行时，有很多有趣的经历。 He experienced great hardships for the first time in his life. 他有生以来第一次体验到巨大的艰苦。 He has had much experience in /of this kind of work. 他有丰富的经验做这项工作。 4 develop v. 培养，养成；发展，开发；冲洗照片等 [基本构词] development n. 发展，进展，开发 developed adj. 先进的，发达的 developing adj. 发展中的 [短语搭配] develop a film 冲洗胶片 develop a mine 开矿 develop into 发展成，变成 be under development 在发展中 a developing/developed country 发展中的国家/发达国家 [典型例句] The best way to make sure that we will feel and look fine is to develop healthy eating habits. 确保我们身体健康的一个最好方法就是养成良好的饮食习惯。 5 attention n. 注意，关注 [基本构词] attentively ad. 注意地 [短语搭配] pay attention to (doing) sth 注意（做）某事 draw / attract/ call one’s attention (to sth) 吸引某人的注意 fix / focus one’s attention on sth 集中注意力于…… [典型例句] Pay attention to the road signs. 注意路牌。 He called our attention to what he said. 他提醒我们注意他说的话。 The rising unemployment drew his attention. 失业率日益升高引起了他的注意。 He fixed his attention on writing. 他专心写作。 6 please v. 使某人满意或愉快 [基本构词] pleased adj. 欣喜的，满意的 pleasant adj. 舒适的，讨人喜欢的 pleasure n. 高兴，满足，乐事 [短语搭配] please sb 取悦某人 be pleased with sb 对某人感到满意 be pleased with /about/at sth 对……高兴（满意） be pleased to do sth 高兴地做…… [典型例句] He looked very pleased with himself so I knew he had passed his driving test. 他看起来得意洋洋, 所以我知道他已通过驾驶考试。 I am very pleased with what he has done. 我对他的工作很满意。 I am very pleased to meet you. 很高兴遇见你。 I am very pleased (that) you've decided to come. 你决定来我很高兴。 The weather there isn't very pleasant. 那儿的气候不太好。 It gives me great pleasure to keep plants and grow flowers at home. 在家养花种草给我很多乐趣。 It is a pleasure to hear her sing. 听她唱歌是一桩乐事。 7 regret v. 感到遗憾, 抱歉, 后悔, 惋惜 n. 遗憾, 悔恨, 抱歉, 歉意 [典型例句] Her regret was that she never had the chance of seeing him. 她遗憾的是从来没有机会见到他。 I regret having done this, but I had no choice. 我很遗憾做了这件事，但我没有别的办法。 [词语辨析] ▲regret to do 对要做的事遗憾(未做) without regret 毫无遗憾地 to one’s regret 令某人遗憾的是 ▲regret doing/having done 对做过的事遗憾、后悔(已做) I regret to tell you that you’re not fit for the job. 很遗憾地告诉你，你不适合这个工作。 To this day I do not regret having made the remark. 到今天我也不后悔说了那番话。 1 puzzle v. (使)迷惑不解，(使)为难；n. [C]难题, （字、画）谜 [基本构词] puzzled a. 迷惑的，困惑的 [短语搭配] puzzle over/about 苦思 puzzling a. 令人迷惑的，令人困惑的 be a puzzle to sb 对某人来说是个谜 be in a puzzle about sth 对某事迷惑不解 [典型例句] I’ve been sitting here puzzling over what to do. 我一直坐在这里苦思着要做什么事。 The computers are a puzzle to me. 我不懂电脑. 2 search n.& v. 搜寻，搜查 [短语搭配] search after/for 寻找, 探求 search one's memory 寻思; 追忆 search a person 搜身 search some place 搜查某地 search out 搜(查)出, 探出 search through 把...仔细搜寻一遍 search into 调查, 研究 in search of 寻找 make a search for 搜查,搜寻 [典型例句] Police searched everyone present at the scene of crime. 警察搜查了在犯罪现场的每一个人。 I've searched my memory, but I can't remember that man's name. 我想了又想,可是记不起那个人的名字。 He searched for work at the various stores. 他在各家商店寻找工作。 The general manager promised to search into the matter. 总经理答应深入调查此事。 3 possibility n. ［U］&［C］可能，可能性 [典型例句] Is there any possibility that he will be elected chairman? 他有可能会当选主席吗？ It’s possible for him to solve the problem. 他可能能解决这个问题。 It’s possible that his illness will get worse. 可能他的病会恶化。 Read as many books as possible. 尽可能多看书。 Send it by air mail if possible. 如果可能的话用航空邮寄. 1 disappointed a. 感到失望的 [基本构词] disappoint vt. 使…失望 disappointing adj. 令人失望的 possible a. 可能的 possibly ad. 可能地，也许 disappointment ［U］失望，扫兴；［C］令人失望的事 [短语搭配] be / feel disappointed at / about sth 对某事感到失望 be disappointed to do sth 做某事很失望 令某人失望的是 be / feel disappointed with sb 对某人感到失望 in disappointment 失望地 [典型例句] The result of the football game disappointed all the football fans. 足球比赛的结果使所有球迷非常失望。 We were all disappointed at the news that our picnic was cancelled because of the rain. 因为下雨我们的野餐被取消了，我们对此消息都感到失望。 The fans were disappointed to see their favorite contestant go out in the contest. 歌迷们看到他们最喜爱的选手在比赛中被淘汰感到很失望。 She said she couldn't attend my birthday party, which was very disappointing. 她说她不能参加我的生日聚会了，这很令人失望。 Not getting the job was really a disappointment. 没有获得那份工作真叫人失望。 To his disappointment, the prices of houses have gone down ever since the beginning of this year.使令他失望的 是，从今年年初开始，房价一直在跌。 2 still adj./adv. 静止不动; 仍然; 还要，更 [基本构词] stillness n. 静止 [典型例句] Are you still working for the same firm? 你仍然在为同一家公司工作吗？ The children wouldn't keep still. 那些孩子不会一动不动的。 It’s still hotter in July.七月份更热。 [词语辨析] still , quiet, silent ▲修饰环境时：quiet 指没有吵闹干扰；still 指完全没有声音。 ▲修饰人时：quiet 指性情温和、安静等；still 指“一动不动”；silent 侧重“沉默”、“不说话”，但不一定 不动。 1 sense v. & n. 意识到；感官，感觉 [短语搭配] make sense 讲得通；有意义 make sense of 懂得，理解 common sense 常识 a sense of direction 方向感 in a/ some sense 在某种意义上 [典型例句] Richard has a great sense of humor. Richard 很幽默。 In what sense are you using the word? 你用这个词是什么意思？ The mouse sensed danger and slipped quietly. 老鼠感觉到了危险，悄悄地溜走了。 [词语辨析] sense, feel ▲feel 是常用词，含义广泛，可以表示感官、情感、想法等。 ▲sense 是正式用词，指“隐约感到”，不是凭感官而是凭直觉，不可跟表示“冷，热，饿”等的名词或 形容词。 I felt cold. 我感到冷。 I sensed danger. 我感觉到有危险。 Nothing feels right in our new house. 我们新房子里，样样都觉得不对劲。 She sensed what her mother was thinking. 她领悟到了妈妈的想法。 2 beat v. 跳动；（接连）地打；打败 [短语搭配] beat down 击败，摧毁 beat up 暴打某人 [典型例句] My heart is beating faster than usual. 我的心跳得比平时更快。 My father will beat me up if I do this. 如果我那样做的话，我父亲会暴打我一顿。 3 prove v. 证明是（系动词）；证明（及物动词） [基本构词] proof n. 证据 [典型例句] His suspicions（怀疑） proved (to be) correct. 结果证明他的怀疑是正确的。 Can you prove your theory? 你能证明你的理论吗？ 4 add v. 补充说；增加 [基本构词] addition n. 增加；增加物 [短语搭配] add up 加起来 add up to 总计，达到 add...to… 把……加入到…… add to 增加 [典型例句] He explained, and added that he was sorry. 他解释了并且说很抱歉。 His illness had added to their difficulties. 他的疾病增加了他们的困难。 Add your scores up and we will see who won. 把你们的比分加起来看谁赢了。 Little changes add up to a great change. 小变化累积成大变化。 5 avoid v. 避免 [基本构词] avoidance n.避免 avoidable adj. 可避免的 [短语搭配] avoid (doing) sth 避免，回避 [典型例句] He drove carefully to avoid the holes in the road. 为了避开路上的那些坑，他开得很细心。 It's best to avoid going out in the strong midday sun. 在中午太阳光线很强的时候，你最好避免外出。 6 still adj./adv. 静止不动; 仍然; 还要，更 [基本构词] stillness n. 静止 [典型例句] Are you still working for the same firm? 你仍然在为同一家公司工作吗？ The children wouldn't keep still. 那些孩子不会一动不动的。 It’s still hotter in July.七月份更热。 [词语辨析] still , quiet, silent ▲修饰环境时：quiet 指没有吵闹干扰；still 指完全没有声音。 ▲修饰人时：quiet 指性情温和、安静等；still 指“一动不动”；silent 侧重“沉默”、“不说话”，但不一定 不动。 7 sense v. & n. 意识到；感官，感觉 [短语搭配] make sense 讲得通；有意义 make sense of 懂得，理解 common sense 常识 a sense of direction 方向感 in a/ some sense 在某种意义上 [典型例句] Richard has a great sense of humor. Richard 很幽默。 In what sense are you using the word? 你用这个词是什么意思？ The mouse sensed danger and slipped quietly. 老鼠感觉到了危险，悄悄地溜走了。 [词语辨析] sense, feel ▲feel 是常用词，含义广泛，可以表示感官、情感、想法等。 ▲sense 是正式用词，指“隐约感到”，不是凭感官而是凭直觉，不可跟表示“冷，热，饿”等的名词或 形容词。 I felt cold. 我感到冷。 I sensed danger. 我感觉到有危险。 Nothing feels right in our new house. 我们新房子里，样样都觉得不对劲。 She sensed what her mother was thinking. 她领悟到了妈妈的想法。 1 beat v. 跳动；（接连）地打；打败 [短语搭配] beat down 击败，摧毁 beat up 暴打某人 [典型例句] My heart is beating faster than usual. 我的心跳得比平时更快。 My father will beat me up if I do this. 如果我那样做的话，我父亲会暴打我一顿。 2 prove v. 证明是（系动词）；证明（及物动词） [基本构词] proof n. 证据 [典型例句] His suspicions（怀疑） proved (to be) correct. 结果证明他的怀疑是正确的。 Can you prove your theory? 你能证明你的理论吗？ 3 add v. 补充说；增加 [基本构词] addition n. 增加；增加物 [短语搭配] add up 加起来 add up to 总计，达到 add...to… 把……加入到…… add to 增加 [典型例句] He explained, and added that he was sorry. 他解释了并且说很抱歉。 His illness had added to their difficulties. 他的疾病增加了他们的困难。 Add your scores up and we will see who won. 把你们的比分加起来看谁赢了。 Little changes add up to a great change. 小变化累积成大变化。 4 avoid v. 避免 [基本构词] avoidance n.避免 avoidable adj. 可避免的 [短语搭配] avoid (doing) sth 避免，回避 [典型例句] He drove carefully to avoid the holes in the road. 为了避开路上的那些坑，他开得很细心。 It's best to avoid going out in the strong midday sun. 在中午太阳光线很强的时候，你最好避免外出。 5 honour n. [U] 荣誉, 名誉;面子; 敬意 [基本构词]honoured adj. 感到荣幸的 honourable adj. 光荣的，可敬的，高尚的 [短语搭配] show honour to sb 尊敬某人，向……表示敬意 be/feel honoured to do sth 做某事感到荣幸 in honour of 向……表示敬意 [典型例句] I am honoured to be asked to speak here. 受邀请在这儿发言我感到非常荣幸。 He was honoured as a hero. 他被授予英雄称号。 The students should show their honour to their teachers. 学生应该尊敬老师。 It is a great honour to be invited here today. 今天承蒙邀请到此，深感荣幸。 1 compete vi. 比赛，竞赛 [基本构词] competition n. 比赛，竞赛 competitor n. 竞赛者，比赛者 competitive adj. 比赛的，有竞争力的 [短语搭配] compete with / against sb for sth 与……竞争想获得…… compete in… 参加……比赛 compete for 为……而竞争 [典型例句] Several companies are competing against/with each other for the project. 几家公司为了争取这项工程而互相竞争。 Five children competed in the race. 五个孩子参加赛跑。 [词语辨析] ▲compete vi. 比赛，竞赛 ▲complete a. 完成的 vt. 完成，结束 2 attempt vt.& n. 试图，尝试 [短语搭配] on one’s first attempt 在第一次尝试时 attempt doing/to do sth 尝试做某事 make an attempt to do sth = make an attempt at doing sth 试图做某事 [典型例句] He attempted to leave but was stopped. 他试图要走，但被拦住了。 He attempted swimming across the river. 他试图要游过河去。 He made no attempt to carry it out. 他没有设法把它付诸实施。 3 delighted adj. 高兴的，愉快的, 欣喜的 [基本构词] delight n.& v. 快乐，欣喜；使快乐 [短语搭配] a delighted look 高兴的表情 delightful adj. 令人愉快的，令人高兴的 be delighted to do… 乐于做…… be delighted at… 因……而高兴 take delight in doing sth. 以……为乐 [典型例句] to one’s delight 使某人高兴的是 with delight 高兴地 My friends are delighted at my success. 我的朋友为我成功而高兴。 The children were made to laugh with delight. 孩子们被逗得高兴地大笑。 I was delighted to be invited to her party. 我很高兴被邀请参加她的聚会。 She takes delight in cooking lovely meals. 她以烹饪美食为乐。 It is a delight to be invited to her birthday party. 受到邀请参加她的生日聚会是很快乐的事。 1 debate n.辩论，辩论会 v. 辩论，争论，讨论 [短语搭配] beyond debate 无可辩论 open a debate 展开辩论 a heated debate 激烈的辩论 hold a debate 举行辩论 会 2 concern vt. 关系到；影响; 使担心；使关心；使烦恼 n. 有关…的事（可数）; 关怀, 关心（不可数）; 焦急, 忧虑（不可数） [基本构词] concerned adj.担心的；烦恼的；忧虑的；有关的，涉及的（置于名词之后） concerning prep. 关 于 [短语搭配] concern oneself with / in / about sth 关心某事; 忙于某事 be concerned with/in 与……有关 so/as far as...be concerned 就……来说/而论 be concerned about 担心，操心 show concern for sb 关心某人 have no concern with 与……无关 [典型例句] There's no need to concern yourself with this matter. 你不用管这事。 It is reported that the pop singer is concerned with selling drugs.据报道那个流行歌手涉嫌贩毒。 She is concerned about her son’s future. 他很担心她儿子的前途。 Some people don't show much concern for our environment. 有些人不太关心我们的环境 So far as I am concerned, the second arrangement is more suitable. 就我来说，第二种安排更合适。 For more information concerning the club, contact me, please. 如果你想了解关于俱乐部的更多消息，请与我联系。 3 raise vt. 使升高； 饲养 ▲raise 为及物动词，过去式和过去分词均为 raised，表示主语发出的动作作用于其他事物。用法如下： 1) 举起，抬起 He is a player of raising a weight. 他是名举重运动员。 2) 增加某物之数量、容量 Prices hae been raised up. 价格被提高了。 Mr Smith raised his voice so that everyone in the room can hear him. 史密斯先生提高了声音以便屋里的人都能听见。 3) 提高（某事物的水平） We must do everything we can to raise the farmer's living standards. 我们必须尽一切所能来提高农民的生活水平。 4) 养育 The poor peasant had to work hard to raise his family. 那可怜的农民得辛苦干活来养家。 4 remain v. 余下，留下；停留，保持；仍是 [基本构词] remains n. 剩余物；遗址；遗体 remaining adj. 剩下的；余下的（做前置定语) remainder n. 剩余物；余数；廉价出售的书籍 [典型例句] The doctor suggested he (should) remain in bed for a few days. 医生建议他卧床几天。 A great many things remain to be done (= have not yet been done). 许多事情仍需要去完成。 He remained silent. 他保持沉默。 It remains a secret. 这仍然是个秘密。 After the flood, nothing remained of the village. 洪灾之后这个村庄没剩下什么了。 1 clothing n. (总称) 衣服 [词语辨析] clothing 和 clothes 的用法比较 ▲clothing 是不可数名词，是衣服的总称。 They wear very little clothing. 他们衣服穿得很少。 ▲ clothes n. “衣服”，指各种衣物。是一个没有单数形式的复数名词, 其前不可加不定冠 词，也不可加数词，但可用 some, these, those, many, few 等词修饰。 正：those clothes/few clothes/many clothes 误：a clothes/two clothes/three clothes 比较而言 clothes 的含义比较具体，而 clothing 的含义则比较抽象。 比较： He is washing his clothes. 他在洗衣服。 Our clothing protects us against the cold. 我们的衣服可以御寒。 注意：要表示衣服的数量，可用以下的表达： 误：a suit of clothing 正：a suit of clothes 一套衣服 误：an article of clothes 正：an article of clothing 一件衣服 3 case n. 情况 [短语搭配] in case 万一，假设(=if); 以防万一 in case of 以防…...，万一发生…... in any case 在任何情况下；无论如何 [典型例句] in no case 决不 in this / that case 如果这样/那样的话 In case anything important happens, please call me up. 万一有什么重要的事，请打电话给我。 You had better carry some money in case(you want to buy something). 你最好带些钱以防万一你想买点东西。 In any case, do your best. 不管怎么样你都要尽力。 In no case should you give up. 你决不能放弃。 It’s difficult to know what to do in this case. 在这种情况下很难知道怎么做。 1 supply v.& n. 供给，供应 [词语辨析] supply, provide 和 offer 的用法比较 ▲supply: 供给；补充，弥补 supply+gas/water etc. 用在公用事业上面的居多，着重表示替换或补足所需之物，满足要求的意思；还可作 名词，意为“供给（量），物资，存货”。 常用词组：supply sth to sb/supply sb with sth we have a good supply of water here. 们这儿水的供应充足。 The school supplies books to the children. 学校为孩子们提供书本。 ▲provide: 供给，提供；装备 provide+services，etc.，强调有预见，并通过储存或准备的方式为某事做准备，以在需要 提供所需物品。 常用词组：provide sb with sth/provide sth for sb She provided her father with all the food and money he wanted. 她给她父亲提供他所需要的食物和钱。 ▲offer: 提出，提供；呈现；出价 offer+drink/paper 向别人提供帮助，服务或物品，这可能是对方要求也可能是自己主动提的。 常用词组：offer to help sb offer sb sth/offer sth to sb He offered to lend me some books. 他表示要借给我几本书。 We offered him the calculator for US$50. 这计算器我们向他开价五十美元。 2 view n. 看法，见解；风景，景色;视野 [短语搭配] in view 在视野范围内 come into view 进入视野 in one’s view 在某人看来 in view of sth 鉴于某事物；考虑到某事物 [典型例句] The view from the top of the hill was good. 从山顶上看风景很美。 He has strong views on education. 他对教育的观点很强硬。 In my view, he should never have been offered the job in the first place. 在我看来，原先压根儿就不该给他这份工作。 In view of his age, I have decided not to blame him. 考虑到他的年龄，我决定不怪他。 3 curious a. 好奇的；奇异的 [基本构词] [短语搭配] curiously ad. 好奇地 curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心 be curious to do sth 好奇想做某事 be curious about 对……感到好奇 arouse / excite one’s curiosity 引起某人的好奇心 [典型例句] Children are naturally curious about everything around them. 小孩子会自然地对周围每一件事感到好奇。 I’m curious to know what they are talking about. 我很想知道他们在谈论什么。 That he left without saying goodbye aroused my curiosity. 他不辞而别引起我的好奇心。 4 present a. [′preznt]出席的，到场（做表语或后置定语）; 现在，目前（做前置定语） n. [′preznt]礼物，赠品; 目前，现在 v. [pri′zent]呈奉，奉送 [短语搭配] at present=at the present time 目前 for the present 目前，暂且 to the present 到目前 be present at 出席，到场 [典型例句] How many people were present at the meeting? 有多少人出席了会议？ In the present case, we can do nothing but wait. 在目前的情况下我们只能等候。 He is in Shanghai at present. 他现在在上海。 I can’t remember it for the present. 我暂时记不起来了。 I presented the letter of introduction to the manager. 我把介绍信交给了经理。 5 result n. 结果，效果 v. 结果，导致 [短语搭配] result in 造成某种结果，导致 result from 由于…...而产生，作为……的结果 as a result 因此 as a result of 因为…… without result (= in vain) 徒劳，毫无结果 [典型例句] The accident resulted in the death of two passengers. 车祸导致两名乘客死亡。 The illness will result in total blindness if (it is) left untreated. 如果不治疗的话，这病将导致完全失明。 Illness often results from eating too much.=Eating too much often results in illness. 疾病往往是因吃的太多而致。 We had to stay at home as a result of the heavy rain. 由于下很大的雨，我们只得呆在家里。 He tried to recall her name without result. 他试图想起她的名字，但没能想起。 6 certain a. （未指明真实名称的）某……；确定的，无疑的；一定会…… [基本构词] certainly ad. 当然；一定，无疑 certainty n. 确实; 必然 [短语搭配] be certain to do sth 必定会 for certain 确信 It’s certain that- 一定，肯定 [典型例句] A certain Mr. Jones called while you were out. 你不在的时候有一个琼斯先生打电话来了。 She is certain to come. 她一定会来。 I don’t know for certain when he will come. 我不确定他什么时候来。 It’s certain that the earth is round. 地球是圆的这一点是肯定的。 I’m certain of your success.=I’m certain that you will succeed. 我确信你一定会成功。 I’m not certain whether she will go with us. 我没把握她会不会跟我们去。 Make certain of his safe arrival. 要确保他安全到达。 1 compare v. 比较，对照 [基本构词]comparison n. 比较，对照 [短语搭配] compare sth to sth 把……和……比较；把……比拟为…… compare sth with sth 把……和……比较 compare with sth 匹敌（常否定） (When)compared with/to 与…相比（作状语）make a comparison with 与……比较 in comparison with 较之…… [典型例句] He began to compare himself with the other students. 他开始拿自己和其他同学相比。 Young people are compared to the rising sun. 年轻人被比作正在升起的太阳。 My works don’t compare with yours. 我的作品没法和你的相比。 When compared with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesn’t seem big. 与整个地球相比，最大的海洋也不那么大了。 2 pick v. 拾起; 采集；挑选 [短语搭配] pick up 拾起; 收拾; 学到; 获得; 收听; 用车来接 pick flowers 摘花 pick one’s pocket 扒钱 pick out 挑选出; 拣出; 辨认出 [典型例句] We would pick the right person for the work. 我们将为这项工作挑选合适的人选。 Shall I pick you up at the station? 要我去火车站接你吗？ He picked up French when he was in France. 他在法国期间学会了法语。 Can you pick out the man in the crowd? 你能在人群中认出那个人吗？ 3 manage v. 管理；设法对付 [基本构词] manager n. 经理 management n. 管理；经营 [短语搭配] manage to do sth 设法做成某事 [典型例句] Do you suppose you can manage to get me a passport? 你认为你能给我弄到护照吗？ Your mother has a genius for managing such things. 你母亲有管理此类事情的才 [词语辨析] try to do sth 和 manage to do sth 的用法比较 ▲ try to do sth 指试图做某事，但不知是否成功。（过程） ▲ manage to do sth 指设法做成某事。（结果） The hunter tried to escape from the forest, but he lost his way. 猎人试图逃出森林，但他迷路了。 She managed to pass the driving test with my help. 在我的帮助下，她通过了驾驶考试。 4 curious a. 好奇的；奇异的 [基本构词] [短语搭配] curiously ad. 好奇地 curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心 be curious to do sth 好奇想做某事 be curious about 对……感到好奇 arouse / excite one’s curiosity 引起某人的好奇心 [典型例句] Children are naturally curious about everything around them. 小孩子会自然地对周围每一件事感到好奇。 I’m curious to know what they are talking about. 我很想知道他们在谈论什么。 That he left without saying goodbye aroused my curiosity. 他不辞而别引起我的好奇心。 5 present a. [′preznt]出席的，到场（做表语或后置定语）; 现在，目前（做前置定语） n. [′preznt]礼物，赠品; 目前，现在 v. [pri′zent]呈奉，奉送 [短语搭配] at present=at the present time 目前 for the present 目前，暂且 to the present 到目前 be present at 出席，到场 [典型例句] How many people were present at the meeting? 有多少人出席了会议？ In the present case, we can do nothing but wait. 在目前的情况下我们只能等候。 He is in Shanghai at present. 他现在在上海。 I can’t remember it for the present. 我暂时记不起来了。 I presented the letter of introduction to the manager. 我把介绍信交给了经理。 6 result n. 结果，效果 v. 结果，导致 [短语搭配] result in 造成某种结果，导致 result from 由于…...而产生，作为……的结果 as a result 因此 as a result of 因为…… without result (= in vain) 徒劳，毫无结果 [典型例句] The accident resulted in the death of two passengers. 车祸导致两名乘客死亡。 The illness will result in total blindness if (it is) left untreated. 如果不治疗的话，这病将导致完全失明。 Illness often results from eating too much.=Eating too much often results in illness. 疾病往往是因吃的太多而致。 We had to stay at home as a result of the heavy rain. 由于下很大的雨，我们只得呆在家里。 He tried to recall her name without result. 他试图想起她的名字，但没能想起。 1 certain a. （未指明真实名称的）某……；确定的，无疑的；一定会…… [基本构词] certainly ad. 当然；一定，无疑 certainty n. 确实; 必然 [短语搭配] be certain to do sth 必定会 for certain 确信 It’s certain that- 一定，肯定 [典型例句] A certain Mr. Jones called while you were out. 你不在的时候有一个琼斯先生打电话来了。 She is certain to come. 她一定会来。 I don’t know for certain when he will come. 我不确定他什么时候来。 It’s certain that the earth is round. 地球是圆的这一点是肯定的。 I’m certain of your success.=I’m certain that you will succeed. 我确信你一定会成功。 I’m not certain whether she will go with us. 我没把握她会不会跟我们去。 Make certain of his safe arrival. 要确保他安全到达。 2 compare v. 比较，对照 [基本构词]comparison n. 比较，对照 [短语搭配] compare sth to sth 把……和……比较；把……比拟为…… compare sth with sth 把……和……比较 compare with sth 匹敌（常否定） (When)compared with/to 与…相比（作状语） make a comparison with 与……比较 in comparison with 较之…… [典型例句] He began to compare himself with the other students. 他开始拿自己和其他同学相比。 Young people are compared to the rising sun. 年轻人被比作正在升起的太阳。 My works don’t compare with yours. 我的作品没法和你的相比。 When compared with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesn’t seem big. 与整个地球相比，最大的海洋也不那么大了。 3 pick v. 拾起; 采集；挑选 [短语搭配] pick up 拾起; 收拾; 学到; 获得; 收听; 用车来接 pick flowers 摘花 pick one’s pocket 扒钱 pick out 挑选出; 拣出; 辨认出 [典型例句] We would pick the right person for the work. 我们将为这项工作挑选合适的人选。 Shall I pick you up at the station? 要我去火车站接你吗？ He picked up French when he was in France. 他在法国期间学会了法语。 Can you pick out the man in the crowd? 你能在人群中认出那个人吗？ 4 manage v. 管理；设法对付 [基本构词] manager n. 经理 management n. 管理；经营 [短语搭配] manage to do sth 设法做成某事 [典型例句] Do you suppose you can manage to get me a passport? 你认为你能给我弄到护照吗？ Your mother has a genius for managing such things. 你母亲有管理此类事情的才 [词语辨析] try to do sth 和 manage to do sth 的用法比较 ▲ try to do sth 指试图做某事，但不知是否成功。（过程） ▲ manage to do sth 指设法做成某事。（结果） The hunter tried to escape from the forest, but he lost his way. 猎人试图逃出森林，但他迷路了。 She managed to pass the driving test with my help. 在我的帮助下，她通过了驾驶考试。 5 contain v. 包含，包括；能容纳[基本构词] [词语辨析] container n. 容器 include 和 contain 的用法比较 ▲include: 指在整体中能明确界定的几个部分，指某整体包含或容纳某部分。. The health club includes a gym, a swimming pool, and a locker room. 健身俱乐部包括体操房，游泳池和更衣室。 Our ten-day tour includes a visit to New York. 我们十天的旅行包括参观纽约。 ▲contain：指容器、空间里所有东西，侧重所含的量与成分。 The bowl contains a variety of fruits. 碗里装有各种水果。 This bottle contains two glasses of beer. 这个瓶子装了两杯啤洒。 注：include 常以 including（名词／代词前） included 或（名词／代词后）的形式出现在短语中，用来举 例，解释或补充说明。如： Many women were waiting to buy that kind of cloth, including my mother. Many women were waiting to buy that kind of cloth, my mother included. 6 follow v. 跟随；仿效；跟得上；遵守；继而来之 [基本构词]following a. 接着的；以下的 [短语搭配] follow one’s advice 听从某人的建议 follow one’s example 效仿某人 as follows 如下（通常作表语） the following 下列的 follow the rules 遵守规则 [典型例句] I knew the way, so I went first, and the others followed. 我熟悉路，所以由我带路，其他人跟着我走 His words (The rules) are as follows. 他的话(规则)如下。 I didn't quite follow; could you explain it again? 我不太明白，请再解释一遍好吗？ The following is a statement made by the government. 以下是政府所作做的一项声明。 There followed a moment of silence. 紧接着一阵沉默。 1 consider v. 考虑，细想；体谅，照顾 [基本构词] considerate a. 体贴的 considerable a. 相当多的，相当大的 consideration n. 考虑；关心 considering prep. & conj. 考虑到, 就……而言 [短语搭配] consider...(as/ to be)+名词/形容词 认为……是…… under consideration 在考虑中（表被动） take sth into consideration 考虑到某事，体谅 [典型例句] The headmaster is considering putting up another lab building in the school. 校长正考虑在学校里再建一幢实验楼 They considered how to help him out of the difficulty. 他们考虑如何帮助他克服困难? Do you consider that we can finish the project ahead of time? 你认为我们能提前完成这个项目吗? Tom is considered (as/to be)our best friend. 汤姆被认为是我们的最好朋友。 She is very active, considering her age. 就她的年龄而言，她是够活跃的。 2 advice n. 忠告，劝告，建议 [基本构词] advise v. 忠告，劝告 用法： advise doing sth 建议做某事 advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 advise that sb (should) do sth 建议某人做某事（宾语从句用虚拟语气） [短语搭配] give advice on 对……提出建议 take/follow/accept one’s advice 接受某人的建议 ask for advice 征求意见 [典型例句] He advised waiting till the proper time. 他建议等到适当时机才行动。 My teacher advises me to leave now. 老师建议我现在就离开。 We advise measures（should）be taken to stop pollution at once. 我们建议立即采取措施以阻止污染。 [词语辨析] advise 和 persuade 的用法比较 ▲advise 表示“劝说”。 ▲persuade 表示“说服”，其常用结构为 persuade sb to do sth 或 persuade sb into doing sth，表示“说服某 人做某事”，如果单纯表示“劝说”的动作，常用 advise 或 try to persuade， 如： He persuaded me to do that in the end. =He persuaded me into doing that in the end. 他最后说服了我去做那件事。 I advised/tried to persuade her to start early, but she wouldn’t listen. 我劝她早点动身，可她就是不听。 3 contain v. 包含，包括；能容纳[基本构词] [词语辨析] container n. 容器 include 和 contain 的用法比较 ▲include: 指在整体中能明确界定的几个部分，指某整体包含或容纳某部分。. The health club includes a gym, a swimming pool, and a locker room. 健身俱乐部包括体操房，游泳池和更衣室。 Our ten-day tour includes a visit to New York. 我们十天的旅行包括参观纽约。 ▲contain：指容器、空间里所有东西，侧重所含的量与成分。 The bowl contains a variety of fruits. 碗里装有各种水果。 This bottle contains two glasses of beer. 这个瓶子装了两杯啤洒。 注：include 常以 including（名词／代词前） included 或（名词／代词后）的形式出现在短语中，用来举 例，解释或补充说明。如： Many women were waiting to buy that kind of cloth, including my mother. Many women were waiting to buy that kind of cloth, my mother included. 4 follow v. 跟随；仿效；跟得上；遵守；继而来之 [基本构词]following a. 接着的；以下的 [短语搭配] follow one’s advice 听从某人的建议 follow one’s example 效仿某人 as follows 如下（通常作表语） the following 下列的 follow the rules 遵守规则 [典型例句] I knew the way, so I went first, and the others followed. 我熟悉路，所以由我带路，其他人跟着我走 His words (The rules) are as follows. 他的话(规则)如下。 I didn't quite follow; could you explain it again? 我不太明白，请再解释一遍好吗？ The following is a statement made by the government. 以下是政府所作做的一项声明。 There followed a moment of silence. 紧接着一阵沉默。 5 consider v. 考虑，细想；体谅，照顾 [基本构词] considerate a. 体贴的 considerable a. 相当多的，相当大的 consideration n. 考虑；关心 considering prep. & conj. 考虑到, 就……而言 [短语搭配] consider...(as/ to be)+名词/形容词 认为……是…… under consideration 在考虑中（表被动） take sth into consideration 考虑到某事，体谅 [典型例句] The headmaster is considering putting up another lab building in the school. 校长正考虑在学校里再建一幢实验楼 They considered how to help him out of the difficulty. 他们考虑如何帮助他克服困难? Do you consider that we can finish the project ahead of time? 你认为我们能提前完成这个项目吗? Tom is considered (as/to be)our best friend. 汤姆被认为是我们的最好朋友。 She is very active, considering her age. 就她的年龄而言，她是够活跃的。 1 advice n. 忠告，劝告，建议 [基本构词] advise v. 忠告，劝告 用法： advise doing sth 建议做某事 advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 advise that sb (should) do sth 建议某人做某事（宾语从句用虚拟语气） [短语搭配] give advice on 对……提出建议 take/follow/accept one’s advice 接受某人的建议 ask for advice 征求意见 [典型例句] He advised waiting till the proper time. 他建议等到适当时机才行动。 My teacher advises me to leave now. 老师建议我现在就离开。 We advise measures（should）be taken to stop pollution at once. 我们建议立即采取措施以阻止污染。 [词语辨析] advise 和 persuade 的用法比较 ▲advise 表示“劝说”。 ▲persuade 表示“说服”，其常用结构为 persuade sb to do sth 或 persuade sb into doing sth，表示“说服某 人做某事”，如果单纯表示“劝说”的动作，常用 advise 或 try to persuade， 如： He persuaded me to do that in the end. =He persuaded me into doing that in the end. 他最后说服了我去做那件事。 I advised/tried to persuade her to start early, but she wouldn’t listen. 我劝她早点动身，可她就是不听。 2 impress vt. 留下极深的印象 [基本构词] impression n. 印象，感觉 impressive adj.予人深刻印象的;感人的；令人钦佩的 [短语搭配] be impressed by/at/with 被……深深打动/感动 impress sth on/upon sb =impress sb with sth 使某人将某事物铭记在心 impress sth in/on one's memory 使某事铭记在某人心中 [典型例句] The book impressed a lot of people. 这本书在很多人心中留下深刻印象。 I was deeply impressed by his speech. 他的演讲给我留下深刻印象。 My father impressed on me the value of hard work. 我父亲让我铭记勤劳的价值。 I impressed on him the importance of his work.=I impressed him with the importance of his work. 我向他强调了他的工作的重要性。 3 besides prep. 除……以外（还有） [典型例句]ad. 还有，此外（一般用于句子之前） Besides literature, we have to study history and philosophy. 除了文学，我们还得学历史和哲学。 It's too late to go to the football match now; besides, it's beginning to snow. 现在去看足球比赛已经太晚了，何况，又开始下雪了。 [词语辨析] ▲ besides 与 beside 的区别 作介词时，两词词义有别。beside 意为"在......旁边"。besides 还可作 副词，但 beside 只做介词。 I'd like to sit beside you, you know. 你知道，我愿意坐在你旁边。 Besides knowing some Greek， she was fluent in Italian. 她除了懂些希腊语之外,意大利语也说得很流利。 ▲ besides 与 except、but 以及 except for 的区别 1） besides 意为“除......之外”(包括后者在内)，通常与 other，also 等词连用。 What other languages do you know besides English? 除了英语之外，你还懂什么语言? Besides being wrong, your proposed action is also unwise. 你所建议的行动不仅是错误的，而且是很不明智的。 2） except 意为“除......之外”(不包括后者在内) They all went to sleep except the young Frenchman. 除那个年轻的法国人外，他们都睡着了。 注：在否定句中，当表达“不包括后者在内”时，也可用 besides。 No one passed except / besides Richard. 除了理查德外，谁也没有考及格。 此外，except 后可接从句作宾语，也可接不定式作宾语。当其前的动词是实义动词 do 及其变化形式时， 不定式常省去 to。 3） but 与 except 同义，表示排除，但 but 多用在 every，any，no 等和由这些词构成的复合词 如 everything，anywhere，nobody 等词以后及 all，none 之后。 Everybody was invited to the evening party but/except me. 除我之外，所有人都被邀请参加那次晚会。 Yesterday evening, I had nothing to do but/except watch TV. 昨晚除了看电视,我无事可做。 4） except for 意为“除去......之外；只是”，表示对一个人或事物先作一个总体评价，然后就其局部提出 一点看法，所排除的不是同一范畴的东西。 Your composition is quite good except for a few spelling mistakes. 除了有几个拼写错误外，你的文章写得很好。 ▲ besides 与 apart from 的区别 与 besides 不同之处，apart from 既可表示“排除；例外”的含义(相当于 except)，也可以表示“包括； 补充”的含义(相当于 besides)。 The children hardly see anyone apart from their parents. 除了他们的父母，孩子们很少看见其他人。 Apart from being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill. 除了是有趣和很好的身体锻炼之外，游泳还是一个很有用的技能。 4 announce vt. 宣布，宣告 [基本构词] announcement n. 通告，通知 make an announcement 通告，通知 announcer n. 播音员 [词语辨析] ▲ announce 更接近于汉语“公布”、“告知”的意思，它所涉及的是一件对方原来不知道的事，后接名词 或代词或 that 宾语从句，如： The accident was announced to his family by telephone. 已将事故用电话告诉了他的家属。 ▲ declare 含有庄严宣告或交代清楚的意思，它所涉及的事不一定是对方所不知道的，除接名词、代词和 that 宾语从句以外，还可接复合宾语等结构。如： The accused declared himself to be innocent. 被告宣称自己无罪。 Soon Germany declared war on France. 不久德国对法宣战。 以上各句中的 announce 与 declare 不可互换。但有时两个词用在同一句中都说得通。 如： The committee announced/declared the results of the experiment. 委员会宣布了实验的结果。 简单地说，同样表示"宣布"的意思，announce 用法较为普遍，declare 只用于正式场合。但有时会有大词 小用的情况，即英语里的夸张修辞，这时用 declare 可代替 announce。 5 therefore ad. 因此，所以 [词语辨析] therefore 和 so 的用法比较 ▲ therefore 在英语中比 so 更正式化，多用于书面语，是副词，表示“因此，所以”，如： He has never studied English before, and therefore we should give him more help. 他以前从来没有学过英语，因此我们应该给他更多帮助。 ▲ so 是连词，通常用于口语中比较随便的场合，表示“因而，所以”。如： He has never studied English before, so we should give him more help. 他以前从来没有学过英语，所以我们应该给他更多的帮助。 6 force vt. 强迫，迫使 n. 力量 [短语搭配] force sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事 [典型例句] The porter had to force the window open. 门房只好用力硬把窗户打开。 Don’t force your child to play the piano if he doesn’t want to. 如果你小孩不想弹钢琴就不要强迫她。 [词语辨析] force, power, energy 和 strength 的用法比较 ▲ force 多指外力，如武力，暴力，魄力, 势力，用于复数表示军队。如： The Qing Dynasty was finally overthrown by the people by force. 清朝政府最终被人们用武力推翻了。 Our forces have at last defeated the enemy. 我们的军队最终战胜了敌人。 ▲ power 多指势力、能力、本事；也可指功率、动力、电力等。如： The manager in the company has special power to deal with urgent affairs alone. 这家公司的经理有特权独自处理紧急事务。 Nowadays, many people in the world are opposed to the use of nuclear power. 如今，世界上许多人反对使用核能。 ▲ energy 主要指精力，能量，多指自然能量，如 natural gas, wind, solar 等。如: After their holidays, these students are full of energy to deal with their studies. 放假回来后，学生们精力充沛地应对学习任务。 ▲ strength 主要指力量，强度，尤指身体、精神或道德上的坚强力量或活力，如反抗力、意志力、忍耐性 等。如 His granny was badly ill that she didn’t even have the strength to stand up. 他的奶奶病得厉害，她连站起来的力气都没有。 高中英语知识点解析【必修 1-必修 5】 1. used to…后接动词原形，表示过去常常做某事而现在不做了。be used to …后接动词原形，表示被用 于做某事。be used to …后接动名词，表示习惯于做某事。 2. onupon 是介词，后介动名词。 3. take ,cost ，pay ,spend 这四个单词都有花费的意思，但其用法不同。Take 一般主语是物，句形为 It takes sb sometime to do sth 表示做某事花费某人多少时间，其主语是动词不定形式，It 是形式主语。Cost 其主语 是物，pay 其主语是人。spend 其主语是人，一般句形为 spend…on doing sth 表示做某事花费某人多少时间。 4. explain sth to sb 表示向某人解释某事。 5. go off 离开，消失，变质。go over 仔细检查，复习。 go away 离开，停止。go out 灯熄灭，终止。 6. advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事。Forbid sb to do sth 阻止某人做某事。Inist on doing sth 坚持做某事。 7. in charge of 负责干某事，in the charge of 由某人负责。 8. suggest 意为建议时，其后跟从句时用虚拟语气，suggest that…shoud do sth. 9. not only…but also 是一个连词，其意思是不但…而且，连接俩个并列的成分，例如：他不但是我们的 老师而且是我们的朋友 He is not only our teacher but also our friend . 10. last 该单词有两种词性，做动词表示持续时间长短，做形容词表示上一个的意思，例如 last year 去年， last week 上周. 11. recover from 其 意思是从…中恢复过来。In the long time 从长远角度的看。Be supposed to do sth 意思 是假设做某事。Consider 后接 doing 形式。 12. search sb for sth 为了某物搜查某人。 rule out 排除。Make progress 取得进步 progress 是不可数名词， 没有复数形式不能加 ses。 13. how offen 是对频率的提问例如 twice a week 一周俩次，once a month 一月一次，how long 是对时间长 短的提问，而回答 how long 用 for+ 一段时间。How soon 多久对 in+ 一段时间的提问。 14. in case 做副词用时放在句末，其意思是以防万一，免得。Job interview 面试。Whatever the cost is 无 论价钱是多少。As well as 和…一样好,as…as 和什么一样，要注意中间用原级。 15. be surrounded withby…被…包围。Result from…产生于…，由…引起。Set sail for 启程去。Pay off 实 现，成功。Live one’s dream 实现梦想。Get married 结婚这一动作发生在过去用一般过去式，不能用完成 式。Compared with…与…相比较。A great deal of+不可数名词表示大量的…。 16. forgiveness 原谅。Filled with 装满表示主动。Be Filled with 被装满表示被动。Cant help doing sth 忍不 住做某事。Make the most of 充分利用。Star at 凝视。Make sense 讲的通，有意义。Manage to do sth 设法 做成某事。Glace at 粗略的看一下，扫视. 17. Have great influence on 对…有巨大的影响.in return 做为回报 take over 接管。Together with 连接两个名 词时谓语动词由前面的名词决定，prevent sb from doing sth 阻止…做某事。Stop sb from doing sth 阻止…做 某事.Just in case 以防万一. 18. share …with 与某人分享、 be intened for 专为…而准备，后接名词 、persuade sb. to do sth 说服某 人做某事、 come from = be from 来自；出自、 theories of science 科学的理论 、to develop a business 发 展业务；研制；开发 、 19. can 表示“能够”的用法；be able to 表示在特定的环境下，克服困难终于能够做某事； should 在这 里表示“按理应该”。 20. get through 表示“用完，通过”的意思；get over 克服，从....中恢复过来；get across 被…理解，越 过，度过；get together 聚集；look out 表示 “担心”；come across 表示“偶然遇见”；put up 表示“搭起， 建起”。 21. regret doing sth 后悔做过某事；mean to do sth 打算，存心做某事；means doing 意味着…; forget to do sth 忘记要做某事；forget doing 忘记做过了某事；apologize to sb .for sth. 因某事向某人道歉。 22. hesitate to do sth 犹豫做某事；discourage sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人去做某事；urge sb.to do sth 迫使 某人做某事；have sb. doing 让某人一直做某事。 23. find out 查明（真相等），发现；pick out 精选，挑选；look out 留神，照料；speak out 大声说出来， 大胆地说。 24. come to 达成，苏醒；come across 偶然遇到；come about 发生；come out 出版 25. the majority of 大多数，后接复数名词时谓语动词用复数；in favor of 赞成；in nedd of 需要；in praise of 赞扬；in honor of 纪念； 26. be worth + doing ，主动形式表示被动的含义；go out for a walk “去散步”；nature 指“自然”时通 常不加 the ； 27. 穿：wear 表示状态， put on 表示动作， have on 穿着， dress 后常接表示人的名词做宾语。 28. be strict with sb . 意为“对某人要求严格”；be strict in sth 其意思为“对某项工作要求严格”.make sb . happy 意为“使某人高兴”；make sb+ 省略 to 的动词不定式，其意思为“让某人做某事”。 29. 当出现 no，nothing，nobody 等一系列否定词时，只能用 almost 不能用 nearly。 30. tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于某事。Fall for 上…当；受…的骗。Make way for 为…开路。 31. put forward 提出要求，报告等； put on 上演，穿上； put away 把…收起；put out 伸出，熄灭； 32. take part in 和 join 区别，两个都有“参加”的意思，但 take part in 表示参加某一种活动；join 表示加 入某一组织，成为其中的一个成员，构成短语 Join in 参加，Join sb in sth 固定短语。 33. so+助动词系动词情态动词+ 另外一个人或物，表示一种情况也适合于另一个人或物，例如；He gets up at six every moring ,so does Tom. 34. not…until 直到…才，要注意前一个句子用否定，例如；he didn’t go to bed until his farther came back last night . 35. keep fit 保持健康；健身 keep healthy 保持健康. 36. for fear that 后接从句，表示害怕，当心某事.It’s likely that 有可能做某事。Avoid doing sth 避免做某事。 Even if 即使。Make up for 弥补. Make up 编造。 高中英语重要句型复习资料 1.According to…依照/根据……. 2.Am I allowed to…我可以……吗 3. As matter of fact,…实际上……,……. 4.As far as I'm concerned/…就我而言,……. 5.As far as I know,...据我所知,……. 6.As I just mentioned...正如我刚才提到过的,……. 7. As I see it,…在我看来,……. 8. As is known to us all, ... 众所周知,…… 9. As long as...只要…. 10.But for...若不是因为……./如果没有……. 11.Can you believe (that)... 你相信……吗 12.Can you imagine... 你能想像……吗 13.Could you please explain... 你能解释一下……吗 14.Can't we... 难道我们不能……吗 15. Could you do me a favor and... 能否请你帮我一个忙… 16.Do you by any chance know... 你(碰巧)知道……吗 17. Do you enjoy doing... 你喜欢做……吗 18. Do you happen to know... 你(碰巧)知道……吗 19. Do you have any good ways to... 你有没有……的好办法 20. Did you know (that)... 你知道……吗 21. Do you know if /whether... 你知道是否…… 22. Do/ Would you mind doing... 你介意做……吗 23. Do/ Would you mind if... 如果……你是否介意 24. Do you realize (that)... 你有没有意识到…… 25. Do you think it is possible to... 你认为……可能吗 26. Do you think it necessary to... 你认为有必要……吗 27. ...doesn't make sense. 没有道理/没有意义/不清楚 28. Don't be afraid of... 不要害怕……. 29. Don't take it for granted that... 别认为……理所当然. 30. Don't waste time doing... 不要浪费时间做……. [ authentic adj. 真正的;可信的] 31. Don't you think that... 难道你不认为……吗 32. Excuse me for... 请原谅我……. [ urgent n. 紧急的;急迫的] 33. For one thing,... For another,... 一方面……;另一方面……. 34. From my point of view,... 在我看来,…… 35. From where I stand,... 从我的立场来说,……. 36. Generally speaking,... 总的来说,……. 37. Hardly...when... 一……就……. [倒装句型] 38. Have you considered doing... 你有没有考虑过做…… 39. Have you decided... 你决定好……了吗 40. Have you ever been to... 你曾经去过……吗 41. Have you thought about/of ... 你有没有想过…… 42. Haven't you heard of ... 难道你没听说过……吗 43. How are you getting on / along with... ……进展如何/与……相处如何 44. How are you going to... 你打算如何…… 45. How does...sound ……(听起来)怎么样 46. How long will it take you to... ……要用多长时间 47. How should I... 我该如何…… 48. I absolutely agree with... …我完全同意……. 49. I'm grateful for... 我对……特别感激. [timely adj.及时的] 50. I am planning to... …我打算……. 51. I am very pleased to have this opportunity to... 我很高兴有机会……. 52. I apologize for... 我为……道歉. 53. I believe (that)... …我相信……. 54. I believe we should... 我认为我们应该……. 55. I can't imagine... 我无法想像……. 56. I can't stand it when... 我无法忍受……. 57.I didn't expect to...我没想到……. 58. I didn't mean to... 我不是有意……. [offend n.冒犯;得罪] 59. I didn't realize... 我不知道…….俄没意识到……. 60. I (don't) feel like... 我(不)想……. 61 . I don't get very excited about... 我对……不怎么感兴趣. 62. I don't know how to... 我不知道如何……. 63. I don't see (that)... 我看不出…….我认为……不……. 64. I don't think it is necessary to... 我认为没有必要……. 65. I don't think it's right to... 我认为……是不对的. 66. I doubt that /if /whether... 我怀疑哦不相信……. 67.I dream of... 我梦想……. 68. I'm dying to... 我渴望…….俄盼望……. 69. I feel very honored to... 我觉得很荣幸……. 70. I'm fed up with... 我厌倦了…….我受够了……. 71. I'm sick and tired of... 我对……感到厌烦. [routine n.日常事物;常规] 72. I find it hard for me to... 我发现……对我来说很难. 73. I hate to disagree with you, but... 我不想跟你有不同意见,但是……. [impractical adj.不切实际的] 74.I have confidence in... 我相信…….俄对……有信心. 75. I have nothing to do with... 我与……无关. 76. I have no experience in... 我在……方面没有经验. 77. I haven't (done)... for a long time. 我很久没有……了. 78. I insist that... 我坚决要求……. [宾语从句使用虚拟语气]│ 79. I insist on (doing)...…我坚持……. 80. I intend to...…我打算……. 81. I like nothing better than... 我喜欢……胜过任何东西.俄最喜欢……. 82. I never dreamed of...…我从未想过……. [coincidence n.巧合;凑巧] 83. I prefer... to...…我喜欢……甚于……. 84. I prefer to... rather than...我宁愿…...而不愿.…". 85. I really want to know... 我真的很想知道……. 86. I set my mind to do sth. / on sth.我下定决心……. 87. I sincerely hope that...我真诚地希望……. 88. I strongly advise you to... 我强烈建议你……. 89. I suggest (that)... 我建议……. [宾语从句使用虚拟语气 1 90. I think this is a good chance for you to... 我认为这是你…;—的一个好机会. 91. I think it is a good idea to... 我认为……是个好主意. 92. I think it is a waste of money / time doing... 我觉得……是浪费树时间. 93 .I think it's wrong to...我认为……是不对的. [impose v. 强加;利用] 94. I think that it is impossible to... 我觉得……是不可能的. 95. I think you might like to...我想你可能会喜,灯想……. 96. I think you'd better... 我觉得你最好……. 97. I want to express my gratitude to... 我要感谢……. 98. I was impressed by... 我被……打动了./……给我留下深刻印象. 99. 1 wonder / was wondering if... 我想知道…….我在想是否……. 100. I demanded (that)...我要求……. [宾语从句虚拟语气] 101. I won't...unless... 除非……否则我不会……. 102. I used to... 我过去常常……. 103. I would advise you to... 我会建议你……. 104. I would appreciate it if... 如果……,我会非常感激. 105. I would like to recommend... 我想推荐……. [cuisine n. 烹饪;烹调风格] 106. I would like to... rather than... 我宁愿……也不……. 107. I would rather...than... 我宁愿……,而不愿……. 108. I wouldn't feel happy if... 如果……我会不高兴的. 109. I'd be happy to..., if you'd like. 如果你愿意,我很高兴……. 110. I'd like to know more about... 我想了解更多关于……. 111. I'd like to suggest you do... 我想建议你……. 112. I'd like /love to, but... 我很想,但……. I'd love to, but I'm afraid I'm otherwise engaged. 我很想,但恐怕我已经另有安排了. [ 拒绝别人邀请的经典句型.] 113. I'm (not) certain... 我(不)确定……. 114. I'm afraid I won't be able to... 恐怕我不能……. 115. I'm busy with (doing)... 我正忙于……. 116. I'm considering (doing)... 我正考虑……. 117. I'm convinced that... 我确信……. 118. I'm curious to (do)/about... 我对(做)……很好奇. 119. I'm determined to...我决定……. 120. I'm getting a little concerned about... 我对……有点担忧. 121. I'm interested in...我对……感兴趣. 122. I'm (just) calling to... 我打电话来是要……. 123. I'm (not) sure... 我(不是)很确定……. 124. I'm not very interested in... 我对……不是很感兴趣. 125. I'm occupied (with)... 我忙于……. 126. I'm really fond of... 我的确喜欢……. 127. I'm really / terribly / extremely sorry for... 我对……感到非常抱歉. I28. I've been thinking about... 我一直想……. 129. I have a desire to... 我非常渴望……. 130. I've decided to... 我已经决定……. 131. If I did..., I would... 如果我……,我会……. 132. If I had done..., I would have done... 如果我……,我就会……. 133. If I were you... I would... 如果我是你……,我就会……. 134. If only...! 真希望……!若是……那该多好啊! 135. If it is possible, ... 可能的话……. 136. If you ask me, I think... 如果你问我,我认为……. 137. If you want to..., you'll have to... 如果你想……,你将不得不……. 138. In a word... 总之,… 139. In brief/short, ...,简言之,……. [bondage n.束缚;奴役] 140. In conclusion, ...最后,…….聪之,……. 141. In general, ... -—般而言,……. 142. In my opinion /view, ... 我认为……. [abandon..放弃;遗弃] 143. In order to..., you should... 为了..…•,你应该..…. 144. In other words, ... 换句话说,……. 145. In that case,… 既然那样,……. │ 146. ...is of great importance. ......很重要. │ 147. Is it convenient for you to... 你是否方便…… 148. Is it OK if… 如果……可以吗 149. Is it possible to... …有可能吗 150. Is there a better way to... ……有没有更好的方法 151. Is there any chance you could possibly... 你有没有可能…… 152. Is there anything else that... 还有别的……吗 153. It appears that... 看来…,/ 似乎… 154. It depends on whether... 这取决于……是否……. 155. It doesn't make sense to...…没有任何意义. 156. It doesn't matter whether /if... 如果……也没关系. 157. It goes without saying that... 理应如此/不言而喻. 158. It makes a / no difference (to sb.) ... (对某人来说)……很重要/无所谓. 159. It occurred to me that... ……浮现于我的脑中.俄想起……. 160. It won't do any harm to... 没有坏处. 161. It would be wonderful if... 要是……那就太好了. 162. It happened that...……很偶然. [ lottery n. 彩票;奖券] 163. It helps if ... 如果……的话,将会(对某人)有帮助/好处. 164. It's amazing (that) ...……很了不起. 165. It is/was...that/who... [强调句句型] 166. It is bad to....……是不好的. 167. It's hard to imagine...…很难想像……. 168. It is believed that...…人们认为……. 169. It didn't /won't take long before... 没多久坏需要多久……就……. 170. It is easier to... than to.......比.....容易. 171. It is easy enough to...……相当容易. 172.It is essential that... 有必要……. [主语从句使用虚拟语气] 173. It is good manners to do...……是有礼貌的表现. 174. It is high time ... 现在是……的时候了./早就应该……了. [从句使用虚拟语气] 175. It is hoped that... 希望……. 176. It is important that... ……是很重要的. [主语从句使用虚拟语气] 177. It's long been my dream to...……一直是我的梦想. 178. It is (very /not) likely that... (很/没)有可能……. 179. It is (not) necessary to...……是(没)有必要的. 180. It is no use doing sth. 做某事是毫无用处的. 181. It is not unusual for sb. to do... 某人做……不足为奇. 182. It is possible /impossible to...……是(不)可能的. 1 83. It is dangerous to......危险. 184. It is (rather) common to do... ……(相当)普遍. 185. It is reported that...据说……./据报导……. 186. lt is required that... 要求……. [主语从句使用虚拟语气 l 187. It is said that... 据说……. 188. It is thought that... 人们认为……. 189. It is (not) true that... ……(不)是真的. 190. It is (very) difficult to...……(非常)困难. 191. It is really a challenge for me to...……对我来说确实是一个挑战.  It is (very) useful to...……很有用. 193. It is/ was obvious/clear that... 很明显……. 194. It seems / seemed that... 好像…….似乎……. 195. It sounds like ...…听起来好像……. 196. It takes / took / will take sb. some time / money to do sth. 某人花/花了/将花多长时间/多少钱做某事. 197. It wasn't until…that... 直到……才……. 198.It would be wonderful if... 如果……那就太好了. 199. It's not /just like sb. to do sth.……的行为不/正像某人的一贯作风. 200. lt's a bad habit to...……是一个坏习惯. 201. It's a great pleasure to...……(感到)非常愉快. 202. It's customary to...…是习惯. 203. It's delightful to...……令人很高兴. 204.lt's my great honor to...……是我莫大的荣幸. 205. It's (not) good to...……(不)好. 206. It's our duty to... ……是我们的责任. 207. It's wrong to...……是不对的. 208. It's a shame / pity that... 可惜/遗憾……. 209. It is (really) unbelievable that...……(真)让人难以置信. 210. It is /will be difficult to...……(会)很难. 211. It'll do you good to...……对你有好处. 212. Last but not least, ...…最后但同样重要的是……. Last but not least, I'd love to thank all my teachers and friends. 最后但同样重要的是,我要感谢我所有的老师和朋友. [经典演讲句型] 213. Let me explain why...…让我解释为什么……. 214. Let me fill you in on... 让我来告诉你……. 215. (Just) let me know if... 如果……,请告诉我. 216. Let me see if... 让我看看是否……. 217. Make sure to do sth.—定要做某事. 218. Maybe it's better to... 可能……会更好一些. 219. ... means a great deal to me.……对我意义重大. 220. My dream / goal / hope / plan is... 我的梦想/目标/希望所划是……. 221. My point of view is that... 我的观点是……. 222. no matter what... …无论什么……. 223. no one can deny that... 没有人能够否认……. 224. no sooner...than... 一……就……. [倒装句型] 225. no words can express... 语言难以表达……./……难以言表. 226. Not until...did... 直到……才……. [倒装句型] 227. Now that...,…既然/由于……,……. 228. On the condition that... …条件是……. 229. On the contrary, ... 正好相反,……. 230. On (the) one hand..., on the other (hand), ... 一方面……,另一方面……. 231. One of the +形容词最高级+名词+is… 最……之一的就是…… 232. Personally, I think / believe / feel... 我个人认为/相信/感觉……. 233. Please don't hesitate to... 请随时……. 234. Please feel free to... …请随时……. 235. Please forgive me for... …请原谅我……. 236. Please give my best wishes to...…请代我问候……. 237. Recent studies show that... 最近研究表明……. 238. Sb. can do nothing but do... 除了做……,某人什么也做不了. 239. Sb. have / has / had no choice but to do... 某人除了做……别无选择. 240. Sb. look(s) as if... 某人看上去好像……. 241. Something must be done to...…必须采取措施……. 242. Sorry to bother you, but... …很抱歉打扰你,可是……. 243. Thanks to... 由于…/多亏…. 244. The point is... 重点/关键是……. 245. The problem / question is that / whether... 问题是……. [ perseverance n.坚持;坚定不移] [坚持创造辉煌!] 247. The secret of...is to... ...的秘诀是....... 248. The way I see it, ..…我的看法是……. 249. This was the moment when...…就是那个时候……. 250. That reminds me, ... 那提醒了我……./那让我想起了……. 高考英语复习资料（二） 第一份资料 完型填空技巧 做完形填空题应从哪些方面入手？ 1.首先要以很快的速度浏览全文，掌握文章的主旨，不要急于看 选项。浏览全文时要重点了解文中所叙述的人物、时间、地点、 事件，即 who，when，where，what。 完形填空 命题的原则一般是第一句话不挖空，目的是使读者进入语境，因 此一定要认真阅读这句话。例如：Why is a space left between the rails of a railway line where one piece joins the next? 这句话从铁轨之间的缝隙引出了问题。根据常识，文中内容应与 热涨冷缩的物理现象有关。 2.根据故事情节的发展选词，确定所填的词与文中哪个词有关系 以及动作是在什么场合发生的。 3.试填之后将所选定的词放到文章中复读检查。(“字面译、通 逻辑、搞代入、全文译”) 具体操作中应注意的问题 1.看清上下文，找准定位词 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或 句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。例如： 1)Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some ＿＿＿＿＿. A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous 根据转折连词 but 的提示，所填入的词应与 shallow 相反，因此 答案为 A。 2)Mrs O’Neill asked＿＿＿＿＿ scold us either. A. no B. certain C. many D. more and 是一个并列连词；either 为副词，用在否定句或否定词后加 强语势，由此可以确定所填的词也应是一个否定意义的词，因此 答案是 A。 2.通顺逻辑，寻求搭配 注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以 及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例 如： Here’s a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himself＿＿＿＿＿so much money. A. for B. by C. to D. of 表示“自取，随便拿”这个意义的短语是 故答案为 C。 3.扎实基础，搞清辨异 Soon I heard a＿＿＿＿＿ then a climb of feet. A. sound B. cry C. voice D. shout 选项中的四个词都表示不同的声音，但 B，C，D 项的三个词都是 指从嗓子里发出的声音，而 sound 则表示各种各样的声音。因此 答案是 A。 4.看清执行者，确定所选词 And video cameras can be used to＿＿＿＿＿people’s actions at home. A. keep B. make C. record D. watch 句中动作的发出者是 因此答案是 C，意思是“记 录”。 5.寻求上下逻辑，从容确定关系 ＿＿ ＿＿＿I still remember something that happened during that visit. A. and B. for C. but D. as 根据句前的 many years 和句后的 still remember 答案应选表示 转折的连词 but. 6.了解生活常识，确定相关知识 rushed to the＿＿＿＿＿hospital. A. animal B. biggestC. plant D. nearest 在这样的紧急情况下，人们的第一个反应是到最近的医院就医， 因此答案为 D。 第二份资料 英语作文高分秘诀 一、名人名言必背部分。 在英语作文中，我们经常会引用一些名人名言。这里就向大家介 绍一些，务必要全部脱口而出！ Culture 文化篇 1.A great poem is a fountain forever overflowing with the waters of wisdom and delight.(P. B. Shelley , British poet ) 伟大的诗篇即是永远喷出智慧和欢欣之水的喷泉。(英国诗人 雪 莱. P. B) 2.Art is a lie that tells the truth .( Picasso , Spanish painter )美术是揭示真理的谎言。 (西班牙画家 毕加索) 3.Humor has been well defined as thinking in fun while feeling in earnest. (Mark Twain , American novelist )幽 默被人正确地解释为"以诚挚表达感受，寓深思于嬉笑"。(美国 小说家 马克·吐温) 4.The decline of literature indicates the decline of a nation; the two keep in their downward tendency.( Johan Wolfgang von Goethe , German poet )文学的衰落表明一个民 族的衰落。这两者走下坡路的时间是齐头并进的。(德国诗人 歌 德 . J . W .) 5.When one loves one's art no service seems too hard .(O. Henry, American novelist)一旦热爱艺术，什么奉献也不难。 (美国小说家 欧·亨利) Education 教育篇 6.And gladly would learn , and gladly teach .( Chaucer , British poet)勤于学习的人才能乐意施教。(英国诗人, 乔叟) 7.Better be unborn than untaught , for ignorance is the root of misfortune.(Plato , Ancient Greek philosopher)与其不 受教育,不如不生,因为无知是不幸的根源.(古希腊哲学家 柏拉 图) Friendship 友谊篇 8. Some friends come and go like a season. Others are arranged in our lives for good reason.(Sharita Gadison) 一些朋友随季节离去，而另外一些则伴我们度过美好的季节。 9.A true friend is someone you can disagree with and still remain friends. For if not, they weren't true friends in the first place.(Sandy Ratliff)真朋友是可以与你有不同见 解的，如果不是，首先就不是真朋友。 10.True friendship is felt, not said.(Mariecris Madayag) 朋友是说不出的感觉。 11.Friends are like stars,you don't always see them, but you know they're always there.(Hulali Luta)朋友是感觉不 到的存在。 12.Memories last forever, never do they die. Friends stay together, never say goodbye.(Melina Campos)记忆永不死， 朋友永不说再见。 Health 健康篇 13.light heart lives long.( William Shakespeare , British dramatist )豁达者长寿(英国剧作家 莎士比亚. W.) 14.Early to bed and early to rise , makes a man healthy , wealthy and wise.(Benjamin Franklin , American president ) 早睡早起会使人健康、富有和聪明。 (美国总统 富兰克林. B.) 15.The first wealth is health .( Ralph Waldo Emerson , American thinker )健康是人生第一财富。 (美国思想家 爱默 生. R. W.) Happiness 幸福篇 16.A lifetime of happiness! No man alive could bear it; it would be hell on earth. (G. Bernard Shaw, British dramatist) 终身幸福！这是任何活着的人都无法忍受的，那将是人间地狱。 (英国剧作家肖伯纳. G.) 17.Happiness is form courage .(H. Jackson, British writer) 幸福是勇气的一种形式。 (英国作家 杰克逊. H.) 18.Happiness lies not in the mere possession of money ; it lies in the joy of achievement , in the thrill of creative effort .(Franklin Roosevelt ,American president )幸福不 在于拥有金钱，而在于获得成就时的喜悦以及产生创造力的激 情。(美国总统 罗斯福. F.) 19.Most folks are about as happy as they make up their minds to be .(Abraham Lincoln ,American president )对于大多数 人来说，他们认定自己有多幸福，就有多幸福。(美国总统 林肯. A.) 20.The supreme happiness of life is the conviction that we are loved .(Victor Hugo , French novelist )生活中最大的 幸福是坚信有人爱我们。( 法国小说家 雨果. V .) 21.We have no more right to consume happiness without producing it than to consume wealth without producing it . (George Bernard Shaw , British dramatist)正像我们无权只 享受财富而不创造财富一样，我们也无权只享受幸福而不创造幸 福.(英国剧作家 肖伯纳. G. ) Ideal 理想篇 22.Do not, for one repulse, give up the purpose that you resolved to effect. (William Shakespeare , British dramatist)不要只因一次失败，就放弃你原来决心想达到的目 的。(英国剧作家莎士比亚.W.) 23.Don't part with your illusions . When they are gone you may still exist,but you have ceased to live. (Mark Twain , American writer)不要放弃你的幻想。当幻想没有了以后，你还 可以生存，但是你虽生犹死.(美国作家 马克·吐温) 24.Ideal is the beacon. Without ideal, there is no secure direction;without direction, there is no life. ( Leo Tolstoy , Russian writer)理想是指路明灯。没有理想，就没 有坚定的方向；没有方向，就没有生活。(俄国作家 托尔斯泰. L .) 25.If winter comes , can spring be far behind ?(P. B. Shelley, British poet)冬天来了，春天还会远吗？ ( 英国诗人, 雪莱. P. B.) 26.Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.Alexander Dumas (Davy de La Pailleterie, French Writer)生活没有目标就像航海没有指南针。 (法国作家 大仲马. A.) 27.The only limit to our realization of tomorrow will be our doubts of today.(Franklin Roosevelt , American president)实现明天理想的唯一障碍是今天的疑虑。 (美国总统 罗斯福. F .) Knowledge 知识篇 28.Activity is the only road to knowledge.(George Bernard Shaw , British dramatist)行动是通往知识的唯一道路 。 (英 国剧作家 肖伯纳. G.) 29.Imagination is more important than knowledge .(Albert Einstein , American scientist )想象力比知识更为重要。 (美 国科学家 爱因斯坦. A. ) 30.Knowledge is power . (Francis Bacon , British philosopher )知识就是力量。 (英国哲学家 培根. F.) Struggle 奋斗篇 31.Genius only means hard-working all one's life. ( Mendeleyev , Russian Chemist)天才只意味着终身不懈的努 力。 (俄国化学家门捷列耶夫) 32.I have nothing to offer but blood , toil tears and sweat . (Winston Churchill, British Politician)我所能奉献的没有 其它，只有热血、辛劳、眼泪与汗水。(英国政治家 丘吉尔 . W.) 33.Patience is bitter, but its fruit is sweet . (Jean Jacques Rousseau , French thinker)忍耐是痛苦的，但它的果 实是甜蜜的。 (法国思想家 卢梭. J. J.) 34.There is no royal road to science ,and only those who do not dread the fatiguing climb of gaining its numinous summits . (Karl Marx, German revolutionary )在科学上没有 平坦的大道，只有不畏劳苦沿着其崎岖之路攀登的人，才有希望 达到它光辉的顶点。( 德国革命家马克思. K .) 35.Where there is a will , there is a way .( Thomas Edison , American inventor )有志者，事竟成。 (美国发明家 爱迪生. T.) 二、精彩必背部分。 在作文中经常有一些好句子可以借鉴，为此，特总结如 下，务必全部脱口而出。 1.According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking. 依照最近的一项调查， 每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。 2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.最近的调查显示相当 多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。 3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet. 没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬 和批评。 4. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person’s physical fitness. 许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。 5.写信的开头：Very glad to receive your letter of July 13. 6.One day after school,XiaoMing passed a Café on his way home. 7.The boss had no choice but to let him in. 8.How he enjoyed himself on the computer! 9.Walking home full of fear,he was sure that he would be scolded. 10.However,other students are against the idea. 11.Sometimes we have too many examinations which are too difficult for us. 12.today’s activity has taught us the new meaning of the spirit of LeiFeng:sharing with others what you have—you time,energy,or knowledge—makes you fell warm in you heart.It has truly a difference in how I feel about myself. 13.The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of. 14.No matter what he says，I won’t believe. 15. Thanks to the good weather，our journey was comfortable. 16. At the news of his death，she went pale with sorrow. 三、写作指导 多使用过渡性词语。这样使文章更加连贯、更具有逻辑性。 （1）表示增加的过渡词：also，and，and then，too，in addition， furthermore，moreover，again，on top ofthat，another，first second third等。 （2）表示时间顺序的过渡词：now，then，before，after， afterwards，earlier，lat er，immediately，soon，next，in afew days，gradually，suddenly，finally等。（3）表示空间 顺序的过渡词：near（to）， far（from）， in frontof，behind， beside，beyond，above，below，tothe right left，around， outside等。 （4）表示比较的过渡词：in thesameway，justlike，justas等。 （5）表示对照的过渡词：but，still，yet，however，on theotherhand，onthecon trary，in spite of，even though等。 （6）表示结 果 和 原 因 的 过 渡 词：because，since，so， as a result，therefore，then，thus，otherwise等。 （7）表示目的的过渡词：forthisreason，forthispurpose，so that等。 （8）表示强调的过渡词：in fact，indeed，surely，necessarily， certainly，withoutanydoubt，truly，torepeat，aboveall， mostimportant等。 （9）表示解释说明的过渡词：forexample，in fact，in thiscase， foractually等。 （10）表示总结的过渡词：finally，atlast，inconclusion， asIhaveshown，inoth erword，in brief，in short，in general， on the whole，ashasbeen stated等。 四、获得高分的英语书面表达的六大特性。 （1）条理性。指的是合理布局文章结构。首先，在文章思路、 组织材料、叙述顺序等方面要有一定的条理性。其次，根据需要， 安排好段落，各段之间要层次分明，也要重视每一段的开头和结 尾，开头语往往是总起句，结尾语往往是总结句。 （2）准确性。指要求写出语法正确的句子，包括时态、语态、 用词和句法等，要准确、地道地表达。必须要牢牢掌握一些常用 句型或习惯表达，避免中式英语，在实践中不断总结中英用法的 差异，养成用英语思维写作的习惯。 （3）流畅性。指根据整篇文章思想的需要，有效采用不同的连 接手段，使文章层次清楚、行文连贯。（4）简洁多样性。简洁性 就是语言简洁，不重复。多样性就是能随情景内容的变化写出句 式多样的语句。这也是新课程标准对写作的评价标准。 （5）思想性。新标准对写作的要求，增加了情感因素，在准确 流畅表达写作要点的同时，适当增加句子的感情色彩，增加一些 人情味，使文章读起来更亲切，完全达到与读者进行交流的目的。 （6）美观性。指的是卷面书写规范、清楚、干净、整洁。 五、写作步骤 每次写作前问自己四个问题：这篇文章的体裁格式是怎样的？主 体时态用什么时态？人称用第几人称？可以分几段，之间用什么 过渡词、连接词？带着这四个问题去审题，搞清楚文章的主要内 容，然后列出提纲。最后丰富自己的提纲就可以了。 第三份资料 73 组极易拼错的单词 1) quite 相当 quiet 安静地 2) affect v 影响, 假装 effect n 结果, 影响 3) adapt 适应 adopt 采用 adept 内行 4) angel 天使 angle 角度 5) dairy 牛奶厂 diary 日记 6) contend 奋斗, 斗争 content 内容, 满足的 context 上下 文 contest 竞争, 比赛 7) principal 校长, 主要的 principle 原则 8) implicit 含蓄的 explicit 明白的 9) dessert 甜食 desert 沙漠 v 放弃 dissert 写论文 10) pat 轻拍 tap 轻打 slap 掌击 rap 敲，打 11) decent 正经的 descent n 向下, 血统 descend v 向下 12) sweet 甜的 sweat 汗水 13) later 后来 latter 后者 latest 最近的 lately adv 最近 14) costume 服装 custom 习惯 15) extensive 广泛的 intensive 深刻的 16) aural 耳的 oral 口头的 17) abroad 国外 aboard 上（船，飞机） 18) altar 祭坛 alter 改变 19) assent 同意 ascent 上升 accent 口音 20) champion 冠军 champagne 香槟酒 campaign 战役 21) baron 男爵 barren 不毛之地的 barn 古仓 22) beam 梁， 光束 bean 豆 been have 过去式 23) precede 领先 proceed 进行，继续 24) pray 祈祷 prey 猎物 25) chicken 鸡 kitchen 厨房 26) monkey 猴子 donkey 驴 27) chore 家务活 chord 和弦 cord 细绳 28) cite 引用 site 场所 sight 视觉 29) clash （金属）幢击声 crash 碰幢，坠落 crush 压坏 30) compliment 赞美 complement 附加物 31) confirm 确认 conform 使顺从 32) contact 接触 contract 合同 contrast 对照 33) council 议会 counsel 忠告 consul 领事 34) crow 乌鸦 crown 王冠 clown 小丑 cow 牛 35) dose 一剂药 doze 打盹 36) drawn draw 过去分词 drown 溺水 37) emigrant 移民到国外 immigrant 从某国来的移民 38) excess n 超过 exceed v 超过 excel 擅长 39) hotel 青年旅社 hostel 旅店 40) latitude 纬度 altitude 高度 gratitude 感激 41) immoral 不道德 的 immortal 不朽的 42) lone 孤独的 alone 单独的 lonely 寂寞的 43) mortal 不死的 metal 金属 mental 神经的 medal 勋章 model 模特 meddle 玩弄 44) scare 惊吓 scarce 缺乏的 45) drought 天旱 draught 通风, 拖 拉 draughts (英)国际跳 棋 47) assure 保证 ensure 使确定 insure 保险 48) except 除外 expect 期望 accept 接受 excerpt 选录 exempt 免除 49) floor 地板 flour 面粉 50) incident 事件 accident 意外 51) inspiration 灵感 aspiration 渴望 52) march 三月, 前进 match 比赛 53) patent 专利 potent 有力的 potential 潜在的 54) police 警察 policy 政策 politics 政治 55) protest 抗议 protect 保护 56) require 需要 inquire 询问 enquire 询问 acquire 获得 57) revenge 报仇 avenge 为...报仇 58) story 故事 storey 楼层 store 商店 59) strike 打 stick 坚持 strict 严格的 60) expand 扩张 expend 花费 extend 延长 61) commerce 商业 commence 开始 62) through 通过 thorough 彻底的 (al)though 尽管 thought think 过去分词 63) purpose 目的 suppose 假设 propose 建议 64) expect 期望 respect 尊敬 aspect 方面 inspect 视察 suspect 怀疑 65) glide 滑翔 slide 使滑行 slip 跌落 66) steal 偷 steel 钢 67) strive 努力 stride 大步走 68) allusion 暗示 illusion 幻觉 delusion 错觉 elusion 逃 避 69) prospect 前景 perspective 透视法 70) stationery 文具 stationary 固定的 71) loose 松的 lose 丢失 loss n 损失 lost lose 过去式 72) amend 改正, 修正 emend 校正 73) amoral unmoral immoral 同义 不道德的 第四份资料 高考阅读高频难词 1.alter v. 改变,改动,变更 2.burst vi.n. 突然发生,爆裂 3.dispose vi. 除掉；处置；解决；处理(of) 4.blast n. 爆炸；气流 vi. 炸,炸掉 5.consume v. 消耗,耗尽 6.split v. 劈开；割裂；分裂 a.裂开的 7.spit v. 吐（唾液等）；唾弃 8.spill v. 溢出,溅出,倒出 9.slip v. 滑动,滑落；忽略 10.slide v. 滑动,滑落 n. 滑动；滑面；幻灯片 11.bacteria n. 细菌 12.breed n. 种,品种 v. 繁殖,产仔 13.budget n. 预算 v. 编预算,作安排 14.candidate n. 候选人 15.campus n. 校园 16.liberal a. 慷慨的；丰富的；自由的 17.transform v. 转变,变革；变换 18.transmit v. 传播,播送；传递 19.transplant v. 移植 20.transport vt. 运输,运送 n. 运输,运输工具 21.shift v. 转移；转动；转变 22.vary v. 变化,改变；使多样化 23.vanish vi. 消灭,不见 24.swallow v. 吞下,咽下 n. 燕子 25.suspicion n. 怀疑,疑心 26.suspicious a. 怀疑的,可疑的 27.mild a. 温暖的,暖和的；温柔的,味淡的 28.tender a. 温柔的；脆弱的 29.nuisance n. 损害,妨害,讨厌（的人或事物） 30.insignificant a. 无意义的,无足轻重的；无价值的 31.accelerate vt. 加速,促进 32.absolute a. 绝对的,无条件的；完全的 33.boundary n. 分界线,边界 34.brake n. 刹车,制动器 v. 刹住（车） 35.catalog n. 目录（册） v. 编目 36.vague a. 模糊的,不明确的 37.vain n. 徒劳,白费 38.extinct a. 绝灭的,熄灭的 39.extraordinary a. 不平常的,特别的,非凡的 40.extreme a. 极度的,极端的 n. 极端,过分 41.agent n. 代理人,代理商；动因,原因 42.alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料,酒精 43.appeal n./vi. 呼吁,恳求 44.appreciate vt. 重视,赏识,欣赏 45.approve v. 赞成,同意,批准 46.stimulate vt. 刺激,激励 47.acquire vt. 取得,获得；学到 48.accomplish vt .完成,到达；实行 49.network n. 网状物；广播网,电视网；网络 50.tide n. 潮汐；潮流 51.tidy a. 整洁的,整齐的 52.trace vt. 追踪,找到 n. 痕迹,踪迹 53.torture n./vt. 拷打,折磨 54.wander vi. 漫游,闲逛 55.wax n. 蜡 56.weave v. 织,编 57.preserve v. 保护,保存,保持,维持 61. abuse v. 滥用,虐待；谩骂 62. academic a. 学术的；高等院校的；研究院的 63. academy n. （高等）专科院校；学会 64. battery n. 电池（组） 65. barrier n. 障碍；棚栏 66. cargo n. （船、飞机等装载的）货物 67. career n. 生涯,职业 68. vessel n. 船舶；容器,器皿；血管 69. vertical a. 垂直的 70. oblige v. 迫使,责成；使感激 71. obscure a. 阴暗,模糊 72. extent n. 程度,范围,大小,限度 73. exterior n. 外部,外表 a. 外部的,外表的 74. external a. 外部的,外表的,外面的 75. petrol n. 汽油 76. petroleum n. 石油 77. delay vt./n. 推迟,延误,耽搁 78. decay vi. 腐烂,腐朽 79. decent a. 像样的,体面的 80. route n. 路；路线；航线 81. ruin v. 毁坏,破坏 n. 毁灭,[pl.]废墟 82. sake n. 缘故,理由 83. satellite n. 卫星 84. scale n. 大小,规模；等级；刻度 85. temple n. 庙宇 86. tedious a. 乏味道,单调的 87. tend vi.易于,趋向 88. tendency n.趋向,趋势 89. ultimate a. 极端的,最大的,最终的 n. 极端 90. undergo v. 经历,遭受 91. abundant a. 丰富的,充裕的,大量的 92. adopt v. 收养；采用；采纳 93. adapt vi. 适应,适合；改编,改写 vt. 使适应 94. bachelor n. 学士,学士学位；单身汉 95. casual a. 偶然的,碰巧的；临时的；非正式的 96. trap n. 陷阱,圈套 v. 设陷阱捕捉 97. vacant a. 空的,未占用的 98. vacuum n. 真空,真空吸尘器 99. oral a. 口头的,口述的,口的 100. optics n. （单、复数同形）光学 第五份资料 阅读理解解题技巧 正确的选项有什么特点 要在四个选择中确定正确的答案项并不是一件容易的事，这 不仅仅在于它是混在其他三个干扰项中，而且还在于正确的选 项，其形式是多种多样的。换句话说，正确的答案项往往以与文 章相关的内容不同的词，不同的结构，不同的语义关系表现出来 的。尽管意思一致，但语言形式相差很大。有时可以这样说，表 面文字越相似，越不可能是答案。因此如能了解和掌握正确选项 的特点，以及它与文章相关句。的语义关系，对于我们既快又准 地找到正确答案大有帮助。根据正确答案的性质和特点，我们可 把正确的答案分成两大类。 一、直接性答案 直接性答案是指这种答案可在文章中直接找到相关的证据。 它表现为下列几种： 1．答案项使用原文的语言 答案项的文字基本上和原文相关句的文字一样。 2．答案项使用原文的同义词语 答案项和原文相关句的句子结构一样，只是换了意思相同的 几个词。 3．答案项使用原文的同义结构 所谓同义结构，即使用不同的语法结构表达相同的意思。 4. 答案项使用原文的反义词语 accept—reject ， marriage—divorce ， busy—idle ， strain—relaxation 等都是反义词，把这些对立的反义词分在两 个不同的句子里，通过不同的结构，可以表达相同的意思，正如 He is old．和 He is no longer young. 是一个意思。 5．答案项使用原文的反义结构 反义结构即句子结构两样，表达的方法正好相反，一个是用 否定形式，一个是用肯定形式，但意思一样。 6．答案项使用原文的上下义结构 上下义关系就是动物和猫、狗、老虎、狮子、鸟、虫的关系， 或科学和医学、生物、物理、电子、计算机、航天等的关系。在 一定的上下文中，猫就是动物，动物可以指代猫。医学就是科学， 科学可以指代医学。 7．答案项是对原文生词的解释 这种答案项实际上就是用原文生词的同义词。它有两种形 式。 1) 四个选项列了四个单词或词组，其中一个就是问题所问 的原文中一个生词的同义词或同义词组。 2) 四个选项列了四个句子，其中一个是对原文中一个带有 一个关键性生词的句子的解释，如对这一生词不理解，就无法知 道这个句子意思。 8．答案项是对原文难句的解释 阅读理解文章中个别句子比较难，有的是本身句子结构比较 复杂，句子很长；有的表达比较抽象，有的是含有生词，这都影 响了理解，因此问题往往就针对这些句子问，而答案是对它们的 浅近的具体的解释。 9．答案项是对原文比喻或谚语的解释 原文有些句子用了各种比喻或谚语，它对缺乏一定背景知识 的考生构成了理解上的困难。问题针对这些比喻、或谚语，答案 项就是对它们的解释。 10．答案项是对原文引语的解释 阅读理解中的有些问题往往是针对文章中的一段较难的引 语进行发问，而答案项是对这一引语的解释或概括。 11. 答案项是对原文句子的复杂化的解释 有时候不是原文句子难，而是答案项的句子结构和生词使考 生理解发生困难，难以把它和原文句子对上。 12．答案项是对原文数据的加减 问题是针对文章中的数据进行提问。答案项是对原文数据的 加减乘除而得出的。 二、间接性答案 间接性答案是指这种答案不能在文章中的某一个句子中直 接找到相关的证据。 它需要通过归纳推理等才能得到，它表现为下列几种： 1． 答案项是对原文例证的归纳 2. 答案项是对原文事实的归纳 3． 案项是对原文叙述的归纳 4． 答案项是对段落大意的归纳 5． 答案项是对全文中心思想的归纳 6． 答案项是对一段文字的推理 错误的选项有什么特点 错误选项也即正确答案的干扰项。其目的是扰乱你的思维， 使你不能轻易或仅凭胡乱猜测就能找到答案。特别是国内组织的 一些英语考试，由于词汇量的限制，挑选的文章不能过难。命题 人员就在问题和选项上做文章。使你即使基本读懂文章，也不能 轻松做出题目。现在的干扰项不仅语言复杂，而且欺骗性强。两 个语言水平相当，对文章理解差不多的考生会因为对干扰项的辨 别能力不同，而答题的正确率不一。为了提高辨别错误或干扰信 息的能力，有必要分析干扰项的种种变化及其性质。 一、以假乱真 在各种干扰信息中，伪造性的信息用得最多了。伪造性的信 息也就是文章中根本没有的意思，硬是编造出一个信息，组成一 个选项，以假乱真，以迷惑和干扰考生。以假乱真的伪造性信息 有两种表现形式。 1． 伪造性的信息是利用文章中出现的一些词。 这就告诉我们：在辨别选项中的信息是正确或伪造的，一定 要琢磨选项的意思，不要因为时间紧，不读完选项的句子，或粗 粗一读，只看到几个表面文字与文章中有关部分相同就下结论。 根据这一点，我们似乎还可以得出这样一条经验：选项中出 现相关句中的原词越多，这个选项越不可能是答案。 2． 伪造的信息是利用基本常识和一般看法 这就告诉我们：在做题目，辨别信息时，一定要读原文，一 定要根据文章中说到的，一定要注意问题中的“According to the passage，”“In the author’s view，”的提醒。千万不 要因时间来不及，而不读原文，凭主观想象，千万不要根据自己 或人们对这一方面的一般看法来套。伪造的信息之所以能起干扰 的作用，就是因为有些看似不合常理的信息却是文章中说到的， 而有些看似非常合理的信息是命题人员根据常识编造，以诱骗考 生的陷阱。 二、偷梁换柱 偷梁换柱也是一种常用的干扰手法。它在选项里的信息也是 伪造的，但是它用原文中的句子结构和大部分的词汇，只是在不 起眼的地方换了几个词，造成意思的变化。 这告诉我们，在辨别信息时，一定要非常仔细，尤其是选项 的结构和词汇与原文相关旬的结构和词汇相似时，更要注意当中 是否有词汇被调换了。偷梁换柱的干扰项就是利用考生时间紧， 大凡粗粗一读，来不及细看，或来不及把选项读到底的倾向，在 选项的前半句或前大半句中用原文的结构和词汇，只是在最后换 了几个词，而使考生出错。 三、张冠李戴 张冠李戴的干扰项主要是将文章作者的观点与文章中他人 的观点混淆起来。问的是作者的观点，选项中出现的是他人的观 点；或问的是文章中他人观点，却把文章作者观点放到选项中去。 这就告诉我们，在辨别选项前，首先要仔细阅读问题，特别 要注意“generally ／ usually ／ frequently ／ widely believed(accepted，advised)”或“in the author’s eyes／ point of view”这类词，弄清楚问的是什么，是作者的观点， 还是文章中其他人的观点。这样才不会被张冠李戴的干扰项所迷 惑。 四、以偏概全 以偏概全也是一种常用的干扰手段。尤其是在猜测文章或段 落大意题，猜测文章标题题，以及释义题中，四个选项总有以偏 概全的干扰信息。因此认识它的表现形式很有必要。以偏概全有 两种基本形式。 1． 把文章中的次要观点，细节混进问文章主要观点，中心 思想的选项。 2． 把超过文章讨论的东西也作为归纳或结论混进选项。 这就告诉我们，在做归纳性，概括性题目时，要注意选项的 归纳分寸，不要被归纳不够或归纳过头的选项所迷惑。 第六份资料 高考阅读理解解题指导 第一节 对阅读理解中生词的理解 一、通过句子结构或句子成分来理解 1、通过定义解释来推测词义。 a.His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. b.Have you ever wondered what a Degree might be worth to you in your job orcareer? 2、通过对比关系来推测词义，如利用反义词说明生词的意义等。 a.A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be ahassle; it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months. Q: What does the under lined word “hassle” probably mean? A. a party designed by specialists B. a plan requiring careful thought C. a situation causing difficulty or trouble D. a demand made by guests b. Music, for instance, was once as groups experience…For many people now, however, music is an individual experience. 3、通过同类关系来推测词义。 a.In each Olympic Games, medals of gold, silver andbronze can all be awarded. b.At forty-two he was in hisprime and always full of energy. 4、根据生活常识来猜测词义。 a.Mrs. Kreamer, avictim of smoke, was unconscious…….. b. Birds fly with their wings, and they pick up their foods, and then eat them with their beaks and they use their claws for tearing, seizing, pulling or holding objects. 5、利用文意及逻辑关系来推测词义。 a. One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information. Quite the reverse.Business, politics, life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information. b.She wanted the hairdresser totrim her hair a bit because it was too long. c. The river is soturbid that it is impossible to see the bottomeven when it is shallow. 【针对性练习】 请选出画线单词的正确意思。 1.Archaeology is the study of the buried remains of ancient times, such as houses, pots, tools and weapons. A. 地理学 B. 生态学 C. 心理学 D. 考古学 2. This strict officer is a martinet, a person who demands total obedience（服从）to rules, discipline and orders. A.专制的人 B. 软弱的人 C. 强硬的人 D. 要求严格服从纪律和 命令的人 3. Though Mr. Smith has been general manager for just 3 months, he has already made much greater achievements than hispredecessors .A. 上级 B. 前任 C. 同事 D. 下级 4. The football game was getting more and more exciting , however, the old lady was still as dozy as she usually was. A. 昏昏欲睡的 B. 亢奋的 C. 欣喜若狂的 D. 麻木的 5. All his attempts to unlock the door wasfutile,because he was using the wrong key. A. 成功的 B. 徒劳的 C. 有效的 D. 匆促的 6. She did not hear what you said because she was completelyengrossed in her reading. A. 心不在焉的 B. 紧张的 C. 全神贯注的 D. 睡意浓的 7. One ofsymptoms caused by the peculiar illness is a high fever. A. 症状 B. 疾病 C. 恐惧 D. 威胁 8. In the strong wind, the beggarshivered with the terrible cold. A. 流泪 B. 乞讨 C. 呻吟 D. 颤抖 9. The hot tropical weather created a feeling oflassitude and encouraged laziness. A. 兴奋 B. 厌恶 C. 清醒 D. 疲倦 10.To quite a great many people, money is anirresistible temptation（诱惑）. A. 不可抗拒的 B. 可抗拒的 C. 接受的 D. 不可接受的 二、通过构词法知识来理解 英语中的构词法主要的有三种，即复合法，派生法和转化法。而 派生是很重要的一种方法，它是由 词根，前缀，后缀所组成。词根是单词最重要的部分，表达单词 的基本含义，在词根前或后加上前缀和 后缀，可以用来引申或转变原词的意思。只要我们掌握了各种词 根、前缀、后缀等基本含义，那么就可 以很容易地猜测出所构成的新词的含义了。利用构词法知识猜词 义我们可以用下面的一些方法： 1.利用派生法知识猜派生词词义。 a.Carrentalsarebecomingmore and morepopularasaninexpensive way of taking to the roads. b. Thepopularity of the igloo is beyond doubt. 2.利用合成法知识猜测合成词词义。 a. “Even when a man is said to be a best friend,” Rubin writes, “the two share a little about their innermost feeling.” b.The colors of Hawaii in summer areunforgettable. 3.要求猜测熟词新含义。 a. The major market force rests in the growing population of white collar employees, who can offer the new service. b. “It wasthebestnightwehadever had” said saidAngelaCarraro,who runs an Italian restaurant. 4.要求猜测词性变换新词含义。 a. Thehotsunhad causedthedough todouble in size… b. When men and women lived hunting 50,000 years ago, how could they even begin to picture modern life? 【针对性练习】 根据构词法，猜测下面画线单词的意思。 1. Many factories were closed, so men facedunployment 2. They had, I know, some undersirable friends. 3. The boy took a handful of chocolates before he went to school. 4. We seek to satisfyequality of pay for men and women. 5. Students should not disobey the rules of their school. 6. Wefavour an early start in the training of performing arts. 7. We fought hard tooverthrow the policy. 8. Can you forsee what will happen tomorrow. 9. The man made anadmission that he was a spy. 10. He is veryknowledgeable about wires. 第二节 对阅读理解中长难句的理解 一、长句成分分析法 近几年高考阅读试题中的长难句，即结构比较复杂的句子越来越 多，如何阅读这些复杂句子，正确 理解短文内容是咱们同学感觉比较头疼的难题。下面我们共同学 习长句分析法。对于该方法我们应该注 意：（1）找准主干，关键是主句的主谓结构，方法是先将句子的 修饰成分（名词性从句、定语从句、状 语从句和非谓语动词）去掉，露出主句的真面貌，然后再分析修 饰部分和主句的关系。另外在一个长句 中可能会出现若干个从句，如果把整个的长句从头到尾理解透， 势必很难。如果把各个从句剔出来单独 理解，再把大意拼凑起来，构成整个长句的意思，就可降低长句 的理解难度。（2）理清逻辑和思路。一 些长句其实就是一个由主句和若干个从句组成的一个多层次的 主从复合句，因而一定要搞清主句和从句 之间的逻辑关系。只要把逻辑关系搞清楚了，把主句的意思和从 句的意思按逻辑意义进行理解，则长难 句就好对付了。 平时要注意积累表示各种逻辑关系的连词和短 语， 常见的有， 表目的： so that, for the purpose that, in order that 等；表结果：so…that, such…that, that…, as a result, therefore, thus 等；表条件：if, on condition that, unless 等；表原因：because, since, as 等。（3）把握关键词。 如果对一个长难句子一点感觉 也没有，下下之策就是别把长、 难句当句子看，只要能大体理解句中的关键词，也可以大体猜出 了这个句子的意思。例如： 【例 1】It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computers, although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced, the printers start working overtime. 【例 2】Whereas a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage, it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say he didn’t know his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on a sofa. 【针对性练习】 1. They want to keep you under their protection as long as they can, and since they can, and since they have always given you extra special care, they are afraid you won’t make it without their support. 2. It was almost impossible for an Indian to gain even a fair education and extremely difficult, as a result, for an Indian to rise high in life. 3. Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience in teaching my chances of getting the job were slim. 二、抓住核心简化长句 如果句子很长，就要对句子进行结构分析。一般来说，一个长句 如果是由几个并列、转折、递进、 对比关系的分句组成，句中往往有表示这些分句关系的连接词， 只要能搞清分句和分句之间的逻辑关系， 把各层分句的意思加以连贯就构成了长句的句意。使用这一个方 法，我们就会很快的把握句子的意思， 这对我们完成试题是很有帮助作用的。在长句理解的过程中，教 会学生划分意群。首先让学生划分意群， 即先找出句子的主干：主语、谓语和宾语，这些是句子的核心所 在。然后再找句子的修饰成分：同位语、 定语、主语补足语、宾语补足语和状语。这样，把一个个复杂的 长句分解为一个个相对简单的意群，这 样符合由简入繁，由易入难的记忆和学习规律，能有效地消除学 生对长句的畏惧心理，从而为解答阅读 理解提供一把万能的金钥匙。 【例 1】 I am always amazed when I hear people saying that sport creates good will between the nations, and that if only the common peoples of the world could meet one another at football or cricket, they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield. 另外，在英语语言中，平行并列结构占有相当大的比例。由于这 种结构组成的方式不同，或其它句 子成分的介入，或多重并列平行的存在，往往使读者在阅读时不 易分辩清楚，找不到句子的主干，进而 形成阅读理解的障碍。并列平行结构中多有一些关联词语如 and, or, but, not only …but also, both …and, either …or, neither…nor 等；或标点符号如分号、逗号、破折号等信息标 志，把若干个在语义上有联系或 相互照应的句子连在一起以表达一个复杂的多层次的含义。 【针对性练习】（翻译下面的句子，并对句子进行分析） 1. My friends, having seen the recorder before them turned off, paid no attention to the microphones a few inches from their mouths, thus giving excellent sound quality. 2. Being very short of money and wanting todo something useful, I applied, fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience in teaching my chances of getting the job were slim. 3. And although you may not like it if she chooses your doorway as her place to sleep in the night, it is as normally hard to turn her away as it is a lost dog. 4. It was almost impossible for an Indian to gain even a fair education and extremely difficult, as a result, for an Indian to rise high in life. 5. He did not believe nor reject (排斥) anything because any other person had believed or rejected it. 第三节 对阅读理解中段落的理解 我们所见到的短文都是由每一个段落组成。 段落是构成文章的 一组句子。 段落必须表达完整的意思： 或描写事物，或争论某事，或对某事提出疑问，或要求什么，或 给事物下定义，或驳斥某观点。 【例 1】 We all know that cigarette smoking is a dangerous habit because it causes health problems. Doctors say it can be a direct cause of cancer of the lungs and throat and can also contribute to cancer of other organs. In addition, it can bring about other health problems such as heart and lung diseases. It is clearly identified as one of the chief causes of death in our society. 【例 2】 The need for wildlife protection is greater now than ever before. About a thousand species of animals are in danger of extinction, and the rate at which they are being destroyed has increased. With mammals, for instance, the rate of extinction is now about one species every year; from AD 1 to 1800, the rate was about one species every fifty years. Everywhere, men are trying o solve the problem of preserving wildlife while caring at the same time for the world’s growing population. 【例 3】 Trouble, trouble, trouble! First it was the tires! I discovered two of them completely worn out after only one year’s use. After replacing the tires, the brakes went bad. There went $150! Just when I thought everything was working fine, the engine boiled over as I sat in a long line at the toll（过桥收费处）bridge. 【针对性练习】（请指出下面句子的主题句） 1. Birds use many different materials to build nests. Some birds use bits of grass. The tailor-bird of Africa and India uses grass to sew leaves together. Other birds find twigs and pebbles useful. 2. But no matter what it is called, all polyester has certain good points. It does not wrinkle easily. It dries quickly after it is washed. It holds its shape. It is strong and keeps its colors well. 3. Black is the colour of mourning. Red symbolizes danger, violence, or bloodshed. If you are afraid, you are yellow. None of these sayings is true outside the English speaking world. In China and Korea, white is the color of mourning. In Russia red stands for beauty and life. In Italy and Germany you are yellow with anger，not with fear. 4. Our chief source of fresh water is rainfall that collects in lakes, rivers, and reservoirs. Recently, however, we have discovered a new source, aquifers, which are rock formations containing water. Even under deserts, vast aquifers may be waiting to be tapped. Companies drilling for oil in the Middle East have sometimes struck aquifers, which provide unexpected water supplies for arid regions, 5. Suppose you’re playing a game. You make a silly mistake and lose. Do you become angry? Or can you laugh at yourself and hope to do better next time? Suppose you are at a special dinner. You accidentally spill some food. Why keep worrying about how clumsy you look？Why not laugh it off and enjoy yourself anyway？ If you can, it’s good sign you've really grown up. 第七份资料 英语高能力训练讲义 高考热点动词 add, advise, agree, allow, answer, ask, begin, believe, break, bring, buy, call, care，carry, catch, cause, come, connect, consider, continue, cost，cover, decide, demand, depend, die, dress, engage, enjoy, expect, express, fail, fall, feel, fetch, find, finish, fit, forget, get, give, go, grow, guess, happen, have, hear, help, hide, hold, imagine, insist, join, keep, know, lead, learn, leave, let, lie, look, make, marry, matter, mean, mind, miss, need, offer, permit, prefer, prepare, promise, provide, realize, refer，regard, regret, remain，remember, require, run, say, seat, send, serve, set, share, show, speak, suggest, take, talk, teach, tell, think, turn, use, want, waste, watch, win, wonder, worry 书面表达常用焦点副词及短语(表示承接概念) 1.表示开始新的话题： well, now 2.表示转换话题： by the way 3.表示顺序：first, second, next, last, finally, also, 4.表示递进：what’s more, what’s worse 5.表示解释： that is , that is to say, or rather say 6.表示列举： for example, such as, for instance 7.表示再陈述： in other words 8.表示总结概括： in a word, in short, on a whole, to sum up, all in all, on the whole, generally (speaking), in general 9.表示强化语气： besides(此外), anyway, above all, at all, indeed 10. 反应： surprisingly, astonishingly, remarkable, naturally, luckily, fortunately 11.不予肯定： almost, in a way, more or less. 12. 存在可能性： perhaps, seemingly, possibly, maybe, hopefully. 13. 陈述人的态度：frankly, seriously, honestly, in my opinion, in my view, personally 14. 强调观点不同： all the same, still, however, on the contrary, instead, on the other hand, yet