山西省吕梁市2021届高三英语上学期期中试卷（Word版附解析） 25页

吕梁市 2020 年 11 月高三阶段性测试 英语 （本试题满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟。答案一律写在答题卡上） 注意事项： 1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。 2.答题前，考生务必用 0.5 毫米黑色签字笔填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信 息。 3.考试作答时，请将答案正确地填写在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。 4.第Ⅰ卷听力部分满分 30 分，不计入总分。 5.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第Ⅰ卷 选择题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时 间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How many people will visit New York for free? A.2. B.3. C.5. 2. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. See Mr Smith B. Check the letter. C. Type the letter again. 3. What’s wrong with Jane? A. She misses her home very much. B. She hasn’t received her mother’s letter. C. She is worried about her mother’s health. 4. What does the man want to do? A. Learn to play baseball. B. Organise a baseball team. C. Find a baseball player. 5. What does Susan mean? A. She had a date then. B. She will put off the meeting. C. She didn’t have time to prepare the speech. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你 将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答 时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6—7 题。 6. Why does the woman come to see Rick? A. To say goodbye. B. To ask for advice. C. To invite him to her home. 7. Which country would the woman like to visit? A. Canada. B. France. C. Germany. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8—9 题。 8. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The popularity of English. B. The study pressure on students. C. Attitudes towards learning foreign languages. 9. What percentage of students are forced to learn a foreign language? A. About 21%. B. About 27%. C. About 35%. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10—12 题。 10. What is the room like? A. Big but old. B. Big and new. C. Small but new. 11. What will be arranged first? A. The chairs. B. The bed. C. The dressing table. 12. Where will the chairs be put? A. Close to the window. B. In front of the fireplace. C. Behind the dressing table. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13—16 题。 13. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Father and daughter. C. Guide and tourist. 14. Where is the bank? A. Next to the coffee shop. B. Opposite the museum. C. At the end of the road. 15. What advice does the man give to the woman? A. Eating less chocolate. B. Keeping the table clean. C. Watching out for the traffic. 16. How will the speakers go to the museum? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By bike. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17—20 题。 17. Why did Murphy go to a doctor? A. He thought his wife was deaf. B. He wanted to get his hearing back. C. He couldn’t make himself understood. 18. What did the doctor tell Murphy to do? A. Stand about 15 metres from his wife. B. Ask his wife some serious questions. C. Talk to his wife at different distances. 19. What was his wife doing when Murphy got back home? A. Watching TV. B. Cooking. C. Setting the table. 20. How many times did Murphy ask his wife the same question? A. Twice. B. Three times. C. Four times. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 60 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 45 分） 阅读下面短文，从各题所给 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。 A While beach vacations may be a great way to take your mind off work, lakes surrounded by mountains make for an even grander experience. If you are looking for come peace on your vacation, we have some recommendations for you in the Caucasus (高加索). Lake Sevan Lake Sevan is situated in the central part of Armenia, in the Gegharkumk province. It is the largest lake in Armenia, located 6,200ft above sea level. Along the lake shore, there are various accommodations such as resorts and hotels with plenty of activities to partake m such as windsurfing, swimming and sunbathing. While there, do not forget to visit one of the famous cultural monuments, the Sevanavank Monastery, and it offers a great view of the lake as well. Lake Paravani Lake Paravani, located at 6,801ft above sea level, is in the south of Georgia, near the Javakheti plateau. At this level, altitude sickness can occur and it is a good idea to be prepared to adapt to it properly, or bring medication for altitude sickness. Being a volcanic lake makes for a more interesting: experience. The lake is best known for fishing. Do not come home during the winter months when the lake freezes. Lake Cildir Lake Cildir is located in the Ardahan province. East Turkey, near the borders of Georgia and Armenia. It is the second largest freshwater lake of Eastern Turkey, and many tourists are not aware of this beautiful attraction. Lake Cildir is surrounded by mountains of the Caucasus. The lake freezes during late November. If the winter is not extremely cold, you can try some lake activities like ice skating and ice fishing. Lake Van Lake Van is the must visit of all lakes in this list. The largest lake in Turkey. Lake Van is located on the eastern shore of Turkey and is also the most accessible lake here. It’s situated at 5,380ft above sea level, and unique to lakes around the world, the water is high in salt content. 1. If you want to visit some historic sites during your travel by a lake, you can go to . A. Lake Cildir B. Lake Parvani C. Lake Sevan D. Lake Van 2. What is special about Lake Van? A. Its water is high in salt. B. It is a volcanic lake. C. It is globally the latest lake. D. It is surrounded by mountains. 3. What challenge are travelers most likely to face while visiting Lake Paravani? A. Lack of medicine. B. Volcano eruptions. C. Altitude sickness. D. Low temperature all the year. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 【解析】 本文是几则广告。海滩度假可以让你摆脱工作的压力，尤其是被群山环绕的湖泊给你一种 更好的体验。如果你想享受度假中的安静，文中向你推荐四个湖泊供你去度假。 【名师点睛】 文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合， 一一对应，一目了然（2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上从 分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。（3）语意理 解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需 要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。 （4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误” 5）事实排序 型。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Lake Sevan 中最后一句“While there, do not forget to visit one of the famous cultural monuments, the Sevanavank Monastery, and it offers a great view of the lake as well.可 知，在 Lake Sevan 有一个著名的文化古迹---the Sevanavank Monastery 修道院，游客可 以去参观。故选 C。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Lake Van”一段中最后一句“It’s situated at 5, 380ft above sea level, and unique to lakes around the world, the water is high in salt content.”可知，Lake Van 坐落在海拔 5,380 英尺处，是世界独特的湖泊，这个湖泊以含盐量特别高而出名。故选 A。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Lake Paravani”介绍中“Lake Paravani, located at 6,801ft above sea level, is in the south of Georgia, near the Javakheti plateau. At this level, altitude sickness can occur and it is a good idea to be prepared to adapt to it properly, or bring medication for altitude sickness.” 可知，Lake Paravani 位于海平面以上，在格鲁吉亚省的南部，靠近贾瓦凯提高原。在这个水 平上，高原反应可能发生，最好是准备好适应它，或者随身携带治高原病的药物。可知，在 Lake Paravani 游玩的时候，要注意高原反应。故选 C。 B Sweetest Day is celebrated on the third Saturday in October as a day to make someone happy. It is an occasion which offers all of us an opportunity to remember not only the sick, the aged, and children who have lost their parents, but also friends, workmates, relatives and neighbors whose helpfulness and kindness we have enjoyed. Over 60 years ago, when a Cleveland man noticed that some people, such as children who lost their parents and patients who lay in bed, too often felt forgotten and neglected, he developed in his mind the idea of showing them that they were remembered. He did this by giving them small gifts. With the help of his friends and neighbors, he gave those people small gifts on a Saturday in October. During the years that followed, other Clevelanders began to take part in the celebration, which came to be called “Sweetest Day”. Over time, the Sweetest Day idea of spreading cheer to the poor, the sick and children who had lost their parents was broadened to include everyone, and became an occasion for remembering others with a kind act or a small gift. Soon the idea spread to other cities all over the USA. Sweetest Day is not based on any single group’s religions（宗教的）beliefs or on a family relationship. It is a reminder that a thoughtful word or deed enriches life and gives it meaning. Because for many people remembering takes the form of gift giving, Sweetest Day offers us the opportunity to show others that we care, in a positive way. 4. What can we learn from the first paragraph? A. Sweetest Day is celebrated on the third Sunday in October. B. Sweetest Day is a day to make others happy. C. Sweetest Day is an occasion for lovers to express love. D. Sweetest Day is just an occasion to care about disabled people. 5. The underlined word “neglected” in the second paragraph means “____________”. A. remembered B. hated C. paid little or no attention to D. disappointed 6. What’s the origin of Sweetest Day? A. A Cleveland man’s meeting with some people in need. B. Giving gifts to each other’s beloved. C. Kind acts performed to the poor. D. Cleveland men’s religious beliefs. 7. Which of the following has little relationship to Sweetest Day? A. Visiting sick people of the hospital. B. Visiting children who have lost their parents. C. Giving friends small gifts. D. Giving flowers to sweethearts. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了甜蜜日的时间、内容、起源以及这个节日的现实意义。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。由文章的第一段第一句“Sweetest Day is celebrated on the third Saturday in October as a day to make someone happy.（甜蜜日是在 10 月的第三个星期六庆祝的，这是一 个让别人开心的日子）”可知，甜蜜日是了让别人开心。故选 B 项。 【5 题详解】 词句猜测题。A. remembered 被记住的；B. hated 被讨厌的；C. paid little or no attention to 很 少注意或不注意；D. disappointed 失望的。根据文章第二段第一句“Over 60 years ago, when a Cleveland man noticed that some people, such as children who lost their parents and patients who lay in bed, too often felt forgotten and neglected, he developed in his mind the idea of showing them that they were remembered.（60 多年前，当一个克利夫兰人注意到一些人，比如失去父 母的孩子和躺在床上的病人，经常感到被遗忘和 neglected，他在脑海中形成了一个想法： 向他们展示他们是能被别人记住的。）”根据“felt forgotten”以及“they were remembered.”可知此处“neglected”的意思为被忽视。故选 C 项。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句话“Over 60 years ago, when a Cleveland man noticed that some people, such as children who lost their parents and patients who lay in bed, too often felt forgotten and neglected, he developed in his mind the idea of showing them that they were remembered.（60 多年前，当一个克利夫兰人注意到一些人，比如失去父母的孩子和躺在床 上的病人，经常感到被遗忘和忽视时，他在脑海中形成了一个想法：向他们展示他们被记住 了。）”可知，甜蜜日最初是一个克利夫兰的男人碰到了许多需要帮助的人而产生的想法。 故选 A 项。 【7 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第五句“Over time, the Sweetest Day idea of spreading cheer to the poor, the sick and children who had lost their parents was broadened to include everyone, and became an occasion for remembering others with a kind act or a small gift.（随着时间的推移，甜 蜜日这个向穷人、病人和失去父母的孩子们传递欢乐的想法扩大到包括所有人，并成为一个 通过友善的行为或小礼物来纪念他人的机会。）”可知，甜蜜日那天人们会关注那些病人、 孤儿，会给亲朋好友送上小礼物，但文章未提及给恋人送花。故选 D 项。 【点睛】阅读理解题的解题方法，首先，宏观浏览，掌握大意。不要困扰在个别词汇的翻译 上，偶有生词，走为上计。其次，读懂题干，带着问题再去微观细读。最后，分析句子，慎 思明辨。阅读理解题之细节理解解题要注意：1.排除干扰项，突出主题。2.按文章的体裁， 作者写作的组织模式及有关信息，预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。3.将注意力放在 寻找你所需要的细节上，快速浏览，一目十行。发现细节，十目一行，放慢速度，仔细核对 比较，直到找到正确答案。例如本文第四题，根据文章第二段第五句“Over time, the Sweetest Day idea of spreading cheer to the poor, the sick and children who had lost their parents was broadened to include everyone, and became an occasion for remembering others with a kind act or a small gift.（随着时间的推移，甜蜜日这个向穷人、病人和失去父母的孩子们传递欢乐的想 法扩大到包括所有人，并成为一个通过友善的行为或小礼物来纪念他人的机会。）”可知， 甜蜜日那天人们会关注那些病人、孤儿，会给亲朋好友送上小礼物，但文章未提及给恋人送 花。故选 D 项。 C Recently I and other Red Cross volunteers met a group of victims from Hurricane Katrina. We were there, as mental health professionals, to offer “psychological first aid” and I was struck by the simple healing power of presence. As we walked in the gate to the shelter, we were greeted with a burst of gratitude from the first person we met. I felt appreciated, but also guilty, because I hadn’t really done anything yet. I first realized the power of presence many years ago when a friend’s mother passed away unexpectedly. I received a call saying she had just passed away. I wanted to rush down there immediately, but didn’t want to intrude(打扰) on this very personal period of sadness. I was torn about what to do. Another friend with me then said, “Just go. Just be there.” I did, and I will never regret it. Since then, I have not hesitated to be in the presence of others. Once I sat at the bedside of a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDS-ralated dying. He was not awake, and obviously unaware of others’ presence. However, the atmosphere was by no means solemn. His family, playing guitars and singing, allowed him to be present with them as though he were still fully alive. In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence. In it, none of us are truly alone. It not only is something we give to others but also changes me for the better. 8. Why were the hurricane victims grateful to the author? A. He built shelters for them. B. He gave immediate first aid to them. C. He came to stay with them. D. He brought mental health professionals. 9. What did the author do when his friend’s mother passed away? A. He hesitated over whether to go. B. He went to his friend’s at once. C. He knew what to do instantly. D. He decided not to disturb his friend. 10. What does the underlined word “solemn” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Heavy but warm. B. A little sad but cosy. C. Relaxing and delightful. D. Very serious and unhappy. 11. What has the author learned from his experience? A. A friend in need is a friend indeed. B. Being present can make a big difference. C. The family harmony is the happiest thing in life. D. Being a volunteer can make one’s life more significant. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B 【解析】 本文是记叙文。作者从自己的几次经历中体会到了在场的治愈力量，明白了在场陪伴会有很 大的不同。 【8 题详解】 推理判断题。由第一段“Recently I and other Red Cross volunteers met a group of victims from Hurricane Katrina. We were there, as mental health professionals, to offer “psychological first aid” and I was struck by the simple healing power of presence.”(最近，我和其他红十字会志愿者会 见了一群 Katrina 飓风的受害者。我们在那里作为心理健康专家，提供“心理急救”，我被 在场的简单治愈力量所震撼。)可知飓风的受害者对作者表示感激是因为他和他们在一起， 陪伴他们。故选 C。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。由第二段“I was torn about what to do. ”可知朋友的母亲去世了，作者在犹豫 到底去不去，故选 A。 【10 题详解】 词义猜测题。由第三段画线词语的下句“His family, playing guitars and singing, allowed him to be present with them as though he were still fully alive. ”(他的家人弹吉他、唱歌，让他们陪伴 着他，仿佛他仍然充满活力。)可知现场一点都不严肃和悲伤，画线词语 solemn 指的是 very serious and unhappy。故选 D。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。由最后一段“In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence. In it, none of us are truly alone. It not only is something we give to others but also changes me for the better.”(在我的生活中，我不断地被在场的治愈力量所震撼。在其中，我们没有一个人 是真正孤独的。它不仅是我们给予别人的东西，而且使我变得更好。)可知作者从自己的经 历中明白了一个道理，在场会有很大的不同，故选 B。 D It’s half past 2 in the early morning. You’ve been working hard at work and a strong desire for chocolate overcomes you just at this moment. You try to busy yourself to make it go away. But it doesn’t. Here is another situation. Perhaps you are not feeling well. The only thing you want to eat is a big bowl of chicken soup, like your mom used to make when you were sick as a child. Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food. And they are normal. Scientists at the website How Stuff Works compare hunger and cravings this way. Hunger is a fairly simple connection between the stomach and the brain. They even call it simply “stomach hunger”. When our stomachs burn up all of the food we have eaten, a hormone（荷尔蒙）sends a message to one part of the brain for more food, which regulates our most basic body functions such as thirst, hunger and sleep. The brain then produces a chemical to start the appetite and you eat. Hunger is a function of survival. A craving is more complex. It activates（使活跃）brain areas related to emotion, memory and reward. These are the same areas of the brain activated during drug-craving studies. So, some scientists call food cravings “mind hunger”. People often crave foods that are high in fat and sugar. Foods that are high in fat or high in sugar produce chemicals in the brain. These chemicals give us feelings of pleasure. In a 2007 study, researchers at Cambridge University found that “dieting or restricted eating generally increases the possibility of food craving.” So, the more you deny yourself a food that you want, the more you may crave it. However, fasting is a bit different. They found that eating no food at all for a short period of time lessened food cravings. So, the next time you crave something very specific, know that your brain may be more to blame than your stomach. 12. The article begins with two situations in the first paragraph to ______. A. deepen the understanding of hunger B. report the discovery of craving study C. introduce the topic of the whole passage D. remind readers of their own special food 13. What do we learn about food craving? A. It shows food is linked to feelings. B. It ensures a person survives hunger. C. It means the stomach functions well. D. It proves the brain decides your appetite. 14. What’s the likely result of dieting? A. The decrease of chemicals. B. The increase of food desire. C. The refusal of fat and sugar. D. The disappearance of appetite. 15. What does the passage mainly discuss? A. The functions of brain areas. B. What hunger is all about. C. The findings of food craving. D. What dieting may bring us. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食物渴望的定义以及对食物渴望的一些研究发现。 【12 题详解】 推理判断题。第一段中“You’ve been working hard at work and a strong desire for chocolate overcomes you just at this moment.”（你一直在努力工作，此时此刻，对巧克力的强烈渴望压 倒了你。）和“Perhaps you are not feeling well. The only thing you want to eat is a big bowl of chicken soup…”（也许你感觉不舒服。你唯一想吃的就是一大碗鸡汤……）说明在两种情 况下都会产生对食物的渴望，再有下面几段对食物渴望研究发现的介绍可知，文章以这两种 对食物的渴望情况开始，就是为了介绍文章主题。故选 C 项。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。由第三段 “It activates（使活跃）brain areas related to emotion, memory and reward. These are the same areas of the brain activated during drug-craving studies. So, some scientists call food cravings “mind hunger”… Foods that are high in fat or high in sugar produce chemicals in the brain. These chemicals give us feelings of pleasure.”（它激活了大脑中与情感、记忆和奖 励相关的区域。在对药物渴望的研究中，这些区域也是被激活的。因此，一些科学家把对食 物的渴望称为“精神饥饿”……高脂肪或高糖的食物会在大脑中产生化学物质。这些化学物 质给我们快乐的感觉。）可知，食物渴望的研究说明了食物与情感有关。故选 A 项。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。由第四段研究人员的发现“dieting or restricted eating generally increases the possibility of food craving.”（节食或限制饮食通常会增加食物渴望的可能性。）可知，节食 会增加对食物的渴望。故选 B 项。 【15 题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段引起文章主题“Food cravings are a strong desire for a specific type of food.”（ 渴望食物就是对某种食物的强烈欲望。）第二段是“食物渴望与饥饿”，第三段是“食 物渴望与情感”第四段是“食物渴望与节食”， 可知三段的段落中心都是在讨论食物渴望的 研究发现。故选 C 项。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 15 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。 The word “diary” comes from the Latin word “diarium”, which means “daily allowance”. ____16____ And it is used for business notes, planning activities, keeping track of scheduled appointments, or documenting what has already happened. Some doctors suggest that writing in a diary is a god form of self-study. In America, from the 1940s through the 1980s, a diary was thought of mostly as a way to privately express one’s deepest thoughts while keeping notations about the day. ____17____ Many times, movies would show a teenage girl beginning to write in her diary while she said aloud. “Dear diary…”. ____18____ A diary kept by a young German Jewish girl by the name of Anne Frank provides us with invaluable lessons about history, for she documented her experiences while she hid from the Nazis during their occupation of the Netherlands in World War Ⅱ. ____19____ Samuel Pepys, who lived during the 17th century, is the earliest diary keeper that is famous today. His diary is also an important documentation of history, for it gives personal insight（洞察 力）into London’s Great Plague and the Great Fire. His diary is being published on the Internet, and it’s interesting to note that there has been a new entry every day since January of 2003. It will continue over the course of several years to come. ____20____ Today’s electronic version of the diary, the web log or “blog” has once again stretched the diary to be much more than a personal account of the day’s events. A. It refers to a book for writings by date. B. Reading his diary is fascinating, and it makes his life all the more real to us. C. People love to write diaries, so whenever they are free, they will write a few lines. D. Private reflections in diary may have historical significance long after the author’s death. E. Nowadays, the blog has taken the place of the diary and becomes more and more popular. F. Her diary became one of the world’s most widely read books and is the basis for many films. G. In those times, and even continuing on today, writing in a diary was like writing to a special friend. 【答案】16. A 17. G 18. D 19. F 20. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了日记的发展历史及现实意义。 【16 题详解】 下 文 “And it is used for business notes, planning activities, keeping track of scheduled appointments, or documenting what has already happened.”.（它还被用于商务笔记、计划活动、 记录预定的约会或记录已经发生的事情。）”选项在定义日记概念且承接下文日记的用途。故 A 选项“它指的是一本按日期写作的书”语境。it 是关键词。故选 A 项。 【17 题详解】 上文“In America, from the 1940s through the 1980s, a diary was thought of mostly as a way to privately express one’s deepest thoughts while keeping notations about the day.（在美国，从 20 世纪 40 年代到 80 年代，日记大多被认为是一种私下表达自己内心深处想法的方式，同时记 录当天的事情。）”讲述在美国，1940s 到 1980s，日记的作用和特征，选项 G“在那个时代， 甚至在今天，写日记就像给一个特别的朋友写信。”承接上文，是继续表述日记的特征。选 项中 In those times 即指上文 from the 1940s through the 1980s，选项与上文语义逻辑一致。故 选 G 项。 【18 题详解】 下文“A diary kept by a young German Jewish girl by the name of Anne Frank provides us with invaluable lessons about history, for she documented her experiences while she hid from the Nazis during their occupation of the Netherlands in World War Ⅱ.（一个名叫安妮 · 弗兰克的年轻 德国犹太女孩的日记为我们提供了宝贵的历史教训，因为她记录了自己在二战中躲避纳粹占 领荷兰期间的经历。）”以及下一段所举的历史事例都是说明日记深远的历史意义。选项 D“日 记中的个人反思可能在作者死后很长一段时间仍具有历史意义。”位于段首，点明段落主题， 说明日记具有历史意义。故选 D 项。 【19 题详解】 上文“A diary kept by a young German Jewish girl by the name of Anne Frank provides us with invaluable lessons about history, for she documented her experiences while she hid from the Nazis during their occupation of the Netherlands in World War Ⅱ.（一个名叫 Anne Frank 的年轻德国 犹太女孩的日记为我们提供了宝贵的历史教训，因为她记录了自己在二战中躲避纳粹占领荷 兰期间的经历。）”讲述了一个女孩的日记为我们提供的历史教训，选项 F“她的日记成为世 界上最广泛阅读的书籍之一，也是许多电影的基础。”承接上文，讲述她的日记的现实意义。 选项中 Her diary 和上文“A diary kept by a young German Jewish girl……”描述对象一致。故选 F 项。 【20 题详解】 上文“His diary is being published on the Internet, and it’s interesting to note that there has been a new entry every day since January of 2003. It will continue over the course of several years to come.（他的日记正在互联网上发表，有趣的是，自 2003 年 1 月以来，每天都有新的条目出 现。这种趋势将在未来几年内持续下去。）”表述 Samuel Pepys 日记的现实意义，选项 B“阅 读他的日记令人着迷，这使他的生活对我们来说更加真实。”承接上文，继续阐述他的日记 所具有的现实意义。选项中 his diary 和上文 his diary 描述对象一致。故选 B 项。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 55 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A little boy almost thought of himself as the most unfortunate child in the world because a disease made his leg lame(跛的). He___21___played with his classmates. When the teacher asked him to answer questions, he always ___22___his head without a word. One ___23___ the boy’s father asked for some saplings(树苗)from the neighbor. He wanted the ___24___to plant a sapling(树苗) each person in front of the house. The father said, “Whose sapling grows best, I will buy him or her a favorite ___25___” Seeing his brothers and sisters watering the trees , however, the boy had an idea .He hoped that the tree he planted would ___26___ soon. So ,after watering it once or twice, he never ___27___it. A few days later, when the little boy went to see his tree again, he was ___28___ to find that it didn’t fade but grew some fresh leaves. ___29___the trees of his brothers and sisters , his tree was even greener. His father kept his ___30___, bought the little boy his favorite gift and said that from the tree he planted, he would become an outstanding ___31___when he grew up. Since then, the little boy slowly became___32___. One night, he lay on the bed but could not sleep. Then he got up and came to the___33___ To his surprise, his ___34___was splashing(喷 洒)something onto his tree. ___35___, he understood---his father had been ___36___fertilizing(施 肥)his small tree! He returned to his room, ___37___ running down. ___38___passed. The little boy didn’t become a botanist(植物学家)，but he was elected President of the United States. His name was Franklin Roosevelt. Love is the___39___nourishment(营养)of life____40____it is just a drop of clear water, it can still help the tree of life thrive(茁壮成长). 21. A. bravely B. seldom C. freely D. always 22. A. raised B. nodded C. lowered D. knocked 23. A. spring B. moment C. winter D. week 24. A. neighbors B. friends C. children D. boys 25. A. sapling B. tree C. gift D. toy 26. A. die B. grow C. break D. survive 27. A. led to B. attended t C. belonged to D. objected to 28. A. pleased B. upset C. worried D. surprised 29. A. Compared with B. Similar to C. Connected to D. Popular with 30. A. request B. schedule C. promise D. secret 31. A. president B. botanist C. artist D. researcher 32. A. smart B. desperate C. optimistic D. practical 33. A. field B. courtyard C. park D. farm 34. A. brother B. sister C. father D. neighbor 35. A. All of a sudden B. For a moment C. In time D. From then on 36. A. busily B. quietly C. cautiously D. secretly 37. A. water B. tears C. sweat D. rain 38. A. Hours B. Months C. Decades D. Centuries 39. A. last B. only C. least D. best 40. A. Even if B. Now that C. If only D. What if 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. D 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. A 【解析】 本文为记叙文。文章介绍了美国总统罗斯福小时候的故事，爸爸通过种树这件事，用爱帮助 他找回了信心，长大后当选为美国总统，最后成就伟大事业。 【21 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意: 他很少和同学们玩。A. bravely 勇敢地，B．seldom 很少，C．freely 自由地，D．always 总是。根据“A little boy almost thought of himself as the most unfortunate child in the world because a disease made his leg lame.”，可知他很少和同学玩。选 B。 【22 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意: 当老师让他回答问题时，他总是一言不发地低着头。A．raised 抬起，筹集；B．nodded 点头；C.lowered 低下；D.knocked 敲。根据上下文的内容可知，因 为残疾，他缺少自信，所以当老师提问他的时候，他总是低着头不说话。故选 C 项。 【23 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意: 一年春天，男孩的父亲向邻居要了一些树苗。A. spring 春天； B．moment 时刻；C．winter 冬天；D．week 星期。根据“asked for some saplings(树苗)from the neighbor”爸爸向邻居要了些树苗，可知春天是栽树的季节。故选 A。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意: 他让孩子们在房子前面一人种一棵树。A．neighbors 邻居； B．friends 朋友；C．children 孩子；D．boys 男孩。根据“Seeing his brothers and sisters watering the trees”可知，父亲让孩子们在房子前面一人种一棵树。故选 C 项。 【25 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意: 他对孩子们说，谁种的树苗长得最好，就给他/她买一个礼物。 A．sapling 树苗 B．tree 树 C．gift 礼物，D．toy 玩具。根据后文“bought the little boy his favorite gift”可知，谁种的树苗长得最好，就给他/她买一个礼物。故选 C。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意: 因为他的兄弟姐妹们都给树苗浇水，而他行动不便，于是他想出 了一个主意：希望他的树苗赶快“死”去。A．die 死了；B．grow 成长；C．break 打破； D．survive 幸存。因为他的兄弟姐妹们都给树苗浇水，而他行动不便，于是他想出了一个主 意：希望他的树苗赶快死去。以及“So, after watering it once or twice，he never ____ it.”他 希望自己的小树死掉。选 A 。 【27 题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意: 在浇了一两次水以后，他再也不照顾小树了。A．1ed to 导 致；B．attended to 照料；C．belonged to 属于；D．objected to 反对。在浇了一两次水以后， 他再也不照顾小树了。根据常识可知，小树苗需要照顾。选 B。 【28 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 几天后，当小男孩再次去看他的树时，他惊讶地发现树没有凋 谢，而是长出了一些新鲜的叶子。A．pleased 高兴的；B．upset 难过的；C．worried 担心； D．surprised 惊讶。他本以为树苗会枯萎，结果却看到它长得很好，所以他感到吃惊。 故 选 D。 【29 题详解】 考查词组词义辨析。句意: 与他兄弟姐妹的树相比，他的树更绿。A．Compared with 和… 相比；B．Similar to 相似；C．Connected to 连接；D．Popular with 受欢迎。分析语境可知， 他是通过比较得到的了结果：他种的树比兄弟姐妹的更绿。故选 A。 【30 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意: 他的父亲信守诺言，给小男孩买了他最喜欢的礼物，并说，从他 种下的树上可以看出，他长大后会成为一名杰出的植物学家。A．request 要求；B．schedule 时间表；C．promise 许诺；D．goal 目标。根据“bought the little boy his favorite gift”可知， 父亲遵守了他的承诺。可知选 C。 【31 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意: 他的父亲信守诺言，给小男孩买了他最喜欢的礼物，并说，从他 种下的树上可以看出，他长大后会成为一名杰出的植物学家。A．president 总统；B．botanist 植物学家；C．artist 艺术家；D．researcher 研究者。根据“become a botanist”可知，从他种 的树可以看出他会成为杰出的植物学家。故选 B。 【32 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 自从那时起，男孩变得乐观了。A．smart 聪明的；B．desperate 渴望的；C．optimistic 乐观的，D．practical 实用的。因为得到了父亲的表扬，自从那时起， 男孩变得乐观了”，故选 C。 【33 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意: 然后他起来，来到院子里。A．field 田野；B．courtyard 院子； C．park 公园；D.farm 农场。根据上文“in front of the house.”可知，他睡不着，来到 院子里。故选 B。 【34 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意: 令他吃惊的是，他父亲正在往树上泼东西。突然间，他明白了 ——他的父亲一直在秘密地给他的小树施肥！。A. brother 兄弟；B．sister 姐妹；C．father 父 亲；D．neighbor 邻居。根据“his father had been 16 fertilizing his small tree!”可知他的爸 爸在树上撒东西，故选 C。 【35 题详解】 考查介词词组词义辨析。句意: 令他吃惊的是，他父亲正在往树上泼东西。突然间，他明白 了——他的父亲一直在秘密地给他的小树施肥！。A. All of a sudden 突然；B．For a moment 片刻，一会儿；C．In time 及时；D．From then on 从那时起。突然，他明白了他的树苗之 所以长得好，是爸爸一直在给他的树施肥。故选 A 【36 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意: 令他吃惊的是，他父亲正在往树上泼东西。突然间，他明白了 ——他的父亲一直在秘密地给他的小树施肥！。A. busily 繁忙地；B．quietly 安静地； C．cautiously 谨慎地，D．secretly 秘密地。根据上文可知，小男孩没有照顾小树苗，小树 苗去出奇地长得很好，因为这个男孩一直不知道，是爸爸一直在秘密地给小树苗施肥。故选 D。 【37 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意: 他回到自己的房间，泪流满面。A. water 水；B．tears 眼泪，C．sweat 汗水；D．rain 雨水。根据“running down”可知，他回到房间，眼泪流下来，被爸爸的举 动感到了。故选 B 【38 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:几十年过去了。A．Hours 小时；B．Months 月；C．Decades 几 十年；D．Centuries 世纪。一个人的一生应该是几十年时间，以及从后面的“but he was elected President of the United States ”可知从小孩到成为总统，要经过几十年才可以的。因此此处 是指过去了几十年。故选 C。 【39 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 爱是生活中最好的营养。A．1ast 最后的；B．only 唯一的；C．1east 最少的；D．best 最好的。根据语境可知，此处是指爱是生活中最好的营养。故选 D。 【40 题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意: 即使是一滴清水，也能帮助树茁壮成长。A．Even if 即使；B．Now that 既然；C．If only 但愿；D．What if 倘若。此处是指“即使（Even if）是一滴清水，也 能帮助树茁壮成长”。所以本句为让步状语从句。故选 A。 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题 （注意：用 0.5 毫米黑色笔迹签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。） 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 55 分） 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 In many places like Briain and Italy, if you leave the house without be your wallet,you'll be in a tough situation all day. But in China, you can enjoy your day just _____41_____ a smartphone. The other day, I set out ____42____ (see) how far a phone would get me in the country's capital. Admittedly, I was surprised to discover how ____43____ (convenience) it was. I used my phone to call a taxi to meet my Chinese friend, Gu Yu, ____44____ would guide me to get around Beijing. We paid for breakfast by ____45____ (scan) a QR code on the window of a restaurant selling jianbing, one of China's most popular street breakfasts. My purchase cost 6 yuan and ____46____ (take) just a few seconds. At a nearby coffee shop, ____47____ (it) owner scanned a QR code on my phone. As we sipped our coffee, Gu Yu paid her household water bill. She used the same simple process to pay other bills and even her rent. We also paid by phone for movie tickets, takeout food, shopping and for ____48____ (deliver). I have known from Gu Yu that from tiny street stands to large chains, ____49____ huge number of people accept mobile payment, _______50_______ (most) through popular apps Alipay and WeChat. 【答案】41. with 42. to see 43. convenient 44. who 45. scanning 46. took 47. its 48. delivery 49. a 50. mostly 【解析】 文章主要记叙了作者体验中国手机支付的方便性的故事。 【41 题详解】 考查介词。空出所在句的主干部分是完整的， a smartphone 做状语，意思是“用一部智 能手机”，应填 with。故填 with。 【42 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。固定短语 set out to do sth.“打算做某事”，故填 to see。 【43 题详解】 考查形容词。此处为 how 引导的宾语从句，空出做系动词 was 的表语，且前面由 how 修饰 要用形容词。故填 convenient。 【44 题详解】 考查定语从句。本句为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词 my Chinese friend, Gu Yu，且在从句中 做主语，指人，要用 who。故填 who。 【45 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。by 为介词后跟动名词做宾语，故填 scanning。 【46 题详解】 考查动词时态。结合上文 My purchase cost 6 yuan and 可知空处为并列谓语，时态与上文保 持一致用一般过去时，故填 took。 【47 题详解】 考查代词。根据上文 At a nearby coffee shop 可知，句子的主语是这家咖啡店的老板，应用形 容词性物主代词 its 来修饰 owner。故填 its。 【48 题详解】 考查名词。for 后跟名词做宾语，构成短语 for delivery“送货”，故填 delivery。 【49 题详解】 考查固定短语。a huge number of 为固定短语，表示“许多”修饰可数名词复数，故填 a。 【50 题详解】 考查副词。空处做状语，修饰介词短语 through popular apps Alipay and WeChat，故用 mostly 表示“通常；多半”。故填 mostly。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均只限一词； 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 I have been learning English since I am in primary school, but the truth was that I was not so good at listening. No matter how hardly I tried, I couldn’t understand clearly which my English teachers or native speakers said. One day, I was surfing the Internet while an advertisement for English listening drew your attention. To my amaze, it was a website where recording of some well-known books were provided. When see the website, I fell in love it, which turned out to be very useful. Now I have made a progress in listening. 【答案】am→was hardly→hard which→what while→when your→my amaze→amazement recording→recordings see→seeing love 后加 with 去掉 a 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。文中作者讲述了自己学英语过程中听力遇到困难，后来在一次上网时遇到 一则关于提高英语听力的广告，它介绍了一个有众多名著书本录音的网站 ，作者非常喜欢， 利用它进行英语学习，最后听力取得了很大进步。 【详解】考查时态。句意：自从上小学时起，我就一直在学习英语。根据句意及 since 前主 句的现在完成进行时可知，since 后的时间状语从句用一般过去时，故将 am 改为 was。 考查副词。句意：无论我多么努力学习，我就是听不懂英语老师或讲英语的外国人所讲的话。 根据句意可知，作者是尽力尝试，努力学习，应该用 try hard，hardly 是“几乎不”的意思， 不符合句意，故将 hardly 改为 hard。 考查宾语从句。句意：无论我多么努力学习，我就是听不懂英语老师或讲英语的外国人所讲 的话。分析句子结构，这里含有一个宾语从句，根据句意可知，我听不懂他们所讲的内容， 此处 what 作为 said 的宾语，故将 which 改为 what。 考查连词。句意：一天当我正在上网时，突然一则关于提高英语听力的广告吸引了我的注意。 根据句意可知，此处用 when 意思是“当……时”表瞬间的动作，而 while 表示的是“在…… 同时” 后接延续性动词用过去进行时，be doing when 正要做某事时，突然，该用法是固定 用法，故将 while 改为 when。 考查代词。句意：一天当我正在上网时，突然一则关于提高英语听力的广告吸引了我的注意。 根据句意可知，广告吸引了“我的”注意，而不是“你的”注意，故将 your 改为 my。 考查名词。句意：使我惊叹的是，它是一个提供众多名著书本录音的网站。根据句意可知， “使某人惊叹的是”英语短语为 to one's amazement,故将 amaze 改为 amazement。 考查名词的数。句意：使我惊叹的是，它是一个提供众多名著书本录音的网站。根据句意及 后面的谓动词 were 可知，此句主语 recording 要用复数形式，故将 recording 改为 recordings。 考查非谓语动词。句意：当我看到这个网站时，我就喜欢上它了。根据句意可知，此处使用 了连词 when+V-ing 的结构，see 的逻辑主语是后面的 I，两者是主动关系，see 要用现在分 词形式作时间状语，故将 see 改为 seeing。 考查固定短语。句意：当我看到这个网站时，我就喜欢上它了。根据句意可知，此处“喜欢 上，爱上”翻译为“fall in love with”。故在 love 后加 with。 考查固定短语。句意：现在我的听力已经取得进步。根据句意可知，“取得进步”的英语翻译 是“make progress ”, 该短语是固定短语，前面不能加冠词 a,故将 a 去掉。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 52. 假如你是李华，得知你升入心仪的大学，你的英国朋友 Tom 来信祝贺，并希望了解你 的近况。请你给他写一封回信，要点如下： 1.大学留给你的第一印象； 2.开学后发生的一件令你尴尬（惊喜/欣慰）的事情； 3.学习压力较大，你准备全力以赴。 注意：1.词数 100 词左右，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 【答案】Dear Tom, I have received your letter of congratulations. Thanks for caring about me. The university impressed me with its unique beauty, its new facilities and enthusiastic teachers. I feel so fortunate being here. At the same time, I still remember an embarrassing moment when the whole class burst out laughing after my self-introduction. As you know, I was too nervous to notice that the teacher and I shared the same name Li Hua! What a coincidence! With much homework to do and many activities to attend, everybody is put under great pressure. But I will of course go all out to achieve my goals. What about your new semester? Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友 Tom 写一封回信，并在信中说明你升入大 学的近况。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时和一般现在时，少量现在完成时和一般将来时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1.大学留给你的第一印象； 2.开学后发生的一件令你尴尬（惊喜/欣慰）的事情； 3.学习压力较大，你准备全力以赴。 第二步：列提纲 （重点词组） congratulations; care about; impress with; embarrassing; burst out; too…to; under pressure; go all out; look forward to 第三步：连词成句 1. I have received your letter of congratulations. 2. Thanks for caring about me. 3.The university impressed me with its unique beauty, its new facilities and enthusiastic teachers. 4.I still remember an embarrassing moment when the whole class burst out laughing after my self-introduction. 5. I was too nervous to notice that the teacher and I shared the same name Li Hua! 6. With much homework to do and many activities to attend, everybody is put under great pressure. 7. But I will of course go all out to achieve my goals. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 2.表并列补充关系：at the same time 3.表转折对比关系：but 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 【点睛】[高分句型 1] I still remember an embarrassing moment when the whole class burst out laughing after my self-introduction.(灵活运用了 when 引导定语从句) [高分句型 2] With much homework to do and many activities to attend, everybody is put under great pressure.(灵活运用了 with 复合结构在句中做状语)