江苏省南京市六校2021届高三英语上学期期初联考试题（Word版附解析） 23页

‎2021 届高三暑期学情检测试题 英 语 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最住选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍 ‎1.What is the woman going to do?‎ A. Have a coffee B. Clean her house C.Attend a meeting.‎ ‎2. What does the woman ask for?‎ A.A dress of different size. B.A dress of better quality. C.A dress of a bright color.‎ ‎3.What does the man want to do?‎ A.Borrow a ladder. B.Take his leave. C.Clean the roof.‎ ‎4.What will the woman probably do next?‎ A.Go to the man's place. B.Call the Hillsboro Hotel. C.Reserve an exhibition hall.‎ ‎5.Where are the speakers?‎ A.At home. B.In a museum. C.In the city square.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。‎ ‎6.Why has the man hardly seen the woman lately?‎ A. She had a traffic accident B. She moved to another place C She is working unusually hours ‎7.Where does the conversation take place?‎ A.In an office. B.At a bus stop. C.In an apartment.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。‎ ‎8.What does the man have to do now?‎ A.Plan a trip. B.Look for a job. C.Make a decision.‎ ‎9.What docs the woman think of the journey to South America?‎ A.Dangerous. B.Exciting. C.Expensive.‎ ‎10.What advice does the woman give to the man?‎ A. Going abroad. B. Staying at home. C. Opening a bookstore.‎ ‎11. What is the radio program for?‎ A Sharing personal feelings. B.Discussing language skills. C.Promoting community service.‎ ‎12.What is the second point Prof.Sheffield mentioned A.To give details and facts. B.To introduce main ideas. C.To conclude the article.‎ ‎13. What makes an excellent article according to Prof.Sheffield A.Formal language. B.Detailed facts. C.Personal style.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17题。‎ ‎14.What are the speakers mainly talking about?‎ A.A summer job. B.A birthday party. C.A food company.‎ ‎15.What does the man's company do?‎ A.Design furniture. B.Organize concerts. C.Offer food services.‎ ‎16.What will the man do before the party?‎ A.Set tables. B.Cook food. C.Play music.‎ ‎17.What does the woman think of the man's work?‎ A.Difficult. B.Interesting. C.Valuable.‎ 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20题。‎ ‎18.What do the Hoffmans do for a living?‎ A.They are gardeners. B.They sell vegetable: C.They run a guesthouse.‎ ‎19.How much direct sunshine do tomato plants actually need 'every day?‎ A.Five hours. B.Eight hours. C.Twelve hours.‎ ‎20.Why do Irish potatoes grow better in the shade?‎ A.They have deeper roots. B.They have wider leaves. C.They have bigger flowers.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Several years ago,our family rented a house that had a basement apartment under ours.The young couple who lived below us were quiet and modest.Their dog,however,was not. ‎ Cody was an outgoing black dog with a big tail.He loved to greet us by planting his huge paws on our chest.Our dog Tasha has a similar characteristic.Because she shared the yard with Cody,they soon became good friends.‎ We often saw a ball of black and white fur as they raced neck and neck toward some unlucky ‎ bird that had just landed in the yard.The only time I saw any conflict between the two dogs was when we fed Tasha Cody would jump up.expecting to share Tasha's food.HoweverTasha would bark fiercely.Cody would change his strategy,dropping to his belly and moving slowly toward Tasha's dish.But this friendly behavior did not impress Tasha . The closer Cody got,the louder Tasha shouted.Finally.Cody would slip away with his tail between his legs-until next mealtime. Then Cody,ever the optimist,would replay the scene.with the same disappointing conclusion One day my husband Jeff came home quite upset .He had just found Cody lying by the side of the road.killed by a speeding truck.Tasha cleaned Cody' s smooth black fur with her nose and mouth and whined(R).Over the next few weeks.Tasha was in low spirits with her tail between her legs.She obviously missed her old friend.‎ At the same timeTasha's dish disappeared.We replaced it with another,only to have that one disappear as well.There followed a steady succession(连续）of bowls,plates,even an old coffee can.They all disappeared Finally,the mystery was solved when our neighbor knocked on our door,her arms loaded with the missing dishes,some still half-full of dog food.‎ ‎＂Are these yours?"she asked.When Jeff and I nodded,she explained,"l saw Tasha headed toward the road,so I followed her.Then I noticed all these dishes in a pile."‎ Puzzled,I asked,"Where were they?"‎ ‎“Well,you know,"she answered thoughtfully,Fit was right by the place where Cody died. Isn't that strange?Surely Tasha couldn't..."Her voice turned down in confusion.‎ Jeff and I exchanged glances.Has Tasha been begging her old friend back by offering him the one thing she refused to give him when he was alive?Even today,retelling the story makes me feel sad.It raises questions about animal’s intelligence and emotions.It also reminds me that I need to share whatever blessings I've received with others---before it's too late.‎ ‎1. We can learn from the passage that Tasha A. was an outgoing white dog B. lived in a basement apartment C. was pot friendly to the young couple D. was the enemy of Cody due to the yard ‎2. A dog often feels disappointed or sad when A. dropping to the belly B. barking fiercely C. putting the tail between legs D. cleaning fur with its mouth ‎3. In the author's opinion,why did Tasha move its food away?‎ A. Because it wanted to hide it for herself.‎ B. Because it wanted to hide it for Cody.‎ C. Because it wanted to show Cody what it had.‎ D. Because it wanted Cody to come back to life.‎ ‎【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。本文通过讲述作者家的狗不与邻居家的狗分享食物，到邻居家的狗死后，作者家的狗后悔的表现，来阐述一个道理，我们需要趁还来得及的时候与他人分享美好的东西。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的前两句Cody was an outgoing black dog with a big tail. He loved to greet us by planting his huge paws on our chest. Our dog Tasha has a similar characteristic. 科迪是一只外向的黑狗，长着一条大尾巴。它喜欢把它巨大的爪子搭在我们的胸前来迎接我们。我们的狗塔莎也有类似的特点。再根据第三段第一句We often saw a ball of black and white fur as they raced neck and neck toward some unlucky bird that had just landed in the yard. 我们经常看到一团黑色和白色的毛，因为它们肩并肩一起跑向刚落在院子里的倒霉鸟。由此可知Tasha是一条性格开朗的白色的狗，故选A。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段Over the next few weeks. Tasha was in low spirits with her tail between her legs. She obviously missed her old friend. 在接下来的几周。塔莎垂头丧气，两腿夹着尾巴。她显然很想念她的老朋友。由此可知，狗伤心的时候两腿夹着尾巴，故选C。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句Has Tasha been begging her old friend back by offering him the one thing she refused to give him when he was alive? ‎ 塔莎是不是一直在求她的老朋友回来，把他活着时她拒绝给他的东西给他? 虽然这是个问句，但根据下文Even today ,retelling the story makes me feel sad. It raises questions about animal’s intelligence and emotions. 即使在今天，复述这个故事也让我感到悲伤。它提出了关于动物的智力和情感的问题，可知问句表达的意思是肯定的，由此判断出， Tasha 想让Cody 复活。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】一般定位关键词适用于解答细节理解题。通过定位关键词解题，考生在阅读题干时，把题干中有标记意义的词或词组划记出来，或者选项中的关键词，然后用这个词回到原文当中定位。如小题1题干中的Tasha，定位回原文，可以帮助快速找出答案。根据文章第二段的前两句Cody was an outgoing black dog with a big tail. He loved to greet us by planting his huge paws on our chest. Our dog Tasha has a similar characteristic. 科迪是一只外向的黑狗，长着一条大尾巴。它喜欢把它巨大的爪子搭在我们的胸前来迎接我们。我们的狗塔莎也有类似的特点。再根据第三段第一句We often saw a ball of black and white fur as they raced neck and neck toward some unlucky bird that had just landed in the yard. 我们经常看到一团黑色和白色的毛，因为它们肩并肩一起跑向刚落在院子里的倒霉鸟。由此可知Tasha是一条性格开朗的白色的狗，故选A。‎ B It is practically inevitable: sometime around the age of 40 people start to need reading glasses. Try as they might, there’s no avoiding it. One mobile app creator claims that practicing with their technology can train your eyes to see better.though some eye doctors are not sure.‎ The reason why many people eventually need reading glasses is that the lens (晶状体) of the eye loses flexibility with age, and has trouble focusing on nearby objects. The condition is called presbyopia (老花眼), which is just a natural side effect of aging.‎ The first app claiming to work out the solution is called GlassesOff. First you take a test given by the app, and then follow its customized training course. Three days a week, for 12-15 minutes, you’ll go through a series of visual exercises, such as recognizing small gray letters on a gray screen. After two or three months, it claims that you can kiss your reading glasses goodbye.‎ ‎“We wanted to develop an application that can help people improve their reading ability by improving the way that the brain processes information.” says GlassesOff CEO Nimrod Madar. Until recently it wasn’t possible because scientists did not understand how the image processing capability of the brain actually works. “GlassesOff comes up with the idea of neuroplasticity (神经可塑性). Studies have shown that through training new connections can be made in the brain So that ‎ it can continue adapting to the world around us. In terms of vision, this means that through training, the brain may be able to form new connections that allow it to clearly process text even when the text is blurred by aging eyes.‎ In a 30-person study published in Scientific Reports in February, some participants were able to read letters 1.6 times smaller after using the app. Adults aged 40 to 60 years old had the most success. The study also found that the users’ eye health improved by an average of 8.6 years.‎ Sounds too good to be true? Well, it probably is. “Human vision quality is determined by the physical eye and the way he brain reads the information that the eye captures,” says Rhee, a doctor from Harvard‎ ‎University. “To think that we can reverse (逆转) presbyopia only by neuroplasticity is just not accurate.” It might not make a huge difference in terms of fighting presbyopia, but brain training could make a difference for younger people whose eyes are still more flexible.‎ ‎4. Which of the following is NOT true about presbyopia?‎ A. It is actually a natural phenomenon of aging of human eyes.‎ B. People tend to suffer form it when they reach the age of 40.‎ C. It can be prevented by means of proper eye muscle exercising.‎ D. It occurs when eyes fail to focus on nearby objects well.‎ ‎5. GlassesOff may improve people’s reading ability by________.‎ A. helping people stay away from presbyopia B. reducing the negative effects of aging on eyes C. making the text that people read larger than normal D. training the brain to process visual information better ‎6. The fourth paragraph mainly tell us_______.‎ A. the principle on which GlassesOff works B. why researchers came up with Glassesoff C. how training makes new connections in our brain D. now our brain processes the information that our eyes take in ‎7. What is Rhee’s attitude towards GlassesOff?‎ A. Optimistic. B. Negative. C. Doubtful. D. Unconcerned.‎ ‎【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了GlassesOff，一款App是怎样通过改善大脑处理信息的方式来帮助人们提高阅读能力的。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句It is practically inevitable: sometime around the age of 40 people start to need reading glasses.(这几乎是不可避免的：大约在40岁左右，人们开始需要老花镜)和第二段The reason why many people eventually need reading glasses is that the lens (晶状体) of the eye loses flexibility with age, and has trouble focusing on nearby objects. The condition is called presbyopia (老花眼), which is just a natural side effect of aging.(许多人最终需要老花镜的原因是，随着年龄的增长，眼睛的晶状体失去了灵活性，并且难以聚焦于附近的物体。这种情况被称为老花眼，这只是衰老的自然副作用)可以判断ABD都是正确的，而C说可以通过适当的眼部肌肉锻炼来阻止老花眼，这是错误的，因为老花眼随着年龄的增长是不可避免的，故选C。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“We wanted to develop an application that can help people improve their reading ability by improving the way that the brain processes information.” says GlassesOff CEO Nimrod Madar.(“我们想开发一款应用程序，通过改善大脑处理信息的方式来帮助人们提高阅读能力。”GlassesOff首席执行官尼姆罗德•马达尔说)可知，GlassesOff通过训练大脑更好地处理视觉信息来改善人们的阅读能力。故选D。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。本段的主题句“We wanted to develop an application that can help people improve their reading ability by improving the way that the brain processes information.” says GlassesOff CEO Nimrod Madar. (“我们想开发一款应用程序，通过改善大脑处理信息的方式来帮助人们提高阅读能力。”GlassesOff首席执行官尼姆罗德•马达尔说)可知，本段就是在介绍GlassesOff这款App的工作原理。故选A。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段Sounds too good to be true? Well, it probably is. “Human vision quality is determined by the physical eye and the way he brain reads the information that the eye captures,” says Rhee, a doctor from Harvard‎ ‎University. “To think that we can reverse (逆转 ‎) presbyopia only by neuroplasticity is just not accurate.”可知，听起来好得令人难以置信?嗯，它可能是。哈佛大学的博士Rhee说：“人类的视觉质量是由肉眼和大脑读取眼睛捕捉到的信息的方式决定的。”“认为仅仅通过神经可塑性就可以逆转老花眼是不准确的。”由此可知，看出Rhee对这款App持有怀疑的态度。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】一般定位关键词适用于解答细节理解题。通过定位关键词解题，考生在阅读题干时，把题干中有标记意义的词或词组划记出来，或者选项中的关键词，然后用这个词回到原文当中定位。如小题1题干中的presbyopia，定位回原文，可以帮助快速找出答案。根据文章第一段第一句It is practically inevitable: sometime around the age of 40 people start to need reading glasses.(这几乎是不可避免的：大约在40岁左右，人们开始需要老花镜)和第二段The reason why many people eventually need reading glasses is that the lens (晶状体) of the eye loses flexibility with age, and has trouble focusing on nearby objects. The condition is called presbyopia (老花眼), which is just a natural side effect of aging.(许多人最终需要老花镜的原因是，随着年龄的增长，眼睛的晶状体失去了灵活性，并且难以聚焦于附近的物体。这种情况被称为老花眼，这只是衰老的自然副作用)可以判断ABD都是正确的，而C说可以通过适当的眼部肌肉锻炼来阻止老花眼，这是错误的，因为老花眼随着年龄的增长是不可避免的，故选C。‎ C The U.S.has more than 4,000 wild bee species,and many are in danger of dying out due to human activity,chemical overuse and climate change.In Colorado,the Girl Scout troops(童子军团)have take on the task of saving bees.They made tiny homes for wild bees called"bee hotels" to fight the big drop in the population of bees.‎ Bee hotels are like birdhouses for wild bees.Since wild bees don't make honey,they don't live in the containers for bees,but they always need a suitable habitat(栖息地）.Out in the wild, these bees often live holes of dead trees and broken branches.But natural habitats can be hard to come by in the developed areas,which are where bee hotels come in.Dennis vanEngelsdrop,a professor at the University of Maryland,says that bee hotels play an important role in keeping the wild bee population.When wild bees check out of their hotel rooms,they leave their kids behind. A wild bee produces her eggs and leaves food for them to eat.If built correctly,bee hotels can even attract new bee species.‎ The troops repurposed carboard boxes,paper pipes,etc.to create homes for bees in their local community.A hotel design can be as simple as paper pipes stuck into a box.After building their bee ‎ hotels,the girls went out to place them in green pockets of their community,such as community gardens."The most interesting thing I learned is when you think of bees,you just think of honeybees,but there are so many different types,"says Aimee,a Girl Scout.Working with bees can be a daunting task.Many children only know them from the pain of bites.But the Girl Scouts learned to overcome their fears."It was hard for me to go to look at the bees,"says another girl."I'm glad I' did.We need bees for food and flowers.”‎ Bees are a big deal in the world of plant reproduction.They move pollen(花粉）from one plant to another.While honeybees live communally,most bee species are wild and live on their own.Honeybees may be better known,but wild bees are important pollinators(授花粉者）too.‎ The bee hotel project also plays an important role in bringing up a new generation of responsible citizens."What you're seeing is that you need bees to survive;so who is better to be concerned about that than the young generation?"vanEngelsdrop says."These efforts are really good because hopefully the girls will show lifelong devotion to the preservation."‎ ‎8. What might be the purpose of bee hotels?‎ A. Te store the pollen wild bees have collected.‎ B. To attract more bees a to the developed area.‎ C. To make bees to live together as a community.‎ D. To offer wild bees a place to live and produce young.‎ ‎9. Which is the closest in meaning to the underlined word"daunting"in the third paragraph?‎ A. Tiring B. Confusing C. Frightening D. Moving ‎10. What is the main idea of the text?‎ A. Wild bees can enjoy a good life thanks to bee hotels B. The Girl Scout save wild bees by building bee hotels.‎ C. The bee hotel project makes young girls responsible.‎ D. More and more bees are provided with natural habitats.‎ ‎【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述美国的野生蜜蜂，面临灭绝的危险，女童子军承担了拯救蜜蜂的任务，为野生蜜蜂建造 “蜜蜂旅馆”，去应对蜜蜂数量的大幅下降。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段Out in the wild, these bees often live holes of dead trees and broken branches. But natural habitats can be hard to come by in the developed areas, which are where bee hotels come in. Dennis van Engelsdrop, a professor at the University‎ of ‎Maryland, says that bee hotels play an important role in keeping the wild bee population. When wild bees check out of their hotel rooms, they leave their kids behind. A wild bee produces her eggs and leaves food for them to eat. 根据在野外，这些蜜蜂经常生活在死树和断树枝的洞里。但是在发达地区很难找到自然栖息地，蜜蜂旅馆就在那里出现。马里兰大学的教授Dennis van Engelsdrop说，蜜蜂旅馆在保持野生蜜蜂数量方面起着重要的作用。当野蜂离开他们的旅馆房间时，他们把他们的孩子留在了后面。野蜂产卵并留下食物给它们吃。由此可以推断bee hotels就是给野蜂提供住和繁殖的地方，故选D。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据下文Many children only know them from the pain of bites. But the Girl Scouts learned to overcome their fears. 许多孩子只是在被咬的时候才知道它们。但是女童子军学会了克服她们的恐惧。由此可以推断上文应是和蜜蜂一起工作应该是挺恐怖的，由此可知daunting和frightening同义，故选C。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。文章第一段就是主题段The U.S. has more than 4,000 wild bee species, and many are in danger of dying out due to human activity, chemical overuse and climate change. In Colorado, the Girl Scout troops(童子军团)have taken on the task of saving bees. They made tiny homes for wild bees called" bee hotels" to fight the big drop in the population of bees. 通过概括可知，文章主要讲述美国的野生蜜蜂，面临灭绝的危险，女童子军承担了拯救蜜蜂的任务，为野生蜜蜂建造 “蜜蜂旅馆”，去应对蜜蜂数量的大幅下降。B选项概括了主题大意，故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】主旨大意题的解题方法之一就是，主题句定位法。找文章中心思想的方法是：通过分析篇章结构，找出每一小段的主题句，然后通过寻找共同点，找出整个文章的主题句，这是找准文章主题大意的关键。主题句是文章的核心，它往往是一个有很强概括性和代表性的句子。找到了文章的主题句，文章的中心思想也就显而易见了。但是由于文章表现手法各不相同，主题句出现的位置也不尽相同。在多数情况下，尤其在说明文和议论文中，主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种：开头、文中和文末。解题时，我们通常采用浏览的方式，仔细选读文章的首尾段和首尾句（包括每一段的首尾句），重点搜索主题线索和脉络。例如小题3‎ ‎，文章第一段就是主题段The U.S. has more than 4,000 wild bee species, and many are in danger of dying out due to human activity, chemical overuse and climate change. In Colorado, the Girl Scout troops(童子军团)have taken on the task of saving bees. They made tiny homes for wild bees called" bee hotels" to fight the big drop in the population of bees. 通过概括可知，文章主要讲述美国的野生蜜蜂，面临灭绝的危险，女童子军承担了拯救蜜蜂的任务，为野生蜜蜂建造 “蜜蜂旅馆”，去应对蜜蜂数量的大幅下降。B选项概括了主题大意，故选B。‎ 第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项，‎ Concerts should be a fun and enjoyable occasion for everyone attending them,including the musicians.No matter what type of concert one is attending,he is still expected to follow the rules concert etiquette(礼仪）. ___11___‎ Classical music concerts are often events where concert etiquette is considered to be very important.One should generally arrive a few minutes before the show starts,so he can be in his seat at the beginning of the first musical performance.If he arrives late,it may be considered rude to walk in and take his seat in the middle of a musical performance.___12___In this way,he will not influence other audiences while the music is being played.‎ ‎___13___Take jazz concerts for example.People are usually not criticized for making a small amount of noise,as long as it is not troubling other audiences.For example,they may talk quietly during a performance.‎ Rock and heavy metal concert etiquette is very relaxed. ___14___ However,audiences are still expected to show some good manners during a performance.Also,rock concerts are often very crowded,particularly in the areas surrounding the stage.___15___ But one should still pay attention to his surroundings.Stepping on someone's foot repeatedly may cause a fight as well.‎ A. This will usually be announced before the concert begins.‎ B. Instead,he should wait for one song to end before taking his seat.‎ C. Rock concert goerson the other hand,can usually get a little louder.‎ D. People are not usually discouraged from talking at these types of concerts.‎ E. In large groups of people like this,it is not unusual to touch others at times.‎ F. Concert etiquette for other types of concerts is usually a little more relaxed.‎ G. And the concert etiquette can be different,depending on what type of concert it is.‎ ‎【答案】11. G 12. B 13. F 14. D 15. E ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种不同种类的演唱会的礼仪。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 根据上文No matter what type of concert one is attending, he is still expected to follow the rules concert etiquette(礼仪)（无论参加哪种类型的音乐会，他都应该遵守规则的音乐会礼仪。）以及下文中提到的Classical music concerts，Take jazz concerts for example和Rock and heavy metal concert可知，文章主要讲述了几种不同类型的音乐会礼仪。设空处承上启下，起过渡作用，G项：And the concert etiquette can be different, depending on what type of concert it is.（音乐会的礼仪也会因音乐会类型的不同而有所不同。）符合语境。故选G。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 根据上文If he arrives late,it may be considered rude to walk in and take his seat in the middle of a musical performance.（如果他迟到了，在音乐表演中走进他的座位上坐下会被认为是不礼貌的。）和下文In this way,he will not influence other audiences while the music is being played.（这样，在播放音乐时，他将不会影响其他观众。）可知，设空处与上文形成转折关系，讲述迟到以后应该遵守的礼仪。B项：Instead,he should wait for one song to end before taking his seat.（相反，他应该等一首歌结束后再坐下。）符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 设空处是段落主题句。根据下文Take jazz concerts for example.People are usually not criticized for making a small amount of noise,as long as it is not troubling other audiences（就以爵士音乐会为例。人们通常不会因为制造少量噪音而受到批评，只要不打扰其他观众就行。）可知，此处提到的是另外一种类型的音乐会礼仪，与古典音乐会相比，它会比较轻松。F项：Concert etiquette for other types of concerts is usually a little more relaxed.（其他类型的音乐会礼仪通常要轻松一些。）符合语境。故选F。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 根据上文Rock and heavy metal concert etiquette is very relaxed.（摇滚和重金属音乐会的礼仪是非常放松的。）可知，设空处与上文形成解释说明关系，进一步说明如何让人们感到放松。D项：People are not usually discouraged from talking at these types of concerts.（人们通常不会被劝阻在这类音乐会上讲话。）符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 根据上文Also, rock concerts are often very crowded, particularly in the areas surrounding the stage.（此外，摇滚音乐会通常非常拥挤，尤其是在舞台周围的区域。）可知，设空处与人多的时候的处理方式有关，E项：In large groups of people like this, it is not unusual to touch others at times.（在一大群像这样的人当中，有时触摸别人是很正常的。）符合语境，故选E。‎ 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分45分）‎ 第一节（共20题，每小题1分，满分20分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Nothing can quite compare to the bitter dryness that filled my mouth as I stood still,stuck between the edge of a desk and a teacher's arm,having ___16___ my own name.‎ ‎"Hey,"said the girl standing next to me,whose name I couldn't recall ___17___."Don't worry, Take your time."And so I did.But speaking a few syllables(音节）I'd learned that day unclearly was not a(n)___18___ pronunciation of my new Chinese name.The teacher smiled at me awkwardly, ___19___ that I was completely off.In case I said something more embarrassing in my ___20___,I chose to keep silent.The teacher moved on to the next student.‎ So went my first day of the STARTALK Chinese language and culture program,a month and a half of the summer Mandarin ___21___in the heart of Manhattan.Learning was ___22___at first.I knew little about Mandarin tonalities(音调）. I ___23___ for it mainly because my goal was to work ___24___,and in order to do that,I wanted to ____25____ one of the most widely spoken languages in the world.‎ Learning Spanish in school had been easy,____26____my fluency in French had provided a life jacket for me to sail through the waters of another Romance language.The first day of Mandarin,however,was like____27____ straight into the deep end of the pool,and I had to try to ____28____‎ As the classes went on,I slowly found that I was making ____29____.Just as my 10 years of playing the piano had allowed me to____30____ for others,I knew that the STARTALK program would help me to ____31____what I wanted as long as I wouldn't ____32____ from it easily.As the teachers helped me ____33____ the confidence to not only present in front of the class,but talk to people such as museum-goers and waiters,I soon began tasting the sweetness I had been____34____.‎ So what did my summer really taste like?It tasted like the Chinese food that,for the first time,I did not____35____in English.‎ ‎16. A. doubted B. ignored C. refused D. forgotten ‎17. A. still B. either C. often D. yet ‎18. A. adequate B. sincere C. formal D. regular ‎19. A. complaining B. indicating C. appreciating D. pretending ‎20. A. heart B. duty C. turn D. conclusion ‎21. A. curriculum B. institution C. theme D. arrangement ‎22 A. abstract B. rigid C. rough D. casual ‎23. A. allowed B. accounted C. applied D. answered ‎24. A. civilly B. effectively C. confidently D. globally ‎25. A. talk about B. pick up C. think of D. get on ‎26. A. while B. though C. since D. or ‎27. A. falling B. sitting C. looking D. swimming ‎28. A. scream B. flow C. recover D. float ‎29. A. exceptions B. connections C. contributions D. presentations ‎30. A. provide B. stand C. prepare D. perform ‎31. A. obtain B. seek C. challenge D. conquer ‎32. A. discourage B. prohibit C. withdraw D. defend ‎33. A. evaluate B. express C. share D. strengthen ‎34. A. desiring B. foreseeing C. plotting D. ‎ assuming ‎35. A. offer B. order C. share D. supply ‎【答案】16. D 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. C 21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章详细地描述了作者第一次学习普通话的感受，在老师和同学的鼓励下慢慢地取得了进步，体验到了学习普通话的快乐。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有什么可以和我口中苦涩干燥的感觉相比，我站在桌子边缘和老师的手臂之间一动不动，忘记了自己的名字。A. doubted怀疑；B. ignored无视；C. refused拒绝；D. forgotten遗忘。结合下一句的recall可知，作者站在那里忘记了如何用普通话说自己的名字了。故选D项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：站在我旁边的那个女孩说，“嘿！”，而她的名字我也不记得了。A. still仍然；B. either也；C. often经常；D. yet还，仍然。作者忘记如何用普通话说自己的名字了，更别说其他人了，因此也无法用普通话想起他人的名字了。故选B项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是那天我说出的几个模糊的音节并不能足够说出我的新中文名字。A. adequate足够的；B. sincere真诚的；C. formal正式的；D. regular定期的。因为第一天学习普通话，因此作者学会的那几个音节并不能完全足够地让作者说出自己的中文名字。故选A项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师尴尬地对我微笑着，表明我完全地无法说出自己的名字了。A. complaining抱怨；B. indicating表示，表明；C. appreciating感激，欣赏；D. pretending假装。老师通过微笑向作者示意来表明作者当时因为没能掌握好发音的音节，从而出现尴尬局促的场面。故选B项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：以防在轮到我时说出令人尴尬的话，我选择保持沉默。A. heart心脏；B. duty职责；C. turn轮流；D. conclusion 结论。作者保持沉默是为了不想在轮到自己时再说出令人尴尬的话语。故选C项。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我参加STARTALK中国语言和文化计划的第一天就这样过去了，这个夏季普通话课程在曼哈顿中心持续一个半月。A. curriculum课程；B. institution机构；C. theme主题；D. arrangement安排。根据STARTALK Chinese language and culture program可知，作者通过报名参加普通话培训课程来学习普通话。故选A项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先是艰难的学习。A. abstract抽象的；B. rigid严格的，僵硬的；C. rough粗糙的，艰难的；D. casual随便的。作者对普通话的音调知之甚少，因此起初学习是很艰难的。故选C项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我之所以申请这门课程，主要是因为我的目标是在全球工作，为此，我想学会世界上使用最广泛的语言之一。A. allowed允许；B. accounted视为，解释，导致；C. applied应用，申请；D. answered回答。作者学习普通话，因此申请了培训课程，apply for：申请。故选C项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我之所以申请这门课程，主要是因为我的目标是在全球工作，为此，我想学会世界上使用最广泛的语言之一。A. civilly民法上，法律上；B. effectively有效地；C. confidently自信地；D. globally全球地。本句提到汉语是使用最广泛的语言之一，因此选择globally合乎语境。故选D项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我之所以申请这门课程，主要是因为我的目标是在全球范围内工作，为此，我想学会世界上使用最广泛的语言之一。A. talk about谈论；B. pick up捡起，学会；C. think of想到；D. get on取得进展。作者想要让自己选择工作的范围尽可能广泛，因此学习世界上使用最广泛的语言之一。pick up a language：学会某种语言。故选B项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。句意：在学校学习西班牙语很容易，因为我流利的法语为我提供了救生衣，让我可以在另一种 罗曼斯语的水里航行。A. while当……时候；B. though虽然；C. since因为，自从；D. or或者。西班牙语和法语有相似之处，因此作者因为法语的熟练从而使自己的西班牙的学习变得容易。故选C项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是学习普通话的第一天就像是掉进了游泳池的深处，我不得不尽全力飘浮起来。A. falling摔倒，掉进；B. sitting坐着；C. looking看；D. swimming游泳。根据 straight into the deep end of the poo可知，however表示转折，因此作者这里想要表达的是：学习普通话像掉入了游泳池的深水区，表示最初困难重重。故选A项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是学习普通话的第一天就像是掉进了游泳池的深处，我不得不尽全力飘浮起来。A. scream尖叫；B. flow流动；C. recover恢复；D. float漂浮。作者学习普通话像掉入了游泳池的深水区，因此作者要尽力地使自己漂浮起来，意为最初学习普通话遇到了重重困难，很是挣扎。故选D项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着上课的进行，我慢慢发现自己正在建立联系。A. exceptions例外；B. connections联系；C. contributions贡献；D. presentations陈述。作者将学习普通话和学钢琴做比较，练习钢琴多年让自己能够为别人表演，即随着课程的推移，作者逐渐地学会了一些普通话，这两件事有着一定的联系。make connections：建立联系，联系起来。故选B项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像我弹钢琴的十年使我能够为他人表演一样，我知道只要我不放弃，STARTALK课程将帮助我获得我想要的东西。A. provide提供；B. stand站立；C. prepare准备；D. perform表演。作者将学习普通话和学钢琴做比较，练习钢琴多年让自己能够为别人表演，即随着课程的推移，作者逐渐地学会了一些普通话。故选D项。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像我弹钢琴的十年使我能够为他人表演一样，我知道只要我不放弃，STARTALK课程将帮助我获得我想要的东西。A. obtain获得；B. seek寻求；C. challenge挑战；D. conquer征服。作者学习普通话遇到困难，作者知道只要不放弃，还是可以获得了自己想要的东西。故选A项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像我弹钢琴的十年使我能够为他人表演一样，我知道只要我不放弃，STARTALK课程将帮助我获得我想要的东西。A. discourage劝阻；B. prohibit禁止；C. withdraw撤退，撤回；D. defend 防守。作者学习普通话遇到困难，但还是获得了自己想要的东西，这是凭借着坚持不懈才取得的进步。故选C项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于老师们的帮助，我不仅增强了在全班面前展示自己的信心，而且我可以与博物馆参观者和服务人员交谈，我很快就感受到自己一直以来所渴望的甜蜜。A. evaluate评估；B. express表达；C. share分享；D. strengthen加强。根据helped me以及the confidence 客户，老师在作者学习普通话的过程中起到了积极的作用，即老师为作者加油鼓劲，增强作者的信心。故选D项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于老师们的帮助，我不仅增强了在全班面前展示自己的信心，而且我可以与博物馆参观者和服务人员交谈，我很快就感受到自己一直以来所渴望的甜蜜。A. desiring期望；B. foreseeing预见；C. plotting暗中策划，标出；D. assuming假设。作者学习普通话遇到困难，但是在老师的帮助下，作者取得了进步，体验到了快乐，这是作者所期待的。故选A项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它就像中国食物一样，这是我第一次没有用英语来点菜。A. offer提供；B. order订购；C. share分享；D. supply供应。根据It tasted like the Chinese food tha可知，作者坚持不懈学习普通话并取得了进步，能够用普通话来订购中国的食物。从中作者体验到了快乐。故选B项。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Food production is the course of changing raw ingredients into prepared food products.Food production includes industries___36___take raw food products and change them into items that can be sold in the market.Home food production includes ____37____(change)into forms for long-term storage.‎ The food production industry takes fruits,vegetables and grains directly in their harvested farms and _____38_____(make)these food into the types of food products that are available for sale in supermarkets.Food production includes both simple processes,such as cleaning and packaging, ___39___complex processes like adding different ingredients and artificial things.Food production processes create products with _____40_____(long)shelf lives than raw food ingredients.‎ Some food production skills,like smoking and salting meats for long-term storage,go back ‎ ‎___41___prehistoric times.In the 19th century,canning ______42______(become)a popular method food production.Home cooks sometimes use traditional food production skills ____43____(produce)food for their families. ‎ Food production skills make food products have long shelf lives,they also have disadvantages. During high-temperature processing,for example,raw foods lose nutrients.Food production industries also add artificial colors to make food ____44____(attract).Although governments test all these artificial things,many people question _____45_____ it is totally safe to use them too much in food.‎ ‎【答案】36. that/which ‎ ‎37. changing ‎ ‎38. makes 39. and ‎ ‎40. longer 41. to ‎ ‎42. became 43. to produce ‎ ‎44. attractive ‎ ‎45. whether/if ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述食品生产的过程和特点。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：食品生产包括将未加工的食品加工成可在市场上出售的产品的工业。分析句子可知，空后面的句子为定语从句，先行词是industries，在从句中作主语，既可以用that，又可以用which，故填that/which。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动名词。句意：家庭食品生产包括转换成长期储存的形式。分析句子可知，空中的词作includes的宾语，应用动名词形式，故填changing。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。句意：食品生产行业直接从收获的农场中获取水果、蔬菜和谷物，并将这些食品加工成可在超市中销售的食品类型。分析句子可知，空中的词和takes在句子中作并列谓语，主语第三人称，谓语动词加s，故填makes。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：食品生产既包括简单的过程，如清洁和包装，也包括复杂的过程，如添加不同的成分和人工制品。分析句子可知，前后两句互为并列关系，故填and。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查形容词比较级。句意：食品生产过程产生的产品保质期比食品原料要长。分析句子可知，文章中标志词than，代表前后两部分进行比较，应用比较级的形式，故填longer。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。句意：一些食品生产技术，如熏制和腌制肉类以长期储存，可以追溯到史前时代。短语go back to意为“追溯到”，故填to。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。句意：在19世纪，罐装成为一种流行的食品生产方法。分析句子可知，空中的词是谓语动词，根据时间状语In the 19th century，应用一般过去时，故填became。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查不定式。句意：家庭厨师有时使用传统的食物制作技术为他们的家人制作食物。分析句子可知，空中的词在句中作目的状语，应用不定式，故填to produce。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查词性转换。句意：食品生产行业还添加人工色素，使食品更具吸引力。分析句子可知，空中的词做make的宾语补足语，应用形容词形式，故填attractive。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：尽管政府检验了所有这些人造物质，但许多人质疑在食品中过多使用它们是否完全安全。分析句子可知，空后面的句子为宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，缺少是否的意思，故填whether/if。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节 应用文写作（满發15分）‎ ‎46. 行起学生会主席李华，上周你校来了一批英国的交换生，为了帮助他们更好地学习汉语，你校刘老师准备开一个进座，请你根据以下要点写一则书面通知，以使告知交换生。‎ 内容包括：‎ ‎1. 主讲人、讲座目的：‎ ‎2. 讲座内容、时间、地点：‎ ‎3. 注意事项。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数80左右：‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎【答案】One possible version:‎ Notice In order to help exchange students have a better command of Chinese,Mr.Liu will give a lecture on the major differences between Chinese and English at the lecture hall this evening.‎ The lecture,which will last about 2 hours,will start at 6 p.m..It will cover many useful Chinese-learning skills.After the lecture,Mr.Liu will answer your questions on the spot.You are welcome to be present on time.And please don't make noise while listening.‎ The Students' Union Aug 20th ,2020‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，根据要求写一则书面通知。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：应用文表达，开头结尾，注意格式规范，根据提示，整篇文章应使用一般时态。‎ 第二步：根据提纲依次主讲人、讲座目的；讲座内容、时间、地点；注意事项；内容包含全面，关键词选用合理，如In order to为了，have a better command of更好地掌握，between … and…两者之间，cover many useful Chinese-learning skills.包含很多汉语学习技能，on the spot 在现场.等等。‎ 第三步：连词成文，结构衔接得体。‎ ‎【点睛】第一段，开门见山，表达目的，清晰明确，简单明了。‎ 第二段，说明目的并写清楚通知内容，结构清晰。‎ 文章内容完整，提纲要点全面，格式规范，语篇连贯，范文还使用复合句，如The lecture, which will last about 2 hours, will start at 6 p.m.运用了定语从句。增加了文章的高级。‎ 第二节 读后续写（满分25分）‎ ‎47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ ‎65-year-old Richard Oslen was interested in adventure and hunting.This time he hunted on a land near Watford‎ ‎City,N.D.In the cold winter,he tried a new place and forgot to bring his cell phone,the only time on the trip.He walked more than half a mile with two dogs to a wheat field.‎ Keeping an eye open for a bird taking flight,Richard stepped on a thin crust of ice on a river ‎. The ice broke into pieces and dropped him four feet to the bottom.‎ Realizing that he was in trouble and was going to hurt himself, Richard decided to come to land quickly. However, his left leg was hurt, so he had to reach for his shotgun, unload it and use it as a crutch(扔杖). When he was partly up,he lost his balance and fell into the river again.This time one of his feet got stuck between two rocks.Richard told himself that if he didn't get himself out of that river,he wasn't going to have a very good night.‎ Richard managed to make his foot free and climbed more slowly and carefully.Richard suddenly realized the difficulty of the task before him.The accident happened at about 2 p.m.,and it was almost 5 p.m.with the road far away as the sun was setting.‎ Although Richard met with many difficulties, he didn't give up. With his gun's support, he tried jumping with his right leg, but it was useless. He had to try other ways to reach land. He was stubborn and sure that he must be persistent(坚持不懈的). However, he experienced extreme tiredness and had more breaks. Temperatures dropped, and his hands and feet soon were completely numb with cold(冻僵的).‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语：‎ ‎3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好：‎ ‎4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。‎ Paragraph 1:‎ Richard' s dogs had been playing in the field and finally came up to him.‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2:‎ Suddenly Richard saw the seventh car.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Paragraph 1：‎ Richard' s dogs had been playing in the field and eventually came up to him. The two dogs surrounded his body to warm him and also periodically barked at distance. Richard finally reached ‎ the fence near the road with the help of his dogs. He feared exhaustion and rapidly freezing body would make him lose consciousness, so he decided to sit by the fence and wave down a driver. During the next half an hour, he waved wildly and shouted, but six vehicles passed without stopping. Richard nearly fell into despair.‎ Paragraph 2：‎ However, gleams of daylight remained—Richard saw the seventh car. He desperately cried for help and was lucky that the driver stopped his car. He asked Richard what was wrong. Richard told him his leg was badly injured and could not walk. The driver carried Richard on his back without saying anything. He was careful enough to lay Richard on the back seat and let the two dogs in the trunk. The driver comforted him. Don' t worry. We're going to the nearest hospital." He gave Richard warmth in the cold winter．‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇读后续写作文。‎ ‎【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，上文主要讲述了65岁的Richard Oslen外出打猎，没带手机，只有两条狗陪着他，结果他不小心摔进了河里，左腿受了伤，虽然求助的一路上他遇到了很多困难，但是都没有放弃。‎ 续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：理查德的狗一直在地里玩耍，最后来到了他身边。所以后文应该是讲述两只狗围着他的身体为他取暖，还不时地对着远处吠叫。理查德终于在他的狗的帮助下到达了路边的篱笆。他担心疲惫和迅速结冰的身体会让他失去知觉，所以他决定坐在栅栏旁，挥手示意司机下车。在接下来的半个小时里，他狂乱地挥舞着，叫喊着，但是六辆车没有停下来就开过去了。理查德几乎陷入绝望。‎ 第二段开头是：突然，理查德看见了第七辆车。本段应该写第七辆车的司机把车停下了，带着他们去了最近的医院。‎ 续写时要求使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。‎ ‎【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：with the help of，exhaustion，lose consciousness等高级词汇；He asked Richard what was wrong.宾语从句等高级句式。‎