山东省淄博市2020届高三下学期一模英语试题 22页

‎2020届山东省淄博市高三下学期一模 英语试题 注意事项:‎ ‎1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。‎ ‎2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。‎ ‎3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第一部分 阅读(共两节， 满分50分)‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5 分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。‎ A The New York See It All Tour is exactly what it sounds like: an all-inclusive guided tour of New York City.‎ Central Park One of the most famous parks in the world, Central Park is a man-made wonder. Not only is it the first public park built in America, but it is also one of the most frequently visited parks, with over 25 million guests per year. Set in the middle of busy Manhattan, its grounds serve as a safe harbor, not only for athletes, and musicians but also for lots of migratory birds each year. One can spend an entire peaceful day wandering its grounds, gazing upon nearly 50 fountains, monuments, and sculptures or admiring its 36 bridges.‎ Hudson River Park Hudson River Park is a waterside park on the Hudson River that extends from 59th Street south to Battery Park in the New York City district of Manhattan. Bicycle and pedestrian paths, including the Manhattan Waterfront Greenway, span the park north to south, opening up the waterfront for the public to relax. The park includes tennis and soccer fields, children’s playground, dog run, and many other features.‎ Washington Square Park Washington Square, located in the heart of Greenwich Village, is a very popular and often ‎ crowded square. People from all backgrounds gather to this large square dotted with trees.‎ Central Park Zoo The Central Park Zoo is a small 6.5-acre zoo located on Central Park in New York City. The zoo began in the 1860s, making it the first official zoo to open in New York. The zoo was improved in 1934, with the addition of many new buildings ranged in a quadrangle around the sea lion pool. Finally, the zoo was repaired in the mid-1980s and reopened in 1988, replacing the old-fashioned cages with naturalistic environments.‎ ‎1. Which park is set in the heart of Greenwich Village?‎ A. Central Park.‎ B. Hudson River Park.‎ C. Central Park Zoo.‎ D. Washington Square Park.‎ ‎2. What can we learn about Central Park?‎ A. It is primarily an artificial park.‎ B. It is the first public park built in the world.‎ C. It was the most crowded park when first built.‎ D. It especially attracts pedestrian and artists.‎ ‎3. When was the first official zoo in New York repaired for the first time?‎ A. In the 1860s. B. In 1934.‎ C. In the mid-1980s. D. In 1988.‎ ‎【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了纽约市的四个公园，分别为Central Park，Hudson River Park，Washington Square Park以及Central Park Zoo。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句Washington Square, located in the heart of Greenwich Village, is a very popular and often crowded square.可知，Washington Square Park位于Greenwich Village的中心。故选D。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句One of the most famous parks in the world, Central Park is a ‎ man-made wonder.可知，Central Park是一个人造公园。故选A。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第五段第三句The zoo was improved in 1934, with the addition of many new buildings ranged in a quadrangle around the sea lion pool.可知，动物园得到了改善是在1934年。故选B。‎ B There’s a song by the great Jamaican singer Bob Marley called So Much Trouble In The World. Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too––– that’s why it made Nov 16th “International Day for Tolerance”.‎ But first of all, what is tolerance? According to French philosopher Voltaire, tolerance is the consequence of humanity. We are all formed of frailty (脆弱) and error; let us pardon each other’s fool––– that is the first law of nature.”‎ Very often, people don’t realize that they’re intolerant. This is because intolerance has a lot to do with ignorance. For example, the UN’s campaign is in part about the treatment of females by males. But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men don’t put themselves in the shoes of women.‎ It’s worth thinking a little about the words “tolerance” and “intolerance”. Are they the best words to describe the evils of which we’re speaking here? To agree to be “tolerant” of someone isn’t necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that there’s something wrong with them.‎ Still, what Voltaire said stands: We humans are not perfect and this weakness is something that we all share. That’s the reason we should be tolerant. It’s a little like generosity. We can give things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.‎ ‎4. What’s the purpose of the UN “International Day For Tolerance”?‎ A. To arouse people’s awareness of tolerance among people.‎ B. To celebrate the founding of the UN.‎ C. To solve the problem of global warming.‎ D. To change peopled opinion towards globalization.‎ ‎5. Why do men behave intolerantly towards women?‎ A. Because men don’t realize the purpose of the UN.‎ B Because men are physically stronger than women.‎ C. Because men don’t appreciate the shoes of women.‎ D. Because men are not willing to understand women.‎ ‎6. Why is it meaningless to use the words “tolerance” and “intolerance”?‎ A. Because they are hard to pronounce in English.‎ B. Because they don’t express the exact meaning people refer to.‎ C. Because they can’t be translated into other languages.‎ D. Because they can’t be used in a respectful way.‎ ‎7. In what sense is “tolerance” similar to “generosity”?‎ A. Humans are advised to treat others better.‎ B. Humans leant to find faults in others.‎ C. Humans need to give something to others.‎ D. Humans will change their attitudes to others.‎ ‎【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇议论文。人们天性是脆弱的不完美的，容易犯错误的，因此包容是人性的体现。文章通过分析解释人们要宽容待人。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段二、三两句“Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too --- that’s why it made Nov 16th ‘International Day for Tolerance’.”可推断，世界上的人们缺乏包容，因此联合国把‎11月16日设置为“国际宽容日”是为了唤起人们的包容意识。故选A。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段尾句“But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men don’t put themselves in the shoes of women.”可知，男性对女性不包容是因为他们不愿意设身处地的为女性着想，不愿意理解她们。故选D。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段后三句“Are they the best words to describe the evils of which we’re speaking here? To agree to be ‘tolerant’ of someone isn’t necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that there’s something wrong with them.”可知，对某人宽容并不一定是一件值得尊重的事情，某人如果被包容，就暗示着某人有问题，因此推断使用“宽容”或者“不宽容”是没有意义的，因为它们不能准确表达人们所指的意思。故选B。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后两句“It’s a little like generosity. We can give things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.”可推断，在我们给与别人谅解时，宽容有点像慷慨。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。做好该题型要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”。‎ 推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。例如小题1：此题属于推理判断题中的根据事实细节，推断合理信息。答案需要从文章的第一段二、三两句“Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too --- that’s why it made Nov 16th ‘International Day for Tolerance’.”进行推断,世界上的人们缺乏包容，因此联合国把‎11月16日设置为“国际宽容日”是为了唤起人们的包容意识。故选A。‎ C The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the past. With the coming of new technologies like computers and smart phone, writing by hand has become something of nostalgic(怀旧的) skill. However, while today’s educators are using more and more technologies in their teaching, many believe basic handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful ---both in school and in life. Virginia Berninger, professor of educational psychology at the University of Washington, says it’s important to continue teaching handwriting and ‎ help children acquire the skill of writing by hand.‎ Berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to complete various writing tasks---both on a computer and by hand. The study, published in 2009, found that when writing with a pen and paper, participants wrote longer essays and more complete senten3ces and had a faster word production rate.‎ In a more recent study, Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a student’s writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to how well they can write. “Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active, which helps us access our vocabulary, word meanings and concepts. It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas.” Berninger said.‎ Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe (转换) “those words in the mind written symbols on paper or keyboard and screen,” the study said. Seeing the words in the “minds eye” helps children not only to turn their ideas into words, says Berninger, but also to spot spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct them over time.‎ ‎“In our computer age, some people believe that we don’t have to teach spelling because we have spell checks,” she said. “But until a child has a functional spelling ability of about a fifth grade level, they won’t have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the options given by the computer.”‎ ‎8. What makes writing by hand a thing of the past?‎ A. The absence of blackboard in classroom.‎ B. The use of new technologies in teaching.‎ C. The lack of practice in handwriting.‎ D. The popular use of smart phones.‎ ‎9. Which of the following best shows the role of spelling?‎ A. Spelling improves one’s memory of words.‎ B. Spelling ability is closely related to writing ability.‎ C. Spelling benefits the translation from words into ideas.‎ D Spelling slows down finding exact words to express ideas.‎ ‎10. What does minds eye in paragraph 4 mean?‎ A. Window. B. Soul. C. Picture. D. Imagination.‎ ‎11. What conclusion could be drawn from the passage?‎ A. Computers can help people with their choice of words.‎ B. Spell checks can take the place of spelling teaching.‎ C. Handwriting still has a place in today’s classrooms.‎ D. Functional spelling ability develops fast in the fifth grade.‎ ‎【答案】8. B 9. B 10. D 11. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文主要讲述随着现代科技的发展，书写渐渐被人们所忽视。但是Berninger的研究表明，书写在现代教学中应该占有一席之地。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据短文第一段 With the coming of new technologies like computers and smart phone, writing by hand has become something of nostalgic(怀旧的) skill.（随着像电脑和智能手机的使用，书写已经成为了人们怀旧的东西）可知，因为在教学过程中引进了新技术，因此手写成为过去的事情。故选B。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据In a more recent study, Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a student’s writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to how well they can write. （在更近的一次研究中，Berninge想看看拼写在学生写作技巧中所发挥的什么作用，结果发现字写得好的孩子文章也写得好）可知，字写得好的孩子文章也写得好，说明写字的能力和写文章的能力有很大的关联，故选B。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据 Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe (转换) “those words in the mind written symbols on paper or keyboard and screen可知：拼写帮助学生把想法转化为他们思想中的文字，再把思想中的文字转换到纸上，得知答案是imagination，看到这些想象中的文字，不仅帮助孩子们把想法转化为文字，而且能发现拼写错误并改正它们，故选D。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。首段说明随着新技术的到来，手写已经成为过去，之后文章中部提到手写的好处，最后一段进一步阐明书写的重要，可知手写在现代教学中应该占有一席之地，故选C。‎ D C The production of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business, but, unfortunately, full-sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage. The change in how coffee is grown from shade-grown production to full-sun production endangers the very existence of, certain animals and birds, and even disturbs the world’s ecological balance.‎ On a local level, the damage of the forest required by full-sun fields affects the area’s birds and animals. The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other special(物种) that depend on the trees’ flowers and fruits. Full-sun coffee growers destroy this forest home. As a result, many special are quickly dying out.‎ On a more global level, the destruction of the rainforest for full-sun coffee fields also threatens(威胁)human life. Medical research often makes use of the forests' plant and animal life, and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases. In addition, new coffee-growing techniques are poisoning the water locally, and eventually the world's groundwater.‎ Both locally and globally, the continued spread of full-sun coffee plantations (种植园)could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology. The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world's climate, and studies show that loss of oxygen-giving trees also leads to air pollution and global ‎ warming. Moreover, the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic(酸性的) soil conditions.‎ It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects many aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ecology. But consumers do have a choice. They can purchase shade-grown coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost. The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.‎ ‎12. What can we learn about full-sun coffee production from Paragraph 4?‎ A. It limits the spread of new growing techniques.‎ B. It leads to air pollution and global warming.‎ C. It slows down the loss of shade trees.‎ D. It improves local soil conditions.‎ ‎13. The purpose of the text is to .‎ A. entertain B. advertise C. instruct D. persuade ‎14. Where does this text probably come from ?‎ A. An agricultural magazine.‎ B. A medical journal.‎ C. An engineering textbook.‎ D. A tourist guide.‎ ‎15. Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?‎ A. B. ‎ C. D. ‎ ‎【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍阳光充足的咖啡生产给环境和生态带来的种种危害，呼吁人们不要购买这种咖啡，而要买对环境有利的产品。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第四段的句子The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world's climate, and studies show that loss of oxygen-giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming.（遮阳树的丧失已经引起了世界气候的轻微变化，研究表明，给氧树的丧失也会导致空气污染和全球变暖。）可知阳光充足的咖啡生产会带来空气污染和全球气温变暖，故选B。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的句子But consumers do have a choice. They can purchase shade-grown coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost.（但消费者的确可以选择。他们可以在可能的情况下购买遮阳咖啡，尽管成本较高。）可知，作者的意图是劝说人们购买阴凉处种植的咖啡，这样对环境是有好处的，故选D。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。纵观全文可知，文章介绍阳光充足的咖啡生产会带来的破坏，应该是出自一本农业杂志，故选A。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章第一段介绍阳光充足的咖啡生产的话题，二、三、四段介绍了阳光充足的咖啡生产带来的破坏，第五段说服人们去购买对环境有利的阴凉处种植的咖啡，所以是总分总的结构，故选A。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Exam Anxiety Has this ever happened to you? You’ve been studying hard for your midterm, but when you walk into your exam, your mind goes blank, your heart races fast, you get sweaty palms and find it hard to breathe. ___16___‎ Everyone feels stressed during exams. Usually, it results from a fear of failure, lack of adequate preparation time and bad experiences taking tests in the past. This is normal and often helps you work harder, think faster and generally improve your performance. ___17___You may also feel that other people are managing the exam better than you. This can cause you to feel that your mind has “gone blank” on information you know you have revised.‎ ‎___18___ Some choose to ignore the problem, while others don’t review because they think they will do badly anyway and even miss exams due to the anxiety. It can also be really easy to think that if you don’t try and then you fail, you won’t feel as bad as if you fail after trying really hard.‎ So what can you do to fight against the negative mindset and stay calm before and during your test?___19___ Yes, this seems obvious, but it’s worth repeating. If you feel confident that you’ve prepared thoroughly, you’ll feel more confident walking into the test. The second tip is simple: just start. The blank page can maximize your anxiety. ___20___ You can always go back and change things later if needed, but a few quick answers can get the ball rolling. Besides, allocating(分配) your time is equally important. Look through the whole test before getting started. Mentally allocate how much time you’ll spend on each section. If there’s time to recheck, even better. ‎ A. The first thing you should do is to be prepared.‎ B. People often deal with exam stress in many unhelpful ways.‎ C. If these classic signs of exam anxiety sound familiar, you’re not alone!‎ D. Therefore, people need an appropriate amount of pressure to help deal with exams.‎ E. Realizing time is almost up and that there’s still a lot of blank space will make you desperate.‎ F. However, if you are overly anxious about the result, you may be unable to focus on your work.‎ G. After you get the paper, dive right in by getting some questions done to build up your confidence.‎ ‎【答案】16. C 17. F 18. B 19. A 20. G ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些应对考试焦虑的正确方法。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据上文Has this ever happened to you? You’ve been studying hard for your midterm, but when you walk into your exam, your mind goes blank, your heart races fast, you get sweaty palms and find it hard to breathe.（你有过这样的经历吗?你一直在为期中考试努力学习，但当你走进考场时，你的大脑一片空白，心跳加速，手心出汗，呼吸困难。）可知这些都是一些典型的考试焦虑，故C选项 If these classic signs of exam anxiety sound familiar, you’re not alone!（如果这些考试焦虑的经典症状听起来很熟悉，那么你并不孤单!）符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据上文This is normal and often helps you work harder, think faster and generally improve your performance.（这很正常，通常能帮助你更努力地工作，更快地思考，总体上提高你的表现。）下文应说明如果你对结果过于焦虑，你可能无法集中精力工作。故F选项符合上下文语境。故选F。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据下文Some choose to ignore the problem, while others don’t review because they think they will do badly anyway and even miss exams due to the anxiety.（一些人选择忽视这个问题，而另一些人不复习，因为他们认为无论如何他们都会做得很差，甚至因为焦虑而错过考试。）可知这些都是人们处理考试焦虑的方式，故B选项：人们经常以许多无益的方式处理考试压力。符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据下文If you feel confident that you’ve prepared thoroughly, you’ll feel more confident walking into the test.‎ ‎（如果你对自己的准备工作很有信心，那么当你走进考场的时候就会更有信心。）可知是强调要为考试做准备，故A选：你要做的第一件事就是做好准备。符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据上文The second tip is simple: just start.（第二个建议很简单:开始吧。）可知考试开始，因此是拿到了试卷以后，故G选项：拿到试卷后，马上着手做一些问题来建立你的信心。符合上下文语境。故选G。‎ 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ I was born legally blind. Of all the stories of my early childhood, the one about a ___21___ is my mother’s favorite.‎ I was only two when the ___22___ occurred. We had just arrived home from a trip. Mom lifted me out of the car and ___23___ to speak to the driver. I took advantage of my brief ___24___ to dash across the lawn(草坪) — and hit a large maple tree! I was running so fast that I bounced off the trunk and landed on my backside. Mom ___25___ me to start crying, but I just sat there for a minute. Then I ___26___ myself up and kept right on going.‎ Mom loves to use this story as an ___27___. It reminds her that children don’t enter life ___28___ to take risks or unwilling to ___29___ again when they fall down. She never wanted me to lose that toughness as I grew older. When I ____30____ my major life decisions, I was still that little girl tearing full-speed across the lawn. I studied abroad and later moved away from my parents’ home to look for a ____31____. Through years of ____32____, I have become a respected teacher in a school serving high-need students.‎ We are almost certain to get ____33____ at some point during the process of achieving our goal. When that happens, don’t sit in the grass and ____34____. Just get up and keep on going. It will all be worth it ____35____.‎ ‎21. A. trip B. race C. tree D. driver ‎22. A. incident B. change C. illness D. problem ‎23. A. feared B. refused C. forgot D. turned ‎24. A. delay B. absence C. freedom D. rest ‎25. A. promised. B. encouraged C. allowed D. expected ‎26. A. woke B. picked C. warmed D. gave ‎27. A. answer B. example C. excuse D. order ‎28. A. afraid B. ashamed C. able D. anxious ‎29. A. ask B. share C. learn D. try ‎30. A. regretted B. reviewed C. made D. explained ‎31. A. job B. friend C. fortune D. house ‎32. A. memories B. efforts C. research D. experience ‎33. A. mixed up B. fed up C. knocked down D. settled down ‎34. A. play B. relax C. dream D. cry ‎35. A. all at once B. in the end C. in either case D. as a result ‎【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己小时候由于跑得快撞到树上，没有哭泣而是继续前进的故事，告诉我们遇到困难不要害怕，要继续前进，通过不懈努力目标最终会实现。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我生来就是盲人。在我童年早期的所有故事中，关于一棵树的故事是我母亲最喜欢的。A.trip旅行；B.race种族，比赛；C.tree树；D.driver司机。此处指的是下文提到的hit a large maple tree的故事，故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事件发生时我只有两岁。A. incident事件；B. change变化；C. illness疾病；D. problem问题，难题。此处指下面讲述的作者撞树的事件，故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈把我从车里抱出来，然后转身和司机说话。A.feared害怕，恐惧；B.refused拒绝；C. forgot 忘记；D.turned转向，转变。此处指妈妈先把我抱下车，转回身和司机说话，故选D。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我利用短暂的自由时间冲过草坪，撞到了一棵大枫树上! A. delay延期；B. absence缺乏，缺席；C.freedom自由；D.rest休息。此处指作者被妈妈从车上抱下来，可以短暂自由活动了。故选C。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈以为我要哭了，但我只是在那里坐了一分钟。A. promised.允诺，许诺；B.encouraged鼓励；C.allowed允许；D.expected预料，期待。作者由于跑得快撞了树，妈妈预料作者会哭。故选D。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我自己爬起来，继续前进。A.woke唤醒，激发；B.picked挑选，拾起；C.warmed使温暖；D.gave给予。根据下文kept right on going可推断，此处指作者跌倒后自己爬起来，pick up“使（自己）慢慢站起（或爬起）”。故选B。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：妈妈喜欢把这个故事当例子。A.answer回答；B.example例子，榜样；C.excuse借口，理由；D.order命令。下句It reminds her that children don’t enter life ___8___ to take risks or unwilling to ___9___ again when they fall down.是这件事的教育意义，这件事是妈妈教育孩子的好例子。故选B。‎ ‎28题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它提醒她，孩子进入生活时，不会害怕冒险，也不会在跌倒时不愿再尝试。A. afraid害怕的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. able有能力的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据上文讲的作者的故事可推断，此处指孩子刚开始时不怕冒险，故选A。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它提醒她，孩子进入生活时，不会害怕冒险，也不会在跌倒时不愿再尝试。A.ask问；B.share分享；C.learn学习；D.try尝试，努力。根据上文内容可推断，此处指孩子跌倒后不会因怕再次摔倒而不敢再次尝试。故选D。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我做出重大的人生决定时，我仍然是那个在草坪上飞快跑着的小女孩。A. regretted后悔，遗憾；B. reviewed回顾，复习；C. made做出，制造；D. explained解释。“做决定”是make decisions，故选C。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在国外学习，后来离开父母去寻找工作。A.job工作；B.friend 朋友；C.fortune 财富，运气；D.house住宅，房子。根据下句I have become a respected teacher in a school serving high-need students.可知是找工作，故选A。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过几年的努力，我在一所为高需求学生服务的学校里成为了一名受人尊敬的教师。A.memories记忆，回忆；B.efforts努力；C.research研究，调查；D.experience经历，经验。指作者通过自己的努力找到了不错的工作，故选B。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在实现目标的过程中，我们几乎肯定会在某个时刻被打倒。A.mixed up混淆；B.fed up厌烦；C.knocked down击倒，撞到；D.settled down安顿下来。此处指人生努力中肯定会遇到困难，会被困难打倒。故选C。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这种情况发生时，不要坐在草地上哭泣。A.play玩；B.relax放松；C.dream梦想；D.cry哭，哭泣。与上文Mom ___5___ me to start crying呼应，指摔倒后哭泣。故选D。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查介词短语辨析。句意：站起来，继续前进。这一切最终都是值得的。A.all at once突然；B.in the end最后，终于；C.in either case不论发生何种情况；D.as a result结果。此处指摔倒后不怕困难，继续前进，通过不懈努力目标最终会实现。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，小题1根据下文提到的hit a large maple tree的故事，可知选tree。小题11根据下句I have become a respected teacher in a school serving high-need students.可知是找工作，可知选job。小题14与上文Mom ___5___ me to start crying呼应，指摔倒后哭泣。可知选cry。‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ How do we prevent transmission of the virus?‎ This new virus currently has a ___36___(limit) geographic spread. ___37___, there are a number of standard hygiene(卫生) practices ___38___ have been recommended to protect against infection and further spread. These include covering your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing with a medical mask, tissue or flexed elbow; avoiding close contact with those who are unwell; the ‎ appropriate use of ___39___ (mask) and personal protective equipment, ___40___ (especial) in a healthcare setting; washing hands regularly with soap and water, or alcohol-based hand rub. Actions that can be taken to prevent infection from ___41___animal source include: avoiding unnecessary unprotected contact with animals; washing hands after contact with animals or animal products; and ensuring that animal products are cooked thoroughly before they ___42___ (consume).‎ ‎___43___is important to stay home if you’re feeling unwell. But if you have a fever, cough, and difficulty ___44___ (breath), seek medical care early and share your previous travel history ___45___ your healthcare provider.‎ ‎【答案】36. limited ‎ ‎37. However ‎ ‎38. that/which ‎ ‎39. masks 40. especially ‎ ‎41. an 42. are consumed ‎ ‎43. It 44. breathing ‎ ‎45. with ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文。介绍了如何防止病毒传播的一些具体措施。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：这种新病毒目前的地理传播范围有限。修饰名词短语geographic spread用形容词，指有限的地理传播，故填limited。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：然而，有一些标准的卫生措施已被推荐，以防止感染和进一步传播。前后句是转折关系，结合空后的逗号，故填However。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意同上。句中包含定语从句，先行词是practices指物，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词that/which引导，故填that/which。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。句意：适当使用口罩和个人防护设备，特别是在医疗环境中。作介词of的宾语用名词，the use of+名词指“……的使用”，此处前面没有冠词，表示泛指用复数，故填masks。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意同上。修饰后面介词短语用副词，意为“特别是在医疗环境中”，故填especially。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：可以采取的防止来自动物源的感染措施包括：避免与动物进行不必要的无保护的接触。animal是单数可数名词，且开头是元音因素，表示“一种”用an，故填an。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查动词时态语态。句意：确保动物产品在食用前彻底煮熟。句中they指的是animal products，与动词consume是被动关系，在从句中作谓语用被动语态。结合全文是一般现在时，故填are consumed。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查代词。句意：如果你感觉不舒服，呆在家里是很重要。句中用it做形式主语，不定式to stay home是真正主语，故填It。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。此处表示“做某事有困难”用have difficulty (in)doing sth.故填breathing。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：但是如果你有发烧、咳嗽和呼吸困难，尽早就医，和你的医疗服务人员分享你以前的旅行经历。“和某人分享某事”是share sth. with sb.故填with。‎ 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节(满分15分)‎ ‎46.假如你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院（nursing home）陪老人们过重阳节（the Double Ninth Festival）。请给外教露西写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 出发及返回时间；‎ ‎2. 活动：包饺子、表演节目等。‎ 注意:1. 词数80左右；‎ ‎2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎3. 结语已为你写好。‎ Dear Lucy,‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Lucy,‎ I’d like to invite you to join us for a visit to a nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival. We’ll go and make dumplings with the elderly people there. We’ll also spend some fun time together, singing and playing games, which will make them happy. We should be back around 4 o’clock in the afternoon. If you are able to come with us, we’ll wait for you at the school gate at 9 o’clock in the morning.‎ Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封邀请信。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：根据提示可知，假如你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院（nursing home）陪老人们过重阳节（the Double Ninth Festival）。请给外教露西写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括： 1. 出发及返回时间； 2. 活动：包饺子、表演节目等。‎ 第二步：根据写作要求确定关键词（组），如：make dumplings, spend some fun time, be back, at the school gate, Looking forward to.‎ 第三步：根据提示和关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接和过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如We’ll also spend some fun time together, singing and playing games, which will make ‎ them happy. 运用了非谓语动词和非限制性定语从句；If you are able to come with us, we’ll wait for you at the school gate at 9 o’clock in the morning.运用了if引导的条件状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ 第二节(满分25 分)‎ ‎47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ There was a rich couple who was throwing a big New Year party at their house. So they went shopping at the market where everything was of high cost and fixed price. They wanted to maintain their level of standard so they didn’t mind paying for it. After purchasing all they needed, they called a porter to carry everything and drop it at their home. The porter who came was of an old age, and looked very unhealthy, and his clothes were torn, and he looked as if he wasn’t even able to meet his daily needs.‎ They asked the porter about the charges for delivering their goods to their home. The old porter quoted just $20, well below the market price. Yet, the couple argued and bargained with the porter and finally settled for $15. The porter was struggling to make even one time’s meal so he needed anything he could earn.‎ The couple was very happy thinking how well they bargained with the poor porter and paid him $‎15 in advance and left after giving the porter their address for delivery. They reached their home and one hour passed, and two hours passed, but the porter still didn’t deliver their stuff.‎ The wife started to get angry at her husband, “I always tell you not to trust such person, but you never listen to me. I am sure instead of delivering the goods to our home, he must have disappeared with everything. We must immediately go back to the market to inquire and then to the police station to file the complaint against him.”‎ They both left towards the market. On their way near the market, they saw another porter. They stopped him to inquire about the old porter and noticed that he was carrying their goods in his cart! The angry wife asked him, “Where is that old thief? This is our goods and he was supposed to deliver them. It seems you poor thieves are stealing our goods and going to sell them.”‎ Paragraph 1:‎ When the porter heard the angry wife asking.‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2:‎ Upon hearing this, the husband had tears in his eyes, ‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Paragraph 1:‎ When the porter heard the angry wife asking, he turned back. The porter replied, “Madam, please calm down. I’m not a thief. That poor old man was sick since last month. He couldn’t earn enough to even have a single meal of the day. Therefore, he fell down and handed me $15, saying, ‘I have taken an advance for this delivery, and you deliver the goods to the couple’s home.’ Madam, he was poor and hungry, but he was an honest man. I was just on the way to completing the old man’s last delivery to your home.”‎ Paragraph 2:‎ Upon hearing this, the husband had tears in his eyes, and the wife felt so ashamed that she had no courage to look her husband in the eyes. Suddenly she rushed to the market. Half an hour later, the wife came back with some food in her hand. She passed the food on to the porter, and said sorry to the porter, saying that she shouldn’t suspect them, and took them as thieves. At last, the porter took the goods to their house, and the rich couple changed their attitude to the man like the porter.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达是读后续写。‎ ‎【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，一对富人夫妇为了准备新年聚会去市场不惜高价买了许多物品，然后雇佣了一个搬运工把这些物品运回家。搬运工是一个年老体弱生活拮据的人，他要价$20低于市场价，而富人夫妇讨价还价后只给$15‎ ‎。富人夫妇高兴地回家等着老人把物品送来，却迟迟不见老人的身影。妻子认为上了老人的当，一定老人把他们的物品卖掉了。回去找老人时却发现他们的物品在另外一个搬运工的车上。‎ 续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：当搬运工听到生气的妻子问题时……，所以应该写他讲述的实情，老人病了又吃不上饭，这次摔倒了，他把$15给了这个搬运工，请求他把物品送到富人家。第二段开头是：丈夫听了，眼里含着泪水，……。下文应该写富人夫妇被老人感动，行动和态度都发生了改变。‎ 最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右。按要求完成写作任务。‎ ‎【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：calm down, taken an advance, Upon hearing, felt ashamed, changed their attitude等高级词汇；Therefore, he fell down and handed me $15, saying, ‘I have taken an advance for this delivery, and you deliver the goods to the couple’s home.’和She passed the food on to the porter, and said sorry to the porter, saying that she shouldn’t suspect them, and took them as thieves.运用了非谓语动词；the wife felt so ashamed that she had no courage to look her husband in the eyes.运用了so……that句型。等高级句式。‎