2021届广东省高三新高考适应性测试卷（一）英语试题（教师版含解析） 22页

广东省 2021 届新高考适应性测试卷 英语(一) 本试卷满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题纸上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需 改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题纸上。写 在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 5 小题；每小題 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是 C。 1. What did the man buy yesterday? A. suit. B. A shirt. C. A sweater. 2. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a printing shop. B. At a bookstore. C. In a library. 3. When will Sally see the dentist? A. At 8:00. B. At 9:30. C. At 10:30. 4. Where may the dialogue take place? A. In a drinks shop. B. In a restaurant. C. In a supermarket. 5. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Go shopping. B. Go walking. C. Go swimming. 第二节(共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后， 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题 6. What does the man want to do? A. Go to the grocery. B. Watch TV at home. C. Clean the freezer. 7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Employer and employee. C. Shop assistant and customer. 第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. How long will the man possibly allow the woman to be absent? A. One day. B. Two days. C. Three days. 9. Why does the woman ask for a leave? A. To take care of her brother. B. To attend a wedding. C. To have a rest. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. What does the man think of a smart speaker? A. Expensive. B. Unnecessary. C. Convenient. 11. How can you make a smart speaker work? A. Talk to it. B. Write on it. C. Listen to it. 12. What does the woman decide to do? A. Buy a smart speaker. B. Buy a smart house. C. Ignore the smart speaker. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. What makes the woman feel upset? A. Driving to work every morning. B. Working far away from home. C. Getting the traffic tickets. 14. What is the speed limit on the Center Street? A. 35 mph. B.45 mph. C. 55 mph. 15. What is the second ticket for? A. Driving carelessly. B. Talking back to the police. C. Not wearing the seat belt. 16. What does the woman learn from the incident? A. She was wronged. B. She was wrong. C. She was unlucky. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. Who is Emile Ratelbrant? A. A television host. B. A legal adviser. C. A bank clerk. 18. When was Ratelbrant actually born? A. In 1989. B. In 1969. C. In 1949. 19. Why did Ratelbrant submit such a legal demand to court? A. To draw people’s attention B. To be free of discrimination C. To save money for the government. 20. How does Ratelbrant feel about the possible result of his demand? A. Hopeless. B. Confident. C. Uncertain. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A National Geographic Kids Magazine Subscription Bill Me Later Available—No Credit Card Required! 1 Year (10 Issues) Newsstand: $49.90 $24.95 You Save: 50% 100% Satisfaction Guarantee Your purchase of National Geographic Kids is backed by our 100% satisfaction guarantee. If you (or your recipient) are not completely satisfied with your magazine, let us know and we will do whatever it takes to make it right—even a 100%cash refund if you choose. - Irv Lesher, CEO and Founder of MagazineLine Magazine Overview About National Geographic Kids National Geographic Kids magazine offers a fresh new look for today’s kids! Each issue (期) is jam-packed with great stories about wildlife, adventures, other kids, animals, sports, science, technology, wonderful places in the world, popular culture, and more cool stuff—all designed to keep kids reading, thinking, learning and having fun! For ages 6—12. Every edition of National Geographic Kids contains a superb combination of photos, fun facts, and articles presented in a cheery style, making it perfect for keeping kids’ attention. Your children can explore ancient civilizations on one page, come face-to-face with overseas wildlife on another, and turn the next page to do projects, which are often perfect for homework. There are always plenty of gross/interesting facts about animals that your children are certain to share with you, or they can turn to the page that gives them the low-down on their favorite star. A gift subscription to National Geographic Kids is perfect for young readers, who are interested in the world around them. 1. How will the MagazineLine staff deal with dissatisfied purchasers? A. Give a 100% cash refund immediately. B. Offer a 50% discount to them. C. Do everything to satisfy them. D. Allow them to cancel subscription. 2. Which description is true about National Geographic Kids? A. It is a perfect gift for readers. B. It adds to kids’ homework. C. It is cheaper to be bought on the newsstand. D. It refers to many fields. 3. Who is the article mainly intended for? A. Children. B. Parents. C. Teachers. D. Managers. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了《国家地理·少儿版》杂志的的内容以及订阅的相关信息。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据图片中 100% Satisfaction Guarantee 部分的“let us know and we will do whatever it takes to make it right”可知，其员工会竭尽所能去解决问题。由此可知，杂志工作人员将做任何事情来使不满意的购 买者满意。故选 C 项。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 About National Geographic Kids 部分第一段和第二段中提到的该杂志涉及的内容“great stories about wildlife, adventures, other kids, animals, sports, science, technology, wonderful places in the world,popular culture, and more cool stuff”有关野生动植物，冒险，其他孩子，动物，体育，科学，技术，世 界上最美好的地方，受欢迎的文化以及更多有趣事物的精彩故事”。可知该杂志涉及的领域很广。故选 D 项。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。根据 About National Geographic Kids 部分第二段中的“Your children”及“that your children are certain to share with you”你的孩子一定会和你分享。可推断，本文主要是写给父母看的。故选 B 项。 【点睛】 B Luke Grenfell-Shaw had a rare form of cancer. It started as a pain in his shoulder and the tumour spread to his lungs, making it stage four. The Oxford graduate was teaching English in Siberia when he suffered a shoulder pain and saw the school nurse. It was her reaction to a lump on his back that sent him back home to Bristol. “I was 24 years old. I had done an ultramarathon.” Luke said. 48 hours later. I was back in hospital in the UK. “On 19 June 2018, doctors told Luke that he had cancer. “I had kind of worked out that it was cancer, but what kind of blew me away was the fact that it was stage four cancer,” says Luke. “That day, my life felt like it had disintegrated. My life had been comfortable and conventional. I worked hard and got rewards in terms of education, jobs, things like that. That was all taken away?” On the day of his diagnosis, Luke had one clear thought in his mind that he wanted to cycle around the world. It was something he had always hoped to do, but the cancer news made him realize that he couldn’t put it off. “I realized that the future had to become now,” Luke explains. He decided to cycle from Bristol to Beijing—more than 5,000 miles—on a tandem bike, because he wanted to bring people along to share the experience with him. Luke will not only be joined by family and friends for certain legs of his trip, but also by other young people who are living with cancer. “This trip is something I’m going to enjoy,” says Luke, “It’s going to be the richest and most fulfilling experience that I can have.” 4. What made Luke realize the potential threat of the illness? A. A lump on his back. B. The pain on his shoulder. C. The school nurse’s reaction. D. The Oxford graduate’s warning. 5. The underlined word “disintegrated” in paragraph 2 means ________. A. changed B. broken C. disappointed D. confused 6. Why did Luke decide to cycle around the world? A. To enjoy the rest of his life peacefully. B. To seek the best doctor treating his cancer. C. To conquer the cancer in his own way. D. To make his dream come true. 7. What can we learn from the passage? A. Luke intended to change his future life by cycling. B. Luke planned to challenge the cancer with young men. C. Luke wanted to end his life during the cycling trip. D. Luke expected to challenge the tough journey. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. D 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。记叙了 25 岁的英国男子打算来一次看似不可能的挑战：从英国布里斯托尔骑行至北京。 更具挑战性的是，这名男子已被确诊为癌症晚期，身体状况不容乐观。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The Oxford graduate was teaching English in Siberia when he suffered a shoulder pain and saw the school nurse. It was her reaction to a lump on his back that sent him back home to Bristol.(这位牛 津大学毕业生当时在西伯利亚教英语，突然肩膀疼痛，去见了学校的护士。是她对他背上一个肿块的反应 让他回到了布里斯托尔)”可知，是护士的反应，让 Luke 意识到了疾病对他的潜在威胁。故选 C。 【5 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“My life had been comfortable and conventional. I worked hard and got rewards in terms of education, jobs, things like that. That was all taken away?”可知，Luke 原本舒适和常规的生活因癌症 的出现被打破，所有的一切都被剥夺，由此猜测 Luke 感到生活“崩溃，破碎”。A. changed 变化的；B. broken 破碎的；C. disappointed 失望的；D. confused 困惑的。故选 B。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“On the day of his diagnosis, Luke had one clear thought in his mind that he wanted to cycle around the world. It was something he had always hoped to do, but the cancer news made him realize that he couldn’t put it off.(在他被确诊的那天，Luke 有一个清晰的想法，他想要骑自行车环游世界。这是他一直 希望做的事，但癌症的消息让他意识到他不能拖延)”可知，Luke 决定骑自行车环游世界，是为了实现他的 梦想。故选 D。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“‘This trip is something I’m going to enjoy,’ says Luke, ‘It’s going to be the richest and most fulfilling experience that I can have.’(卢克说：“这次旅行我会很享受的，这将是我所能拥有的最丰 富、最充实的经历。”)”可知，Luke 认为他将享受这次旅行，这将是他能拥有的最丰富、最充实的经历， 由此推测 Luke 期望挑战这段艰难旅程。故选 D。 C BEIJING/SAO PAULO—Chinese traditions like cockfighting, flying and fireworks have been quite common in Brazil for many years. “Despite the thousands of kilometers between them, China’s historical and artistic mark on Brazil has existed for about 300 years,” said Brazilian sinologist (汉学家) Jose Roberto Teixeira Leite in his book China in Brazil. “Influences from china can date from the colonial the two countries has existed for a long time,” he noted, adding that incoming ships would fill up Brazilian cities like Salvador, Rio de Janeiro and Recife with Chinese products like porcelain (瓷器), silk and fans. He also found Chinese influence not only in the arts and architecture of Brazil but also in the most diverse areas of Brazilian society, like the economy, medicine and popular culture. “At the end of the 19th century, in Pernambuco (a state in northeastern Brazil), there was a custom that children slept with clothes decorated with Chinese dragons.” Teixeira added. The book took him about 15 years to finish. “The impact of the book surprised me, though it was published by a university publisher and it had a print run of just 1,000 copies,” he said. “Some have said that the book represents a turning point in Chinese studies in Brazil.” Besides, the sinologist did research on the mark and presence of China in the architecture and arts of Brazil. “It was through art that China awoke in me, first, curiosity, after that, interest, and finally, passion,” Teixeira said. In 1992, the sinologist visited Macao to do research for his doctoral thesis about the marks and presence of China in Brazil, and that trip impressed him a lot. In 2013, Teixeira had a chance to visit the Chinese cities of Beijing, Shenzhen and Shanghai, and got to know “the past and present of the great country culturally, as well as its incredible material development.” 8. What does the underlined sentence imply? A. Brazilian children’s love for dragons as Chinese children. B. The development of China-Brazil frequent trade cooperation. C. A further understanding of the cultures of the two countries. D. China’s influence on most diverse areas of Brazilian society. 9. What marks a new stage of Chinese studies for Brazilian? A. Children’s clothes. B. The sinologist’s traveling. C. The sinologist’s book. D. Chinese porcelain. 10. What fired the sinologist’s passion for Chinese studies? A. Chinese art. B. Chinese customs. C. The history of China. D. The development of China. 11. What is the best title for this passage? A. The Impression of China on Sinologist B. China in Eyes of a Brazilian Sinologist C. An Introduction to Sinologist’s New Book D. The future of China-Brazil trade relations 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了巴西汉学家 Jose Roberto Teixeira Leite 眼中的中国和巴西。 【8 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Influences from China can date from the colonial period, even up to the time after Brazil’s independence. ”可知，中国的影响可以追溯到殖民地时代，甚至到巴西独立之后。从画线句所在的句 子 At the end of the19th century, in Pernambuco, (a state in northeastern Brazil), there was custom that children slept with clothes decorated with Chinese dragons. 可知，19 世纪末，在巴西东北部的一个州，伯 南布哥，有一个习俗，孩子们睡在装饰有中国龙的衣服上。因此推断，划线句子显示的是中国对巴西社会 各个领域的影响。故选 D 项。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The impact of the book surprised me, though it was published by a university publisher and it had a print run of just 1,000 copies,”he said. “Some have said that the book represents a turning point in Chinese studies in Brazil.”可知，这本书的影响令作者吃惊，尽管它是由一家大学出版社出版的，印刷量只有 1000 册，有人说这本书代表了巴西中国研究的一个转折点。因此，这本书标志着巴西人的汉语研究进入了 一个新的阶段。故选 C 项。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It was through art that China awoke in me first, curiosity, after that, interest, and finally, passion, Teixeira said. 可知，正是通过艺术，中国在特谢拉心中觉醒，首先是好奇心，然后是兴趣， 最后是激情。因此，是艺术激发了这位汉学家对中国研究的热情。故选 A 项。 【11 题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，短文中巴西汉学家 Jose Roberto Teixeira Leite 从艺术、商业、经济、医学、文 化、建筑等方面介绍了中国对巴西的影响。所以短文的最佳标题为“中国在一个巴西汉学家眼中的样子”。故 选 B 项。 【点睛】 D West Nile is a tropical disease that begins in birds, which pass it on to mosquitoes that then go on to infect human beings with bites. Most people who contract West Nile do not experience any symptoms at all, but, if they do, symptoms typically develop between 3 to 14 days after a mosquito bite. About 1 in 5 persons suffers fever, headaches, and body aches, usually lasting a week or so. A far less lucky I in 150 experiences high fever, tremors, paralysis, and coma. Some—especially the elderly and those with weak immune systems—die. That is what made the major outbreaks of West Nile in the U. S. in the summer of 2012 so scary. The situation was particularly bad in Dallas, Texas, where the West Nile virus killed 10 people and sickened more than 200. The city declared a state of emergency and began aerial spraying of a pesticide to kill the mosquitoes, even though residents argued that the pesticide could be more dangerous than the disease. Why was the summer of 2012 so hospitable to the West Nile virus and the mosquitoes that carry it? Blame the weather. An extremely mild winter allowed more mosquitoes than usual to survive, while the unusually high temperatures in that scorching summer further increased their number by speeding up their life cycle. The economic crisis may have also played a role: homeowners who were not able to pay their bank loans were forced to abandon their properties, sometimes leaving behind pools that made excellent mosquito breeding grounds. The severity of tropical diseases is also a matter of whether governments are capable—and willing—to defend their populations against infections. Dallas County was not doing some of the key things to slow the spread of West Nile, such as testing dead birds and setting mosquito traps to test for the presence of the disease. Tropical infections are thus as much related to government inaction as they are to climate. 12. What is this passage mainly about? A. West Nile and methods to fight it. B. West Nile and governmental efficiency. C. West Nile and its relation to tropical diseases. D. West Nile and its rapid spread. 13. Which of the following statements is true about West Nile? A. Its symptoms usually appear within two weeks. B. It is spread through air and water in tropical areas. C. Over 20% of people who contract it will suffer severe symptoms. D. It comes from direct human contact with birds infected with the virus. 14. What did Dallas county do to fight off West Nile? A. They asked citizens to stay away from dead birds. B. They made the swimming pools empty in the county. C. They encouraged citizens to help themselves. D. They sprayed pesticide from the air. 15. Which of the following is a reason why Dallas was hit most seriously in the U.S. in 2012? A. The weather of the previous winter was not as cold as usual. B. The residents worried about the county’s decision and action. C. The government did not issue a warning about the disease in time. D. The increasing population in Texas raised the risk of contracting the disease. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为西尼罗河的病毒，详细介绍了感染这种病毒的一些症状，以及 其 2012 年在美国城市爆发和蔓延的原因。 【12 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“That is what made the major outbreaks of West Nile in the U. S. in the summer of 2012 so scary. The situation was particularly bad in Dallas, Texas, where the West Nile virus killed 10 people and sickened more than 200.(这就是 2012 年夏天西尼罗河病毒在美国大爆发的原因。德克萨斯州 Dallas 的情况尤 其糟糕，西尼罗河病毒导致 10 人死亡，200 多人患病)”可知结合文章主要介绍了一种名为西尼罗河的病毒， 详细介绍了感染这种病毒的一些症状，以及其 2012 年在美国城市爆发和蔓延的原因。由此可知，这篇文章 主要讲了西尼罗河病毒和其迅速传播的情况。故选 D。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Most people who contract West Nile do not experience any symptoms at all, but, if they do, symptoms typically develop between 3 to 14 days after a mosquito bite.(大多数感染西尼罗河病毒的人 根本没有任何症状，但即使有，症状通常在被蚊子叮咬后 3 至 14 天出现)”可知，A 选项“症状通常在两周 内出现”正确。故选 A 。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The city declared a state of emergency and began aerial spraying of a pesticide to kill the mosquitoes, even though residents argued that the pesticide could be more dangerous than the disease.( 该 市宣布进入紧急状态，并开始空中喷洒杀虫剂来杀死蚊子，尽管居民们认为杀虫剂可能比这种疾病更危险)” 可知，Dallas 通过在空中喷洒杀虫剂来杀灭蚊子，从而抗击西尼罗河病毒。故选 D。 【15 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Blame the weather. An extremely mild winter allowed more mosquitoes than usual to survive, while the unusually high temperatures in that scorching summer further increased their number by speeding up their life cycle.(这全怪天气。一个极其温和的冬天让比平常更多的蚊子存活了下来，而在那个炎 热的夏天不寻常的高温又通过加速它们的生命周期进一步增加了它们的数量)”可知，Dallas 的疫情严重是 因为温暖的冬天让更多蚊子幸存。故 A 选项“去年冬天的天气不像往常那么冷”是导致 2012 年美国 Dallas 受灾最严重的一个原因。故选 A。 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 Most Americans love Chinese food. However, the Chinese food served in most American restaurants is very different from the authentic cuisine enjoyed daily by people living in China. ___16___Then many Chinese immigrants had trouble landing a job in America. To make a living, some of them opened restaurants. Over these years, Chinese cuisine has been adapted to reflect Western influences. ___17___The Chinese food found in Western restaurants is mainly cooked through frying. Many dishes are cooked using various frying methods. However, traditional Chinese food is rarely cooked through frying. Instead, methods such as baking, steaming, boiling and fermenting (发酵) are more commonly used. Another big difference between authentic and westernized Chinese food is the ingredients used. ___18___ Some ingredients — like carrots, onions and tomatoes — are not often used in authentic Chinese cooking. In addition, while you can find some Western cuisines that use strange meats — like pig ears — most Western cultures are pretty conservative about the meats they consume. Authentic Chinese food, in contrast, uses a wider variety of protein sources, including tofu, snake, chicken feet, duck blood and many more that Westerners generally wouldn’t choose to eat. ___19___Sweet and Sour Chicken, for example, has no equivalent(同等物)in traditional Chinese cuisine. Similarly, the fortune cookie is a completely American invention. Indeed, there are numerous differences between authentic and westernized Chinese cuisine, but Western palates (味觉) adapt to new flavors easily. ___20___ A. The history of westernized Chinese food started in the mid-1800s. B. Westernized Chinese food features vegetables that are common in Western cuisines. C. There are so many regions of China, and they all prepare their dishes a little bit differently. D. So it may only be a matter of time before authentic Chinese food becomes popular in America. E. Many of the most popular Chinese dishes in the West are not served in Chinese restaurants at all. F. Deep frying food is quick, which is why you can usually get your Chinese food in just a few minutes. G. One of the main differences between authentic and westernized Chinese food lies in cooking methods. 【答案】16. A 17. G 18. B 19. E 20. D 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇说明文。中国菜到了西方以后受到了西方的影响，文章介绍了西化的中国菜和传统中国菜的不 同之处。 【16 题详解】 根据空后的 Then many Chinese immigrants had trouble landing a job in America. To make a living, some of them opened restaurants. Over these years, Chinese cuisine has been adapted to reflect Western influences.(当时，许多 中国移民在美国找不到工作。为了谋生，他们中的一些人开了餐馆。这些年来，中国菜已经适应了西方的 影响)可知，A 选项(西化的中国食物的历史始于 19 世纪中期)和下文内容相呼应，in the mid-1800s 和下文 的 then 相呼应，westernized Chinese food 和 Western influences 相呼应，故选 A。 【17 题详解】 根据下文的 The Chinese food found in Western restaurants is mainly cooked through frying.(西餐厅的中餐主要 是油炸的)和 traditional Chinese food… Instead, methods such as baking, steaming, boiling and fermenting (发酵) are more commonly used.(中国传统食物以烘烤、蒸、煮和发酵等方法更常用。)可知，G 选项主要说明了正 宗中国菜和西化中国菜的区别之一是烹饪方法。G 选项可以承接下文，且根据下文的 Another big difference 和选项中 One of the main differences 相呼应，故选 G。 【18 题详解】 根据下文的 Some ingredients — like carrots, onions and tomatoes — are not often used in authentic Chinese cooking.(一些配料，如胡萝卜、洋葱和西红柿，在正宗的中国菜中并不常用)可知，B 选项中的 vegetables 和 like carrots, onions and tomatoes 相呼应，且语义(西化的中国菜以西餐中常见的蔬菜为特色)承接上下文， 故选 B。 【19 题详解】 根据下文的 Sweet and Sour Chicken, for example, has no equivalent(同等物)in traditional Chinese cuisine.(糖醋 鸡在中国传统烹饪中就没有类似的食物)可知，E 选项的语义(许多在西方最受欢迎的中国菜在中国餐馆里根 本不存在)可以承接下文，且 Sweet and Sour Chicken 和 the most popular Chinese dishes in the West 相呼应， are not served 和 has no equivalent 相呼应，故选 E。 【20 题详解】 根 据 前 文 的 Indeed, there are numerous differences between authentic and westernized Chinese cuisine, but Western palates (味觉) adapt to new flavors easily. (的确，正宗的中国菜和西化的中国菜有很多不同之处，但 是西方人的口味很容易适应新的口味)可知，D 选项在语义(所以，正宗的中国菜在美国流行也许只是时间 问题)上与前文是因果关系，故选 D。 【点睛】七选五常用的做题方法之一是单词复现法。这种复现法可以是同一个单词重复出现，也可以同源 单词或者上下义单词的前后呼应，比如第 3 小题，就属于上下义单词的前后呼应，B 选项中的 vegetables 和 下文的 like carrots, onions and tomatoes 属于上下义单词，由此可以判断是 B 选项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Dino Impagliazzo cuts onions like a professional cook. The Italian man makes a great vegetable soup, ____21____ most of his longtime “customers” can’t ____22____ pay for a piece of bread. Working with a much younger man, the 90-year-old, Impagliazzo is known as Rom’s “chef of the ____23____.” Three days a week, he sets out to gather ____24____ with other volunteers. They are all part of RomAmoR (RomeLove), a group that he started. The ____25____ go to markets and bakeries to collect ____26____ food. The other four days of the week, RomAmoR volunteers cook food and ____27____ it in different places across the city. Such efforts help Impagliazzo ____28____ his dream of feeding the homeless. It all ____29____ 15 years ago when a homeless man at a Rome train station asked impagliazzo for money to buy a sandwich. “I realized that perhaps ____30____ buying one sandwich, making some sandwiches for him and for the friends who were there would be better, and thus began our ____31____,” he said. He launched (开始从事) his work to ____32____ the needy with other retired people. Now there are more than 300 volunteers, both young and old. Impagliazzo recently received a(n) ____33____ from Italian President. He was recognized as a “hero of our times”. He never ____34____ his idea would become so ____35____. 21. A. though B. but C. so D. when 22. A. still B. either C. even D. yet 23. A. poor B. old C. rich D. yet 24. A. clothes B. children C. money D. food 25. A. cooks B. friends C. volunteers D. managers 26. A. frozen B. donated C. fast D. canned 27. A. serve B. gather C. sell D. throw 28. A. put forward B. see to C. take over D. live out 29. A. arrived B. predicted C. began D. appeared 30. A. instead of B. because of C. in case of D. for lack of 31. A. training B. adventure C. exploration D. research 32. A. inspire B. protect C. feed D. save 33. A. award B. permit C. cup D. menu 34. A. promised B. agreed C. admitted D. dreamed 35. A. impressive B. lovable C. successful D. colorful 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了一位意大利 90 岁高龄的老人 Dino Impagliazzo 给那些无家可归的人提供食物 的爱心故事。 【21 题详解】 考查连词辨析。句意：这位意大利男子做的蔬菜汤很棒，但是他的长期“客户”大部分甚至无法买一块面包。 A. though 尽管；B. but 但是；C. so 所以；D. when 当......。分析语境可知，此处 but 表示转折，意为“但是”。 故选 B 项。 【22 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这位意大利男子做的蔬菜汤很棒，但是他的长期“客户”大部分甚至无法买一块面 包。A.still 仍然；B.either 也；C.yet 还，尚；D.even 甚至。由下文“his dream of feeding the homeless”可知 Dino Impagliazzo 的“顾客”，也就是他帮助的那些人都是无家可归或者境遇不好的人，此处 even 是说他的大多数 常客甚至付不起一片面包的钱。even 符合语境。故选 C 项。 【23 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：90 岁的 Impagliazzo 与比自己年轻得多的男人一起工作，被称为罗姆餐厅“穷 人大厨”。A. poor 贫穷的；B. old 老的；C. rich 富有的；D. young 年轻的。根据下文“his dream of feeding the homeless”可知 Dino Impagliazzo 帮助的是无家可归之人，即“穷人”，所以他是“穷人的厨师”。故选 A 项。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每周三天，他开始与其他志愿者一起收集食物。A. clothes 衣服；B. children 儿 童；C. money 钱；D. food 食物。由下文“The other four days of the week , RomAmoR volunteers cook food”可 知其他 4 天，志愿者们 cook food，所以此处应是指 Dino Impagliazzo 和其他的志愿者们收集食物。故选 D 项。 【25 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：志愿者去市场和面包店收集捐赠的食物。A. cooks 厨师；B. friends 朋友；C. volunteers 志愿者；D. managers 经理。根据“Three days a week, he sets out to gather ......with other volunteers.” 可知，是志愿者去市场和面包店收集捐赠的食物。故选 C 项。 【26 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：志愿者去市场和面包店收集捐赠的食物。A. frozen 冷冻的；B. donated 捐赠的； C. fast 快速的；D. canned 罐装的。此处表示志愿者去市场和面包店收集捐赠的食物以烹饪给无家可归的穷 人们。故选 B 项。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他 4 天，RomAmoR 的志愿者们自己做食物，然后在城市的不同地方分发食物。 A.serve 提供；B.gather 收集；C.sell 卖，售；D.throw 扔。根据后文“his dream of feeding the homeless.”可知 这些食物是提供给无家可归的人的。故选 A 项。 【28 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些努力帮助 Impagliazzo 实现了为无家可归者提供食物的梦想。A.put forward 提出；B.see to 负责；C.take over 接管；D.live out 实现。根据后文“his dream of feeding the homeless.”以及“Such efforts”可知此处意为“实现梦想”。故选 D。 【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一切始于 15 年前，当时罗马火车站的一个无家可归的人向 impagliazzo 要钱来 购买三明治。A. arrived 到达；B. predicted 预测；C. began 开始；D. appeared 出现。分析“15 years ago”可知， 本句的主语 it 是指“这一切”，也就是 Impagliazzo 助人为乐这件事，是 15 年前开始的。故选 C。 【30 题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：我意识到也许给他和那些在火车站的朋友做三明治，而不是买一个要好得多。 A.instead of 代替，而不是；B.because of 因为；C.in case of 假如；防备；D.for lack 因为缺少。根据前文“his dream of feeding the homeless.”可知他希望为无家可归的人做食物，因此此处是想为这些人做三明治而不是 买三明治。故选 A 项。 【31 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是就开始了我们的不同寻常的经历。A.training 训练；B.adventure 冒险经历； C.exploration 探险；D.research 研究。根据后文“He launched (开始从事) his work to ...... the needy with other retired people. ”可知于是就开始了我们的不同寻常的经历。故选 B 项。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他和其他退休的人一起为那些穷人提供食物。A.inspire 鼓舞，给……以灵感； B.protect 保护；C.feed 向……提供食物；D.save 救，节省。根据上文“his dream of feeding the homeless.”可知 他和其他退休的人一起为那些穷人提供食物。故选 C 项。 【33 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Impagliazzo的事迹得到了人们和政府的认可，他最近收到了意大利总统颁的奖。 A. award 奖彰；B. permit 许可；C. cup 杯子；D. menu 菜单。根据“from Italian President. ”可知，Impagliazzo 的事迹得到了意大利总统的表彰。故选 A 项。 【34 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从未梦想过，他的想法会成功。A. promised 承诺；B. agreed 同意；C. admitted 承认；D. dreamed 梦想。他从未梦想过，他的想法会成功。故选 D 项。 【35 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他从未梦想过，他的想法会成功。A.impressive 印象深刻的；B.lovable 可爱的； C.successful 成功的；D.colorful 多彩的。根据上文“ Now there are more than 300 volunteers, both young and old. He was recognized as a “hero of our times”.”他本人没有想到会如此成功。故选 C 项。 【点睛】 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Benefits of Learning by Involvement There is nothing like the pressure of the classroom to make you feel nervous and even hold you back. Learning by doing, by participating, is very effective. In fact, it ____36____ (believe) that our athletic skills and language learning skills are located in ____37____ same area of the brain and indeed this is how children learn. Living with a family makes the language familiar, literally ____38____ (bring) it home to you. To really appreciate and understand another language you need ____39____ (understand) its culture and philosophy the only way to do that is to put yourself in it. It will be an adventure, and no doubt there’ll be some ____40____ (expect) elements. But it will ____41____ (certain) be memorable and you’ll have plenty of tales to tell on your return. Your everyday life is lived in that language, ____42____ it is peeling the potatoes or feeding the cat! The exchange is natural and meaningful. It’s a big difference from the grammar and structure in classroom ____43____ (textbook). Every single interaction or conversation, from buying a bus ticket ____44____ making new friends will be in this language. You give ____45____ (you) no choice but to learn it and every reason to learn it well! 【答案】36. is believed 37. the 38. bringing 39. to understand 40. unexpected 41. certainly 42. whether 43. textbooks 44. to 45. yourself 【解析】 【分析】 这是 一篇说明文。文章讲述了学习语言的有效方式是参与或运用，并加以举例证明。 【36 题详解】 考查时态和固定句式。句意：事实上，据认为，我们的运动技能和语言学习技能都处于大脑的同一个区域。 it is believed that ...是固定句型，意为“据认为......”，根据上下文时态，应该用一般现在时态。故填 is believed。 【37 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：事实上，据认为我们的运动技能和语言学习技能都处于大脑的同一个区域。the same 是 固定搭配，“同样的.”。故填 the。 【38 题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：和家人生活在一起使得语言很熟悉，真正地让你熟知它。分析句子结构可知，此空在 句中作伴随状语，与逻辑主语 Living with a family 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词。故填 bringing。 【39 题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：要想真正欣赏并理解另一种语言，你需要理解它的文化和哲学。need to do sth 需要做某 事。故填 to understand。 【40 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：毫无疑问，(过程中)会有一些没有预料到的东西。分析句子结构可知，此空在句中做定 语，修饰名词 elements，所以用形容词；再根据上下文意思，应该是在学习语言的过程中，会遇到一些没有 预料到的事情。故填 unexpected。 【41 题详解】 考查副词。句意：但是这一定是记忆深刻的，而作为回报你会有很多故事可以讲。分析句子结构可知，certain 在本句中修饰谓语动词 be，应该用副词。故填 certainly。 【42 题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：你的日常生活就是在这种语言中过的，无论是在削土豆还是在喂猫。句中 whether...or... 是固定搭配，“无论是...还是...”，引导让步状语从句。故填 whether。 【43 题详解】 考查名词。句意：这与课堂上学的语法和结构是有很大不同的。分析句子结构可知，此空做介词 in 的宾语， 意为“在课堂上的教科书里”，textbook 为可数名词，根据句意，应该用复数。故填 textbooks。 【44 题详解】 考查介词。句意：每一个简单的互动或对话，从买汽车票到交新朋友，都会用这种语言。from... to...为固定 搭配，“从...到...”。故填 to。 【45 题详解】 考查代词。句意：你除了学它，并且学好它，别无选择。空处作 give 的宾语，根据句意可知此处表示“你自 己”。故填 yourself。 【点睛】 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 46. 假定你是李华。你班定于本周六去郊区河边植树。请你给交换生 Alan 写一封邮件，邀请他参加，内容 包括： 1. 时间、地点； 2. 必要装备。 注意：1. 词数 80 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【答案】Dear Alan, This Saturday, our class has scheduled to plant trees on the river banks in the suburbs. I’m writing to invite you to take part in this meaningful activity. We will gather at the school gate at seven and then take a bus there. All we need to do is wearing sports shoes and loose trousers. Please bring a towel as we are certainly going to sweat a lot. Please don’t be late and we will set off on time. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。 【详解】第 1 步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华。你班定于本周六去郊区河边植树。请你给交换生 Alan 写 一封邮件，邀请他参加，内容包括：1. 时间、地点；2. 必要装备。 第 2 步：根据写作要求，确定关键词(组)：plant trees (植树)；suburb(郊外)；invite sb. to do sth.(邀请某人做 某事)；take part in(参加)；meaningful(有意义的)；the school gate(学校门口)；take a bus(坐公交)；sports shoe(运 动鞋)；loose trousers(宽松的裤子)；set off(出发)等。 第 3 步：根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般将来时 和一般现在时。 第 4 步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美 观的卷面是非常重要的。 【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如 Please bring a towel as we are certainly going to sweat a lot.运用原因状语从句；Please don’t be late and we will set off on time.运用“祈使句+and+简单句”结构。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。 另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。 第二节(满分 25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为 150 左右。 Kent was a manager of a furniture agency. His establishment nearly went bankrupt (倒闭)because of the wrong decision he had made. He was so regretful and depressed that he planned to drive to a bar alone to release his emotions. It was near midnight in an extremely cold winter, and the temperature was minus 9 degrees centigrade. There were few people in the street. Suddenly, a figure of an old madam entered his line of sight. She was standing sideways near a platform, dressed in a plain coat, dragging a suitcase, and holding a plastic bag in the other hand. The slight old lady was seemingly more than 80. She was trembling in cutting wind. Now she kept motioning Kent for a ride. Although Kent was somewhat angry about the old madam's disturbing，he wouldn't like to leave her in the cold night. He noticed she coughed violently and thought that she might be ill and really needed help. So he braked near her. The madam said, "Would you please take me for a ride? I can offer double fare. . . " Kent interrupted her, "I will charge you nothing! Come on!" The madam pointed to her luggage and said, "Could you put my suitcase into the car?" Kent stepped out and put it in the trunk. Kent proceeded to drive. He stopped at a petrol station where he wanted to purchase gallons of gasoline (汽油). During the interval they waited in a queue，the madam began her narration, "Could you please send me to the charity house in the suburbs? I want to send them something. I had been given help there 50 years ago. The president and workers were all good guys." She burst into tears，"Now they've all passed away. The life was tough at that time, but we all loved and cared about each other. I've held a desire to be back there again for long." Kent realized the madam was recalling a section of the good missing days. A complicated feeling surrounded him, and he decided to cancel his plan and stay with the old madam. Paragraph 1 ： After a two-hour drive，they came to the gate of their destination. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2 ： Hearing this, Kent lapsed into silence, because he knew the rest home was for patients with incurable diseases. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1 ： After a two-hour drive, they carne to the gate of their destination. It was quiet and dark. The door of the charity house was closed and a weak light went through the guard room. Kent got off the car and rang the bell. An old doorkeeper came out. Making clear why they came, they were invited in. The old madam handed her suitcase over to the doorkeeper, inside it being clothes arid toys she collected. Then they looked round the house and left. On the way back, the old madam asked for another ride, "Please send me to the rest home in the town. sir." Paragraph 2 ： Hearing this, Kent lapsed into silence, because he knew the rest home was for patients with incurable diseases. "I have been seriously ill for a long time and will soon die of lung cancer. I come out to say goodbye to my life. Now I will have no regrets before death. Thanks for your help!" The madam made an explanation calmly, with a bright smile on her face. Kent remained silent for a while. He was chewing over what the madam said, and glad that he could help her realize the last desire. 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇读后续写。文章主要讲述了 Kent 在寒冷的夜晚遇到了一个老人，并同意带她郊区慈善机构的故事。 【详解】续写分为两段。第一段的开头是：两小时车程后，他们到达了目的地的大门。所以可以接着写： 天色很暗，到处都很安静，大门里的建筑里透出了微弱的光。Kent 下车给门卫说明情况后，门卫让他们进 去。老人把装满衣服和玩具的箱子交给门卫。他们围着建筑四处转了一下，然后离开了。路上，女士要求 Kent 把她送到市里的疗养院。 第二段的开头是：听了女士的话 Kent 陷入了沉思，因为他知道疗养院是专门为那些有不治之症的病人准备 的。看到 Kent 的样子，女士说:“我生了很严重病，已近是癌症晚期，很快就到生命的尽头了。今天我是 去和从前的生活说再见的，现在，我没有遗憾了。非常感谢你。”女士说话的时候面带笑容，丝毫看不出 悲伤。Kent 此刻觉得很感激，感激他能有机会帮助这位女士实现最后的愿望。 续写时需注意情节要符合逻辑，基础时态为一般过去时。 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。 作者在范文中使用了一些高级表达，例如：The old madam handed her suitcase over to the doorkeeper, inside it being clothes arid toys she collected.中使用了独立主格；The madam made an explanation calmly, with a bright smile on her face.中使用了 with 复合结构；He was chewing over what the madam said, and glad that he could help her realize the last desire. 中 what 引导宾语从句。这些表达的使用使文章色彩纷呈。