【英语】2018届二轮复习动词考点及典题演练学案（9页word版） 11页

‎2018届二轮复习 动词考点及典题演练 ‎【基础回顾】‎ 考点一：考查动词用法辨析 Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to _______ a good researcher. ‎ A. make B. turn C. get D. grow 考点二：考查近义词辨析 ‎—How much does this store often _______ for such large eggs ?‎ ‎—Only $ 65 US cents a dozen . It was a real bargain. ‎ A. demand B. cost C. pay D. charge 考点三：考查词形相近词辨析 Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to ________ the soul of Qu Yuan.‎ A. remember B. remind C. recover D. recall 考点四：考查动词词义辨析 Shakespeare's writing is still popular today. It has really ________ the test of time.‎ A. failed B. stood C. taken D. conducted ‎(1) 动词词义辨析 ‎ 动词词义辨析一直都是高考考查的重点，这类题绝大部分情况下所给的四个选项的含义各不相同、没有关联性，此时考查的是对题干和语境的理解，偶尔也考查近义词的辨析。近三年考查到的动词词义辨析词有：①sacrifice；substitute；simplify；survive ②conclude；lead；avoid；hold ③persuade；promise；invite；support ④open；narrow；widen；leave ⑤make；turn；take；have ⑥differ；shrink；fail；decline ⑦sponsor；launch；organize；plan ⑧tell；remind；warn；advise ‎(2)动词的熟词生义 动词的考查要求学生熟练掌握一些高频动词的词义和搭配。此外，从近几年各地区的高考试题情况来看，动词的熟词新义在具体语境中的运用也应高度重视。经常考查的动词有：①acknowledge承认；就……表示感谢； 告知收到(信件等)；对……打招呼 ②say 说；表明；宣称，声明 ③observe观察；注意到；遵守，奉行(法律、习俗、规章等)；纪念，庆祝 ④cover 覆盖；涉及；包含；包括，涉及；论及；负担支付；够付(费用)；采访关于……的新闻；报道(……的新闻等)；走过(若干里)，走完(一段路程) ⑤escape逃走、逃脱；被遗忘、没被记住 ⑥strike打、敲击；突然想起(到)、一下子想起 ⑦pick 摘；挑选；扒窃 ⑧deliver递送，传送；讲课；发表(演说)；生孩子，为某人接生 ⑨drive驾车；迫使 ⑩suit同(某人)相配；合……的心意，对……方便 ‎【技能方法】‎ 解题建议：‎ 一、必须从各个动词的语意差别、用法特点等方面入手，然后通过题干关键词来把握语境，选择符合句意的动词。‎ 二、对于动词的熟词生义用法，要进行专门积累，并强化复习和运用。‎ 三、对于动词，尤其是高频的动词一定要概括与总结，并通过练习进行强化。‎ 典题演练 ‎1． A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help ________your year ahead.‎ A．shape B．switch ‎ C．stretch D．sharpen A　[解析] 考查动词辨析。根据题意可知此处表示“规划你的来年”，故shape“塑 造，规划”，符合句意。switch转换；stretch伸展；sharpen提高，改善。句意：在年底快速回顾你的成功和失败有助于规划你的来年。‎ ‎2. Working with the medical team in Africa has ________ the best in her as a doctor.‎ A．held out B．brought out ‎ C．picked out D．given out ‎3．Mr and Mrs Brown would like to see their daughter ________， get married, and have kids.‎ A．settle down B．keep off ‎ C．get up D．cut in A　[解析] 考查动词短语。根据“…get married, and have kids.”可知是安顿下来，然后结婚生子。settle down安顿下来，定居；keep off使避开，不接近；get up起床，站起来；cut in插嘴，打断别人说话。句意：布朗夫妇希望看到女儿安顿下来，结婚生子。学科网 ‎4. Fred let ________ that he was prepared to leave company when the new manager took office.‎ A. secret B. slip C. promise D. standard ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查短语搭配。let slip意为偶然说出，偶然泄露（秘密）等，后面常跟that从句说明偶然泄露的内容，其他选项均不能与let搭配。故选B。‎ ‎5. — How much do you charge for the iPhone?‎ ‎— Well, it cost me $ 400,but I’ll ________ 20% as it’s no longer new.‎ A. reduce to B. decrease to C. knock off D. cut off ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查短语辨析。A. reduce to减少至；B. decrease to 降低至；C. knock off减少；D. cut off切断，剪下。题意为"因为手机不是新的，所以价格减少20％"。故选C。‎ ‎6. — What about the protection of these new machines?‎ ‎— Let’s keep the surface ________ dust by putting a cover over them.‎ A. far from B. apart from C. free from D. away from ‎【答案】C ‎7. — What do you think of the professor’s speech?‎ ‎— I was listening carefully but I could not ________ everything he said. He spoke too many local idioms.‎ A. take on B. take in C. take up D. take over ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查短语辨析。A. take on承担，呈现；B. take in理解，接受；C. take up拿起，从事； D. take over接任，接管。根据句意“我很认真地听，但我一点也不理解他说的话。他说了太多的当地俗语了”可知，B选项合适。故选B。‎ ‎8. It is widely acknowledged in foreign companies that employees should be ________ in terms of innovation capability.‎ A. examined B. evolved C. evaluated D. encouraged ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查动词辨析。A. examined测试；B. evolved进化，发展；C. evaluated评估，评价；D. encouraged鼓励。根据句意“在外企，众所周知，应从创新能力这一方面来评估员工”。故选C。‎ ‎9. — David is a green hand at such things.‎ ‎— But I believe he is quite ________ to the task.‎ A. relevant B. accessible C. equal D. unique ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查形容词辨析。四个选项与be··to搭配后的意思分别为A. relevant与··相关；B. accessible易受影响的；C. equal与··相等；等于 D. unique 只有··才有。根据题意“但是我相信他能胜任这项任务”可知，C项合适。故选C。‎ ‎10. — It really annoys me when one’s smart phone goes off during a meeting!‎ ‎— Yeah, me too. It really ________.‎ A. beats my brains out B. pulls my leg C. gets on my nerves D. hangs in here ‎【答案】C ‎11. We’d better discuss everything ___________ before we work out the plan.‎ A. in detail B. in general C. on purpose D. in time[来源:Z&xx&k.Com]‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：在我们制定计划之前，我们最好详细地讨论每件事。in detail详细地；in general通常，大体上；on purpose故意地；on time准时，按时。故选A。‎ ‎12. Whether the buildings in this area should be pulled down has remained _______; people are still looking for other possible solutions.‎ A. unchallenged B. relevant C. contradictory D. controversial ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】试题分析：A未受到挑战的；不成问题的；未引起争论的；无异议的；B有关的，中肯的；相关联的；确切的；有重大意义[作用]的；D ‎ adj.矛盾的；反驳的；抗辩的；句义：这个地区的建筑物是否要被拆毁事关重大，人们仍然在寻找其他可能的解决方法。根据句义说明本句的relevant表示有重大意义的。故B正确。‎ ‎13. Under good treatment, many patients are beginning to ________ and will soon recover.‎ A. turn up B. catch up C. pick up D. show up ‎【答案】C ‎14. No matter how carefully you plan your finances, no one can _______ when the unexpected will happen A. prove B. imply C. demand D. predict ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】动词prove证明，结果是…；imply涉及…；demand要求，命令；predict预测；预见；句意：无论你多么详细地计划你的经济，没有人能够预测那些无法预料的事情何时回发生。根据but说明上下文之间是转折关系，虽然你做了详细的计划，但是意料之外的事情是无法预料的。根据句意说明D正确。‎ ‎15.Mr. Green is always devoted to his work and has a sense of responsibility. That’s why he was asked to _______the company when manager’s health was declining.‎ A. take over B. hand over C. turn over D. trip over ‎【答案】A ‎16.________ from J.K. Rowling’s book series of the same title, the “Harry Potter” movies are universally acknowledged as classics.‎ A. Adapting B. Having adapted C. Adapted D. To be adapted ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】试题分析:句意：根据乔安妮·凯瑟琳·罗琳的同名小说改编，哈利波特电影被人们普遍认为是经典影片。从结构可知此处是非谓语短语做状语，和句子主语之间是被动关系，过去分词表示被动完成，而to be done 表示将来，故答案选C。‎ ‎17. Mr. Green is always devoted to his work and has a sense of responsibility. That’s why he was asked to _______the company when ‎ manager’s health was declining.‎ A. take over B. hand over C. turn over D. trip over ‎【答案】A