2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit1Greatscientists课时跟踪 人教版必修5 5页

Unit 1　Great scientists ‎———————————◄课时跟踪·一练而就►———————————‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2020届甘肃省高三诊断性测试)‎ British roads are some of the safest ones in the world. A study in 2018 that compared more than 30 countries found that 3.8 people per 100，000 died in traffic accidents in the U．K.. This number was lower than that in any other country. So, what did British drivers do to achieve this? What are they doing differently? Here are five top tips for drivers who are planning a trip to the U．K..‎ ‎•People in Britain drive on the left side of the road. In fact, a long time ago people drove on the left in most countries, but now only a few countries do this. Don't forget that. This also means you must drive the other way around roundabouts (环岛)．‎ ‎•British people feel that waiting should be fair for everybody. If you are in a queue of traffic, then don't try to push past the vehicles in front of yours. This is called “jumping the queue”. You must wait for your turn, otherwise people may get angry with you.‎ ‎•You must stop at traffic lights when they are red. In many countries, it is OK to go past the red lights if you are turning a corner or if there isn't any other traffic around. In the U．K. you could have lots of trouble if you do this.‎ ‎•If other drivers flash their car lights at you, then they are probably trying to tell you that they will wait for you to go first. British people don't like to use their car horn much and they think people who do that are rude.‎ ‎•If you are involved in an accident, then don't try to pay the police. The police in the U．K. never take money. And if you try to offer them some, you could end your holiday by visiting British prison.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　英国发生交通事故的概率相对于其他国家来讲很低，这与其健全的交通体制有密切关系。本文介绍了在英国驾驶的注意事项并提出了几点建议。‎ ‎1．When you are driving in the U．K., what should you do?‎ A．Drive past slow cars in front of yours.‎ B．Drive on the right around roundabouts.‎ C．Sometimes pay the police to avoid trouble.‎ D．Not go past red lights even when turning left.‎ - 5 -‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三条建议可知，在很多国家，红色交通信号灯亮的时候车辆是可以转弯的，但这种行为在英国不被允许。故选D项。‎ ‎2．What do drivers usually mean if they flash their car lights at you when you are driving in the U．K.?‎ A．You have done something rude.‎ B．They would like you to go first.‎ C．There are possible dangers ahead.‎ D．They want you to wait for them.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四条建议可知，在英国，如果司机向你闪车灯，可能是想要告诉你让你先行通过。故选B项。‎ ‎3．What's the text mainly about?‎ A．Special traffic rules in the U．K..‎ B．Advice for safe driving in the U．K..‎ C．How to deal with traffic accidents.‎ D．Tips for making the U．K. travel plans.‎ 解析：选B　主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Here are five top tips for drivers who are planning a trip to the U．K..”可知，本文为在英国驾驶的司机提出了一些安全驾驶的建议。故选B项。‎ B ‎(2020届吉林省长春市高三质检)‎ ‎“Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic，” Arthur C． Clarke famously wrote. That line must have sounded through 5，000 audience brains when CEO Sundar Pichai demonstrated (演示) a new artificialintelligence product called Google Duplex.‎ Duplex can make reservations at restaurants and hair salons—by placing a phone call to their human receptionists. It perfectly sounds like a human voice, even with “ums”， hesitations and realistic inflections (转调). Here's a short part of the demonstration: ‎ Duplex AI：“Hi. I'm calling to book a woman's haircut for a customer. Um, I'm looking for something around 12 P. M. on May 3.”‎ Human receptionist: “Sure. Give me one second...”‎ Duplex AI：“Mmhmm.”‎ Human receptionist：“Sorry, the closest we have to that is a 1∶15.”‎ - 5 -‎ Duplex AI: “Do you have anything between ‎10 A. M. and, uh, 12 P. M．？”‎ Human receptionist: “Okay, we have a 10 o'clock.”‎ Many felt how morally wrong it is to act like a human and cheat others. However, Rishi Chandra, vice president for home product management at Google said, “We'll spend much time on different ways to let the receptionists know and inform them that the call is being recorded.”‎ Meanwhile Duplex really does fill a need. “How do we bridge this idea that I want to order a pizza, but my local pizza house's not online？” Chandra says. “Today only a very small number of people can have personal assistants doing these things for them. Now can we make that accessible to everyone？”‎ Receptionists will become accustomed to getting calls from Duplex just as we got used to speaking to Siri on phones or automated (自动化的) menu systems on service hotlines. Someday small businesses will not have to waste time on phone calls, either. Your AI will call their AI—no human interaction required. Then the only question is, what will we do with all our new free time?‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文介绍了人工智能产品Google Duplex具备与人类对话的功能这一研究成果。‎ ‎4．What is suggested in the first paragraph?‎ A．5，000 audience enjoyed the sound Duplex made.‎ B．Arthur C． Clarke wrote a famous story about Duplex.‎ C．What Duplex can do is so amazing that it's like magic.‎ D．The name Google Duplex was given by Sundar Pichai.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，Google Duplex在演示过程中让在场观众体会到像Arthur C．Clarke所说的“已经与魔法无异”的程度。故选C。‎ ‎5．What is shown in the conversation between Duplex AI and a human receptionist?‎ A．Duplex AI is not so patient as a human receptionist.‎ B．Duplex AI can find the customer a perfect haircut.‎ C．Duplex AI perfectly makes reservations like a human.‎ D．Duplex AI cannot make an appointment to the exact time.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，作者举Google Duplex和人对话的例子是为了展示人工智能能够像人类一样发音并处理沟通过程中出现的问题。故选C。‎ ‎6．How will life change with an AI in the future?‎ - 5 -‎ A．AI will do small things for humans.‎ B．People will not waste time on phone calls.‎ C．Siri and automated menu systems will be used.‎ D．AI communication can replace human communication.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，未来的人工智能甚至不需要人类的参与，就可以直接进行通话来处理一些小事。故选A。‎ ‎7．What is the best title for the passage?‎ A．A Newly Invented Classic Magic B．Moral Problems Caused by AI C．How to Make Reservations on the Phone D．I'll Have My AI Call Your AI 解析：选D　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了人工智能的部分应用功能及发展前景。且由最后一段中的“Your AI will call their AI—no human interaction required.”可知， D项为最佳标题。故选D。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2020届湖北省武汉市外国语学校高三质检)‎ For many people, working from home part time or full time can be an attractive option. 1 . You'll have to plan out your strategy, work out all the little details, and then put in the work to make it happen.‎ Evaluate your talents.‎ Keep in mind that there is a huge difference between talents and things you enjoy. 2 . Think about your skills that you do better than anyone else.‎ Assess your financing needs.‎ While starting a business from home can be more affordable than starting a traditional business, you will still need money to get started. 3 . If you don't have a lot in savings, you can get a business loan to get started, but this would mean afterwards being responsible for a loan.‎ Know your competition.‎ If you plan on working from home locally, look around town for other businesses offering the same services or products. You'll have to find a way to stand out from the competition. Be sure to check around and analyze your competitors' pricing. 4 ．‎ ‎ 5 ．‎ If no business ideas are coming to mind, think about some of the tried home business ‎ - 5 -‎ types. Some common ideas include tutoring, tax preparation, accounting, web designing, dance instructing. These home based business ideas just require your personal skills. ‎ A．Understand the needs of your market B．Consider some of the more common ideas C．Most of these business ideas can also be done online D．Think about how much money you will need to cover all the initial costs E．Just because you enjoy something does not mean you can turn it into a business F．However, like starting any other business, it requires planning and personal devotion G．If you can offer the same product for less, you may be able to draw some of their customers away ‎【语篇解读】　本文介绍了在家里创业需要做的一些规划，包括评价自己的才能、评估经济需求、了解竞争对手，还有一些其他常见的商业理念等。‎ ‎1．解析：选F　根据上文可知，对于许多人来说，在家里兼职或全职工作都是一个不错的选择。而空后说的是对此应付出的努力，故空处与上文之间应是转折关系。故F项符合语境。‎ ‎2．解析：选E　根据本段的小标题及空处上一句“记住，天赋和你喜欢的东西之间有很大的区别”可知，空处应是说明天赋与喜欢的东西之间的关系。故E项符合语境。‎ ‎3．解析：选D　根据本段的小标题Assess your financing needs.可知，本段的内容与资金有关。由上文可知，在家创业仍然需要钱。故D项符合语境。‎ ‎4．解析：选G　根据上文“Be sure to check around and analyze your competitors' pricing.”可知，空处应是表述赢得顾客的方法。故G项符合语境。‎ ‎5．解析：选B　分析文章结构可知，本空应是本段的小标题。根据下文“If no business ideas are coming to mind，think about some of the tried home business types.”可知，本段介绍了一些常见的商业理念。故B项符合语境。‎ - 5 -‎