北京师大附中2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题 31页

北京师大附中2019-2020学年上学期高一年级期末考试 英语试卷 本试卷有四道大题。考试时长100分钟，满分150分。‎ 一、听力理解(共三节，20分)‎ 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，共5分)‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。‎ ‎1. Where does the conversation take place?‎ A. In a taxi. B. On a plane. C. On a bus.‎ ‎2. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?‎ A. Mother and son. B. Husband and wife. C. Customer and waitress.‎ ‎3. What is the man doing?‎ A. Offering his help. B. Asking for a day off. C. Making an appointment.‎ ‎4. Who is the boss going to meet?‎ A. Pete. B. Joan. C. Mark.‎ ‎5. How does the woman feel now?‎ A. Nervous. B. Sad. C. Sick.‎ 第二节(共10小题:每小题1分，共10分)‎ 听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。‎ ‎6. Why is the woman leaving for New York?‎ A. To learn painting. B. To travel around. C. To find a job.‎ ‎7. What does the man think of the woman's driving to New York?‎ A. Comfortable. B. Exciting. C. Unbelievable.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。‎ ‎8. Which is not included in the shopping list this time?‎ A. Peanut butter. B. Fruit. C. Milk.‎ ‎9. What does the woman suggest?‎ A. Buying more cookies.‎ B. Going shopping.‎ C. Eating less unhealthy food.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. What happens to the man?‎ A. He coughs badly. B. He has a headache. C. He has got a bad cold.‎ ‎11. Why does the man refuse to quit smoking?‎ A. He feels nervous without it.‎ B. It helps him to be refreshed.‎ C. He doesn't think it is a problem.‎ ‎12. What will the man probably do next?‎ A. See a doctor. B. Try chewing gum. C. Try tobacco replacers.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。‎ ‎13. What is the speaker doing?‎ A. Telling stories about the park.‎ B. Announcing the tour schedule.‎ C. Introducing the history of the park.‎ ‎14. Where are the tourists between 11:00 and 12:00?‎ A. On the boat.‎ B. On the bus.‎ C. On the hill.‎ ‎15. Where will the speaker collect the tourists?‎ A. By the lake. B. At the east gate. C. At the north gate.‎ 第三节(共5小题;每小题1分，共5分)‎ 听下面一段对话，完成第16至20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听对话前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。‎ John's Farewell Party Plan Time ‎16 , May 12th Place the College 17 Room Guests John and his wife the 18‎ the office staff all the teachers and students Present to prepare a set of 19‎ Person to give speech the student 20‎ 二、完形填空(本大题共20小题，共30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ I was a single parent of four small children, working at a low-paid job. Money was always tight, but we had a___1___ over our heads, food on the table, clothes on our backs, and if not a lot, always ___2___. Not knowing we were poor, my kids (孩子们) just thought I was ___3___. I’ve always been glad about that.‎ It was Christmas time, and although there wasn’t ___4___ for a lot of gifts, we planned to celebrate with a family party. But the big ___5___ for the kids was the fun of Christmas ___6___.‎ They planned weeks ahead of time, asking ___7___ what they wanted for Christmas. Fortunately, I had saved $120 for ___8___ to share by all five of us.‎ The big ___9___ arrived. I gave each kid a twenty-dollar bill and _____10_____ them to look for gifts of about four dollars each. Then everyone scattered (散开). We had two hours to shop; then we would _____11_____ back at the “Santa’s Workshop”.‎ Driving home, everyone was in high Christmas spirits, _____12_____ my younger daughter, Ginger, who was unusually _____13_____. She had only one small, flat bag with a few candies — fifty-cent candies! I was so angry, but I didn’t say anything _____14_____ we got home. I called her into my bedroom and closed the door, _____15_____ to be angry again. This is what she told me.‎ ‎“I was looking _____16_____ thinking of what to buy, and I _____17_____ to read the little cards on the ‘Giving Trees.’ One was for a little girl, four years old, and all she _____18_____ for Christmas was a doll. So I took the card off the tree and _____19_____ the doll for her. We have so much and she doesn’t have anything.”‎ I never felt so _____20_____ as I did that day.‎ ‎1. A. roof B. hat C. sky D. star ‎2. A. little B. less C. enough D. more ‎3. A. busy B. serious C. strict D. kind ‎4. A. effort B. room C. time D. money ‎5. A. improvement B. problem C. surprise D. excitement ‎6. A. shopping B. travelling C. parties D. greetings ‎7. A. the other B. each other C. one by one D. every other one ‎8. A. toys B. clothes C. presents D. bills ‎9. A. day B. chance C. cheque D. tree ‎10. A. forced B. reminded C. invited D. begged ‎11. A. draw B. stay C. move D. meet ‎12. A. including B. besides C. except D. regarding ‎13. A. quiet B. excited C. happy D. ashamed ‎14. A. since B. after C. while D. until ‎15. A. waiting B. ready C. hoping D. afraid ‎16. A. out B. over C. forward D. around ‎17. A. forgot B. stopped C. failed D. hated ‎18. A. wanted B. did C. got D. played ‎19. A. made B. searched C. bought D. fetched ‎20. A. angry B. rich C. patient D. bitter ‎【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D 12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B 16. D 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了圣诞节那天，作者得知她的小女儿用自己买礼物的钱给一个陌生的小女孩买了娃娃这件事后，母亲的内心感受——从未有过的富有。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们家的钱总是很紧张，但是我们头上有屋顶，桌子上有食物，身上有衣服，如果不太多的话，也总是足够的。A. roof屋顶；B. hat帽子；C. sky天空；D. star星星。根据Money was always tight (经济紧张)和but表转折可知，我们头上有屋顶，即有房子居住。故选A。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们家的钱总是很紧张，但是我们头上有屋顶，桌子上有食物，身上有衣服，如果不太多的话，也总是足够的。A. little小的；B. less更少的；C. enough足够的；D. more更多的。根据语境可知，如果钱没有很多的话，也总是足够的。故选C。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们不知道家里穷，只是认为母亲对他们要求很严格。A. busy忙碌的；B. serious严重的；C. strict严格的；D. kind好心的。根据Not knowing we were poor可知，孩子们只是认为母亲对他们要求很严格。故选C。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是圣诞节，虽然没有钱买很多礼物，但我们计划举行家庭聚会庆祝。A. effort努力；B. room房间；C. time时间；D. money金钱。根据第一段 Money was always tight可知，我们没有钱买很多礼物。故选D。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是孩子们最大的兴奋是圣诞购物的乐趣。A. improvement改进，改善；B. problem问题；C. surprise惊喜；D. excitement让人兴奋的事情。根据下文They planned weeks ahead of time, asking ___7___ what they wanted for Christmas.可知，孩子们提前计划着要买什么圣诞礼物，而作者终于在圣诞节到来时攒了一笔钱带孩子们去购物。这说明圣诞节购物才是让孩子们最兴奋的事。故选D。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是孩子们最大的兴奋是圣诞购物的乐趣。A. shopping购物；B.‎ ‎ travelling旅游；C. parties晚会；D. greetings问候。根据后面的内容可知，对孩子而言，圣诞节最大的快乐就是购物。故选A。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 考查代词辨析。句意：四个孩子彼此询问他们圣诞节想要的礼物。A. the other (两个中的)另一个；B. each other彼此，互相；C. one by one一个接一个；D. every other one每隔一个。他们提前几个星期做准备，互相之间问圣诞节想要什么。故选B。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运是，我已经节省了120美元来买礼物。A. toys玩具；B. clothes衣服；C. presents礼物；D. bills账单。根据上文It was Christmas time, and although there wasn’t ___4___ for a lot of gifts, we planned to celebrate with a family party.可知，我已经节省了120美元来买礼物。故选C。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：重要的一天到来了。A. day一天；B. chance机会；C. cheque支票；D. tree树木。“The big day”指的是圣诞节那天。故选A。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我提醒孩子们买价钱大约是4美元的礼物。A. forced强迫；B. reminded提醒；C. invited邀请；D. begged乞求。我给每个孩子20美元的钞票，提醒他们买价格大约为4美元的礼物。故选B。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有两个小时去购物，然后我们会在“圣诞老人工作室”见面。A. draw画画；B. stay停留；C. move移动；D. meet见面。根据We had two hours to shop可知，此处是回来集合。故选D。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 考查介词辨析。句意：开车回家的时候，每个人都很开心，除了我的小女儿之外，她异乎寻常地安静。A. including包括；B. besides除……之外（包含该介词的宾语在内）；C. except除……之外（不包含该介词的宾语在内）；D. regarding关于，至于。根据下文She had only one small, flat bag with a few candies — fifty-cent candies!可知，每个人都很开心，除了我的小女儿之外。故选C。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：开车回家的时候，每个人都很开心，除了我的小女儿之外，她异乎寻常地安静。A. quiet安静的；B. excited兴奋的；C. happy高兴的D. ashamed惭愧的。根据语境可知，每个孩子都很兴奋，除了我的小女儿，她异于平常的安静。故选A。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 考查连接词辨析。句意：我什么都没有说，直到我们到了家。A. since自……以来；B. after在……之后；C. while当……的时候；D. until在……以前。固定搭配not...until...意为“直到……才……”，我很生气，但是在回到家前我什么也没说。故选D。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我把她叫到我的卧室，关上门，准备再次生气。A. waiting等待；B. ready准备好的；C. hoping希望；D. afraid害怕的。根据上文I was so angry可知，此处表示“准备再次生气”。故选B。‎ ‎16题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我环顾四周，想着要买什么，停下来看了看捐赠树上的小卡片。A. (look) out注意；B. (look) over检查；C. (look) forward期待；D. (look) around环顾四周。根据空后的thinking of what to buy可知，小女儿应该是在环顾四周，考虑买什么东西。故选D。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我环顾四周，想着要买什么，停下来看了看捐赠树上的小卡片。A. forgot忘记；B. stopped停下来；C. failed失败；D. hated讨厌。根据语境，小女儿停下来去看“捐赠树”上的小卡片。故选B。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个是一个四岁的小女孩的，她圣诞节想要的只是一个玩具娃娃。A. wanted想要；B. did做；C. got得到；D. played玩耍。圣诞节那个小女孩她所想要的是一个玩具娃娃。故选A。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我把卡片从树上摘下来给她买了她想要的娃娃。A. made做；B. searched调查；C. bought买；D. fetched取来。小女儿把卡片从树上拿下来，然后买了一个洋娃娃给她。故选C。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有像那天那样富有过。A. angry生气的；B. rich富有的；C. patient耐心的；D. bitter苦的。作者是单身母亲，家里很穷，但小女儿却买了礼物送给买不起的人，并认为自己家很富有，是女儿的所做所为让作者觉得自己很富有。此处与前句中的“We ‎ have so much”相呼应。故选B。‎ 三、阅读理解(本大题共15小题，共30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A New Jersey Botanical Garden Membership It’s easy to join New Jersey Botanical Garden (NJBG) Membership or renew your membership online, by phone or by mail. And it’s so important to the Botanical Garden! Your membership dollars help to improve the Garden, and provide educational and recreational (娱乐的) activities for the general public. Thank you for your support!‎ To join or renew, please click on the appropriate section and membership category below for safe and convenient online payment processing by PayPal.‎ If you prefer to join by phone or mail, call the NJBG office at (973) 962-9534 or download and send in our membership brochure (Adobe Acrobat PDF file).‎ ‎★Join NJBG Today Membership Category Individual Dual (两人共用)‎ Student Annual Dues ‎$35‎ ‎$60‎ ‎$25‎ Special: Save $5 with Biennial Dues(两年会费)‎ ‎$60‎ ‎$100‎ ‎$40‎ ‎★Renew Your Membership Membership Category Individual Dual Student Annual Dues ‎$30‎ ‎$50‎ ‎$25‎ Special: Save $5 with Biennial Dues ‎$50‎ ‎$80‎ ‎$40‎ The Botanical Garden started life as Skylands, a large area in the grand manner. It is famous for a ‎ 44-room Tudor Revival granite mansion (公馆) designed by John Russell Pope. Skylands has 96 acres of formal and naturalized gardens and is surrounded by over 1,000 acres of meadows (草坪) and woodlands. Purchased by the State in 1966 and officially named as the New Jersey Botanical Garden in 1984, the gardens contain approximately 5,000 species and varieties of trees and flowers.‎ For you, the NJBG is an exciting and beautiful place to visit where you may enjoy each season’s best. Members enjoy special events, festivals, lectures, and rewarding educational opportunities for both city and country gardeners.‎ Your NJBG membership offers you discounts at participating nurseries, garden centers and other fine businesses. Simply present your NJBG membership card when beginning your purchase:‎ ‎· Goffle Brook Farm and Garden Center, (201) 652-7540‎ ‎10% off your purchase ‎· Metropolitan Plant Exchange, (973) 638-7613‎ ‎12% off your purchase ‎· Rohsler’s Allendale Nursery & Florist, (201) 327-3156‎ ‎15% off your purchase ‎21. The NJBG membership dollars can be used to ___________.‎ A. offer further education B. update online payment C. provide better service D. protect the environment ‎22. To join NJBG membership, you can call its office at ___________.‎ A. (201) 327-3156 B. (201) 652-7540‎ C. (973) 962-9534 D. (973) 638-7613‎ ‎23. To renew the one-year membership for your parents, you need to pay ___________.‎ A. $50 B. $60‎ C. $80 D. $100‎ ‎24. New Jersey Botanical Garden ___________.‎ A. was officially named in 1966‎ B. was designed by John Russell Pope C. invites members to organize activities D. gives members discounts for their purchase ‎【答案】21. C 22. C 23. A 24. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一则广告，文章介绍了办理NJBG会员的费用、程序、联系方式和好处。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Your membership dollars help to improve the Garden, and provide educational and recreational (娱乐的) activities for the general public.可知，你的会员美元有助于改善花园，并为公众提供教育和娱乐活动。由此可知，NJBG会员美元可以用来提供更好的服务。故C项正确。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段If you prefer to join by phone or mail, call the NJBG office at (973) 962-9534 or download and send in our membership brochure (Adobe Acrobat PDF file).可知，如果您想通过电话或邮件加入，请致电NJBG办公室(973)962-9534或下载并发送我们的会员手册（Adobe Acrobat PDF文件）。故C项正确。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Renew Your Membership表格中Annual Dues一栏对应的Dual数值是$50可知，为父母续签一年的会员资格需要花费$50。故A项正确。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后部分中10% off your purchase，12% off your purchase和15% off your purchase可知，新泽西植物园在会员购买时能够打折。故D项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：‎ ‎1. 略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。本文是一篇广告，介绍了办理NJBG会员的费用、程序、联系方式和好处。‎ ‎2. 按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。‎ ‎3. 将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题4根据Purchased by the State in 1966 and officially named as the New Jersey Botanical Garden in 1984,可知，新泽西植物园被官方命名的时间是1984年，A项错误。根据It is famous for a 44-room Tudor Revival granite mansion (公馆) designed by John Russell Pope.可知，John Russell Pope设计的是Tudor Revival granite mansion不是新泽西植物园，B项错误。根据Members enjoy special events, festivals,‎ ‎ lectures, and rewarding educational opportunities for both city and country gardeners可知，会员们可以在新泽西植物园参加活动，而不是组织活动。C项错误。根据最后部分中10% off your purchase，12% off your purchase和15% off your purchase可知，新泽西植物园在会员购买时能够打折，故D项正确。‎ B Robotic Puppy Roll over, sit and fetch aren’t commands normally given to a robot, but the smart toy company WowWee has developed a new way of owning a puppy.‎ CHIP (Canine Home Intelligent Pet) is a robotic dog with blue LED eyes and pointy ears and can sit, shake, dance and make all types of dog noises. It also has tracking capabilities to help locate its owner. “The beauty about CHIP is that it has its own thing going on,” said Sufer, CTO at WowWee. “It has its own life and own kind of intelligence. Even if you’re not around, it’s always doing something.”‎ CHIP uses wheels to get around and is loaded with sensors (传感器) that give it a 360-degree view to find its ball. The pup is Bluetooth enabled, which connects to a wristband worn by its owner. The wristband, similar to a watch, displays icons (图标) for different commands such as a thumb-up, which allows you to give your pup a digital belly rub. With its owner wearing a smart wristband, it can even follow him around the room.‎ ‎“We worked on CHIP for about five to six months,” Davin Sufer, told dailymail. com, “We typically come up with a concept, model and product and get it on shelves within a year.” The company plans to start shipping units by next fall, which will allow them to load up the robotic dog with sensors and add many more animated responses per-owner interactivity. ‎ The high-tech toy company made its debut (处女作) in 2004 by releasing the 1.5 foot RoboSapien, which sold millions of units. MiP, which hit shelves last year, is a seven-inch-tall robot covered in white with black accents. Users can direct it, change its emotions and make it dance to any song on your iPad. It’s loud, fast and active. ‎ About 15 years ago, a company called ToyQuest developed the first ever electronic robotic dog — Tekno, the Robotic Puppy. The company sold over seven million units in the first season and 40 million more during its original four years of production. Tekno was built with over 160 emotions and instructions, but most importantly offered consumers a quick look into the future. ‎ ‎25. According to Sufer, the amazing characteristic of CHIP is that _____.‎ A. it is loaded with special sensors B. it can make all kinds of dog noises C. it has quick response to the commands D. it can do something without instructions ‎26. CHIP can follow its owner with the help of _____.‎ A. a watch B. a smart wristband C. pointy ears D. blue LED eyes ‎27. From the passage, we can know_______.‎ A. CHIP can be bought in the store now B. WowWee introduced its first product last year C. Tekno provided the bright future of the robotic puppy D. MiP is the first company to develop the robotic puppy ‎【答案】25. D 26. B 27. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。一种新型机器狗CHIP被开发出来了，文章介绍了这种机器狗的主要特点及设计过程。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段后三句“The beauty about CHIP is that it has its own thing going on,” said Sufer, CTO at WowWee. “It has its own life and own kind of intelligence. Even if you’re not around, it’s always doing something.”可知，“CHIP的美妙之处在于，它有自己的事情在进行，”WowWee的首席技术官苏福尔说。“它有自己的生命和自己的智慧。即使你不在，它也总是在做一些事情。”由此可知，CHIP的惊人特点是它可以在没有指令的情况下也可以做一些事情。故D项正确。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段最后三句话The pup is Bluetooth enabled, which connects to a wristband worn by its owner. The wristband, similar to a watch, displays icons (图标) for different commands such as a thumb-up, which allows you to give your pup a digital belly rub. With its owner wearing a smart wristband, it can even follow him around the room.可知，这只狗狗有蓝牙功能，可以连接到主人戴的腕带上。这款腕带类似于手表，它会显示不同指令的图标，比如竖起大拇指，这样你就可以给你的狗狗来一次数字揉腹。它的主人戴着智能腕带，它甚至可以跟着主人在房间里转。由此可知，CHIP可以在智能腕带的帮助下跟随主人。故B项正确。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句Tekno was built with over 160 emotions and instructions, but most importantly offered consumers a quick look into the future.可知，Tekno内置了超过160种情绪和指示，但最重要的是为消费者提供了对未来的快速展望。由此可知， Tekno让顾客看到了机器狗的未来。故C项正确。‎ C College students constantly hear the praises of education. We have all become used to believing that a college education is always a guarantee of an easier life. I was nine years old when my fourth-grade teacher presented me with a task, to write down all of the things I wanted in my life. I filled my paper with things like: own a big house and have servants; be rich and have a good job. The next day my teacher handed back my paper and in red ink she wrote: “GO TO COLLEGE.” For a long time, I was convinced that once I obtained an education, BAM! Life would be easier.‎ However, education cannot promise all wishes, dreams, and desires. Society must reject the foolish idea that a college education’s main purpose is to satisfy our desires and secure success. Like most challenging things, education is a gamble (赌博) in which results depend entirely on people’s ability to look past their wants to see the realism and reason behind their wants.‎ For instance, my first year of college, I took a sociology class. In class, we were taught that Third World countries were poor. We learned that our quality of life would be almost impossible for an average person in those countries. I began to examine my own desire to be rich. To always go after money felt selfish when knowing others had none at all. Learning about other society’s financial situations forced me to look beyond what I wanted.‎ Through the process of education, everything once desired is tested. Wanting something no ‎ longer is enough; it’s more important to examine why we want it and whether we really want it. When my desire for money changed, everything changed. I stopped longing for money-driven careers and stopped valuing the people who had them. I began to examine the things I purchased and my reason for wanting them.‎ Education is a tool to be used to develop and advance our desires, so we can discover the things that are truly significant in life. Education is a source to expand our society to see beyond the superficial (表面的) appeals and the “quick fixes”, leaving the belief of an effortless life behind in order to desire a meaningful one.‎ ‎28. The author’s fourth-grade teacher probably agreed that ______.‎ A. the author was an ambitious student B. the author should set more realistic goals C. a college student would lead an easier life D. a college degree was the key to the author’s dreams ‎29. Why does the author mention her sociology class?‎ A. To share her learning experiences with readers.‎ B. To support her new understanding about education.‎ C. To express her sympathy for people in Third World.‎ D. To stress the importance of taking a sociology course.‎ ‎30. With a college education, the author ______.‎ A. envied rich people B. lost interest in career C. desired more material things D. stopped always seeking more wealth ‎31. What’s the main idea of the passage?‎ A. College education promises an effortless life.‎ B. College education tests and guides our life desires.‎ C. College education offers solutions to social problems.‎ D. College education turns young people into gamblers.‎ ‎【答案】28. D 29. B 30. D 31. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。作者在本文中和我们分享了自己对于大学教育的理解，大学教育不仅仅给我提高了美好的生活，更是对我们自身欲望的测试和指导。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中的I filled my paper with things like: own a big house and have servants; be rich and have a good job. The next day my teacher handed back my paper and in red ink she wrote: “GO TO COLLEGE.” For a long time, I was convinced that once I obtained an education, BAM! Life would be easier.可知，我在纸上写满了这样的东西：有一所大房子，有仆人；要有钱，要有好工作。第二天，老师把我的卷子交了回来，用红墨水写着：“上大学。”有很长一段时间，我确信一旦我接受了教育，砰！生活会更容易。由此推知，这位老师也认为大学学位是实现作者的梦想的关键。故D项正确。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中的In class, we were taught that Third World countries were poor. We learned that our quality of life would be almost impossible for an average person in those countries. I began to examine my own desire to be rich. To always go after money felt selfish when knowing others had none at all. Learning about other society’s financial situations forced me to look beyond what I wanted.可知，例如，在我大学的第一年，我上了社会学课。在课上，我们学到的是，第三世界国家的贫困。我们了解到，对于那些国家的普通人来说，我们的生活质量几乎是不可能达到的。我开始审视自己想要变得富有的愿望。总是追求金钱，当知道别人一无所有时，会觉得很自私。了解了其他社会的经济状况后，我不得不把眼光放得更远。由此可知，作者利用这一个例子来证明自己对大学教育的新的理解，接受好的教育不仅仅是为了金钱和财富。故B项正确。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第五段中的I stopped longing for money-driven careers and stopped valuing the people who had them. I began to examine the things I purchased and my reason for wanting them.可知，我不再渴望金钱驱动的职业，也不再看重拥有这些职业的人。我开始审视我买的东西和我想要它们的理由。由此可知，有了大学教育，作者不再总是追求更多的财富。故D项正确。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的Education is a tool to be used to develop and advance our desires, so we can discover the things that are truly significant in life.‎ 可知，教育是用来发展和提高我们欲望的工具，这样我们才能发现生活中真正有意义的事情。由此可知，作者在本文中主要和我们分享了自己对于大学教育的理解，大学教育不仅仅给我提高了美好的生活，更是对我们自身欲望的测试和指导。故B项正确。‎ D Running on Empty For almost a century, scientists have assumed, tiredness—or exhaustion—in athletes originates(起源于) in the muscles. Precise explanations have varied, but all have been based on the “Limitations Theory”. In other words, muscles tire because they hit a physical limit: they either run out of fuel or oxygen or they drown in harmful by-products(副产品).‎ In the past few years, however, Timothy Noakes from the University of Cape Town, South Africa, has examined this standard theory. Tiredness, he argues, is caused not by signals springing from overtaxed muscles, but is an emotional response which begins in the brain. The fundamental nature of his new theory is that the brain paces the muscles to keep them well back from the edge of exhaustion. When the brain decides it’s time to quit, it creates unbearable muscle tiredness. This “Central Governor” theory remains controversial, but it does explain many puzzling aspects of athletic performance.‎ A recent discovery that Noakes calls the “lactic acid paradox” made him start researching this area seriously. Lactic acid is a by-product of exercise, and the increase of it is often mentioned as a cause of tiredness. But when research subjects exercise in certain conditions created artificially, they become tired even though lactic acid levels remain low. Nor has the oxygen content of their blood fallen too low for them to keep going. Obviously, something else was making them tire before they hit either of these physiological limits.‎ Noakes conducted an experiment with seven cyclists. It has long been known that during exercise, the body never uses 100% of the available muscle fibres(纤维). The amount used varies, but in some tasks such as this cycling test the body calls on about 30%. His team found that as tiredness set in, the electrical activity in cyclist’s legs declined—even when they were making a great effort to cycle as fast as they could.‎ To Noakes, this was strong evidence that the old theory was wrong. “The cyclists may have felt completely exhausted,” he says, “but their bodies actually had considerable reserves that they could theoretically tap by using a greater amount of the resting fibres.” This, he believes, is the proof that the brain is regulating the pace of the workout to hold the cyclists well back from the point of extreme ‎ tiredness.‎ ‎32. Which of the following is supported by “the Limitations Theory”?‎ A. Tiredness is caused by signals from brain.‎ B. Athletes feel tired when they use up all their energy.‎ C. The body uses 100% of the muscle fibres in exercise.‎ D. Athletes become tired though lactic acid levels remain low.‎ ‎33. Noakes has found out that ___________.‎ A. muscle fibres control athletes’ movements B. Lactic acid levels remain high in cycling test C. mental processes control the symptoms of tiredness D. different exercises use different amount of muscle fibres ‎34. It is likely that both theories accept that ___________.‎ A. lactic acid is produced in muscles during exercise B. the oxygen content in blood may rise after sports C. tiredness is a harmful by-product of exercise D. the energy in human bodies can be balanced ‎35. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?‎ A. The description of a new test.‎ B. The explanation of the theory.‎ C. The puzzling evidence of a study.‎ D. The whole process of the research.‎ ‎【答案】32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了关于运动的极限理论。该理论认为人们之所以感到疲惫是因为肌肉达到了极限，而疲劳是由大脑控制的。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的In other words, muscles tire because they hit a physical limit: they either run out of fuel or oxygen or they drown in harmful by-products(副产品)可知极限理论认为人们会感到疲倦时因为到达了肌肉的极限。B. Athletes feel tired when they use up all their energy.（运动员感到疲惫是因为他们用完了自己的能量）符合以上说法，故选B项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的Tiredness, he argues, is caused not by signals springing from overtaxed muscles, but is an emotional response which begins in the brain.可知Timothy Noakes认为是人的大脑控制了肌肉是否感到疲倦。C. mental processes control the symptoms of tiredness（精神过程控制疲倦的症状）符合以上说法，故选C项。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第二段的The fundamental nature of his new theory is that the brain paces the muscles to keep them well back from the edge of exhaustion. When the brain decides it’s time to quit, it creates unbearable muscle tiredness.和第三段的Lactic acid is a by-product of exercise, and the increase of it is often mentioned as a cause of tiredness.可推测连个理论都认为lactic acid是运动时产生的。A. lactic acid is produced in muscles during exercise（运动时肌肉离会产生lactic acid）符合以上推测，故选A项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据本段的Lactic acid is a by-product of exercise, and the increase of it is often mentioned as a cause of tiredness. But when research subjects exercise in certain conditions created artificially, they become tired even though lactic acid levels remain low.可知lactic acid paradox理论认为人们在运动的时候lactic的升高会使人疲倦，但令人费解的是当lactic还很低的时候人们也会感到疲劳。C. The puzzling evidence of a study.（一个研究令人费解的证据）可以作为本段主旨，故选C项。‎ 四、基础知识(本大题共 70分)‎ 第一节 A 语法填空:在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。‎ In the age of the smartphone, there seems no reason to ask questions about: the weather forecast, a business’s phone number or directions, ____36____can all be easily found on the Internet, but very often people actually ask these things by ___37___ (make) a call. Your answer may___38___(reply) to with a thank-you email. This isn’t the first time that great changes have taken place in our manners due to technology. In the late 1870s, when the telephone____39____ (invent), people didn’t know how ___40___ (greet) a caller. Often there was just silence. Alexander Graham Bell, the ‎ inventor,____41____(suggest) that people say “Ahoy”, but finally “Hello” went out. Try to be respectful no matter who you communicate with. Just keep it in mind that politeness never ____42____ (go) out of fashion.‎ ‎【答案】36. which ‎ ‎37. making 38. be replied ‎ ‎39. was invented ‎ ‎40. to greet ‎ ‎41. suggested ‎ ‎42. goes ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要以电话的发明使用为例表明由于科技的发展，我们的行为方式发生了巨大的变化。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在智能手机时代，人们似乎没有理由去问诸如天气预报、企业电话号码或方向之类的问题，这些问题在互联网上都很容易找到，但实际上人们经常是通过打电话来问这些问题的。分析可知，____1____can all be easily found on the Internet应是之前名词短语“questions about: the weather forecast, a business’s phone number or directions”的非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动名词。句意：在智能手机时代，人们似乎没有理由去问诸如天气预报、企业电话号码或方向之类的问题，这些问题在互联网上都很容易找到，但实际上人们经常是通过打电话来问这些问题的。分析可知，by为介词，之后应接动名词作宾语。故填making。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查被动语态。句意：你的回答可能会被回复一封感谢信。分析可知，所填动词与主语之间为被动关系，且空前有情态动词may，应是含有情态动词的被动结构：情态动词+be done。故填be replied。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查时态和被动语态。句意：在19世纪70年代末，当电话被发明的时候，人们不知道如何问候打电话的人。分析可知，所填空作谓语，与主语之间为被动关系，结合时间状语“in the late ‎ 1870s”，时态为一般过去时。故填was invented。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词不定式。句意：在19世纪70年代末，当电话被发明的时候，人们不知道如何问候打电话的人。分析可知，此处应是“疑问词+to do”结构作宾语。故填to greet。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：发明家亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔建议人们说“Ahoy”，但最后发出了“Hello”。分析可知，所填空作谓语，结合时态应是一般过去时。故填suggested。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。句意：请记住，礼貌永远不会过时。分析可知，所填空作谓语，结合时态应是一般现在时，主语为“politeness”，为第三人称单数。故填goes。‎ ‎【点睛】语法填空题之谓语动词巧判断：‎ ‎①有提示词 ‎②与主语构成主谓结构 判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但所填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词在句子中作谓语，就要考虑时态和语态。‎ 比如文章的第4小题和第6小题：‎ In the late 1870s, when the telephone____4____ (invent), people didn’t know how ___5___ (greet) a caller.‎ 本题中，空4之后有提示词，invent是动词，分析可知为从句中的谓语，且与主语之间为被动关系，因此答案为was invented。‎ Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor,____6____(suggest) that people say “Ahoy”, but finally “Hello” went out.‎ 本题中，空6之后有提示词，suggest是动词，句中的but为并列连词，因此要结合句子的时态可知，应是一般过去时，因此答案为suggested。‎ B 语法填空：在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。‎ Max Vernon Mathews has been called the father of computer music. In 1957, Max Mathews wrote a computer program ____43____ enabled a computer____44____ (produce) sound and play it back. His computer program ____45____ (call) Music. The science fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke ‎ visited Bell Laboratories in the 1960s. He heard a computer sing the song Daisy Bell on programs developed by Max Mathew and other engineers. Clarke noted this technology in his book 2001: A Space Odyssey, which____46____ (make) into a movie later. Mathews continued creating other versions of the Music program. He became ___47___ (interest) in how computers could help musicians outside recording studios. He hoped that laptop computers____48____ (consider) serious instruments one day.‎ ‎【答案】43. which/that ‎ ‎44. to produce ‎ ‎45. was called ‎ ‎46. was made ‎ ‎47. interested ‎ ‎48. would be considered ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Max Vernon Mathews把音乐与计算机结合起来，创造了魅力无穷的计算机音乐的历程。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：1957年，马克斯·马修斯编写了一个计算机程序，使计算机能够产生声音并回放。分析可知，“____1____ enabled a computer____2____ (produce) sound and play it back”应是之前名词“a computer program”的限定性定语从句，先行词在从句作主语，应用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查动词不定式。句意：1957年，马克斯·马修斯编写了一个计算机程序，使计算机能够产生声音并回放。分析可知，enable sb./sth. to do，固定结构，意为“使某人/某事物能够做某事”。故填to produce。‎ ‎45题详解】‎ 考查时态和被动。句意：他的电脑程序叫音乐。分析可知，所填空应是谓语，结合句中时态为一般过去时，且动词与主语之间为被动关系，注意是单数概念。故填was called。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查时态和被动。句意：克拉克在他的书《2001‎ 太空漫游》中提到了这项技术，后来被拍成电影。分析可知，“which____4____ (make) into a movie later.”为之前名词“A Space Odyssey”的定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，所填空应是从句中的谓语，结合时态应是一般过去时，且动词与主语之间为被动关系。故填was made。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：他对计算机如何帮助录音棚外的音乐家产生了浓厚的兴趣。分析可知，became为系动词，之后接形容词作表语。所给动词interest的形容词形式有interested和interesting，主语为“He”，应选择与人有关的形容词interested。故填interested。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：他希望有一天笔记本电脑会被视为重要的工具。分析可知，所填空应是宾语从句的谓语，与从句主语之间为被动关系。结合主句谓语“hoped”，且从句中含有时间词one day，因此可知应用过去将来时结构：would +be +done。故填would be considered。‎ ‎【点睛】语法填空题之定语从句引导词：‎ 若两个句子（有两个主谓结构）之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词（引导词），否则，句子结构就不完整。比如文章第1小题：‎ In 1957, Max Mathews wrote a computer program ____1____ enabled a computer__2_(to produce) sound and play it back.‎ 在本题中，谓语有两个“wrote”和“enabled”，且没有句号和分号，也没有连词，那么可知，应使用连接词（引导词）。分析可知，____1____ enabled a computer__2_(to produce) sound and play it back之前有名词“a computer program”，因此，可定为限定性定语从句。先行词为a computer program，从句中作主语，应使用连接词（引导词）which或that。因此答案为which/that。‎ C 语法填空:在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。‎ We all know the Internet. It has affected the words we use greatly. It has been 20 years since the website Dictionary.com____49____ (set) up and it has looked into how other meanings of the words we commonly use_____50_____(create) by the worldwide web in the past two decades. Dictionary.com boss Liz says it's___51___ (interest) to see how much the rise of technology has shaped our word use over time. _____52_____ (celebrate) its 20th birthday, the website looks back at 20 words___53___ have expanded (扩大) in meaning. One of the clearest changes is to the word “friend". For centuries, this word was a noun. The rise of Facebook means it is now also a verb. The ‎ word “tablet" once only____54____ (mean) a flat piece of stone, but now it is a small portable computer. Centuries ago, who believed that these changes ____55____ (happen) in the 21st century?‎ ‎【答案】49. was set ‎ ‎50. have been created ‎ ‎51. interesting ‎ ‎52. To celebrate ‎ ‎53. which/that ‎ ‎54. meant 55. would happen ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了互联网极大地影响了我们的用词。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查时态和被动语态。句意：Dictionary.com网站成立已经20年了，它调查了在过去20年里，我们常用的单词的其他含义是如何被互联网创造出来的。分析可知，it has been +一段时间+since+一般过去时句子，为固定句式，所填动词在since从句中，应用一般过去时，且与从句主语之间为被动关系。故填was set。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查时态和被动语态。句意：Dictionary.com网站成立已经20年了，它调查了在过去20年里，我们常用的单词的其他含义是如何被互联网创造出来的。结合时间状语“in the past two decades”可知，应是现在完成时，且动词与主语之间应是被动关系。故填have been created。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：Dictionary.com的老板利兹说，随着时间的推移，科技的发展在很大程度上改变了我们对单词的使用，看看这一点很有趣。分析可知，所填空应是形容词作表语，且形式主语为it，真正主语为之后动词不定式结构“to see how much the rise of technology has shaped our word use over time”，应用-ing形式形容词。故填interesting。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查动词不定式。句意：为了庆祝它的20岁生日，该网站回顾了20个词义扩展的单词。分析可知，所填空应是本句目的状语，动词不定式位于句首可作目的状语。故填To celebrate。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：为了庆祝它的20岁生日，该网站回顾了20个词义扩展的单词。分析可知，“__5___ have expanded (扩大) in meaning”应是之前名词“20 words ‎”的限定性定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：“tablet”这个词以前只表示一块平整的石头，但现在它是一种小型的便携式电脑。分析可知，所填空应是谓语，结合时间状语“once(曾经)”可知，应是一般过去时。故填meant。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：几个世纪以前，谁相信这些变化会在21世纪发生？分析可知，所填空为从句谓语，结合主句谓语“believed(一般过去时)”以及从句时间状语“in the 21st century”，可知应是过去将来时结构：would+do。故填would happen。‎ 第二节 选词填空：从方框中选出恰当的词填入句子中，注意形式变化。每个词只能用一次，有两个多余选项。‎ ‎56. Parents and teachers are supposed to encourage _________and critical thinking in education.‎ ‎57. Professor Wang is universally recognized as a(n) _________ on Artificial Intelligence in China.‎ ‎58. I have _________ close contact with my former teachers and classmates since I graduated from the school.‎ ‎59. The Reform and Opening-up policy has made a great _________ on the development of China over decades.‎ ‎60. The process of changing from what you are to what you would like to become can be suffering but _________.‎ ‎61. There are growing public __________about the country’s polluted air, rivers and land.‎ ‎62. She wanted the celebration to be a simple family _________.‎ ‎63. You need to set up clear goals and make a(n) _________ and practical plan.‎ ‎64. Contrary to expectations, the film was a(n) _________ success.‎ ‎65. In the last few years, the research team has fully _________ on finding the cure for cancer.‎ ‎【答案】56. creativity ‎ ‎57. authority ‎ ‎58. maintained ‎ ‎59. impact 60. rewarding ‎ ‎61. concern ‎ ‎62. affair 63. specific ‎ ‎64. instant ‎ ‎65. concentrated ‎【解析】‎ 本题考查学生对于已学词汇的应用能力。‎ ‎56题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：父母和老师应该在教育中鼓励创造性和批判性思维。分析可知，所填空应是名词形式，且与之后的“critical thinking(批判性思维)”为并列结构，结合句意可知，creativity，名词，意为“创造力”，符合句意要求。故填creativity。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：王教授被公认为中国人工智能领域的权威。be recognized as a/an+名词，“被认为是……；被公认为……”。结合句意，authority，名词，意为“权威”，符合句意要求。故填authority。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查动词和固定结构。句意：自从我毕业后，我就一直和以前的老师和同学联系。maintain close contact with sb.，固定结构，意为“与……保持密切联系”，结合句中时态现在完成时可知，应填过去分词形式。故填maintained。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查名词和固定结构。句意：改革开放政策对中国几十年的发展产生了巨大的影响。make a great impact on…, 固定结构，意为“对……有巨大影响”。故填impact。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：从你是什么样的人到你想成为什么样的人的过程可能是痛苦的，但却是值得的。分析可知，所填空应是形容词，且与之前形容词“suffering(痛苦的)”为转折关系，结合句意可知，rewarding，形容词，意为“有益的，值得的”，符合句意要求。故填rewarding。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：越来越多的公众开始关注这个国家被污染的空气、河流和土地。分析可知，所填空应是名词，且与之后的介词about构成固定结构。concern，名词，意为“关心；关注”，可构成concern about，意为“对……的关注/担忧”。故填concern。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：她希望这个庆祝活动是一个简单的家庭事务。分析可知，所填空应是名词，结合句意可知，“家庭事件”，a family affair。故填affair。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：你需要设立明确的目标，制定一个具体可行的计划。分析可知，所填空应是形容词，且之后的“practical(实用的)”为并列结构。结合句意，specific，形容词，意为“确切的；具体的”，符合句意要求。故填specific。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：与预期相反，这部电影立即获得了成功。分析可知，所填空应是形容词修饰之后名词success，instant，形容词，意为“立即的”，an instant success，“瞬间的成功，极大的成功”，符合句意要求。故填instant。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 考查动词和时态。句意：在过去的几年里，研究小组把全部精力集中在寻找治疗癌症的方法上。分析可知，concentrate on sth，“集中精力于；全神贯注于”，结合句子时态现在完成时，应用过去分词形式。故填concentrated。‎ 第三节 完成句子：根据首字母和英文解释填单词补全句子，注意形式变化。‎ ‎66. The two a _________ of the accident do not agree. (a written or spoken description of something)‎ ‎67. We eventually ran out of p_________ with his childish behavior. (the ability to stay calm and accept a delay or something annoying without complaining)‎ ‎68. When labels are a__________ to luggage, they can be easily recognized. (to join one thing to another)‎ ‎69. Information Technology equips our home with labor-saving d_________ such as dish washers and sweeping robots. (an object or a piece of equipment that has been designed to do a particular job)‎ ‎70. All the goods were supposed to be d_________ yesterday, but there was a delay due to the bad weather. (to take goods, letters, etc. to the person or people they have been sent to)‎ ‎71. Can you do me a f_________ and pick up Sam from school today? (a thing that you do to help sb.)‎ ‎72. I opened the e_________, pulled out the document and read it. (a flat paper container used for sending letters in)‎ ‎73. The store c_________ its customers through false advertising. (to take something from someone by lying or breaking a rule)‎ ‎74. The school wants to e_________ with new teaching methods. (to try or test new ideas, methods, etc. to find out what effect they have)‎ ‎75. We will continue to f_________ our efforts on cutting costs. (to give special attention to one particular person or thing, or to make people do this)‎ ‎【答案】66. accounts ‎ ‎67. patience ‎ ‎68. attached ‎ ‎69. devices ‎ ‎70. delivered ‎ ‎71. favour/favor ‎ ‎72. envelope ‎ ‎73. cheats/cheated ‎ ‎74. experiment ‎ ‎75. focus ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本题考查学生的单词拼写能力和应用能力。‎ ‎【66题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：对事故的两种说法不一致。结合英文释义可知，应是名词“account”，可数名词，意为“报道”，结合句意可知，应是名词复数。故填accounts。‎ ‎【67题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：我们终于对他幼稚的行为忍无可忍了。结合英文释义可知，应是名词“patience”，意为“耐心”。故填patience。‎ ‎【68题详解】‎ 考查动词和被动语态。句意：当标签贴在行李上时，它们很容易被认出来。结合英文释义可知，应是动词“attach”，意为“附，贴，系”，结合句意可知应是被动结构。故填attached。‎ ‎【69题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：信息技术为我们的家庭配备了节省劳力的设备，如洗碗机和扫地机器人。结合英文释义可知，应是名词“device”，可数名词，意为“设备”，结合句意可知，应是可数名词复数形式。故填devices。‎ ‎【70题详解】‎ 考查动词和被动语态。句意：所有的货物都应该在昨天送到，但是由于天气不好而延误了。结合英文释义可知，应是动词“deliver”，意为“递送”，结合句意可知，应是被动结构。故填delivered。‎ ‎【71题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：你能帮我一个忙，今天去学校接萨姆吗?结合英文释义可知，应是名词“favour/favor”，意为“帮助”，结合句意可知，do sb. a favour/favor意为“帮某人一个忙”。故填favour/favor。‎ ‎【72题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：我打开信封，拿出文件读了起来。结合英文释义可知，应是名词“envelope”，意为“信封”，结合句意可知，应填单数形式。故填envelope。‎ ‎【73题详解】‎ 考查动词和时态。句意：这家商店通过虚假广告欺骗顾客。结合英文释义可知，应是动词“cheat”，意为“欺骗；骗取”，结合句意可知，可使用一般现在时或一般过去时。故填cheats/cheated。‎ ‎【74题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：这所学校想试验新的教学方法。结合英文释义可知，应是动词“experiment”，意为“试验”，结合句意可知，在动词结构want to do中，应使用动词原形。故填experiment。‎ ‎【75题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：我们将继续集中力量削减成本。结合英文释义可知，应是动词“focus”，意为“关注”，结合句意可知，continue to do sth.意为“继续做某事”。故填focus。‎ ‎【点睛】单词拼写题之方法 单词拼写题将所缺单词置于一个特定语言环境中，要求考生借助借助其意义和逻辑关系分析出所填单词的词性和词形，并正确写出该单词。正确解答单词拼写题应走好以下三步：第一步，定性（根据空的前后单词确定词性）；第二步，定形（动词要考虑时态，人称，被动语态，非谓语等形式变化）；第三步，定写（正确拼写）。比如第1小题：‎ The two a _________ of the accident do not agree. (a written or spoken description of something)‎ 第一步，定性：结合空前数量词可知，应是名词。第二步，定形，结合空前数量词可知，应是名词复数。第三步，定写，accounts。‎ 第四节 翻译句子（划线部分必须用Unit 3和Unit 4中的词汇表达！）‎ ‎76. 每年春节期间，每一个中国人都被和家人团聚的喜悦所包围着。‎ ‎77. 如果你要申请这份工作，你需要表达自己，还要向别人展示出你的善意。‎ ‎78. 每一年在除夕夜，我们挂起装饰品迎接新年的到来，还放烟火吓走怪兽（monster）“年”。‎ ‎79. 尽管社交媒体能告知我们，我们的朋友最近在忙着什么，但是我们只有通过面对面交流才能建立起有意义的关系。‎ ‎80. 新科技会给我们带来各种各样的问题。比如，我们可能会对电脑游戏成瘾，我们也可能会有更少机会来发展社交能力。‎ ‎【答案】76. Every year during the Spring Festival, every Chinese/everyone in China is surrounded with/by the joy of being with the entire family/a family gathering. ‎ ‎77. If you want to apply for this job, you need to be able to express yourself and show kindness to others. ‎ ‎78. Every year on the Eve of Chinese New Year/Spring Festival Eve, we put up/hang/hang up decorations to wait for the arrival of the new year, and let/set off fireworks/firecrackers to scare away the monster “Nian”. ‎ ‎79. Although social media can fill us in on what our friends have been up to recently, we can only form a meaningful relationship through face-to-face communication. ‎ ‎80. New technology causes us a variety of problems. For example/instance, we may get addicted to computer games and we may also have fewer chances to develop our social skills.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 本题考查学生的汉译英翻译能力和对所学短语的应用能力。‎ ‎【76题详解】‎ 考查固定短语和被动结构。分析可知，句子主语“每一个中国人”，可翻译为“every Chinese/ everyone in China”；谓语“都被和家人团聚的喜悦所包围着”为被动结构，be surrounded by/with ‎ sth；其中“和家人团聚的喜悦”为短语“the joy of being with the entire family/a family gathering”。故翻译为：Every year during the Spring Festival, every Chinese/everyone in China is surrounded with/by the joy of being with the entire family/a family gathering.‎ ‎【77题详解】‎ 考查固定短语和条件状语从句。分析可知，“如果你要申请这份工作”为条件状语从句，其中“申请”为短语“apply for”，因此可翻译为“If you want to apply for this job”；主句谓语“需要”可翻译为“need to be able to”；“表达自己”可使用短语 “express oneself”；“展示你的善意”可使用短语“show your kindness”。故翻译为：If you want to apply for this job, you need to be able to express yourself and show kindness to others.‎ ‎【78题详解】‎ 考查固定短语和动词不定式。分析可知，“每一年在除夕夜”为句中的时间状语，可翻译为“Every year on the Eve of Chinese New Year/Spring Festival Eve”；主句谓语“挂起装饰品”可使用短语“put up/hang/hang up decorations”；“迎接新年的到来”为其目的状语，可用动词不定式表达“to wait for the arrival of the new year ”；“放烟火”可翻译为“let/set off fireworks/firecrackers”；“吓走怪兽“年”为其目的状语，可用动词不定式表达“to scare away the monster “Nian””。故翻译为：Every year on the Eve of Chinese New Year/Spring Festival Eve, we put up/hang/hang up decorations to wait for the arrival of the new year, and let/set off fireworks/firecrackers to scare away the monster “Nian”.‎ ‎【79题详解】‎ 考查固定短语和让步状语从句。分析可知，“尽管社交媒体能告知我们，我们的朋友最近在忙着什么”应是句中的让步状语从句，可用although引导，其中短语“告知”可翻译为“fill sb. in on”；“我们的朋友最近在忙着什么”为宾语从句，可翻译为“what our friends have been up to recently”；主句短语“面对面交流才能建立起有意义的关系”可翻译为“form a meaningful relationship through face-to-face communication”。故翻译为：Although social media can fill us in on what our friends have been up to recently, we can only form a meaningful relationship through face-to-face communication.‎ ‎【80题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。分析可知，“新科技会给我们带来各种各样的问题。”主语为“新科技（new technology），谓语为“引起（causes）”，“各种各样的问题”可翻译为“a variety of problems”；“对电脑游戏上瘾”可用短语“get addicted to computer games ‎”；“发展社交能力”可翻译为“develop our social skills”。故翻译为：New technology causes us a variety of problems. For example/instance, we may get addicted to computer games and we may also have fewer chances to develop our social skills.‎