【英语】福建省厦门市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试试题（解析版） 20页

福建省厦门市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末质量检测 英语试题 第一部分 听力理解(共两节，满分 30 分)‎ 第一节 (共 5 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)‎ 听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. Where is Helen going?‎ A. To the library. B. To a history class. C. To a friend’s house.‎ ‎2. What is the man doing?‎ A. Asking for help. B. Giving directions. C. Opening an account.‎ ‎3. Who will the woman introduce to the man?‎ A. Barbara. B. Steve. C. Mary.‎ ‎4. When does the wedding start?‎ A. At 7:15. B. At 7:30. C. At 8:00.‎ ‎5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?‎ A. Teacher and student. B. Husband and wife. C. Mother and son.‎ 第二节(共 15 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)‎ 听下面 5 段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。‎ ‎6. Where can the man buy cheaper tickets?‎ A. In the hotel. B. At the gate. C. On the Internet.‎ ‎7. What is the weather like on the day of the Derby?‎ A. Rainy. B. Cool. C. Uncertain.‎ 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。‎ ‎8. Why does the man visit London?‎ A. To attend a meeting. B. To run a law school. C. To do sightseeing.‎ ‎9. Which hand is the man asked for?‎ A. The left one. B. The right one. C. Either one.‎ ‎10. Where does the conversation take place?‎ A. At a travel agency. B. At a photo studio. C. At the Customs.‎ 听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。‎ ‎11. Why does the woman have a conversation with Max?‎ A. To seek some advice. B. To plan the proper diet. C. To arrange the clean-up.‎ ‎12. What has the woman heard about rabbits?‎ A. They demand a lot of time. B. They like to be picked up. C. They produce a lot of waste.‎ ‎13. What will the woman buy this weekend?‎ A. A dog. B. A cat. C. A rabbit.‎ 听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。‎ ‎14. How does the man feel after work most days?‎ A. Exhausted. B. Disappointed. C. Frustrated.‎ ‎15. How often does the man play tennis?‎ A. Once a month. B. Every Wednesday. C. Twice a week.‎ ‎16. What does the woman do on Thursday?‎ A. Play basketball. B. Have a boxing class. C. Hang out with friends.‎ ‎17. What are the speakers talking about?‎ A. Sports events. B. Free time activities. C. Staff gatherings.‎ 听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。‎ ‎18. How does the school solve the shortage of water and rich soil?‎ A. By building a floating farm system.‎ B. By collecting money from neighbors.‎ C. By conducting research on insects.‎ ‎19. Which of the following are free for people in the neighborhood?‎ A. Vegetables. B. Eggs. C. Fish.‎ ‎20. What is Blank’s attitude toward working at the market?‎ A. Funny. B. Responsible. C. Disapproving.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分 30 分)‎ 第一节 （共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A The South Rim of Grand Canyon National Park in Arizona will be open with limited services. Here’s how it will work, according to a statement from the park:‎ The south entrance (near Tusayan) will be open from 4 to 10 a.m. Visitors who are inside the park by 10 a.m. can remain until sunset.‎ Admission fees can be paid by way of machine at the gate (the entrance booths will not be staffed) or by purchasing a pass in advance at third-party sellers such as the Valle Travel Stop at State Route 64 and U.S. 180 or in Tusayan at the Grand Canyon Chamber & Visitors Bureau, Grand Canyon IMAX Theater, Grand Canyon Plaza Hotel or Red Feather Lodge.‎ What will be open at Grand Canyon Day hiking on inner canyon trails Limited food and beverage service at Market Plaza, Bright Angel Bicycles, EI Tovar patio and nearby hotels. Bring you own water and snacks just in case.‎ Bicycle and wheelchair rentals at Bright Angel Bicycles.‎ The Rim Trail and Greenway Trail system outside of the residential arca.‎ Desert View Drive is open as far east as Navajo Point, where vehicles will have to turn around.‎ What will be closed The cast entrance and Desert View Watchtower area.‎ Visitor centers, museums and shuttle buses.‎ Hotels, restaurants, campgrounds, camper services and trailer village.‎ Center Road and access through the South Rim residential housing area.‎ The North Rim, Colorado River and the Tuweep area of Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument.‎ More: Grand Canyon's North Rim closed indefinitely Visit nps.gov/grca for more information.‎ For questions about backcountry reservations, email grca_bic@nps.gov.‎ Reach me at jill.cassidy@arizonarepublic com or follow me on Twitter@JillHikes.‎ ‎1. How can the visitors gain access to the park?‎ A. By buying a pass on the spot. B. By paying the guard on duty.‎ C. By paying fees via machine. D. By applying for free admission.‎ ‎2. What can you do in the park?‎ A. Hike after sunset. B. Rent a bike.‎ C. Visit a museum. D. Go camping.‎ ‎3. If you'd like to visit backcountry, you may ________.‎ A. visit nps.gov/grca B. email grca_bic@nps.gov C. enter jill.cassidy@arizonarepubric.com D. focus on Twitter@JillHikes ‎【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。文章对 Grand Canyon National Park 景区的售票及景点做基本介绍。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句Admission fees can be paid by way of machine at the gate (the entrance booths will not be staffed) or by purchasing a pass in advance at third-party sellers such as the Valle Travel Stop at State Route 64（入场费可在入口处通过机器支付(入口摊位不设人员)，也可在第三方销售点(如64号国道的瓦莱旅游站)提前购买入场证）可知，售票是经由机器支付购买的，无工作人员，或在第三方购买。故选C。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章What will be open at Grand Canyon这部分的Bicycle and wheelchair rentals at Bright Angel Bicycles.（在Bright Angel Bicycles租赁自行车和轮椅。）可知在景区可以租到自行车。故选B。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二点For questions about backcountry reservations, email grca_bic@nps.gov.（有关偏远地区预订的问题，请发邮件至grca_bic@nps.gov。）可知，想要参观backcountry，需要发送邮件到grca_bic@nps.gov预定。故选B。‎ B As artificial intelligence (AI) systems become more subtle, we can expect them to be used ‎ more often in the world of human medicine and healthcare. AI is designed to imitate the human brain in decision making and learning, so with the computing power to learn tasks in days or even hours, it is possible to create medical AIs that rapidly outperform doctors in certain tasks.‎ Most of the AI systems working in medicine employ smart algorithms ( 算 法 ), with the machine and deep learning techniques, and are supported by speech recognition and computer or machine vision to make their decisions. It will be some time before researchers can develop artificial general intelligence systems capable of abstracting knowledge and developing their own experiences to share with other AIs. But firms like Microsoft, Google, Apple,‎ IBM and Facebook are preparing themselves up to deliver the most advanced AI personalized healthcare possible for patients around the world.‎ Data plays a hugely important role in helping AI systems learn about human medicine. AI systems are trained on large data sets gathered from real-life cases. Providing amounts of detailed patient information is a decisive factor for their success.‎ One of the most important areas for influencing global health is in the field of epidemiology ( 流行病学).‎ Predicting disease outbreaks can save millions of lives by having resources ready should the worst happen. Another field where medical AIs are making rapid advances is in diagnostics. Doctors base a lot of decisions on information from X-ray, CT and MRI images. Speeding up diagnoses from patient scans can rapidly improve patient care and outcomes.‎ Cardiologist (心脏病医生) Rima Arnaout developed an AI that beat human experts at correctly interpreting echocardiograms by 92 percent to 79 percent. She said that despite the result there is no hope of AI replacing human doctors any time soon. "As cardiologists, we read the images and then go see the patient," she said. "So we’re both reading images and practicing medicine. I don't think that the second piece will be taken over so quickly."‎ ‎4. The purpose of this text is to introduce ________.‎ A. the speech recognition of AI systems B. the computer vision of AI systems C. the rise of AI systems in medicine D. the development of AI in tech firms ‎5. What is the key to making medical AI systems successful?‎ A. Arriving at decisions.‎ B. Providing patient data.‎ C. Predicting disease outbreaks.‎ D. Speeding up diagnoses.‎ ‎6. What can we infer from Rima's words?‎ A. She prefers practicing medicine to reading images.‎ B. AIs do better than cardiologists in seeing patients.‎ C. She is confident in the irreplaceable role of human doctors.‎ D. AIs are unable to read images with current technology.‎ ‎【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是人工智能AI在医学领域的运用和发展。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第一段it is possible to create medical AIs that rapidly outperform doctors in certain tasks.（有可能创造出在某些任务上迅速超过医生的医疗人工智能。）以及前文引入人工智能话题和后文一直讨论人工智能在医学领域的运用。因此可推知，这篇文章的写作目的就是人工智能在医学领域的崛起。故选C。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第四段Data plays a hugely important role in helping AI systems learn about human medicine.和Providing amounts of detailed patient information is a decisive factor for their success.可知，数据在帮助人工智能系统了解人类医学方面发挥极其重要的作用，并且提供详细的病人信息是他们成功的决定性因素。故选B。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第二行She said that despite the result there is no hope of AI replacing human doctors any time soon.（她说，尽管结果如此，人工智能在短期内取代人类医生的希望并不大。）可推知，Rima对于人类医学的不可代替还是很有信心的。故选C。‎ C In recent years, the leaders and islanders of many small-island nations have warned that climate change is an existential threat to their homelands, fearing they could disappear under rising seas as the planet warms. But according to the latest research, small, low-lying islands ‎ dotted around the Pacific and the Caribbean—often seen as the places most vulnerable to global warming—can naturally adapt and raise themselves above disturbing waves.‎ A three-year study led by Britain’s University of Plymouth, which looked at coral reef islands such as the Maldives, found that tides move sediment (沉积物) to create higher altitude, a process that may keep islands habitable. These islands were formed hundreds of thousands of years ago by waves moving and piling up reef material or sediment to create higher ground—a natural defence mechanism that continues.‎ Low-lying island states are judged to be at greatest risk from increasingly powerful storms and rising oceans, with some making preparations to resettle their people within decades. Many are already building sea walls, appealing for international aid or setting up projects to repair damage caused by climate change impacts. The world’s tens of thousands of coral reef islands are mostly uninhabited, but are home to about one million people who largely rely on fishing or tourism for a living.‎ Scientists built a model coral reef and island in a laboratory tank with rising water levels and used computer models to reproduce how such islands respond to higher seas in reality. The results suggest that by choosing climate-adaptable infrastructure (基础设施) that allows for occasional flooding, like building on stilts (桩子) and movable houses, islanders with enough space could adapt to their shifting environment. Sea walls, however, are compromising the natural ability of the islands to adjust to rising sea levels. “If you stop the flooding of the islands, you also stop the movement of the sediment on top of the island,” said lead author Gred Masselink, professor of coastal geography at the University of Plymouth.‎ ‎7. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?‎ A. Unnoticeable. B. Beneficial.‎ C. Significant. D. Sensitive.‎ ‎8. What do we learn from the three-year study?‎ A. Piling-up sediment creates a natural defence for small islands.‎ B. Disturbing waves keep the islands unlivable.‎ C. A computer model is used to provide more space for islanders.‎ D. Sea walls prevent the disappearance of small islands.‎ ‎9. Which word best describes low-lying island states’ attitude to rising seas?‎ A. Casual. B. Joyful.‎ C. Unconcerned. D. Defensive.‎ ‎10. What is the best title for the text?‎ A. Small Islands May Not Disappear Under Rising Sea.‎ B. Climate Change Poses Threats to Small Islands.‎ C. The Climate-adaptable Infrastructures of Small Islands.‎ D. The Perfect Solution to Rising Seas for Small Islands.‎ ‎【答案】7. D 8. A 9. D 10. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了根据最新的研究，散布在太平洋和加勒比海的低洼小岛——通常被认为是最易受全球变暖影响的地区——能够自然地适应并使自己浮在令人不安的海浪之上。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。定位到划线处发现两个破折号之间是一个插入语，补充说明前面的low-lying islands的特征。除去插入语后的句意理解：然而根据最新的研究，这些分布于太平洋和加勒比海的低矮群岛可以使自己适应并使自身高于海浪。结合But转折之前提到的岛国领导人和岛民们警告低矮群岛可能受气候变暖海平面升高影响被淹没可知，这里补充的内容偏消极，所以应该在A项和D项二选一，带入sensitive敏感的，句意为这些群岛通常被认为容易受到气候变暖影响，句意通顺。A. Unnoticeable不明显的；B. Beneficial有益的；C. Significant重要的，显著的。故选D。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段These islands were formed hundreds of thousands of years ago by waves moving and piling up reef material or sediment to create higher ground—a natural defence mechanism that continues.（这些岛屿形成于数十万年前，由于海浪的移动，将珊瑚礁物质或沉积物堆积起来，从而形成了更高的地势——一种自然防御机制仍在继续。）可知，堆积的沉积物为小岛创造了天然屏障。故选A。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据low-lying island定位到第三段，根据段落大意和个别表达如build sea walls（建立防波堤），appeal for international aid（请求国际支援），set up project to repair damage（立项以修复损坏）等，可以推断这些地区使积极主动应对海平面升高。Defensive ‎（自卫的，防御性的）符合题意。故选D。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。本文是总分结构，主旨要看首段。首段有转折，转折后才是重点，转折后说在全球变暖背景下，一项新的研究发现低矮的岛屿可以自然适应避免被升高的海平面淹没。A项：小岛可能不会消失在不断升高的海平面下。符合题意。故选A。‎ 第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选入能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余项。‎ Staying Motivated When Studying Some people say that the hardest step in studying is to get started. Other people, however, find it difficult to stay motivated, especially when the end seems a long way away. This situation arises. There is no single strategy that will work for everyone. However, ____11____ and you can see if they work for you in supporting ongoing motivation.‎ Keep your end goal in mind One of the best ways to stay motivated is to remember why you are studying in the first place. “Getting good exam results” is not necessarily very motivating. Instead, you need to look beyond that to what the exam results will get you,____12____ The more detail you can provide for your goal, the easier it will be to keep in mind.‎ Get into a study routine It is generally easier to stay motivated if your studying becomes part of your everyday life. For example, you might choose to get up an hour earlier, and spend that hour studying each day. That way, ____13____, because you know that it is set aside for a purpose. Your friends and family will also get to know when your study time happens, and hopefully avoid you then.‎ ‎____14____‎ Especially when you first start studying, you will not necessarily know what works for you. It is therefore worth trying different ways of doing, to see which you find most productive. You may find it helpful to vary your style of working. You could, for example, try working in different places. You could also try different types of activities. Options include reading over your notes, writing a mind map, making up songs or poems to help you remember facts.‎ ‎____15____. ‎ There are plenty of people to tell you that they have the answer to staying motivated while studying.They may have the answer for them, but only you can work out the answer for you.‎ A. There is no “one size fits all”‎ B. Try various study approaches C. Break the task down into different parts D. there are plenty of options that you can try E. it is easier to avoid being distracted during your study time F. A system of short-term goals and suitable rewards may be needed G. whether that is a place at your chosen school or university, or a new job ‎【答案】11. D 12. G 13. E 14. B 15. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章就如何在学习上保持动力提出了一些建议。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 根据后半句and you can see if they work for you in supporting ongoing motivation看看它们是否对你起作用来支持持续的激励。可知，此处内容与有很多选择可以尝试看看有关，选项D“你可以尝试很多选择”符合题意。故选D。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 根据上半句Instead, you need to look beyond that to what the exam results will get you相反，你需要把眼光放远一点，看看考试结果会给你带来什么。可知，此处内容与考试带来的相关结果有关，选项G“不管是你选择的学校或大学所在的地方，还是一份新工作。”符合题意。故选G。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 根据上一句For example, you might choose to get up an hour earlier, and spend that hour studying each day. 例如，你可以选择早起一小时，然后每天用这一小时学习。以及后半句because you know that it is set aside for a purpose因为你知道它被留出来是有目的的。可知，此处内容与早起一小时学习的好处有关，选项E“就更容易避免在学习期间分心”符合题意。故选E。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 根据下文It is therefore worth trying different ways of doing, to see which you find most productive. 因此值得尝试不同的做事方式，看看哪一种最有效。可知，此处是本段的小标题，内容与尝试不同的学习方法有关，选项B“尝试不同的学习方法”符合题意。故选B。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 根据下文They may have the answer for them, but only you can work out the answer for you. 他们可能有自己的答案，但只有你可以为自己找出答案。可知，此处是本段的小标题，内容与别人的办法不一定适合自己，没有适合所有人的办法有关，选项A“没有“一刀切”的办法。”符合题意。故选A。‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分 50 分)‎ 第一节 完形填空 (共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)‎ I am enveloped by an instant sweet happiness before falling down in exhaustion. Hands held high, I___16___ cross the finishing line, out of___17___ . It's a deep and longed-for sense of___18___ , coming from handling three sports in one and surviving to tell the sweaty tale. All around me people___19___ because they’ve achieved something unforgettable, some smiling, some in tears.‎ ‎___20___still, there is the sense of purpose triathlon (铁人三项赛) offers. Running, swimming and cycling provide a(n)____21____from existential anxiety as the demanding training schedules leave little____22____for reflection on the bigger life questions. Ali Hendry-Ballard, 47, first tried triathlon during a___23___period in her life. "I really needed something___24___to focus on while going through major life changes," she said, "Though I'd never been interested in ____25____, I started jogging and soon became fascinated. I started doing half marathons and very quickly____26____ myself training for a triathlon. There's something that____27____ all sides of my personality. I've never been in tune with my body, or felt so____28____ of both its strengths and its limitation."‎ For me too, triathlon has ____29____ an increased awareness of what is and isn't possible, physically and spiritually. I must fight against the____30____ of being left behind. The belief carried me through the course of any race that I can ____31____ whatever comes my way. It has helped me to become a ____32____ person. Triathlon takes every bit from its devotees as much as it gives and yet, somehow, you end up giving even more than it____33____ . It's a greedy pastime and ____34____ determined types. Yet it's also a social, ____35____ hobby that can offer fresh chances to travel, experience and dream.‎ ‎16. A. carefully B. suddenly C. finally D. recently ‎17. A. breath B. sight C. control D. touch ‎18. A. satisfaction B. gratitude C. direction D. responsibility ‎19. A. talk B. chant C. wait D. celebrate ‎20. A. Easier B. Worse C. Closer D. Deeper ‎21. A. stage B. feedback C. escape D. image ‎22. A. doubt B. room C. hope D. reason ‎23. A. difficult B. rewarding C. stable D. limited ‎24. A. creative B. positive C. ordinary D. familiar ‎25. A. music B. sport C. travel D. writing ‎26. A. prevented B. imagined C. risked D. found ‎27. A. appeals to B. goes against C. carries away D. takes over ‎28. A. free B. proud C. aware D. cautious ‎29. A. broken down B. resulted in C. benefited from D. held back ‎30. A. anger B. desire C. fear D. injustice ‎31. A. select B. recognize C. predict D. handle ‎32. A. thinner B. rougher C. stronger D. kinder ‎33. A. gains B. avoids C. beats D. requires ‎34. A. bothers B. attracts C. changes D. spoils ‎35. A. fun-filled B. time-saving C. new-born D. long-lost ‎【答案】16. C 17. A 18. A 19. D 20. D 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B ‎25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. B ‎35. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加铁人三项赛，成功地到达了终点，并进一步阐述了这项运动对自己的身心产生了积极的影响。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。句意：手高高举起，我终于冲过了终点线，上气不接下气。A. carefully小心地；B. suddenly突然；C. finally最终；D. recently最近地。根据cross the finishing line可知，此处表示比赛完成了，finally（最终）符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查固定短语辨析。句意：手高高举起，我终于冲过了终点线，上气不接下气。Out of 和四个选项构成四个短语。A. out of breath上气不接下气；B. out of sight看不见；C. out of control失控；D. out of touch失去联系。根据上文before falling down in exhaustion可知，比赛结束作者已经筋疲力尽了，因此上气不接下气。故选A。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：这是一种深深的、渴望已久的满足感，来自于同时从事三种运动，并幸存下来讲述流汗的故事。A. satisfaction满足；B. gratitude感激；C. direction方向；D. responsibility责任感。根据此句的“这是一种深深的，渴望已久的……感，……” 以及前文 “……最终穿过终点线……。” 我们可以推理出这是一种满足感。故选A。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：我周围的人都在庆祝，因为他们取得了令人难忘的成就，有的微笑，有的流泪。A. talk谈论；B. chant反复吟唱；C. wait等待；D. celebrate庆祝。根据because they’ve achieved something unforgettable可知，因为取得了难忘的成就，周围的人都在庆祝。故选D。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：更深层的原因是，铁人三项提供了一种使命感。A. Easier更容易；B. Worse更糟糕；C. Closer更接近的；D. Deeper更深的。首先此选项为比较级，说明本句中的 the sense of purpose 与前文 sense of satisfaction 形成比较关系，根据四个选项意思，D项符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：跑步、游泳和骑自行车提供了一种从存在焦虑中解脱出来的方法，因为苛刻的训练日程几乎没有给思考更大的生活问题留出空间。A. stage舞台，阶段；B. feedback反馈；C. escape逃跑，逃避；D. image形象。根据as the demanding training schedules leave little____7____for reflection on the bigger life questions.可知，苛刻的训练计划几乎没留…给思考更大的生活问题，因此这个运动帮助了人们从焦虑中解脱出来。故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：跑步、游泳和骑自行车提供了一种从存在焦虑中解脱出来的方法，因为苛刻的训练日程几乎没有给思考更大的生活问题留出空间。A. doubt怀疑；B. room房间，空间；C. hope希望；D. reason理由。根据the demanding training schedules可知，严苛的训练几乎没有给人们预留思考的空间。故选B。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：47岁的阿里·亨德尔·巴拉德(Ali hendry ballard)在人生的困难时期首次尝试了铁人三项。A. difficult困难的；B. rewarding有报酬的，值得的；C. stable稳定的；D. limited有限的。根据下文while going through major life changes可知，47岁的阿里·亨德尔·巴拉德遭遇了人生的艰难时期。故选A。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：她说:“在经历人生重大变化的过程中，我真的需要一些积极的东西来关注。”A. creative有创造性的；B. positive积极的；C. ordinary普通的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文可知她遭遇了人生的艰难时期，因此需要关注一些积极的东西。故选B。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：“虽然我从来没有对体育感兴趣，但我开始慢跑，很快就迷上了它。”A. music音乐；B. sport运动；C. travel旅行；D. writing写作。根据I started jogging可知，设空处与运动相关。故选B。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：我开始跑半程马拉松，很快就发现自己在训练铁人三项。A. prevented阻止；B. imagined想象；C. risked冒险；D. found发现。阿里·亨德尔·巴拉德开始尝试半程马拉松，并且很快发现自己不知不觉在训练铁人三项了故选D。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一种东西吸引了我性格的各个方面。A. appeals to吸引；B. goes against反对；C. carries away带走；D. takes over接管。根据上文I started jogging and soon became fascinated可知，阿里·亨德尔·巴拉德被运动吸引了，此处appeal to与fascinated对应。故选A。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：我从来没有和自己的身体协调过，也从来没有如此意识到它的优势和局限。A. free免费的，自由的；B. proud自豪的；C. aware意识到的；D. cautious小心的，谨慎的。根据下文an increased awareness of what is and isn't possible可知，此处表示运动让她意识到自己的身体状况。故选C。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：对我来说，铁人三项也让我在身体上和精神上对什么是可能的，什么是不可能的有了更多的认识。A. broken down出故障，情绪崩溃；B. resulted in导致；C. benefited from从中受益；D. held back犹豫，退缩，阻止。根据文章内容可知an increased ‎ awareness of what is and isn't possible, physically and spiritually是这项运动对作者产生的影响。故选B。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：我必须与被落下的恐惧作斗争。A. anger生气；B. desire渴望；C. fear害怕；D. injustice不公平，不公正。根据fight against和leave behind可知，作者害怕落后。故选C。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：这种信念帮助我度过了每一场比赛，让我能够处理好遇到的任何事情。A. select挑选；B. recognize认出，识别出；C. predict预测；D. handle处理。根据The belief carried me through the course of any race可知，作者认为有了这种信念，就能应对遇到的任何事情。故选D。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：它帮助我成为一个更坚强的人。A. thinner更瘦的；B. rougher更粗糙的；C. stronger更强的；D. kinder更善良的。根据前文“I must fight against the fear of being left behind.”，可知应该是变成更加强的人。故选C。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：铁人三项从它的爱好者那里需要的艰辛和它带来的好处一样多，但是，不知怎么的，你最终付出的甚至超过了它所需要的。A. gains获得；B. avoid避免；C. beat打败；D. require需要。后半句 giving对应前半句gives，故空格选对应到前半句take。故选D。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：这是一种贪婪的、需要你付出许多的休闲方式，吸引着坚定的人。 A. bothers打扰；B. attracts吸引；C. changes改变；D. spoils破坏，溺爱。根据上文的appeal to可知，此处表示这项运动吸引着坚定的人。故选B。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：然而，它也是一种社交性的、充满乐趣的爱好，可以为旅行、体验和梦想提供新鲜的机会。A. fun-filled充满乐趣的；B. time-saving省时的；C. new-born新生的；D. long-lost久违的。这也是一种可以提供新的机会去旅行、体验和梦想。因此这是一个充满乐趣的爱好。故选A。‎ 第二节 语法填空 (共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分)‎ A 阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ My Fair Lady is an adaptation of a classic Greek story. Eliza and Professor Higgins ___36___ (have) their first meeting while sheltering from a heavy rain outside a theatre in London in 1914. Professor Higgins, an expert in phonetics, was convinced that one person’s accent decides his social position. Eliza was a poor flower girl with terrible English. In his opinion, once ___37___ (educate) by him to speak English properly, she could pass herself off in three months ___38___ a duchess at an ambassador's garden party. Eager to improve herself, Eliza set out ___39___ (seek) the assistance of the professor.‎ ‎【答案】36. had 37. educated 38. as 39. to seek ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。讲述了电影《窈窕淑女》的主要故事情节。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。句意：伊丽莎和希金斯教授第一次见面是在1914年伦敦的一个剧院外，当时正在躲避大雨。分析句子结构，设空处所在句子缺少谓语动词，根据时间状语in 1914可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时。故填had。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：在他看来，只要他教她说一口流利的英语，她就能在三个月内冒充公爵夫人参加大使的游园会。分析句子结构，主句谓语动词时could pass，主句和once引导的从句主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和谓语动词的一部分。she和educate之间为动宾关系，需用过去分词形式作状语。故填educated。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：在他看来，只要他教她说一口流利的英语，她就能在三个月内冒充公爵夫人参加大使的游园会。pass sb. off as为固定短语，意为“把某人改变/冒充成……”。故填as。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：渴望提高自己，伊丽莎开始寻求教授的帮助。set out to do sth.为固定短语，意为“着手、开始做某事”。故填to seek。‎ B 阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ It was not until the outbreak of COVID-19 that people became ___40___ (full) aware of ‎ the importance of wearing masks. However, few people know that masks ___41___ (invent) by Dr. Wu Lien Te, a distinguished medical expert in China. In the fight against the Manchurian plague (瘟疫), Wu made a great difference by taking effective measurements, such as masks, to control the infection with great caution. Dr. Wu, ___42___ was nominated (提名) for the Noble Prize in Medicine in 1935, set the standard for generations of doctors to follow.‎ ‎【答案】40. fully 41. were invented 42. who ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了口罩的发明者伍连德的事迹。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：直到COVID-19疫情爆发，人们才充分认识到戴口罩的重要性。分析句子结构，设空处修饰动词短语became aware of，需用副词形式。故填fully。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，很少有人知道口罩是由中国著名的医学专家伍连德博士发明的。陈述过去发生的事实，需用一般过去时，主语masks和invent为被动关系。设空处需填一般过去时的被动语态，其基本构成形式是：was/were+done，主语为复数名词，be动词用were。故填were invented。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：1935年获得诺贝尔医学奖提名的吴博士为一代又一代的医生树立了榜样。分析句子结构，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Dr. Wu指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。‎ C 阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Discovered in 1973 in Yuyao, Zhejiang Province, Hemudu Cultural Ruins, 7,000 years old, are important village ruins in the Chinese New Stone Age. One ___43___ (wonder) characteristic of the Hemudu Culture is rice agriculture. Archaeologists have confirmed that our ancestors in Hemudu played ___44___ major role in spreading rice farming to the coastal regions in the southeast of China. The splendid primitive culture discovered in Hemudu is strong ___45___ (evident) of the fact that both the Yangtze River valley and Yellow River valley are the cradles of the Chinese civilization.‎ ‎【答案】43. wonderful 44. a 45. evidence ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了河姆渡文化的相关信息，以及对中华文明的影响。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：河姆渡文化的一大特色就是稻作农业。分析句子结构，设空处修饰名词characteristic，需用形容词作定语。故填wonderful。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：考古学家已经证实，我们河姆渡的祖先在将水稻种植传播到中国东南部沿海地区的过程中发挥了重要作用。play a role in…为固定短语，意为“在……中发挥重要作用”。Major发音的第一个音标为辅音音素，需用不定冠词a。故填a。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：在河姆渡发现的灿烂的原始文化有力地证明了长江流域和黄河流域是中华文明的发源地。strong为形容词，作定语修饰名词，设空处需填evident的名词形式。evidence意为“证据”，是不可数名词。故填evidence。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 30 分）‎ 第一节 应用文 (满分 15 分)‎ ‎46. 假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友 Lucas 发邮件向你询问厦门鼓浪屿的有关景点。请你回复邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 景点介绍：林巧稚纪念馆、马约翰纪念馆、郑成功雕像、钢琴博物馆(任选 2 个)；‎ ‎2. 表达期待。‎ 注意:1. 词数 80 左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考词汇: 鼓浪屿 Kulangsu; 纪念馆 memorial ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Lucas,‎ I am very glad to receive your email, in which you expressed your desire to know about the scenic spots of Kulangsu in Xiamen. Now Let me recommend two of them to you.‎ You must know Zheng Chenggong, who was a great navigator in the history of China. The statue of Zheng Chenggong stands at the Fuding Rock on the southeastern tip of Kulangsu, which looks ‎ like a man facing the magnificent sea, wearing armor and holding his sword in his hand. His image is strong and imposing.‎ Of course, if you’re interested in music, you should definitely check out the Kulangsu Piano Museum. There displays the collection of clavichords by Hu Youyi, which were shipped back to Kulangsu from Australia. The pianos here are not only old and varied, but also peculiar.‎ There are many places worth visiting in Kulangsu. I hope my recommendation has made you want to visit here.‎ ‎ Yours,‎ LiHua 第二节 读后续写 (满分 15 分)‎ ‎47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写。使之构成一个完整的故事。‎ One Saturday morning, Jeremy woke up to a quiet house. Usually at this time, Mom was making breakfast and cleaning the kitchen, but not today.‎ Jeremy knocked at her bedroom door. "Mom?" he called anxiously. "Don't come in. Jeremy," answered a weak voice. "I have a terrible cold. I don't want you to get sick. You can have cereal for breakfast and watch cartoons. I'm going to stay in bed."‎ Jeremy poured some cereal and milk into d bowl and ate breakfast. Mom must feel very bad if she was staying in bed all day. How could he help? Jeremy thought to himself. Saturday was the laundry day. He had watched Mom do laundry many times, so he knew where to find the soap and how to pour it into the machine. Jeremy opened the door to the washer and put all of his clothes inside. Then he closed the door and pressed the big button that said "START". Jeremy looked through the round, glass window. Water was pouring in, and the machine was starting to spin, making this clothing tumble around. That was easy! His eyes twinkled with pleasure.‎ Jeremy watched cartoons until he heard the washing machine beep. He took out a few damp clothes at a time and moved them into dryers. Everything seemed clean, and Jeremy felt proud. Then he paused in surprise when he pulled out a pink shirt. He didn't own a pink shirt. Where did it come from? He reached further into the washer and took out more pink clothes. And all of his underwear had turn pink! What happened?‎ The last thing Jeremy pulled out of the washer was a bright sock. When he picked it up, he ‎ noticed that the sock turned his hand red. "The sock must have turned all of my white clothes pink!" Jeremy thought.‎ 注意:‎ ‎1. 所续写短文的词数应为 100 左右；‎ ‎2. 应使用 5 个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；‎ ‎3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；‎ ‎4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。‎ Paragraph 1‎ Jeremy didn't want to bother Mom while she was sick.‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2‎ The next day, Jeremy wore one of his new pink shirts to breakfast.‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Paragraph 1‎ Jeremy didn't want to bother Mom while she was sick. What could he do? Looking around, the 5-year-old boy caught a glimpse of the milk carton he left on the kitchen counter. An idea struck Jeremy. He put the pink clothes back into the washing machine and poured in the milk, hoping the pink clothes would turn white. When he took the clothes out, he found his effort was in vain.‎ Paragraph 2‎ The next day, Jeremy wore one of his new pink shirts 1o breakfast. When he walked into the kitchen, Mom was making eggs and bacon. “Where did you get that shirt?" she asked.“It looks nice." Jeremy smiled. “I made it yesterday when I did the laundry. It was an accident, but I like it." “I like it too," said Mom.‎