四川省德阳市2020届高三一诊英语试题 Word版含解析 27页

四川省德阳市高中 “一诊”考试 英语试卷 注意事项： 1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，全卷 150 分，考 试时间 120 分钟。 2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上指定的位置。 3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共 100 分） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷 上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时 间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did the man want at first? A. Egg salad. B. An egg salad sandwich. C. An egg-and-cheese sandwich. 2. What did the man do over the weekend? A. He went to a party. B. He went to the beach. C. He looked after his sister. 3. What does the woman need? A. A pen. B. A pencil. C. A pencil sharpener. 4. Where are the speakers? A. At a party. B. At the laundry. C. At a restaurant. 5. Who are the speakers talking about? A. The man’s sister. B. The man’s children. C. The woman’s husband. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中做给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你 将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答 时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. How many hours will the speakers spend at the airport? A. Half an hour. B. One and a half hours. C. Two hours. 7. What does the man suggest? A. They shouldn’t check any bags. B. They should get to the airport early. C. They should eat before heading to the airport. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. Why is the woman selling the bike? A. She got a brand new one. B. It is in poor condition. C. She has no room for it. 9. How much does the man want to pay? A. $80. B. $90. C. $100. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 小题。 10. Where are the speakers talking? A. On the radio. B. On the phone. C. In a shopping mall. 11. What color swimming suit does the woman order? A. Blue. B. Black. C. White. 12. How much will the woman pay for the pool shoes? A. $22. B. $16. C. $9. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. What kind of job did the man have before? A. He built websites. B. He trained elephants. C. He sold bicycles. 14. Where does the man live now? A. In Bombay. B. In San Diego. C. In New York City. 15. Why did the man move? A. He lost his job. B. He tried to find a better hospital. C. He wanted to be closer to his mother. 16. What will the woman do later today? A. Interview someone else. B. Wait for a phone call. C. Hire the man. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. What did the mouse tell the lion? A. He would never bother the lion again. B. He would give the lion something to eat. C. He would always remember the lion’s kindness. 18. After tying up the lion, what did the hunter do? A. He went to the zoo. B. He went to look for a truck. C. He caught another animal. 19. How did the mouse help the lion? A. He untied the lion. B. He ate through the lion’s rope. C. He cut through the ropes with a knife. 20. What is the main lesson of this story? A. People should protect animals. B. Helping others makes us feel good. C. Help can come from unexpected places. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并 在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A When it comes to bucket-list（遗愿清单） adventures, swimming with sharks is near the top for a lot of adrenaline junkies. Many of the adventures on the list require scuba diving, but at some locations, even non-divers with a desire to get up close and personal with the top of the food chain can jump in and face their fears. Bahamas I don't want to scare the non-shark lovers away from the beauty of the Bahamas, but there are sharks out there. From least scary to the most, here's where to get your Bahamian shark fix. Compass Cay Marina is home to a large number of well-fed, friendly nurse sharks. In case you don't know it, a nurse shark is more like a giant catfish than a great white. You can walk right into the shallow water near the fish-cleaning station and pet these gentle guys. Stuart Cove's in Nassau has been doing shark dives safely for decades. Caribbean reef sharks feed on fish-on-a-stick as divers kneel in the sand in awe. Reef sharks are some of the least aggressive species of shark. As your fear subsides and you crave more sharks and more excitement, check out the folks at Jim Abernethy's Scuba Adventures in Fort Lauderdale. They operate live-aboard dive boats with regularly scheduled shark trips in the Bahamas. Expect to see tigers and hammerheads, as well as the Caribbean reef sharks. Hawaii There are several shark species in the Pacific waters surrounding the Hawaiian Islands. Sightings of tigers, hammerheads, blues, and even great whites are not all that uncommon. And While divers can expect to see these guys almost anywhere while diving in Hawaii, the Oahu's North Shore is the place to be for cage diving. Hawaii Shark Encounters takes shark education seriously and strives to educate customers about the need for shark conservation while providing a thrilling swim with sharks inside the safety of a cage. No diving skills are required－ just bring your courage. Fiji Scuba diving in Fiji is a definite bucket-list adventure for many divers－and the fish many hope to see most is shark. Beqa Adventure Divers can make that happen for you. Sharks are protected in the Shark Reef Marine Reserve, so no worries about questionable practices. This is an uncaged dive, but per the company's website, it is a carefully managed feed, where participants observe, but do not interact（互动） with the sharks. Guadalupe Island Home to a large population of great whites, the waters off the Mexico's Baja coast, attract divers willing to brave cold Pacific waters for some time in a cage watching the top fish of the ocean Nautilus Live Aboards operates six-day adventures from July to November using submersible （能在水下操作的） cages that descend to about 9 meters for a better opportunity to observe the sharks. You meet the expedition in San Diego, motor to Ensenada, cruise to Guadalupe, then spend three full days in the cages watching the predators. Non-divers are allowed, as air is supplied by hoses attached to the boat, but a minimum of a Discover Scuba course is recommended. 1. How many kinds of sharks are mentioned in this passage? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 2. According to the passage, where can you interact with sharks? A. In Bahamas. B. In Hawaii. C. In Fiji. D. In Guadalupe Island. 3. We can learn from the text that . A. great whites can be seen mostly in Bahamas B. caged diving is safer than uncaged diving C. tigers are more dangerous than reef sharks D. skills as well as courage are needed for cage diving in Hawaii 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【解析】 文章介绍了几个和鲨鱼冒险潜水的地方和每个地方的特点。 【1 题详解】 D 细节推理题。文中提到了 nurse sharks, Caribbean reef sharks, Sightings of tigers, great whites ,hammerheads, blues 等 6 种鲨鱼，故选 D. 【2 题详解】 A 细节推理题。根据 Bahamas 中 You can walk right into the shallow water near the fish-cleaning station and pet these gentle guys.可知在这里可以直接走进浅水里，抚摸这些温柔的鲨鱼，可 以和鲨鱼亲密接触。故选 A. 【3 题详解】 C 细节推理题。根据 Bahamas 中 Reef sharks are some of the least aggressive species of shark.可 知 Reef sharks 是最不具攻击性的鲨鱼种类之一，C 正确。故选 C. 【名师点睛】 细节理解题是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。事实和细节题的命题特点 是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语 义转化题。直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息 加工或整理后才能得出结论。 做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下： 1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨；文章介绍了几个和鲨鱼冒险潜水的地方和每 个地方的特点。 2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如 for example, first, second…等预 测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实； 3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含 细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题 2 根据 Bahamas 中 You can walk right into the shallow water near the fish-cleaning station and pet these gentle guys.可知 在这里可以直接走进浅水里，抚摸这些温柔的鲨鱼，可以和鲨鱼亲密接触。小题 3 根据 Bahamas 中 Compass Cay Marina is home to a large number of well-fed, friendly nurse sharks.可 知 Bahamas 最多的是 nurse sharks ,A 错误。根据 Hawaii 中 while providing a thrilling swim with sharks inside the safety of a cage.和 Fiji 中 This is an uncaged dive, but per the company's website, it is a carefully managed feed, where participants observe, but do not interact（互动）with the sharks.可知在笼子中潜水不一定比不在笼中潜水安全，B 错误。根据 Bahamas 中 Reef sharks are some of the least aggressive species of shark.可知Reef sharks是最不具攻击性的鲨鱼种类之 一，C 正确。根据 Hawaii 中 No diving skills are required －just bring your courage.可知在夏威 夷潜水不需要技术，只需要勇气。D 错误。 B Every summer the heat was miserable. This summer was no exception. Jamal lay on the porch(门廊), holding a glass of sweet tea to his forehead, trying to absorb some of the cool. It was early afternoon, and his grandmother had lain down for her daily nap. “Jamal! Jamal!” said Lisa, trying to get his attention. “What?” he asked. “I’m going to sort out the attic(阁楼). Want to come?” she asked calmly. Lisa was two years younger than Jamal and was used to being blown off. “You’re crazy,” Jamal said. “It’s got to be 100 degrees up there, not to mention that it’s dusty and full of spiders and who knows what else.” “Grandma said that if we see anything we want up there, we can keep it,” said Lisa. “What makes you think I want any of that old junk?” asked Jamal. “Suit yourself,” said Lisa. She went to the bedroom to change into old clothes that could get covered in sweat, dust, and possibly dead spiders. Up in the attic, Lisa began to see Jamal’s point. The heat in the house rose upwards, only to be trapped in the small attic. Everything was covered in a fine layer of dust As Lisa began going through the boxes, she realized that no one had touched them for years. After a couple of hours, Lisa’s back ached, and her shirt was wet through. “Lisa, honey!” she heard her grandmother call. “Come take a break and have some tea.” Lisa went downstairs and took a picture with her. “Grandma, is this really you?” Her grandmother laughed. “What, you can’t believe it? Yes, that’s me; that was taken at my home coming almost sixty years ago.” “You were beautiful, Grandma,” said Lisa admiringly. “You’d be surprised, Lisa,” her grandmother responded. “Adults, all of us, were once young and irresponsible like you.” “I don’t think Mom was ever like that …” said Lisa. “Your mother…” her grandmother’s voice became low as she carefully chose her words. “When your father died in the service, your mother was still just a girl herself. You were a baby, and Jamal was only two. She had to grow up real fast.” Lisa nodded. She finished her tea, thanked her grandmother, and turned to go back upstairs. 4. What was Jamal’s attitude towards Lisa’s suggestion of exploring the attic? A. Enthusiastic. B. Interested. C. Negative. D. Indifferent. 5. The underlined expression “Suit yourself” means “ ”. A. Enjoy yourself B. Please yourself C. Take care of yourself D. Help yourself 6. What does Lisa’s grandmother probably mean when she says that Lisa’s mother “had to grow up real fast”? A. Lisa’s mother had to drop out of college and start working. B. Lisa’s mother had to become carefree and irresponsible very quickly. C. Lisa’s mother had to become responsible and mature very quickly. D. Lisa’s mother had to take on more responsibility than she was able to handle. 7. Which of the following is the probable ending of the story? A. Lisa found her mother’s love letters. B. Lisa found nothing important but junk. C. Lisa found a box of spiders and was scared to death. D. Lisa found something about her mother’s miserable childhood. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A 【解析】 故事讲述了炎热的夏天，Lisa 清理阁楼时发现的东西以及和外婆的对话。 【4 题详解】 C 推理判断题。A. Enthusiastic.热情的；B. Interested.感兴趣的；C. Negative.否定的，反对的； D. Indifferent.漠不关心的。根据“You’re crazy,” Jamal said. “It’s got to be 100 degrees up there, not to mention that it’s dusty and full of spiders and who knows what else.”和“What makes you think I want any of that old junk?可知 Jamal 因为阁楼上又热又脏，对阁楼上的东西不感兴趣， 所以反对 Lisa 清理阁楼。故选 C. 【5 题详解】 B 猜测词义题。A. Enjoy yourself 过得高兴；B. Please yourself 随便你；C. Take care of yourself 照顾好自己；D. Help yourself 请自便。Lisa 想让 Jamal 和她一起清理阁楼，但 Jamal 认为阁 楼上又热又脏不同意，所以 Lisa 说随便你，然后自己去清理。“Suit yourself”随你便，与 Please yourself 同义，故选 B. 【6 题详解】 C 推理判断题。根据“When your father died in the service, your mother was still just a girl herself. You were a baby, and Jamal was only two. She had to grow up real fast.”可知丈夫死亡，两个孩 子还小，所以 Lisa 的妈妈必须变得负责任，成熟得很快。故选 C. 【7 题详解】 A 推理判断题。文章最后 Lisa 和外婆谈到妈妈，都认为她非常负责任。所以随后的内容应该 是和妈妈的爱和负责任有关，应该是从阁楼上找到了妈妈的信。故选 A. C What is erosion(腐蚀)? Erosion is simply when soil is transported on the earth's surface from one location to another by a natural cause. This is easy to imagine. Picture a sandcastle on a beach. This sandcastle is particularly beautiful, the work of a whole long, hot summer afternoon. It has three towers, with a great wall running all around. Small square houses sit in an open area in the center. From the tallest tower flies a Pop-sicle-wrapper flag from a small twig flagpole. Its builder sits back, proudly admiring her work. But it is late, and the tide is coming in, bringing the water closer. Finally, the castle is hit with a giant wave. As it pulls out, the builder sees there is nothing left but bits of the towers and a small broken twig. Where has the sand gone? Not very far, really. It’s moving around the water that will wash back and forth across the beach all day. It’s spread around the beach next to the castle. However, to our eyes, it has disappeared. This is also the way with erosion. Parts of the earth seem to disappear but have really just been moved around. A common example of water changing the landscape is sinkholes. Sinkholes are formed when underground water wears away the dirt and rock that surrounds it. Eventually, the hole underneath the ground is so big, and the earth above it so thin that the surface collapses into the hole, taking with it anything unlucky enough to be on the surface at the time. Sinkholes occur naturally and have been around a very long time. Today, though, many sinkholes are caused by the action of human beings. In fact, today, human beings are one of the things helping to speed up erosion of the earth. Scientists believe that by pumping water from underground, moving sand dunes and other naturally-occurring anti-erosion measures, humans have allowed erosion of the earth to speed up by as much as 40 times. This means that beaches around the world are disappearing, more sinkholes are opening up, and farmland is rapidly becoming desert. 8. What’s the author’s purpose of describing a sandcastle in Paragraph 2? A. To show the destructive force of nature. B. To recall his happy childhood. C. To catch the reader’s attention. D. To explain what erosion is. 9. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the passage? A. The hole. B. The ground. C. The earth. D. The surface. 10. According to the passage, which of the following can you infer may NOT be the cause of sink-holes? A. A lot of high-rises have been built. B. People pump water from underground. C. Too many mines have been opened up. D. Underground water takes away dirt and rock around it. 11. Based on the passage, what is most likely to be one result of erosion? A. Desertification will speed up. B. Sinkholes will be everywhere. C. Many plant species will disappear. D. Earthquakes will happen more often. 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. A 11. A 【解析】 作者用例子介绍了什么是侵蚀，以及人类侵蚀活动的严重后果。 【8 题详解】 D 推理判断题。第二段作者利用沙堡精美地建造和被侵蚀的过程，形象地说明了什么是侵蚀。 故选 D. 【9 题详解】 D 猜测词义题。此处指沙滩的表面上堆了 3 个沙塔，it 指地表，故选 D. 【10 题详解】 A 细节推理题。根据第三段中的 Sinkholes are formed when underground water wears away the dirt and rock that surrounds it.和最后一段中的 Scientists believe that by pumping water from underground, moving sand dunes and other naturally-occurring anti-erosion measures,可知地下水 侵蚀泥土和岩石，人类抽取地下水和开矿都是造成天坑的原因。A 项不是，故选 A. 【11 题详解】 A 细节推理题。根据最后一段 This means that beaches around the world are disappearing, more sinkholes are opening up, and farmland is rapidly becoming desert.可知人类侵蚀活动造成的后 果，世界各地的海滩正在消失，更多的天坑形成，农田正在迅速变成沙漠。故选 A. D Humans: It's time to abandon Earth or race extinction. It could be the plot of a summer blockbuster(巨片), but this prediction isn't science fiction. It's a glimpse of the future, according to famous British scientist Stephen Hawking. "I see great dangers for the human race," he said in an interview with global forum Big Think. "There have been a number of times in the past when its survival has been a question of touch and go." "I believe that the long-term future of the human race must be in space", he said. "It will be difficult enough to avoid disasters on planet Earth in the next hundred years, let alone the next thousand, or million." Hawking, who was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom last year, has recently voiced many concerns about the future of life on Earth. "If aliens visited us, the outcome would be as much as when Columbus landed in America, which didn't turn out well for the Native Americans," he said. "Such advanced aliens would perhaps become nomads(游牧者), looking to conquer(征服) and colonize whatever planets they can reach." But Hawking says he's still hopeful for the future of humanity. He told Big Think, "We've made remarkable progress in the last hundred years. But if we want to continue beyond the next hundred years, our future is in space." Getting to another planet will prove a challenge, not to mention colonizing it for humanity. Katherine Freese from University of Michigan told Big Think that "the nearest star to Earth is Proxima Centauri which is 4.2 light years away. That means, if you were traveling at the speed of light the whole time, it would take 4.2 years to get there — or about 50,000 years using current rocket science." 12. Humans are advised to abandon Earth mainly because _____. A. aliens will take up our home planet soon B. it was discussed in the forum Big Think C. many scientists like Hawking concern it D. many disasters will happen on the Earth 13. Thinking about the future of humans, Hawking feels that _____. A. humans can't live on the earth any longer B. the earth will not be habitable for humans C. other planets are ready for humans to reach D. aliens are the biggest future threat to humans 14. What is the writer's key point in the last paragraph? A. It is impossible to get to another planet in space. B. It is urgent for Hawking to develop the space science. C. The near future can't see human's move to another planet. D. The planet Proxima Centauri is far away from the earth. 15. This passage is most probably taken from _____. A. a conference interview B. a science fiction C. a history book D. a forum report 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D 【解析】 本文讲述的是由于各种灾难和威胁，地球将不再适合生存，科学家建议放弃地球去其他星球 居住。但目前还不现实要努力保护我们的地球。 【12 题详解】 D 细节推理题。根据第三段"I see great dangers for the human race,"和第四段"It will be difficult enough to avoid disasters on planet Earth in the next hundred years, let alone the next thousand, or million."可知，未来地球会面临许多灾难，这些灾难会严重影响人类生活，所以科学家们建 议人类放弃地球。故选 D。 【13 题详解】 B 推理判断题。第四段"It will be difficult enough to avoid disasters on planet Earth in the next hundred years, let alone the next thousand, or million."可知，霍金认为未来地球会面临许多灾 难，这些灾难会严重影响人类生活，地球不再是适合人类生存的居住地。故选 B。 【14 题详解】 C 推理判断题。根据最后一段 if you were traveling at the speed of light the whole time, it would take 4.2 years to get there — or about 50,000 years using current rocket science."可知，其他星球 距离地球太远，依照现有的技术到达那里还不现实，故短期内人类不可能移居到其他星球。 故选 C。 【15 题详解】 D 推理判断题。本文讲述的是由于各种灾难和威胁，地球将不再适合生存，科学家建议放弃地 球去其他星球居住，但目前还不现实。所以我们还是要努力保护我们的地球。所以这类文章 不属于会议采访，科幻小说和历史故事。再根据第三段 he said in an interview with global forum Big Think.可知，应该属于论坛报告。故选 D。 【名师点睛】 推理判断题的常见考查形式及解题方法： 推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。此类题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，做出判 断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下 逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。 本文推理判断题的考法： 1)推测文章的观点或结论。小题 2 考查霍金对未来人类的观点，第四段"It will be difficult enough to avoid disasters on planet Earth in the next hundred years, let alone the next thousand, or million."可知，霍金认为未来地球会面临许多灾难，这些灾难会严重影响人类生活，地球不 再是适合人类生存的居住地。小题 3 考查最后一段作者的要点，根据最后一段 if you were traveling at the speed of light the whole time, it would take 4.2 years to get there — or about 50,000 years using current rocket science."可知，其他星球距离地球太远，依照目前的火箭技 术，到达离人类最近的恒星要五万年，所以到达那里还不现实，移居其他星球短期内不会实 现。故选 C。 2)推断文章出处。小题 4 本文讲述的是由于各种灾难和威胁，地球将不再适合生存，科学家 建议放弃地球去其他星球居住，但目前还不现实。所以我们还是要努力保护我们的地球。所 以这类文章不属于会议采访，科幻小说和历史故事。再根据第三段 he said in an interview with global forum Big Think.可知，应该属于论坛报告。故选 D。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。 There is a collection of positive habits that make a person so successful in class.______16______. Here are some habits of top students that you can use as tips to do better at school: First,_____17_____. In college, homework assignments generally make up 5-20% of your grade, but can be the biggest time- suck for most students. Working problems is one of the best ways to turn new concepts into working knowledge, but you’ll never see on an exam a large majority of those problems that take you hours and hours to work through. Second, they never “read through” the textbook. Per time spent, reading the textbook is one of the least effective methods for learning new materials.______18______, but otherwise use Google, lecture notes, and old exams for study materials. Third, they test themselves frequently. Testing yourself strengthens your brain’s connections to new materials. ___19___. Bottom line, repeated self-testing significantly improve long-term memory of new materials. Last, they study in short bursts, not long marathons. Studying in short burst tends to help you focus strongly because you know there is at least a short break coming.____20____, which makes studying continuously for multiple hours on end. A. It helps relax our mind. B. they always focus on their homework C. they don’t always do all of their homework D. Top students use examples and practice problems E. This also fits in nicely with our natural activity or rest cycle of our bodies F. It gives you immediate and clear feedback on whether you know something or not G. An accumulation of such habits can combine to produce high-level academic performance 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. D 19. F 20. E 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。积极的习惯能让一个人在课堂上成功，作者介绍了尖子生的一些学习习惯 和方法。 【16 题详解】 根据上句“There is a collection of positive habits that make a person so successful in class.”讲有一些积极的习惯能让一个人在课堂上成功，G 项：这种习惯的积累可以结 合产生高水平的学术表现，说明了其重要作用，引出下文内容，故选 G。 【17 题详解】 根据下句“In college, homework assignments generally make up 5-20% of your grade, but can be the biggest time- suck for most students.”可知大学里的作业很占用时间，根据“Working problems is one of the best ways to turn new concepts into working knowledge”可知要注重实 践。C 项说明尖子生并不是做全部的作业，符合本段内容，概括全段内容。故选 C。 【18 题详解】 根据上文“Second, they never “read through” the textbook. 本段讲尖子生的学习技 巧，从不通读教科书。D 项“尖子生使用例子和练习”是尖子生的具体做法，与上句连接， 与下句并列。故选 D。 【19 题详解】 根据上文“Third, they test themselves frequently. Testing yourself strengthens your brain’s connections to new materials.”本段讲尖子生经常测试自己，以及自测的好处。 F 项：它会给你即时和清晰地反馈你知道的和不知道的内容，与上句并列，都是自测的好处。 故选 F。 【20 题详解】 根据上文“Last, they study in short bursts, not long marathons.”本段讲尖子生擅 长在短时间内学习，而不是长时间的马拉松。下文讲短时间集中精力学习的好处，E 项：这 也与我们身体的自然活动或休息周期很吻合，符合本段内容，故选 E。 第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I live in a rural community in the United States. A rural area is different from a city because there are ___21___people. My home is deep in a valley___22___by mountains that are rocky and covered in trees. ___23___many farms are located in rural areas because they require large plots of land to grow food or___24___farm animals, in my community the mountains and___25___soil make it difficult to farm. This is one ___26___why few people live in my area. What’s it like to live in the mountains? Since we have a lot of___27___, we get to have horses and chickens. My family___28___eggs from the chickens for breakfast. We also lose electricity a lot because the trees fall on power lines whenever there’s a___29___In my community, people keep battery- powered flashlights and oil lamps stored in case the lights___30___. Some people also use a generator-- a machine that generates electricity from gasoline—whenever there are ___31___ Going to school in a rural area means having fewer classmates and___32___longer distances. To get to my high school, I must drive forty miles to the___33___city. This means I must get up much earlier than my___34___classmates in order to be on time. The roads in my community aren’t paved with asphalt(沥青) either, so during storms they___35___ become too muddy or snowy to pass. In cities a snowplow(扫雪机)___36___ quickly, but areas where fewer people live aren’t the priority(优先), so days can pass before a snowplow___37___the road. Sometimes I must miss school because storms make it____38____to drive. I am not sure____39____if I want to live in the country or in the city when I grow up. I like being in nature, hearing the creek and the birds, and having a big yard. I also like being in the city, though, where I can go howling or skating, or see my friends. It can get____40____in the country, although I do love being around our animals. 21. A. few B. many C. fewer D. more 22. A. surrounded B. hidden C. shadowed D. enriched 23. A. When B. While C. Because D. If 24. A. feed B. grow C. train D. house 25. A. rich B. muddy C. rock D. snowy 26. A. explanation B. cause C. excuse D. reason 27. A. space B. room C. place D. land 28. A. lays B. harvests C. buys D. picks 29. A. storm B. thunder C. lighting D. shower 30. A. put out B. wear out C. run out D. go out 31. A. dangers B. risks C. emergencies D. incidents 32. A. walking B. running C. driving D. traveling 33. A. nearby B. distant C. nearest D. farthest 34. A. rural B. city C. old D. new 35. A. can B. may C. must D. should 36. A. comes by B. comes about C. comes to D. comes out 37. A. cleans B. digs C. clears D. covers 38. A. likely B. necessary C. improper D. impossible 39. A. still B. yet C. even D. as 40. A. quiet B. lonely C. alone D. busy 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. B 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身经历，和城市进行对比，分析了在农村居住的好处和 不足。 【21 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：农村与城市不同，因为农村人口少。A. few 很少的；B. many 许多的；C. fewer 较少的；D. more 更多的。此处指农村地区和城市地区不同，因为人比较 少。根据常识可知农村不像城市人口密集，故选 C。 【22 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的家在深谷里，四周群山环绕，岩石嶙峋，树木繁茂。A. surrounded 包围；B. hidden 隐藏；C. shadowed 遮蔽；D. enriched 丰富。根据 deep in a valley 和 by mountains 可知作者的家在被山包围的山谷深处，故选 A。 【23 题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然许多农场位于农村地区，因为它们需要大片的土地来种植食 物或饲养家畜，但在我的社区，山区和多岩石的土壤使耕作变得困难。A. When 当……时候； B. While 然而；C. Because 因为；D. If 如果。上句说农村人少偏僻，下文说许多农场都在农 村地区，前后句是转折关系，故选 B。 【24 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然许多农场位于农村地区，因为它们需要大片的土地来种植食 物或饲养家畜，但在我的社区，山区和多岩石的土壤使耕作变得困难。A. feed 喂养；B. grow 种植；C. train 培养；D. house 给……房子住。此处指农场需要大块的土地来种粮食和给家畜 提供住处，故选 D。 【25 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. rich 富有的；B. muddy 泥泞的；C. rocky 岩石的；D. snowy 下雪的。此处指在作者的家乡，山脉和岩石土壤使农场难以耕种。上文 by mountains that are rocky 给了提示，故选 C。 【26 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么很少有人住在我的地区的原因之一。A. explanation 解释；B. cause 原因，起因；C. excuse 借口；D. reason 原因。家乡的土壤不适合耕种，这是 家乡人少的原因。reason 通常指产生某种行为或想法的推理上的理由，而 cause 通常指导致 某一事件发生的起因。故选 D。 【27 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我们有很多空间，所以我们有马和鸡。A. space 空间；B. room 房间；C. place 地方；D. land 陆地。此处指住在农村的好处，有大空间，有马和鸡。故选 A。 【28 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们家从鸡群中收集鸡蛋当早餐。A. lays 放置；B. harvests 收获； C. buys 购买；D. picks 选择。我们家养着鸡，所以收获鸡蛋作为早餐，故选 B. 【29 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们也经常断电，因为每当有暴风雨的时候，树就会掉到电线上。 A. storm 暴风雨；B. thunder 雷；C. lighting 闪电；D. shower 阵雨。我们也经常停电，因为 每当有暴风雨的时候，树就会掉到电线上。暴风雨会把树刮到电线上造成停电，故选 A。 【30 题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在我的社区，人们把电池供电的手电筒和油灯储存起来，以 防停电了。A. put out 扑灭，熄灭；指某人将某物熄灭，强调动作；B. wear out 磨损，穿破； C. run out 耗尽；D. go out 熄灭，经常指自己熄灭。此处指因为停电灯熄灭，故选 D。 【31 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人还使用发电机——这是一种每当遇到紧急情况时就用汽油 发电的机器。A. dangers 危险；B. risks 冒险；C. emergencies 紧急事件；D. incidents 事件。 此处指无论什么时候有紧急事件时，一些人也使用一种通过烧汽油发电的发电机。故选 C。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在农村上学意味着同学更少，路途更远。A. walking 步行；B. running 跑；C. driving 驾驶；D. traveling 走步。在农村上学意味着有较少的同学和走较远的距离， 因为人烟稀少，学校少，所以上学很远。此处并没有说上学的具体交通方式，只是总说，指 路途。故选 D。 【33 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：要到我的高中，我必须开车四十英里到最近的城市。A. nearby 附近的；B. distant 遥远的；C. nearest 最近的；D. farthest 最远的。上高中时作者要开车四十 英里到达最近的城市，这是为了说明上学路途远，故选 C。 【34 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这意味着为了准时，我必须比我的城市同学起得早得多。A. rural 农村的；B. city 城市的；C. old 古老的；D. new 新的。为了按时上学，必须比城市里的同学 更早起床。表示对比，故选 B。 【35 题详解】 考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：因此，在风暴期间，它们会变得太泥泞或下雪而无法通过。 A. can 能，会；B. may 可以；C. must 必须；D. should 应该。农村的道路不是沥青路，所以 雨雪天会变得非常泥泞。根据句意选 A。 【36 题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在城市里，扫雪机很快就会出现，但在人口较少的地区，扫 雪机并不是首选。A. comes by 经过；B. comes about 发生；C. comes to 谈到；D. comes out 出现。在城市里，下雪后扫雪机会很快经过，把雪扫干净。故选 A。 【37 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以扫雪机清理道路的日子就过去了。A. cleans 打扫；B. digs 挖；C. clears 清除；D. covers 覆盖。此处指扫雪机清除积雪，使路面干净。故选 C。 【38 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时我必须旷课，因为暴风雨使我无法开车。A. likely 很可能 的；B. necessary 必要的；C. improper 错误的；D. impossible 不可能的。因为农村道路雨雪 后泥泞，雨雪使道路不能开车，作者不能去上学。故选 D。 【39 题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我还不确定我长大后是想住在农村还是住在城市。A. still 仍然； B. yet 仍然；C. even 甚至；D. as 因为，随着。still 常用于肯定句中，表示“某事正在进行中”， 一般与现在时态或进行时态连用。也可用在疑问句或否定句中，在否定句中须放在否定词 not 之前。 yet 表示“某事尚未发生”，多用于否定句或带否定词的陈述句中。此处用于否定 句，表示我现在仍然不确定，故选 B。 【40 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很喜欢和我们的动物在一起，但是在乡下会很寂寞。A. quiet 安静的；B. lonely 寂寞的；C. alone 独自的；D. busy 忙碌的。因为农村人少，所以尽 管我喜欢和动物在一起，但农村会让人寂寞。故选 B。 【点睛】完形填空题的命题特点及答题方法： 1.侧重基础知识，考查学生语言知识的能力 完形填空以文入手，结合文章的内容考查学生的基础知识，主要是词语搭配、固定句型、近 义词辨析、辨析句子结构、掌握语法规则的能力，其中考查实词居多。 2.上下文对照，考查学生捕捉关键词的能力 做完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要注意句子间的关系及句子与段落 的关系。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时 要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。小题 2 考查动词。A. surrounded 包围；B. hidden 隐藏；C. shadowed 遮蔽；D. enriched 丰富。根据 deep in a valley 和 by mountains 可知作者的家在被山包围的山谷深处，故选 A. 小题 5 考查形容词。A. rich 富有的；B. muddy 泥泞的；C. rocky 岩石的；D. snowy 下雪的。此处指在作者的家乡，山脉和岩石土壤使农场 难以耕种。上文 by mountains that are rocky 给了提示，故选 C。 3.结合生活，考查学生利用常识题的能力 目的考查学生的生活常识，看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰 当的选择。如小题 1 考查形容词。A. few 很少的；B. many 许多的；C. fewer 较少的；D. more 更多的。此处指农村地区和城市地区不同，因为人比较少。根据常识可知农村不像城市人口 密集，故选 C. 小题 7 考查名词。A. space 空间；B. room 房间；C. place 地方；D. land 陆地。 此处指住在农村的好处，有大空间，有马和鸡。故选 A.小题 8 考查动词。A. lays 放置；B. harvests 收获；C. buys 购买；D. picks 选择。我们家养着鸡，所以收获鸡蛋作为早餐，故选 B。 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共 50 分) 注意事项： 用 0.5 毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tiger Parents Do No Good to Kids’ Development Digging through kids’ school bags, looking up all the assignments, sitting beside them going through each item, and finally_______41_______(have) all the homework checked with a name signed is a _______42_______(day) routine for most Chinese parents, as required by teachers. A demanding task especially after a long day’s work at office, isn’t it? ____43____(luck), some parents in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, have been liberated. A local primary school has recently announced that parents will no longer have to sign their names on their kids’ homework, as students should be responsible_____44_____their own assignments. Making mistakes is ______45______essential part of the process of understanding. Who cares how much you____46____ (score) in your homework after you have settled down in life and found your directions? The______47______(able) to realize one’s mistakes and learn from them is what matters, which is also the main purpose of education. Why not give students a chance_____48_____(find) out and correct their mistakes themselves? It is by no______49______(mean)parents’ duty to go through the kids’ assignments.______50______ parents are supposed to do is to create a friendly studying environment for kids, and teach them to be an independent learner. After all, independent learning is much more important than high scores. 【答案】41. having 42. daily 43. Luckily 44. for 45. an 46. have scored 47. ability 48. to find 49. means 50. What 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章针对当下父母过多地帮助孩子做作业检查作业这一现象，告诉我们家 长不要过多参与孩子学习，让他们在错误中自己成长。 【41 题详解】 考查动词。此处与句中的 Digging, looking, sitting,并列，几个并列成分合做主语，故填 having。 【42 题详解】 考查形容词。此处修饰名词 routine 用形容词，指日常的工作，故填 daily。 【43 题详解】 考查副词。句意：幸运的是，浙江省金华市的一些家长已经被解放了。此处表示“幸运的是”， 单独作状语，修饰整个句子，用副词，故填 Luckily。 【44 题详解】 考查介词。此处指学生们应该为自己的作业负责，be responsible for “对…负责”，是固定搭 配。故填 for。 【45 题详解】 考查冠词。句中 part 是单数可数名词，此处指出错是理解的过程的一个基本部分，essential 开头是元音音标，表示“一个”用 an，故填 an。 【46 题详解】 考查时态。此处指在你安定下来并找到方向之后谁还会在意你作业中得了多少分，表示过去 的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时。故填 have scored。 【47 题详解】 考查名词。此处由 The 限定后用名词，指认识自己错误的能力，故填 ability。 【48 题详解】 考查动词不定式。此处是不定式作定语修饰 chance，指学生自己发现和改正错误的机会。故 填 to find。 【49 题详解】 考查名词。by no means “绝不”，是固定短语。故填 means。 【50 题详解】 考查代词。句意：父母应该做的是为孩子们创造一个友好的学习环境，教他们成为一个独立 的学习者。此处引导主语从句，指父母应该做的事情，故填 What。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节：短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 51. 假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文，文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。 增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/),并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除: 把多余的词用斜线() 划掉。 修改: 在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词: 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起) 不计分。 Last summer vacation was my most pleasant one. My parents and I had made at our to Xi’an. Instead of having a travel agency arranging our transportation and accommodation, we booked the train tickets and hotel rooms on the Internet by us. During our tour in Xi’an, we went to many places of interests and took lots of photos, learned about the history of Xi’an. No tourists would miss the local food in Xi’an, so would we. We enjoyed the typical local food, it tasted more delicious than we had expected. Hardly had I returned than I shared the photos and experiences for my classmates. The trip to Xi’an has been such happy memory to me that I will never forget it. 【答案】1. 去掉 had 2. arranging 改为 arrange 3. us 改为 ourselves 4. interests 改为 interest 5. learned 改为 learning 6. so 改为 neither 或 nor 7. it 改为 which 或在 it 前加 and 8. than 改为when 9. for 改为 with 10. happy 前加 a 【解析】 【详解】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了去年夏天和父母去西安旅游的经历和收获。 1.考查动词时态。根据时间状语 Last summer 可知此处叙述过去发生的事，用一般过去时即 可，不用过去完成时。故去掉 I 后的 had。 2.考查动词形式。表示让某人做某事用 have sb. do sth.此处指让旅行社安排我们的交通和住 宿，故 arranging—arrange。 3.考查代词。此处指我们自己在网上定了火车票和旅馆，句中主语和宾语一致都是我们，用 反身代词。故 us—ourselves。 4.考查名词。place of interest “名胜古迹”，复数形式是 place 用复数，interest 不变。故 interests—interest。 5.考查非谓语动词。句中主语 we 和动词 learn 是主动关系，表示我们了解了西安的历史。此 处作状语用动词的-ing 形式，故 learned—learning。 6.考查固定句型。So+助动词+主语表示“后者也那样”，前半句是肯定形式。此处前半句 No tourists 是否定形式，表示“后者也不”，用 neither/nor+助动词+主语结构，故 so—neither/nor。 7.考查定语从句。句中包含非限制性定语从句，先行词是 typical local food 指物,在定语从句 中做主语，用关系代词 which 引导，补充说明先行词。故 it—which。 8.考查固定句型。Hardly…when…表示“一…就…”，是固定搭配。故 than—when。 9.考查介词。表示“和…分享…”用 share sth. with sb.此处指和同学们分享照片和经历，故 for—with。 10.考查冠词。此处表示如此快乐的回忆，memory 在此可数，用 such a +adj.+n.结构，故 such 后加 a。 第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分) 52. 假如你是一名高三学生李华，你在某英文论坛上看到一个帖子。澳大利亚中学生 Julia 想来中国旅游，你向 她推荐了四川，请根据以下提示用英语写一封电子邮件。 内容包括：1.自我介绍； 2.推荐理由（至少两条）； 注意： 1.文中不能出现真实的学校名称及个人姓名； 2. 可以适当增加细节，词数 100 左右；（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数） 3.参考词汇：英文论坛 the English forum 帖子 post Hi there, Julia.__________________________________________________________________________ __ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ Best Wishes! Sincerely yours, Li Hua 【答案】Hi there, Julia. I’m very glad to have read the post that you put on the English Forum. I strongly recommend that you pay a visit to Sichuan Province. I’m Li Hua, a Senior 3 boy student, good at Chinese geography and history. When it comes to traveling in China, Sichuan is sure to be a popular tourist destination. It is not only the birthplace of Ba-Shu culture, but also has many places of interest, where you can enjoy yourself to the full degree. Besides, people in Sichuan are friendly and willing to help others in need, which can really help make your visit comfortable and pleasant. Particularly, you can take a chance to experience different cultures and enjoy a variety of typical Sichuan foods. By the way, I’d like to serve as your guide if you come. I do hope that you will have a good time in China. Best Wishes! Sincerely yours, Li Hua 【解析】 高三学生李华在某英文论坛上看到一个帖子，澳大利亚中学生 Julia 想来中国旅游，你向她 推荐了四川，要求根据提示写一封电子邮件。内容包括：1.自我介绍；2.推荐理由（至少两 条）；因为文章主要是介绍推荐理由，描写四川吸引人的地方及特点，用一般现在时和第三 人称来写。 写作时要注意要点全面，表达准确，观点明确，条理清晰。还要注意高级词汇和句型的运用 来提高文章档次，如定语从句 that you put on the English Forum. where you can enjoy yourself to the full degree.和 which can really help make your visit comfortable and pleasant.宾语从句 that you pay a visit to Sichuan Province.和 that you will have a good time in China.词语 not only…but also…, places of interest, be willing to, a variety of 等。